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Insect Science 2011年第2期18卷 195-202页

作者： alvin m. Simmons Shaaban Abd-Rabou USDA ARS U.S. Vegetable Laboratory Charleston South Carolina ARc PPRI Dokki Giza Egypt

the sweetpotato whitefly, Bemisia tabaci （Gennadius）（Hemiptera： Aleyrodidae）, is a global pest on numerous crops, including vegetables. Weekly inundative releases of a coccinellid predator （coccinella undecimpunctata L. [coleoptera： coccinellidae]）, a common green lacewing predator （chrysoperla carnea Stephen [Neuroptera： chrysopidae]）, and a mirid predator （macrolophus caliginosus [Wagner] [Hemiptera： miridae]） were independently made in three vegetable crops （cabbage [Brassica oleracea var. capitata L.], cucumber [cucumis sativus L.], and squash [cucurbita pepo L.]） for the management of the sweetpotato whitefly. Approximately 1 million to 2.5 million larvae or nymphs of each predator were released in the vegetable crops during 20 weeks. Whitefly populations were reduced by ≈ 25%-45% during most of the season in each crop where each predator was released. the effect of each predator was similar on whitefly population reduction. Late in the season （October） when whitefly populations were low, generally no benefit was obtained from releasing the predators. Numbers of predators recovered during sampling in all crops were greatest for c. carnea, but this corresponded with the fact that more individuals of this predator were released than any other predator in the experiment. these results help define the utility of these natural enemies for managing B. tabaci in vegetable crops.

关键词： Bemisia tabaci chrysoperla carnea coccinella undecimpunctata macrolophus caliginosus inundative release sweetpotato whitefly

ULtRASHORt PULSE mULtISPEctRAL NON-LINEAR OPtIcAL mIcROScOPY

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Journal of Innovative Optical Health Sciences 2009年第1期2卷 27-35页

作者： ADAm m.LARSON ANtHONY LEE PO-FEng LEE KAYLA J.BAYLESS alvin t.YEH Department of Biomedical Engineering texas A&m University college Station TexasUSA Department of molecular and cellular medicine texas A&m Health Science center college Station TexasUSA

Ultrashort pulse,multispectral non-linear optical microscopy(NLOm)is developed and used to image,simultaneously,a mixed population of cells expressing different fluorescent protein mutants in a 3D tissue model of ***,sub-10-fs pulses are used to excite multiple fluorescent proteins and generate second harmonic in collagen.A 16-channel multispectral detector is used to delineate the multiple non-linear optical signals,pixel by pixel,in *** ability to image multiple fluorescent protein mutants and collagen,enables serial measurements of cell-cell and cell-matrix interactions in our 3D tissue model and characterization of fundamental processes in angiogenic morphogenesis.

关键词： two-photon excited fluorescence second harmonic generation multiple molecular imaging angiogenesis

Number of holes and blades to control the performance of aquaculture aerator

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Aquaculture and Fisheries 2023年第6期8卷 672-680页

作者： Ridwan Rudi Irawan m.alvin mubarok Department of mechanical Engineering Gunadarma UniversityJalan Margonda RayaNo 100DepokWest Java16424Indonesia

Water quality determines the success of inland *** factor determining water quality is the concentration of dissolved oxygen(DO).to find effective paddlewheel aerators to enhance DO concentration,nine model aerators were examined:aerator 4 blades,6 blades and 8 blades with variations of 12 holes per blade,16 holes per blade and 20 holes per *** were rotated at 80 RPm,100 RPm,120 RPm and 140 *** results show the higher the rotation speed is,the bigger the increment of DO concentration is,but their relationship is not *** is a condition when increasing rotation does not affect the DO concentration *** results also indicate the greater number of blades increase more DO *** results also suggest the greater number of holes per blade initially increase DO concentration increment,but after 16 holes the increment tends to *** is predicted owing to that widening surface interaction due to the holes in the blade is taken over by reducing the volume of splashed *** this research,likely the aerator with 8 blades,16 holes per blade and rotated at 120 RPm is the optimum one to increase DO ***,if the energy consumption is also the concern,the aerator with 6 blades and 16 holes per blade likely is the better choice.

