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Overview of Adrenals Tumors in Dakar Hospitals

Open Journal of Internal Medicine 2024年第2期14卷 141-150页

作者： Nafy Ndiaye Yakham Mohamed Leye Mouhamadou Moustapha Ndong Ngoné Diaba Diack amadou fall cisse Abdoulaye Leye Baidy Sy Kane Alpha Omar Touré Cherif Mohamed Dial Pape Saloum Diop Internalmedeccine and Endocrinology Department Teaching Hospital of Pikine Dakar Senegal General Surgery Department Aristide Le Dantec Teaching Hospital of Dakar Dakar Senegal Anatomo-Pathology Department General Hospital of Grand Yoff Dakar Dakar Senegal General Surgery Department General Hospital of Grand Yoff Dakar Dakar Senegal

Introduction: Adrenal tumours (AT) are commonly encountered in clinical practice. For any patient presenting an adrenal mass, there are two crucial points to consider: is the adrenal mass malignant and is it hormonally active? The objective of our study was to evaluate the epidemiological, diagnostic, therapeutic, and evolutionary aspects of AT in a developing country. Methodology: We conducted a retrospective study spanning 17 years (from January 2005 to October 2022) in four Dakar hospital services. We included all patient medical records with explored AT. Results: AT was diagnosed in 35 patients who had a mean age of 36.62 years (range: 12-79), and a female predominance (26 women to 9 men). Among these patients, 17.2 % had incidental AT. Hypertension was the commonest presenting symptom in 27 patients (77%), which was associated with Mnards triad in 14 patients (40%). Abdominal pain was reported by 20 patients (57%), and 14 presented with an abdominal mass. Among the patients, 29 had functional AT: 22 with pheochromocytoma, 5 with primary hyperaldosteronism, and 2 with hypercortisolism. Imaging evaluations revealed that 33 patients had unilateral AT and one had bilateral AT. Tumour sizes varied, 5 patients had tumours 10 cm. Two patients presented with metastases. The therapeutic approach involved adrenalectomy in 32 patients. Perioperative complications were observed in five patients, including haemorrhage (two patients), hypotension (two cases), and hypertensive crisis (one case). One patient with bilateral pheochromocytoma developed acute adrenal insufficiency postoperatively, followed by abdominal herniation. Histopathological examination confirmed pheochromocytoma in 21 patients, Conns adenoma in 5, adrenocortical carcinoma in 3, cortisol adenoma in 2, and adrenal cyst in 1 patient. Non-functional AT included adrenocortical carcinoma (three patients), adrenal cyst (one patient), and pheochromocytoma (two patients). After a one-year follow-up, 29 patients wit

关键词： Tumour Adrenal Pheochromocytoma Conn Adrenocortical Carcinoma Dakar

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Identification of Antioxidant Additives in Food Products Sold in Dakar Markets

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Open Journal of Applied Sciences 2024年第1期14卷 51-62页

作者： Alé Kane Papa amadou Diakhaté Sokhna Ndao Modou Dieng Mady cisse amadou Diop Laboratory of Biological Agronomic and Food Sciences and Complex Systems Modelling (LABAAM) University Gaston Berger (UGB) Saint-Louis Senegal UFR of Agronomic Sciences Aquaculture and Food Technology (UFR S2ATA) UGB Saint-Louis Senegal Analytical Chemistry and Bromatology Laboratory University Cheikh Anta Diop of Dakar Dakar Senegal Department of Chemical Engineering and Applied Biology University Cheikh Anta Diop of Dakar Dakar Senegal

The use of food additives in industrial production has the advantage of improving sensory properties, technological quality and extending the shelf life of foods. Among the most widely used additives are antioxidants, which prevent oxidation, browning and rancidity reactions in foods. However, the strong presence of these additives on the market is not without risks for human health, and should be controlled to guarantee food safety. Analysis of the risks associated with consumption of foods containing these additives requires, among other things, information on the frequency of use of these additives in various consumer products. The aim of this study is therefore to identify the antioxidants present in industrial food products distributed in Dakar. The methodology adopted consists of a qualitative analysis based on the identification of additives from food labels. Investigations were carried out in 9 stores, 4 superettes and 2 supermarkets located in different districts of Dakar. The results revealed the presence of 12 antioxidant additives, dominated by citric acid (53%) and ascorbic acid (29%). These studies have also highlighted the simultaneous use of several antioxidants in the same food product. Moreover, for some artificial antioxidants identified antioxydant such as BHA and BHT, health risks are associated with their consumption. The results of this study open up prospects for the development of information databases on food additives.

