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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2016年第3期7卷 374-381页

作者： Gita Cherian Nathalie quezada department of Animal and Rangeland Sciences Oregon State University

Background： The current study was conducted to evaluate egg quality and egg yolk fatty acids and immunoglobulin（Ig Y） content from laying hens fed full fat camelina or flax ***： A total of 75, 48-week-old Lohman brown hens were randomly allocated to 3 treatments, with 5replicates containing 5 laying hens each replicate. The hens were fed corn-soybean basal diet（Control）, or Control diet with 10 % of full fat camelina（Camelina） or flax seed（Flax） for a period of 16 wk. Hen production performance egg quality, egg yolk lipids, fatty acids and Ig Y were determined every 28 d during the experimental ***： Egg production was higher in hens fed Camelina and Flax than in Control hens（P 〈 0.05）. Egg weight and albumen weight was lowest in eggs from hens fed Camelina（P 〈 0.05）. Shell weight relative to egg weight（shell weight %）, and shell thickness was lowest in eggs from hens fed Flax（P 〈 0.05）. No difference was noted in Haugh unit, yolk：albumen ratio, and yolk weight. Significant increase in α-linolenic（18：3 n-3）, docosapentaenoic（22：5 n-3）and docoshexaenoic（22：6 n-3） acids were observed in egg yolk from hens fed Camelina and Flax. Total n-3 fatty acids constituted 1.19 % in Control eggs compared to 3.12 and 3.09 % in Camelina and Flax eggs, respectively（P 〈 0.05）. Eggs from hens fed Camelina and Flax had the higher Ig Y concentration than those hens fed Control diet when expressed on a mg/g of yolk basis（P 〈 0.05）. Although the egg weight was significantly lower in Camelina-fed hens, the total egg content of Ig Y was highest in eggs from hens fed Camelina（P 〈 0.05）.Conclusions： The egg n-3 fatty acid and Ig Y enhancing effect of dietary camelina seed warrants further attention into the potential of using camelina as a functional feed ingredient in poultry feeding.

关键词： Camelina seed Egg quality Flax seed Immunoglobulin Y n-3 fatty acids

Phenotypic variation in food utilization in an outbreak insect herbivore

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Insect Science 2018年第3期25卷 467-474页

作者： Roberto quezada-Garcia Alvaro Fuentealba Eric Bauce Faculté de Foresterie Géographie et Géomafique Département des Sciences du Bois et de la Forêt Centre d'Etude de la Forêt (CEF) Universite Laval Quebec City Quebec Canada

The effects of nutrition may have subtantial impact on insect evolution by shaping different components of phenotypes. The key to undestanding this evolutionary process is to know how nutritional condition affects additive and nonadditive components of the phenotype. However, this is poorly understood in outbreaking insects. We investigated the additive and nonadditive variation present in food utilization traits in spruce budworm individuals subjected to chronic nutritional stress. A total of 160 full-sib families of spruce budworm （Choristoneurafumiferana Clem.） were raised under laboratory condi- tions, feeding on 2 diets （high and low energy） during 3 generations. Variables tested were pupal mass, consumption rate （RCR）, growth rate （RGR）, approximate digestibility （Ad）, the efficiency of conversion of digested food （ECd） and the efficiency of conversion of ingested food （ECI）. Our results show that all traits tested presented a high percentage of nonadditive effects that modulate phenotype expression. We found a significant impact of family × diet interaction on pupal mass, RGR and ECd. Furthermore, these traits exhib- ited the greatest heritability. There was no evidence of presence of maternal effects. The results revealed that food utilization traits may evolve through epigenetics effects, such as phenotypic plasticity. This information can be used by modellers to improve forecast of spruce budworm population dynamics.

关键词： food utilization nutritional stress phenotypic plasticity spruce budworm

Cytokinin levels and signaling respond to wounding and the perception of herbivore elicitors in Nicotiana attenuata

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Journal of Integrative Plant Biology 2015年第2期57卷 198-212页

作者： Martin Sch?fer Ivan d. Meza-Canales Aura Navarro-quezada Christoph Brütting Radomira Vanková Ian T. Baldwin Stefan Meldau department of Molecular Ecology Max Planck Institute for Chemical Ecology Laboratory of Hormonal Regulations in Plants Institute of Experimental Botany AS CR German Centre for integrative Biodiversity Research (i div)