关键词： Aerator Blade Aeration process Aquaculture Aquatic animal Dissolved oxygen

A review of neutral pH polymer electrolytes for electrochemical capacitors:transitioning from liquid to solid devices

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materials Reports(Energy) 2021年第1期1卷 26-44页

作者： alvin Virya Keryn Lian Department of materials Science&Engineering University of TorontoTorontoOntarioM5S 3E4Canada

the development of neutral pH polymer electrolytes has enabled high-performance solid-state,thin,and flexible electrochemical capacitors(Ecs)to provide power for future consumer electronics and Internet-of-thing *** their promising prospect,there is still some lack of understandings or disconnections from fundamental science to practical applications of these *** this review,we provide an overview of stateof-the-art studies on Ecs with neutral pH electrolytes in both liquid and solid *** from the fundamental studies on the voltage window and ion conduction of salt species in liquid solution to polymer electrolytes,key considerations in developing neutral pH polymer electrolytes are *** performance of the polymer electrolytes along with their enabled solid symmetric and asymmetric Ec devices,as well as some enhanced functionalities are *** future directions for research on neutral pH polymer electrolytes are proposed,expected to provide reference for further enriching the fundamental knowledge and improving the device performances.

关键词： Electrochemical capacitor Supercapacitor Electrolyte Neutral pH Aqueous-based electrolyte Polymer electrolyte Solid-state device Flexible device

testicular fine-needle aspiration for the assessmen＇ of intratesticular hormone concentrations

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2016年第1期18卷 21-24页

作者： Ada P Lee mara Y Roth Jean-Jacques Nya-ngatchou Kat Lin thomas J Walsh Stephanie t Page alvin m matsumoto William J Bremner John K Amory Bradley D Anawalt Department of medicine University of California San Francisco San Francisco CA USA Department of medicine and center for Research in Reproduction and contraception University of Washington Seattle WA USA Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology University of Washington Seattle WA USA Department of Urology University of Washington Seattle WA USA Department of medicine Geriatric Research Education and Clinical Center VA Puget Sound Health Care System Seattle WA USA.

measurement of intratesticular sex steroid concentrations in men informs both the development of male hormonal contraceptives and the understanding of male infertility. Given the challenges of using invasive techniques to measure testicular hormone physiology, our group has used a minimally-invasive fine-needle aspiration technique to measure intratesticular hormones in normal healthy men. Herein, we present a post-hoc analysis of the safety and efficacy of testicular fine-needle aspiration （FNA） completed as part of six clinical trials. From 2001 through 2011, a total of 404 procedures were conducted among 163 research volunteers, 85.9% of which were successful in obtaining sufficient fluid for the measurement of intratesticular steroid concentrations. Pain was the most common side effect, with 36.8% of procedures associated with moderate procedural pain and 4.7% with severe procedural pain. Postprocedural pain was uncommon and abated within a few days. mild local bruising occurred with 14.9% of procedures. two serious adverse events （0.5%） required surgical intervention. the risk of an adverse event was not associated with age, body mass index, testicular size, or the volume of fluid aspirated. testicular FNA to obtain fluid for measurement of intratesticular steroid concentrations frequently causes mild to moderate procedural pain, but serious adverse events occur rarely. testicular FNA has been instrumental for defining human intratesticular hormone physiology and is a minimally-invasive, safe, effective method for obtaining fluid for research on testicular physiology and pathology.

关键词： male contraception physiology reproductive and urinary testis

Progranulin promotes neurite outgrowth and neuronal differentiation by regulating GSK-3β

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Protein & cell 2010年第6期1卷 552-562页

作者： Xue Gao alvin P.Joselin Lei Wang Amar Kar Payal Ray Andrew Bateman Alison m.Goate Jane Y.Wu Department of Neurology Lurie Cancer CenterCenter for Genetic Medicine Northwestern University Feinberg School of MedicineChicagoIL 60611USA Division of Experimental medicine McGill Universityand Endocrine Research LaboratoryRoyal Victoria HospitalMontréalQuébecCanada Department of Psychiatry Washington University School of MedicineSt.LouisMO 63110USA Present address:cellular and molecular medicine University of OttawaOntarioCanada

Progranulin(PGRN)has recently emerged as a key player in a subset of frontotemporal dementias(FtD).Numerous mutations in the progranulin gene have been identified in patients with familial or sporadic frontotemporal lobar degeneration(FtLD).In order to understand the molecular mechanisms by which PGRN deficiency leads to FtLD,we examined activity of PGRN in mouse cortical and hippocampal neurons and in human neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y *** of mouse neurons with PGRN protein resulted in an increase in neurite outgrowth,supporting the role of PGRN as a neurotrophic *** treatment stimulated phosphorylation of glycogen synthase kinase-3 beta(GSK-3β)in cultured *** of PGRN in SH-SY5Y cells impaired retinoic acid induced differentiation and reduced the level of phosphorylated GSK-3β.PGRN knockdown cells were also more sensitized to staurosporineinduced *** results reveal an important role of PGRN in neurite outgrowth and involvement of GSK-3βin mediating PGRN *** of GSK-3βactivation as a downstream event for PGRN signaling provides a mechanistic explanation for PGRN activity in the nervous *** work also suggest that loss of axonal growth stimulation during neural injury repair or deficits in axonal repair may contribute to neuronal damage or axonal loss in FtLD associated with PGRN ***,our study suggests that modulating GSK-3βor similar signaling events may provide therapeutic benefits for FtLD cases associated with PGRN mutations.