关键词： Additives Antioxidant Food Products Market Risk

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Management of Pheochromocytoma in Dakar: Diagnostic and Therapeutic Advances throughout 16 Cases

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Open Journal of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases 2018年第1期8卷 19-28页

作者： Abdoulaye Leye Nafy Ndiaye Yakham Mohamed Leye amadou fall cisse Ngoné Diaba Diack Michel Assane Ndour Ameth Dieng Daouda Thioub Baidy Sy Kane Alex Bahati Alpha Omar Touré Cherif Mohamed Dial Pape Saloum Diop Internal Medicine and Endocrinology Department Teaching Hospital of Pikine Dakar Dakar Senegal Internal Medicine Department Aristide Le Dantec Teaching Hospital of Dakar Dakar Senegal General Surgery Department Aristide Le Dantec Teaching Hospital of Dakar Dakar Senegal Anatomo-Pathology Department General Hospital of Grand Yoff Dakar Dakar Senegal General Surgery Department General Hospital of Grand Yoff Dakar Dakar Senegal

Introduction: Management of pheochromocytoma faces different challenges leading to misdiagnosis and therapeutic delay in developing countries. The aim of our study was to evaluate the diagnostic and therapeutic features as well as the evolution of our management strategies in hospital setting in recent years in Dakar. Patients and Method: We carried out a retrospective study over 12 years (January 2005 to June 2017), in 4 hospitals in Dakar. We only included patients with established diagnosis of pheochromocytoma upon clinical, biological, radiological and histological arguments. Results: During this period, 16 observations have been collected and were all about female patients. The mean age at the time of diagnosis was 36.81 years. The clinical signs were dominated by hypertension found for 14 patients. At biological examination, hypersecretion catecholamine was found in 13 patients, high urinary metanephrines in 7 patients, high plasmatic metanephrines in 2 patients and raised urinary Vanyl Mandelic Acid (VMA) in 4 patients. Dosage of chromogranin A showed high level for one patient. Abdominal CT scan allowed making the adrenal origin of tumors precise. One patient presented bilateral pheochromocytoma. Before being treated surgically, all patients had had medical preparation. The surgical treatment by median laparotomy consisted of an enucleation of the tumor in 2 patients, and adrenal resection in *** evolution after surgery was favorable in 12 patients out of 13. One patient died 2 days after surgery by hemodynamic instability. In 2 patients who presented metastases, multidrug therapy with cyclophosphamide, vincristine and dacarbazine was decided after a multidisciplinary meeting, but they died before treatment. Conclusion: Management of pheochromocytomas in developing countries is obviously improving, but the mortality rate remains high. Early diagnosis and perioperative care are to be targeted for better outcome and prognosis of this rare tumor in o

关键词： Pheochromocytoma Diagnosis Treatment Dakar

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Urological Complications of Female Genital Mutilation: A Case Report of 15 Patients

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Open Journal of Urology 2024年第9期14卷 499-506页

作者： Mamadou Tidiani Coulibaly Issa amadou Maimouna Traore Falaye Sissoko Dramane cisse Urological Surgeon at the Urology Department of CHU Gabriel Tour Bamako Mali

Objective background: This was a retrospective study of the clinical and therapeutic aspects of urological complications of female genital mutilation in the urology department of Bamako’s Gabriel Touré University Hospital. Methods: Our study took place from 2002 to 2017 in the urology department of the Gabriel Touré University Hospital in Bamako and concerned cases of complications of female genital mutilation. Our study included all girls or women presenting with urinary disorders related to complications of genital mutilation and received in urological consultation and surgical management. Results: The average age of our patients was 2.5 years, with extremes ranging from 3 months to 35 years. The oldest patient had presented with dystocia during both deliveries. Acute urine retention (n = 7) was the most frequent reason for consultation. Other signs included urinary incontinence, pollakiuria and burning. Physical examination revealed clitoridectomy and abrasion of the labia minora in 13 patients. Type III of the WHO classification of female genital mutilation was the most frequent and corresponded to infibulation.

