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Profile of SARS-CoV-2 Infected Patients Hospitalized at the Epidemic Treatment Center (ETC) in Saint-Louis, Senegal during the First Two Waves

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Advances in Infectious Diseases 2024年第2期14卷 322-337页

作者： Alassane Dièye Papa Latyr Junior Diouf Bourama Diémé Moustapha Diedhiou diatou dia-Gueye am.dou diop dia Samba Niang Ibrahima Louis Martin Dieng ameth Dieng Seynabou Lô Ndéye Méry dia-Badiane Health Sciences Training and Research Unit Gaston Berger University Saint-Louis Senegal Emergency Department of Regional Hospital Center Saint-Louis Senegal Department of Infectious and Tropical Diseases of Fann Dakar Senegal

Introduction: The SARS-CoV-2 infection is a major public health emergency. Several risk factors are involved in the occurrence of respiratory distress that can lead to death despite resuscitation measures. Objectives: The aim of this study was to describe the epidemiological, clinical, paraclinical, therapeutic, and evolution profile of patients infected with SARS-CoV-2 hospitalized at the CTE of Saint-Louis (Senegal) during the first two waves. Patients and Methods: We conducted a retrospective, cross-sectional, descriptive, and analytical study that included all patients hospitalized at the ETC of Saint-Louis (Senegal) with SARS-CoV-2 infection from March 2020 to April 2021. Results: A total of 358 cases were collected, 256 (71.5%) during the first wave and 102 (28.5%) during the second wave. The mean age was 49.5 years (19.5). There was a male predominance (58.4%), with a sex ratio of 1.4. Hypertension was the main comorbidity, with 87 cases (24.3%). The most common functional signs were cough in 194 cases (54.2%), dyspnea in 143 cases (40%) and ageusia in 134 cases (37.4%). Thoracic CT scans were performed on 20 patients (5.6%), with severe involvement (50% - 75%) observed in 50% of cases. Hydroxychloroquine-azithromycin was prescribed to 351 patients (98%). Overall, 338 (94.4%) recovered and 17 (4.7%) died. In multivariate analysis, factors associated with death were male sex [OR = 2.645;95% CI: 1.530 - 4.785;p = 0.011], age 60 years [OR = 1.039;95% CI: 0.564 - 1.914;p = 0.002], the presence of comorbidities [OR = 2.171;95% CI: 0.564 - 3.429;p = 0.033], SpO2 (ambient air) 95% [OR = 2.061;95% CI: 0.616 - 3.827;p = 0.03], acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) [OR = 0.635;95% CI: 0.316 - 1.275;p = 0.001], severe form [OR = 1.664;95% CI: 0.298 - 2.478;p = 0.016], occurrence of complications [OR = 0.521;95% CI: 0.287 - 0.944;p = 0.032], high creatinine levels [OR = 2.061;95% CI: 1.616 - 3.827;p = 0.026], and lymphopenia [OR = 0.485;95% CI: 0.370 - 0.636;p = 0.0

关键词： SARS-CoV-2 Saint-Louis Senegal

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COVID-19/Tuberculosis Co-Infection at the Epidemic Treatment Center (ETC) of Saint-Louis (Senegal): About 9 Cases

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Advances in Infectious Diseases 2024年第1期14卷 56-66页

作者： Alassane Dièye Moustapha Diedhiou Papa Latyr Junior Diouf Mba Bambo diakhaby Demba Makalou Samba Niang diatou dia-Gueye am.dou diop dia Ibrahima Louis Martin Dieng Seynabou Lô Ndéye Méry dia-Badiane Health Sciences Training and Research Unit Gaston Berger University Saint-Louis Senegal Department of Medicine Saint-Louis Regional Hospital Saint-Louis Senegal Infectious and Tropical Diseases Clinic of Fann Dakar Senegal