关键词： progranulin frontotemporal lobar degeneration glycogen synthase kinase 3 beta(GSK-3β) neurite outgrowth

Radiofrequency electric-field heating behaviors of highly enriched semiconducting and metallic single-walled carbon nanotubes

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Nano Research 2015年第9期8卷 2859-2870页

作者： Stuart J. corr mustafa Raoof Brandon t. cisneros alvin W. Orbaek matthew A. cheney Justin J. Law Nadia c. Lara Andrew R. Barron Lon J. Wilsor Steven A. curley Division of Surgery Baylor College of Medicine Houston TX 77030 USA Department of Surgical Oncology University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center Houston TX 77030 USA Department of chemistry and the Richard E. Smalley Institute for Nanoscale Science and technology Rice University Houston TX 77005 USA Department of Surgery The University of Arizona College of Medicine Tucson AZ 85724 USA Department of chemistry and Biochemistry University of California San Diego La Jolla CA 92093 USA college of Engineering Swansea University Singleton Park Swansea SA2 8PP Wales UK Department of mechanical Engineering and materials Science Rice University Houston TX 77005 USA

It is theorized that enhanced thermal heating may result from exposing single-walled carbon nanotubes （SWNts） embedded in a conductive host to radiofrequency （RF） electric fields. We examine the RF-induced （13.56 mHz） heating behaviors of 95% metallic- and semiconducting-enriched SWNts （m-/s-SWNts） suspended in aqueous solutions with varying Nac1 molarity （0.001 mm-1 m）. the heating effects were only evident for host molarities below 1 mm （equivalent to 0.1 S/m） at which the s-SWNt heating rates dominated those of the m-SWNts. the heating effects were localized to aligned and aggregated ＂SWNt ropes＂ -1 cm in length that formed in suspension, parallel to the electric-field vector, during the RF exposure. For molarities above 1 mm, no enhancements were evident, owing to the large heating effects of the bulk ionic Nac1 suspensions, which were observed in previous studies. Although larger enhancement effects proportional to the host conductivity have been theoretically predicted for m-/s-SWNt suspensions, this was not observed most likely because of the aggregation and screening effects, which diminished the scattered electric field near the m-/s-SWNts. Our research may further the development of better nanoparticle heating agents for applications such as non-invasive RF-induced cancer hyperthermia.

关键词： rad.iofrequency,carbon nanotubes,metallic,semiconducting,hyperthermia

Spatial Distribution of Black Soot and Its Health Effects in Port Harcourt metropolis, Nigeria

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Journal of Environmental & Earth Sciences 2022年第1期4卷 32-46页

作者： miebaka Oriasi Eteh Desmond Rowland Ayowei alvin Harry University of Port Harcourt River StateNigeria Niger Delta University Wilberforce IslandAmassomaBayelsa StateNigeria University of Salford LondonUK

this research presents a novel approach to assessing the health implications of black soot using a miniVol air *** miniVol air sampler was used to collect Pm from the ambient air at six monitoring sites in Port Harcourt,*** was conducted every day for seven days,for a period of 24 ***_(2.5) concentrations at Uniport Junction,GRA Junction,Slaughter Roundabout,Abuloma Jetty,Rumuomasi Roundabout,and New Road Borokiri were 38.6 g/m^(3),28.3 g/m^(3),93.7 g/m^(3),72.9 g/m^(3),30.6 g/m^(3),and 31.3 g/m^(3),***_(10) concentrations ranged from 71.2 g/m^(3) to 60.6 g/m^(3),with 103.3 g/m^(3),85.5 g/m^(3),40.1 g/m^(3),and 35.2 g/m^(3) being the *** level of Pm_(2.5) and Pm_(10) pollution in the ambient air was high across the six sampling sites,with mean Pm_(2.5) and Pm_(10) concentrations exceeding the WHO(2011)*** flame atomic absorption spectrometry(FAAS)technique was *** presence of heavy metals,such as mean metal concentrations of lead,cadmium,chromium,mercury,and nickel,ranged from 0.009 g/m^(3)-0.532 g/m^(3),0.002 g/m^(3)-0.544 g/m^(3),0.002 g/m^(3)-0.338 g/m^(3),0.001 g/m^(3),and 0.001 g/m^(3)-0.432 g/m^(3),across the six sampling *** Gc-mS was used to determine the presence of PAHs in particulate *** results revealed a strong positive correlation between Pm_(2.5) and Pm_(10).the findings also revealed a positive relationship between the metals as well as between the metals and PAHs,resulting in asthma,lung cancer,breathing difficulties,and miscarriages among pregnant women,which have affected the health implications of the people living in the environment.