关键词： Acute Retention of Urine Clitoridectomy Female Genital Mutilation

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Review of Two Years of Surgical Activities of the General Surgery Department of the Reference Health Center of Commune I of Bamako Mali

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Surgical Science 2024年第4期15卷 195-206页

作者： Tounkara Cheickna cisse amadou Beydi Samake Hamidou Diarra Issaka Sanogo Modibo Diarra Bogoba Doumbia Seydou Yena Sadio Department of General Surgery of the Reference Health Center of Commune I Bamako Mali Directorate of Social and Health Services of the Armed Forces of Mali Department of Public Health of the Faculty of Medicine and Odontology-Stomatology Bamako Mali Department of Surgery Mali Hospital Bamako Mali

The objectives of this work were to evaluate the surgical activities carried out in the general surgery department of the Reference Health Center of Commune I of Bamako, to describe the sociodemographic characteristics of the operated patients, to determine the main pathologies encountered and to evaluate qualitatively the result of the treatment. In order to improve performance, and the quality of care, and to identify common pathologies in the surgical department, we undertook a retrospective study on surgical activities from January 2009 to December 2010. At the end of this study, out of 474 men and 187 women (equal sex ratio 2.53);we were able to determine the frequency of surgical pathologies. Farmers, housewives and pupils/students were the most represented with 25.9% respectively;20% and 13.3%. The most frequently observed pathologies were wall hernia (44.8%), prostate adenoma (12%) and acute appendicitis (10.5%). The average length of hospitalization was 3.43 days. Infectious complications affected 25 patients (3.8% of cases) and a death rate of 0.45% (i.e. 3 patients). The average cost of care was 53,500 FCFA. Indeed, the reality of surgical practice in health centers was not the same because of the level of skills of practicing surgeons.

关键词： Assessment Surgical Activities 2 Years Reference Health Center of Commune I Bamako

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External Otitis: Epidemiological, Clinical, Etiological, and Therapeutic Aspects at the Oto-Rhino-Laryngology Department of Mamou Regional Hospital

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International Journal of Otolaryngology and Head & Neck Surgery 2024年第3期13卷 213-224页

作者： Mamadou Mouctar Ramata Diallo Sayon Kourouma Oumou amadou Diallo Ibrahima Diallo Francine Haba Alsény cisse Raphan Madi Kaba Keita Abdoulaye Keita Alpha Oumar Diallo ENT Department Mamou Regional Hospital Mamou Guinea ENT Department Conakry Military Hospital Conakry Guinea ENT Department IgnaceDeen National Hospital Conakry Guinea ENT Department Donka National Hospital Conakry Guinea ENT Department Lab&#233 Regional Hospital Lab&#233 Guinea ENT Department N&#8217Z&#233r&#233kor&#233 Regional Hospital N&#8217Z&#233r&#233kor&#233 Guinea

Introduction: External otitis (OE) is an acute or chronic inflammation or infection of the external ear resulting from an imbalance in the external auditory canal secondary to microtrauma, maceration, eczema, or a foreign body in the external auditory canal. Objective: To study cases of external otitis at the Mamou Regional Hospital. Materials and Methods: This was a prospective descriptive study conducted over a period of six (6) months from July 1st to December 31st, 2016. It included all patients admitted to the ENT department of the Mamou Regional Hospital. Results: During the study period, 712 patients were admitted to the department for various pathologies, of which 103 met our selection criteria, representing a frequency of 14.46%. The mean age of the patients was 33.74 years with a range of 1 to 90 years. Males predominated in the sample, accounting for 59.22%. The vast majority of patients resided in urban areas, constituting 61.17% of the sample. In our study, all patients consulted for otalgia (100%), and over half (53.39%) for hypoacusis. We formally identified rhinitis in 66.66% of cases, while diabetes was found in only 4 patients (11.11%). Otomycosis was the most commonly identified condition (53.39%), followed by furuncles (33.98%). Ear drops containing antibiotics were administered to all patients, although 66.60% received antibiotic therapy. Conclusion: External otitis is a relatively common condition, particularly among children and the elderly. Diagnosis can be made based on pain upon traction of the pinna and pressure on the tragus.