Introduction: COVID-19 is a global public health emergency that can cause acute respiratory distress syndrome. In countries where tuberculosis (TB) is endemic, coinfection of COVID-19 and TB is often encountered, which increases the risk of developing severe forms of COVID-19. Objectives: The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of COVID-19/TB coinfection at the Epidemic treatment center (ETC) in Saint-Louis (Senegal) and to describe the epidemiological, clinical, paraclinical, and outcome profile of co-infected patients. Patients and Methods: This is a retrospective, cross-sectional, descriptive cohort study based on the records of COVID-19/ TB co-infected patients who were hospitalized at the ETC in Saint-Louis (Senegal) over an 18-month period from March 2020 to September 2021. Results: Out of a total of 454 hospitalizations, we collected records of 9 patients co-infected with COVID-19/TB, resulting in a prevalence of 2%. The study included patients with a median age of 34 years (range: 10-86 years), with a male predominance (7 cases) and a sex ratio of 3.5. The majority of patients (88.9%) had severe forms of COVID-19. Dyspnea and cough were reported in all patients (100%). Pulmonary TB was the most frequent localization, with 9 cases. The diagnosis of COVID-19 was confirmed by nasopharyngeal PCR in all patients (100%). Bacilloscopy was positive in 3 out of 5 cases. One patient tested positive for GeneXpert? MTB/RIF without rifampicin resistance. All patients were prescribed the hydroxychloroquine-azithromycin combination and anti-tuberculosis treatment. Out of the nine patients, four recovered (44.4%) and five died (55.5%). Conclusion: COVID-19/TB coinfection had a low prevalence in our cohort, but was associated with a high mortality due to the frequent occurrence of severe forms of the disease.

关键词： COVID-19 Tuberculosis Saint-Louis Senegal

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Assessment of Satisfaction in the Reception and Emergency Department of a Health Center

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Open Journal of Epidemiology 2024年第2期14卷 284-296页

作者： Boubacar Gueye Martial Coly Bop NdéyeMarième diagne Cheikh Tacko diop Alioune Badara Tall Papa Gallo Sow Mountaga dia Abdoul Aziz Ndiaye Ousseynou Ka Training and Research Unit for Health and Sustainable Development Alioune Diop University of Bambeye Bambey Senegal Dakar Principal Hospital Dakar Senegal Health and Development Institute Cheikh Anta Diop University of Dakar Dakar Senegal

Introduction The main objective of any healthcare establishment must be to ensure the quality of patient care and customer satisfaction. It is necessary to regularly assess patient satisfaction. The aim of this study was to assess the level of satisfaction of customers aged over 18 years attending the emergency department of the health center. Methodology This was a descriptive and analytical cross-sectional study of patients aged 18 years and over, who attended the Samu Municipal emergency department between 02 and 30 May 2023. The satisfaction index was determined using the adapted 2009 SAPHORA-MCO questionnaire and the Likert satisfaction scale. Results A total of 400 patients were surveyed. The average age was 35 years, with a standard deviation of 14.7. Of those surveyed, 51% were women, 87% were educated, 50% lived in Grand Yoff and 59.5% were unemployed. Satisfaction levels linked to perception of the cost of care (72%), waiting time (64.3%), information given to patients (69.1%) and pain management (74 .5%) are fair. On the other hand, the levels of satisfaction linked to administrative procedures (82.5%), staff attitudes towards patients (84%), staff availability (86.4%), patient privacy (89.2%), general atmosphere (87.2%), staff competence (87.3%), and the effectiveness of care (89.4%) were satisfactory. The average waiting time was 38 minutes. However, 32% of patients waited less than 30 minutes and 92% less than an hour. The satisfaction index linked to administration and reception was 72.9% and 79.85%, respectively. The satisfaction index linked to the administration and technical quality of care is equal to 85.8% and 83.7%, respectively. The overall satisfaction index is equal to 80.6%;the level of satisfaction of users of the health structure is satisfactory. Conclusion Patient satisfaction is an essential part of quality care. Patient satisfaction must be based on effective communication from the healthcare team and the creation of a patient-caregive

关键词： Assessment Satisfaction Reception Ad Emergency Department Health Center

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Study of Factors Associated with Knowledge, Attitudes and Practices Regarding Rabies in the Commune of Niakhéne in Senegal, in 2022

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Open Journal of Epidemiology 2024年第1期14卷 180-197页

作者： Boubacar Gueye Martial Coly Bop Ndéye Marième diagne Khadija Barro Cheikh Tacko diop Alioune Badara Tall Papa Gallo Sow Mountaga dia Abdoul Aziz Ndiaye Ousseynou Ka Training and Research Unit for Health and Sustainable Development Alioune Diop University of Bambeye Bambeye Senegal Dakar Principal Hospital Dakar Senegal Health and Development Institute Cheikh Anta Diop University of Dakar Dakar Senegal