关键词： Black soot Port harcourt Air polluion WHO Pm_(2.5) Pm_(10) PAHs

comparison of three Single-Nozzle Operator-carried Spray Applicators for Whitefly (<i>Bemisia tabaci</i>) management on Squash

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Agricultural Sciences 2015年第11期6卷 1381-1386页

作者： alvin m. Simmons Shaaban Abd-Rabou mohammed Hindy U.S. Vegetable Laboratory United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) Agricultural Research Service Charleston SC USA Whiteflies Unit Scale Insects and Mealybugs Department Egyptian Ministry of Agriculture and Land Reclamation Agricultural Research Center Plant Protection Research Institute Giza Egypt Spray technology Research Department Egyptian Ministry of Agriculture and Land Reclamation Agricultural Research Center Plant Protection Research Institute Giza Egypt

Whiteflies cause problems in vegetable production on a global scale. the primary worldwide whitefly pest is Bemisia tabaci (Gennadius). Insecticides are commonly used to mitigate the whitefly problem in vegetable crops. In limited-resource crop production, operator-carried spray applicators are commonly used for pesticide treatments. three single-nozzle operator-carried spray applicators were assessed for their efficacies for whitefly (B. tabaci) control on summer squash (cucurbita pepo L.) in Egypt. Each knapsack spray equipment was evaluated with five biorational and conventional insecticides. counts of whitefly nymphs (first, second, third and fourth instars) on leaf samples were taken on 3, 9, 15 and 21 days after treatments with the insecticides. Nymphal mortality varied about 10% among the three spray equipment treatments. the Economy micro Ulva sprayer resulted in significantly more nymphal mortality as compared with the Arimitsu sprayer and the cZP-3 sprayer, respectively. All insecticides greatly suppressed the whitefly populations;mean mortality ranged from 73% to 95% for all nymphs combined by day for a given treatment. these results provide pest management practitioners with performance assessment of the three operator-carried pesticide applicators for whitefly management with selected foliar insecticides.

关键词： Bemisia tabaci Vegetable Portable Pesticide Applicator Pest management Limited-Resource Producer

Effects of a Foliar Neem Formulation on colonization and mortality of Whiteflies (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae) on collard Plants

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Agricultural Sciences 2016年第11期7卷 771-782页

作者： Dana Krzyzaniak alvin m. Simmons B. merle Shepard Academic magnet High School North Charleston SC USA School of chemical and Biomolecular Engineering Georgia Institute of Technology Atlanta GA USA USDA-ARS U.S. Vegetable Laboratory Charleston SC USA coastal Research and Education center Clemson University Charleston SC USA

A study was conducted to determine the effects of foliar sprays of a selected neem (Azadirachta indica A. Juss) product (GOS Neem 7-Way) on colonization and development by the middle-East Asia minor-1 (= B-biotype sweetpotato whitefly) Bemisia tabaci (Gennadius) on collard (Brassica oleracea variety acephala de condolle) plants. GOS Neem 7-Way is marketed for use as an insecticide in organic and conventional crop production. caged choice, caged no-choice, and Y-tube olfactometer assays were conducted on oviposition, survival and adult behavioral response to plant treatment with 1.25% azadiractin. In the caged choice experiment, colonization by the whiteflies was reduced and fewer eggs were deposited on neem-treated plants as compared with control plants (only treated with an adjuvant). Similarly, decreased numbers of adult whiteflies and reduced whitefly development were observed in no-choice assays for the neem-treatment, as compared with the untreated control. Both horizontal and vertical-orientated Y-tube olfactometer assays provided complementarily assessments that the neem had a repellency effect on the adult whiteflies. However, the repellency effect primarily dissipated within one day post treatment. Overall, the greatest benefit of the neem treatment appears to have been on whitefly mortality. the findings may be useful in providing a more ecologically sound way to manage populations of the B. tabaci whitefly in organic vegetable production.

关键词： Bemisia tabaci Vegetable Biorational Sustainability Azadiractin