Nearly half a century ago insect herbivores were found to induce the formation of green islands by manipulating cytokinin （CK） levels. However, the response of the CK pathway to attack by chewing insect herbivores remains unclear. Here, we characterize the CK pathway of Nicotiana attenuata （Torr. ex S. Wats.） and its response to wounding and perception of herbivoreassociated molecular patterns （HAMPs）. We identified 44 genes involved in CK biosynthesis, inactivation, degradation, and signaling. Leaf wounding rapidly induced transcriptional changes in multiple genes throughout the pathway, as well as in the levels of CKs, including isopentenyladenosine and cis-zeatin riboside; perception of HAMPs present in the oral secretions （OS） of the specialist herbivore Manduca sexta amplified these responses. The jasmonate pathway, which triggers many herbivore-induced processes, was not required for these HAMP-triggered changes, but rather suppressed the CK responses. Interestingly CK pathway changes were observed also in systemic leaves in response to wounding and OS application indicating a role of CKs in mediating long distance systemic processes in response to herbivory. Since wounding and grasshopper OS elicited similar accumulations of CKs in Arabidopsis thaliana L., we propose that CKs are integral components of wounding and HAMP-triggered responses in many plant species.

关键词： Arabidopsis thaliana cytokinin herbivore-associated molecular patterns herbivory insect jasmonic acid Manduca sexta Nicotiana attenuata wounding

Paclobutrazol and Its Use in Fruit Production:A Review

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Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany 2022年第1期91卷 1-12页

作者： Laura Raquel Orozco-Meléndez Ofelia Adriana Hernández-Rodríguez Oscar Cruz-Álvarez Loreto Robles-Hernández Graciela dolores Avila-quezada Esteban Sánchez Chavez damiánAarón Porras-Flores dámaris Leopoldina Ojeda-Barrios Facultad de Ciencias Agrotecnológicas Universidad Autónoma de ChihuahuaAvenida Pascual OrozcoChihuahua31350México Centro de Investigación y desarrollo A.C. DeliciasChihuahua33089México

There are documentary records referring to paclobutrazol(PBZ)as a growth bioregulator that inhibits the gibberellin synthesis and its application increases yields in fruit and vegetable crop *** agronomic management includes it as an emerging technology to reduce vigour,promote flower induction and flower development in fruit trees with increased economic *** use is banned in some countries because of concerns about residues that can cause harmful effects on the ***,the aim of this article was to collect,analyse and summarise relevant information on the use of PBZ in fruit tree production and its possible risks to the *** results obtained indicated that the application of PBZ can be effective in solving some problems related to flowering if it is applied in the right amount and at the right ***,it is necessary to elucidate the physiological processes with which it is associated and its response to be taken into account to increase *** is currently used in fruit trees such as mango,lime,apple and guava,increasing their ***,some studies have shown its residual effect on the ***,PBZ is a viable strategy,because it presents a series of advantages in the production of fruit ***,it is vital to generate protocols that seek its regulation with a rational and sustainable approach.

关键词： Environment flower induction gibberellin biosynthesis growth bioregulator vegetative growth

Influence of Soil Physical Properties on Grapevine Yield and Maturity Components in an Ultic Palexeralf Soils, Central-Southern, Chile

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Open Journal of Soil Science 2014年第4期4卷 127-135页

作者： Celerino quezada Maria A. Soriano José díaz Ricardo Merino Alejandro Chandía Jorge Campos Marco Sandoval department of Agronomy University of Cordoba Cordoba Spain Faculty of Agronomy University of Concepcion Chillan Chile

The effects of soil physical properties on yield components, grape quality and grapevine yield cv. Cabernet Sauvignon in Ultic Palexeralf soils located in Central Southern Chile were assessed. The experimental design was completely randomized with three treatments of soil texture: clayey, sandy clay and clayey loam. The higher yield was obtained in the sandy clay and clayey loam soils. The increase of bulk density, penetration resistance and clay content decreased the number of clusters per vine, number of berries per cluster and grapevine yield. Soil texture had not effects on the yield of shoots, berry diameter and total acidity. However, soluble solids were higher in the clayey soil. Shoot orientation only had positive effects on the cluster weight, number of berries per cluster, and grapevine yield, being higher in the upward shoots. This research remarked the importance of soil physical properties on the selection of sites with viticultural aptitude.