Introduction: Rabies is a serious disease, as it is always fatal, but it can be prevented by sero-vaccination. It is a neglected tropical disease endemic in Asia and Africa. The aim of this study was to assess knowledge, attitudes and practices regarding rabies and to determine the factors associated with them among people aged 18 and over in the commune of Niakhène. Methods: This was a cross-sectional, descriptive and analytical survey of subjects aged 18 and over living in the commune of Niakhène. A sample of 300 individuals was drawn from a two-stage cluster survey stratified by age and sex. Bivariate analysis was performed using association tests. Results: The mean age of respondents was 35.3 ± 16.9 years. It was noted that 67% (201) of respondents had a good knowledge of rabies. The results showed that 7.3% (22) of respondents owned a dog. Of the 278 people who did not own a dog, 78.4% (218) said they would have vaccinated their dog if they had had one. It should be noted that 83.7% (251) of respondents said they would go to a health facility if an animal bit them. None of the dog owners had vaccinated their dogs against rabies. Of the 41 people exposed to rabies, 39% went to a health facility. The age and education of the respondents had statistically significant associations with knowledge of rabies. Respondents’ age and education were statistically significantly related to whether they had vaccinated a domestic dog. The age, education and economic well-being quintile of respondents’ households had statistically significant associations with the use of a health facility in the event of being bitten or scratched by an animal vector. The education of respondents who had been bitten by an animal vector was statistically significantly associated with the use of a health facility. Conclusion: It would be imperative for human and animal health authorities to collaborate in a “One Health” approach in order to increase knowledge and promote the adoption of good pract

关键词： Rabies Knowledge Attitudes Practices Associated Factors Senegal

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Influence of Sea Level Pressure on Inter-Annual Rainfall Variability in Northern Senegal in the Context of Climate Change

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Atmospheric and Climate Sciences 2022年第1期12卷 113-131页

作者： Aichetou dia-diop Malick Wade Sinclaire Zebaze Abdoulaye Bouya diop Eric Efon Andre Lenouo Bouya diop Laboratoire des Sciences de l’Atmosphère et des Océans—Matériaux-énergie-Dispositifs (LSAO-MED) Université Gaston Berger Saint-Louis Sénégal Department of Physics Faculty of Science University of Yaoundé 1 Yaoundé Cameroon Department of Physics Faculty of Science University of Bamenda Bamenda Cameroon

This study examines the inter-annual variability of rainfall and Mean Sea Level Pressure (MSLP) over west Africa based on analysis of the Global Precipitation Climatology Project (GPCP) and National Center for Environmental Prediction/National Center for Atmospheric Research (NCEP/NCAR) Reanalysis respectively. An interconnection is found in this region, between Mean Sea Level Pressure (MSLP) anomaly (over Azores and St. Helena High) and monthly mean precipitation during summer (June to September: JJAS). We also found that over northern Senegal (15°N - 17°N;17°W - 13°W) the SLP to the north is strong;the wind converges at 200 hPa corresponding to the position of the African Easterly Jet (AEJ) the rotational wind 700 amily:"">amily:Verdana;">hPa (corresponding to the position of the African Easterly Jet (AEJ) coming fro

关键词： Global Precipitation Climatology Project (GPCP) West Africa monsoon Inter-Tropical Convergence Zone African Easterly Jet (AEJ) Tropical Easterly Jet (TEJ) Sea Level Pressure (SLP)

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Linear and Nonlinear Stokes Waves Theory: Numerical Hydrodynamic and Energy Studies

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Open Journal of Fluid Dynamics 2023年第1期13卷 61-79页

作者： Alpha Malick Ndiaye Fadel diop Samba dia Cheikh Mbow Laboratoire de Mécanique des Fluides et Transferts Département de Physique Faculté des Sciences et Techniques Université Cheikh Anta Diop (UCAD) Dakar Sénégal

The increase of wave energy in electricity production is an objective shared by many countries to meet growing demand and global warming. To analyze devices capable of converting the energy of sea waves into electrical energy, it is important to master the various theories of gravity waves and generation. We will in our work consider a numerical waves tank for an amplitude A=0.5, a wavelength λ=0.25 , an average height He=10 and a Froude number fixed at 1 × 105. Numerical wave channel analysis is used to reproduce the natural phenomenon of wave propagation in an experimental model. Wave makers are usually used to generate waves in the channel. In theory, the influence of an incident wave can be considered, as in the case of our study. In this study, the evolution of the hydrodynamic parameters and the energy transported in one wavelength can be determined by calculation. A change of variable will be done in this work to facilitate the writing of the boundary conditions at the free surface and at the bottom. The nonlinear Stokes theory will be studied in this case in order to provide hydrodynamic solutions through the Navier-Stokes equations to finally deduce the energetic results. To do this, the finite difference method will be used for the hydrodynamic results such as the velocity potential and the free surface elevation and the trapezium method of Newton for the energetic results. Thus, we will determine the energetic potential according to the decrease in the slope of the tank. To do this, we will take as values of beta representing the inverse of the slope of the tank, β=100, β=105, β=110 and β=105. .