关键词： External Otitis ENT Mamou Regional Hospital

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Infectious ENT Emergencies: A One-Year Experience at the ENT Department of Mamou Regional Hospital

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International Journal of Otolaryngology and Head & Neck Surgery 2024年第5期13卷 359-372页

作者： Mamadou Mouctar Ramata Diallo Ibrahima Diallo Oumou amadou Diallo Alsény cisse Mamadou Bailo Sow Raphan Madi Kaba Keita Abdoulaye Keita Alpha Oumar Diallo ENT Department Mamou Regional Hospital Mamou Guinea Faculty of Health Sciences and Techniques Gamal Abdel Nasser University of Conakry Conakry Guinea ENT Department Donka National Hospital Conakry Guinea ENT Department Ignace Deen National Hospital Conakry Guinea ENT Department Lab Regional Hospital Lab Guinea ENT Department NZrkor Regional Hospital NZrkor Guinea

Introduction: ENT infectious emergencies encompass all infectious pathologies affecting the ear, nose, sinuses, throat, and neck. A good understanding of these emergencies is essential for organizing appropriate care. In Guinea, few studies have described ENT infectious pathologies in rural areas. Objective: To study ENT infectious emergencies in the Otorhinolaryngology department of the Mamou Regional Hospital. Materials and Methods: This is a retrospective and prospective descriptive study, conducted from August 1, 2021, to July 31, 2022. All patients admitted to the ENT department of the Mamou Regional Hospital for an infectious emergency were included. Results: Among the 1854 recorded consultations, 261 cases involved ENT infectious emergencies, representing a prevalence of 14.07%. The most represented age group was 0 to 10 years (31.03%), with a majority of female patients (59%) and a predominantly urban origin (81.61%). Students accounted for 32.18% of the cases. The main reasons for consultation were odynophagia/dysphagia (32.42%) and otalgia (22.94%). The primary etiologies were tonsillitis (28.73%) and otitis (27.20%). Treatments administered included probabilistic antibiotic therapy (38.80%), analgesics (32.03%), and corticosteroid therapy (10.47%). The outcome was favorable in 98.85% of cases, with only 0.38% lost to follow-up. Conclusion: The results of our study confirm the frequency of ENT infectious pathologies. Their management requires joint actions for population awareness, staff training, and services equipment, particularly in rural areas.

关键词： ENT Infection Emergency Mamou Regional Hospital

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Haemorrhagic Lupus: A Diagnosis Emergency, Report about 6 Cases

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Open Journal of Internal Medicine 2021年第4期11卷 231-237页

作者： fall Biram Codou Walah Dimitri Dieng Mouhamed Diaw Bamba Tode Johanita Gaye Ahmadou Salane Aly Ndao Awa Cheikh cisse amadou fall Sow Maimouna M. A. Ndour Djiba Boundia Kane Baidy Sy fall Seynabou Leye Abdoulaye Pouye Abdoulaye Ndongo Souhaibou Department of Internal Medicine at DalalJamm Hospital Dakar Sénégal Department of Internal Medicine at Dantec Hospital Dakar Sénégal Department of Internal Medicine at Pikine Hospital Dakar Sénégal Department of Hematology at DalalJamm Hospital Dakar Sénégal

Introduction: Haemorrhagic manifestations rarely represent the mode of onset of lupus and are a therapeutical and diagnosis emergency. We report 6 cases of haemorrhagic manifestations disclosing lupus. Patients and methods: It’s about a retrospective, descriptive and multicentric study ranged from 1st January 2014 to 5th January 2019. Were included in the study all cases of lupic disease revealed by hemorrhagic disorders, recorded in 3 Internal Medicine Departments in Dakar: DalalJamm, Dantec, Pikine. The diagnosis of lupus was made on the basis of the 1997 modified classification criteria of ACR for SLE. Results: We gathered 6 cases of women affected by lupic disease. The mean age was 32 years old with extremes ranged from 17 to 56 years. According to haemorrhagic disorders, the diagnosis of lupus was automatically made in 5 of the cases and it took 6 months to confirm the last one. Haemorrhagic features were ruled by purpura (3/6 cases) and nose-bleeding associated with gumbleeding (2/6 cases), epistaxis and melena (1/6 case), hypermenorrhea (1/6 case), cerebral haematoma (1/6case). Cutaneous (5/6), articular (4/6), renal (2/6) and serous (2/6) disorders specially represented the other manifestations. Biological findings showed cytopenia with 3 cases of anaemia, 1 case of leucopenia and 6 cases of thrombopenia. The average of the platelet count was at 20,000 cells/mm3 with extremes ranged from 1000 to 35,000 cells/mm3. Thrombocytopenia was related to autoimmune thrombocytopenic purpura in 3 cases, to Evans’ syndrome in 2 cases, to macrophage activation syndrome in 1 case. Immunological investigations found the presence of antinuclear antibodies (1/6), anti-dsDNA (2/6) and anti-Sm (4/6). All patients received a bolus of Solumedrol followed by an administration of Prednisone at a dosage of 1.5 mg/kg (3 cases) and 1 mg/kg to the other patients. A transfusion of platelet concentrates was performed for all of them. The evolution was favorable in 4 cases. Two