关键词： Penetration Resistance Bulk density Vineyard Upward Shoots

Hydroethanolic extract of Smallanthus sonchifolius leaves improves hyperglycemia of streptozotocin induced neonatal diabetic rats

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine 2016年第5期9卷 420-424页

作者： Silmara Baroni Bruno Ambrosio da Rocha Juliana Oliveira de Melo Jurandir Fernando Comar Silvana Martins Caparroz-Assef Ciomar Aparecida Bersani-amado department of Pharmacology and Therapeutic State University of MaringaParanaBrazil department of Biochemistry State University of MaringaParanaBrazil

Objective: To evaluate the effect of hydroethanolic extract of yacon on the hyperglycemia induced by streptozotocin(STZ) in neonatal rats. Methods: Wistar rats aged two days old received an intraperitoneal injection of STZ(160 mg/kg); after seven weeks, glycosuria was determined and animals with glucose levels above 250 mg/d L were included in the study. Groups of diabetic and non-diabetic rats were treated orally with yacon extract at a dose of 400 mg/kg/d for 14 d. Tests were made for phytochemical characterization, glucose tolerance and toxicity. Results: The results showed that treatment with the extract reduced the glucose levels of fed diabetic rats and did not change the glucose levels of fasting diabetic and normal rats. Additionally, also it was observed that treatment with the extract reduced blood glucose levels of diabetic rats during the oral and intravenous glucose tolerance tests. There was no change in body weight, liver enzymes or mortality with yacon extract treatment. The phytochemical screening revealed the presence of caffeic acid, chlorogenic acid, ferulic acid and gallic acid. Conclusions: The data suggest that yacon extract reduces hyperglycemia, possibly by improving insulin sensibility through its phytochemicals constituents(phenolic compounds).

关键词： Yacon extract Hyperglycemia Insulin sensibility Streptozotocin

Oral pharmacological treatment for patent ductus arteriosus in premature neonates with hemodynamic repercussions

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine 2017年第11期10卷 1080-1083页

作者： Clarissa de Albuquerque Botura Bruno Ambrósio da Rocha Thiely Balensiefer Franciele Queiroz Ames Ciomar Aparecida Bersani-amado Roberto Kenji Nakamura Cuman department of Medicine Faculdade Uningá department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics State University of Maringá Hospital Pharmacy at Santa Rita Hospital

Objective: To evaluate the efficacy of oral indomethacin, ibuprofen, and paracetamol in oral dosage form on patent ductus arteriosus(PdA) in premature neonates with significant clinical and hemodynamic repercussions(CHRs) and to determine the effect of these respective treatments on renal ***: A retrospective study of cases of PdA in premature neonates in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit was conducted. The treatments consisted of indomethacin[0.2 mg/(kg$d), 3-day cycle], ibuprofen [10 mg/(kg$d) followed by 5 mg/(kg$d), 3-day cycle], and paracetamol(15 mg/kg every 6 h, 5-day cycle). The drugs were administered as an oral solution. The following variables were considered: gestational age,newborn weight at birth, Apgar score, diuresis, serum creatinine and urea levels, and serum electrolyte levels(sodium and potassium).Results: Treatment with indomethacin presented efficacy of 87.5% in closure of the ductus with a mean outcome period of 3.5 d. In premature neonates with CHRs and contraindications for indomethacin, the initial treatment with either ibuprofen or paracetamol failed to close the ductus. However, when this treatment was followed by indomethacin, closure occurred in 66.7% of the neonates, with an outcome period of9.66 d. The initial treatment with one cycle of ibuprofen followed by one or two cycles of paracetamol failed to close the ***: Oral indomethacin was effective for closure of the PdA in premature neonates with severe CHRs. Oral paracetamol or ibuprofen for PdA closure in premature neonates with severe CHRs and contraindications for indomethacin was ***, results in clinical improvements of neonates allowed the subsequent use of indomethacin and successful closure of the ductus. A significant reduction of diuresis occurred in neonates who were treated with indomethacin, either as a first-line treatment or after the failure of ibuprofen or paracetamol.