关键词： Waves Tank Energy Waves Gravity Waves Navier-Stokes Numerical Nonlinear Stokes Theory

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Subacute Hyperthyroidism Induced by Treatment with Lithium Salts

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Open Journal of Biophysics 2023年第2期13卷 29-33页

作者： Serigne Moussa Badiane Kalidou Gueye am.dou diop dia am.dou Barro Biophysics and Nuclear Medicine Faculty of Health Sciences Gaston Berger University of Saint-Louis Senegal Department of Biophysics and Nuléaire Médicine Cheikh Anta Diop University Dakar Senegal ENT Department Cheikh Anta Diop University Dakar Senegal

Lithium treatment is usually indicated in bipolar disorder. It is associated with hypothyroidism and very rarely with hyperthyroidism. We report here the results of the exploration of a case of thyrotoxicosis occurring during treatment with lithium salts. This was a 16-year-old patient with ongoing lithium treatment for two and a half years who presented with a thyrotoxicosis syndrome without a context of iodine overload or an episode of anterior cervical pain that could suggest subacute thyroiditis or orthopathic sign. The assessment of the exploration of this patient reveals biological hyperthyroidism without anti-TSH receptor antibodies, a normal ultrasound, and white scintigraphy which makes it possible to evoke the diagnosis of subacute thyroiditis (absence of the context of iodine overload). Note the interest in a thyroid assessment before and during treatment with lithium salts. Moreover, scintigraphy occupies a place of choice in the exploration of hyperthyroidism, particularly in the context of normal thyroid ultrasound imaging.

关键词： Hyperthyroidism Lithium Scintigraphy

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Spatial and Temporal Distribution of Rainfall Breaks in Senegal

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american Journal of Climate Change 2021年第4期10卷 533-560页

作者： Bara Ndiaye Mahamat Adoum Moussa Malick Wade Abdoulaye Sy Abdoulaye Bouya diop Aichetou dia diop Bouya diop Aboubakary diakhaby Laboratoire des Sciences de l’Atmosphère et de Océans Matériaux énergie Dispositifs (LSAOMED) Saint-Louis Senegal

This study analyzes the spatio-temporal distribution of daily rainfall data from 13 stations in the country of Senegal located in the North-West of Africa. These data, covering the period 1950-2010, are extracted from the database of the Regional Study Center for the Improvement of Drought Adaptation (CERAAS). They allow to calculate, in each station, dry episodes and their sequences and the results reveal a latitudinal variability of class 1 breaks (1 - 3 days) with the highest values recorded in the south. Unlike the class 2 episodes (greater or equal than 15 days), the latitudinal gradient is less pronounced but they are more frequent in the north. For most of the regions studied, a break in the trend towards an increase in dry sequences can be noted, most often at the beginning of the 1970s, which coincides with the start of the great drought of the 1970s decade. For all sites, the frequency of dry episodes of class 1 (1 - 3 days) exceeds 70%. The frequency of class 2 of dry episodes (greater or equal than 15 days) decreased from 30% in 1951-1970 to 18% in 1991-2010 in the region of Thiès;from 25% in 1951-1970 to 20% in 1991-2010 in Louga;from 22% in 1951-1970 to 18% in 1991-2010 in Tamba;23% in 1951-1970 to 15% in 1991-2010 in Ziguinchor;25% in 1951-1970 to 16% in 1991-2010 in Kolda;22% in 1951-1970 to 18% in 1991-2010 in Diourbel and finally 20% in 1951-1970 to 17% in 1991-2010 in Fatick. Over the whole period of study, the spatial distribution of the number of dry periods in class 1 is higher in the South than in the Center and in the North of Senegal. For class 2 breaks, the latitudinal gradient is less pronounced and the minimum number of dry periods in this class is recorded in the south, especially in Ziguinchor. However, the maximum is observed in the Center. In the Northern region (Saint-Louis), classes 3 and 4 are much more frequent. This spatial variability of rainfall breaks is clearly associated with the rainfall gradient between the North and the S

关键词： Rainfall Rainfall Breaks Great Drought Senegal Consecutive Dry Days

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COVID-19/Tuberculosis Co-Infection at the Epidemic Treatment Center (ETC) of Saint-Louis (Senegal): About 9 Cases

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Advances in Infectious Diseases（传染病进展） 2024年第1期 56页

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Profile of SARS-CoV-2 Infected Patients Hospitalized at the Epidemic Treatment Center (ETC) in Saint-Louis, Senegal during the First Two Waves

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Advances in Infectious Diseases（传染病进展） 2024年第2期 322页

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