关键词： Haemorrhagic Lupus Emergency

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Diagnosis of Male Hypogonadism: Experience of a Subsaharan African Endocrinology Department: Transversal Study from January 1^st, 2020 to July 31^st, 2022

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Open Journal of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases 2023年第11期13卷 217-226页

作者： Nafy Ndiaye Ngone Diaba Diack Yakham Mohamed Leye Mouhamed Mbar Niang amadou Lamine cisse Yousra Benani Abdoulaye Leye Internal Medicine/Endocrinology-Diabetology Department Teaching Hospital of Pikine Cheikh Anta Diop University Dakar Senegal

Introduction: Hypogonadism should be suspected in a man who has symptoms and signs of testosterone deficiency. Clinical manifestations depend on the severity and duration of testosterone deficiency, whether the testicular deficit is concerning only androgen synthesis, spermatogenesis, or both. The objective of our study was to evaluate the clinical and aetiological characteristics of male hypogonadism in Dakar’s suburb. Patients and methods: We conducted a transversal study from January 1st, 2020 to July 31st, 2022. We included all male patients aged at least 14 years old with hypogonadism confirmed by a low level of early-morning free testosterone based on two different dosages. For all patients included, sociodemographic and diagnostic parameters were collected by using a pre-established registration form. Results: In total, 20 patients were selected. The average age was 36.3 years old [14 - 62 years old]. Half of the patients were overweight. Five patients had an abdominal circumference greater than 94 cm (37 inches). The other comorbidities found in our patients were type 2 diabetes (n = 1), hypertension (n = 1) and primary hypercholesterolemia in 2 patients. The functional signs reported by the patients were: couple’s infertility in 17 patients, decreased libido in 14 patients, erectile dysfunction in 13 patients, premature ejaculation in 2 patients and anejaculation in 4 patients. The physical examination revealed a bilateral testicular atrophy in 17 patients and a unilateral testicular atrophy in 2 patients;no patient had varicocele or urethral meatus abnormalities. Ten patients presented a micropenis. A eunuchoid morphotype was present in 6 patients and a short stature was noted in 2 patients. It was peripheral hypogonadism (HH) in 18 patients and hypogonadotropic hypogonadism (Hh) in 2 patients. The hypogonadotropic hypogonadism was isolated in both cases. The testicular echography confirmed testicular atrophy and showed cryptorchidism

关键词： Diagnostic Hypogonadism Male Senegal

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Statural and Weight Growth of Low Birth Weight at 9 Months

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Open Journal of Pediatrics 2022年第1期12卷 19-25页

作者： Modou Gueye amadou Sow Djibril Boiro Youssouf Mmadi Ibrahim Aissatou cisse Bathily Benjeloun Amane Assane Sylla Papa Moctar Faye Ousmane Ndiaye Abass Ndao Hospital Center Dakar Senegal Aristide le Dantec Hospital Center Dakar Senegal Albert Royer National Hospital Center Fann Dakar Senegal

Introduction: Low birth weight (LBW) is defined as a birth weight 2500 g at birth, regardless of the term of pregnancy. The objective of this study is to evaluate their stature and weight growth from 0 to 9 months of corrected age (CA) in Senegal. Methodology: This is a prospective, descriptive, and analytical cohort follow-up up to 9 months of CA including all live newborns of LBW hospitalized and followed up from 01 August 2019 to 31 May 2020. World Health Organization growth charts were used to assess stature and weight growth. Results: During the study 136 LBW newborns were included. The mean gestational age was 32 weeks of amenorrhea. At discharge, 46 children (33.82%) were exclusively breastfed. At birth, the mean weight was 1487 g (3rd-10th percentile) and the mean height was 41.52 cm (10th-25th percentile). At 9 months of CA, the mean weight was 8119 g (median) and the mean height was 74 cm (median). The children had achieved satisfactory growth in weight (84%) and height (89%). At 9 months of CA, 27% of the children were behind in one of the four areas of psychomotor development. Conclusion: At the end of 9 months of CA, stature and weighted growth was normal.

关键词： Low-Birth-Weight Growth Stature Weight Child Senegal

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