关键词： Patent ductus arteriosus Premature neonatal Indomethacin Ibuprofen Paracetamol

N-acetyl-L-cysteine combined with mesalamine in the treatment of ulcerative colitis: Randomized,placebo-controlled pilot study

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2008年第18期14卷 2851-2857页

作者： Luis G Guijarro Jose Mate Javier P Gisbert Jose Luis Perez-Calle Ignacio Marín-Jimenez Encarna Arriaza Tomás Olleros Mario delgado Maria S Castillejo david Prieto-Merino Venancio Gonzalez Lara amado Salvador Pea department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology CIBERehd Alcalá University Alcalá de Henares Madrid Spain Gastroenterology Unit CIBERehd La Princesa University Hospital Autonomous University Madrid Spain Gastroenterology Unit Gregorio Maraón University Hospital Complutense University Madrid Spain Group Farmasierra SL. Ctra N-Ⅱ Km 26.200 San Sebastián de los Reyes Madrid Spain Laboratory of Immunogenetics Department of Pathology VU University Medical Center Amsterdam The Netherlands

AIM: To evaluate the effectiveness and safety of oral N-acetyl-L-cysteine (NAC) co-administration with mesalamine in ulcerative colitis (UC) patients. METHOdS: Thirty seven patients with mild to moderate UC were randomized to receive a four-wk course of oral mesalamine (2.4 g/d) plus N-acetyl-L-cysteine (0.8 g/d) (group A) or mesalamine plus placebo (group B). Patients were monitored using the Modified Truelove-Witts Severity Index (MTWSI). The primary endpoint was clinical remission (MTWSI ≤ 2) at 4 wk. Secondary endpoints were clinical response (defined as a reduction from baseline in the MTWSI of ≥ 2 points) and drug safety. The serum TNF-α, interleukin-6, interleukin-8 and MCP-1 were evaluated at baseline and at 4 wk of treatment. RESULTS: Analysis per-protocol criteria showed clinical remission rates of 63% and 50% after 4 wk treatment with mesalamine plus N-acetyl-L-cysteine (group A) and mesalamine plus placebo (group B) respectively (OR = 1.71; 95% CI: 0.46 to 6.36; P = 0.19; NNT = 7.7). Analysis of variance (ANOVA) of data indicated a significant reduction of MTWSI in group A (P = 0.046) with respect to basal condition without significant changes in the group B (P = 0.735) during treatment. Clinical responses were 66% (group A) vs 44% (group B) after 4 wk of treatment (OR = 2.5; 95% CI: 0.64 to 9.65; P = 0.11; NNT = 4.5). Clinical improvement in group A correlated with a decrease of IL-8 and MCP-1. Rates of adverse events did not differ significantly between both groups. CONCLUSION: In group A (oral NAC combined with mesalamine) contrarily to group B (mesalamine alone), the clinical improvement correlates with a decrease of chemokines such as MCP-1 and IL-8. NAC addition not produced any side effects.

关键词： Ulcerative colitis Interleukin Mesalamine N-acetyl-L-cysteine

Can Improve Iron Biofortification Antioxidant Response,Yield and Nutritional Quality in Green Bean?

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Agricultural Sciences 2015年第11期6卷 1324-1332页

作者： Juan P.Sida-Arreola Esteban Sánchez Graciela d.Avila-quezada Paul B.Zamudio-Flores Carlos H.Acosta-Muniz Centro de Investigación en Alimentación y desarrollo ChihuahuaMéxico Facultad de Zootecnia y Ecología Universidad Autónoma de ChihuahuaChihuahuaMéxico

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of iron biofortification on antioxidant response, yield and nutritional qualityof green bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) under greenhouse conditions. Fe was applied using two forms (FeSO4 and Fe-EddHA) at four doses of application (0, 25, 50 and 100 μm) added under a hydroponic system, and were tested over a period of 40 days. The Fe content was assessed in seeds, as well as the activity of antioxidant enzymes, production of H2O2, yield and nutritional quality. The results being obtained indicated that the accumulation of Fe in bean seeds enhanced with the application of Fe-EddHA at the dose of 25 μm. This demonstrated that low Fe application dose was enough to increase Fe levels in seeds of common bean. In addition, Fe-EddHA application form at 50 μmol was the best treatment to improve crop yield. Respect to antioxidant system, chelated form of Fe (Fe-EddHA) was more effective in the activation of antioxidant enzymes (CAT, SOd and GSH-PX), and a lower content of H2O2 in green bean seeds. Finally, to raise the Fe concentration in bean under biofortification program was a promising strategy in cropping systems in order to increase the ingestion of iron and antioxidant capacity in the general population and provided the benefits that this element offered in human health.

关键词： Phaseolus vulgaris L. Antioxidant Activity Biofortification Iron Nutritional Quality