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Phenotypic variation in food utilization in an outbreak insect herbivore

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Insect Science 2018年第3期25卷 467-474页

作者： Roberto Quezada-Garcia alvaro Fuentealba Eric Bauce Faculté de Foresterie Géographie et Géomafique Département des Sciences du Bois et de la Forêt Centre d'Etude de la Forêt (CEF) Universite Laval Quebec City Quebec Canada

The effects of nutrition may have subtantial impact on insect evolution by shaping different components of phenotypes. The key to undestanding this evolutionary process is to know how nutritional condition affects additive and nonadditive components of the phenotype. However, this is poorly understood in outbreaking insects. We investigated the additive and nonadditive variation present in food utilization traits in spruce budworm individuals subjected to chronic nutritional stress. A total of 160 full-sib families of spruce budworm （Choristoneurafumiferana Clem.） were raised under laboratory condi- tions, feeding on 2 diets （high and low energy） during 3 generations. Variables tested were pupal mass, consumption rate （RCR）, growth rate （RGR）, approximate digestibility （AD）, the efficiency of conversion of digested food （ECD） and the efficiency of conversion of ingested food （ECI）. Our results show that all traits tested presented a high percentage of nonadditive effects that modulate phenotype expression. We found a significant impact of family × diet interaction on pupal mass, RGR and ECD. Furthermore, these traits exhib- ited the greatest heritability. There was no evidence of presence of maternal effects. The results revealed that food utilization traits may evolve through epigenetics effects, such as phenotypic plasticity. This information can be used by modellers to improve forecast of spruce budworm population dynamics.

关键词： food utilization nutritional stress phenotypic plasticity spruce budworm

Outcomes in spasticity after repetitive transcranial magnetic and transcranial direct current stimulations

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Neural Regeneration Research 2014年第7期9卷 712-718页

作者： Aysegul Gunduz Hatice Kumru alvaro Pascual-leone Department of Neurology Cerrahpasa School of Medicine Istanbul University Institut Guttmann Institut Universitari de Neurorehabilitació adscrit a la UAB Universitat Autonoma de Barcelona Fundació Institut d’Investigació en Ciències de la Salut Germans Trias i Pujol Badalona Berenson-Allen Center for Noninvasive Brain Stimulation Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Harvard Medical School

Non-invasive brain stimulations mainly consist of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation and transcranial direct current stimulation. Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation exhib- its satisfactory outcomes in improving multiple sclerosis, stroke, spinal cord injury and cerebral palsy-induced spasticity. By contrast, transcranial direct current stimulation has only been studied in post-stroke spasticity. To better validate the efficacy of non-invasive brain stimulations in im- proving the spasticity post-stroke, more prospective cohort studies involving large sample sizes are needed.

关键词： reviews muscle spasticity motor cortex transcranial magnetic stimulation transcranialdirect current stimulation central nervous system stroke

large-Scale Group Decision Making:A Systematic Review and a Critical Analysis

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IEEE/CAA Journal of Automatica Sinica 2022年第6期9卷 949-966页

作者： Diego García-Zamora alvaro labella Weiping Ding Rosa M.Rodríguez luis Martínez Department of Computer Science University of JaénJaén 23071Spain IEEE School of Information Science and Technology Nantong UniversityNantong 226019China

The society in the digital transformation era demands new decision schemes such as e-democracy or based on social media.Such novel decision schemes require the participation of many experts/decision makers/stakeholders in the decision processes.As a result,large-scale group decision making(lSGDM)has attracted the attention of many researchers in the last decade and many studies have been conducted in order to face the challenges associated with the topic.Therefore,this paper aims at reviewing the most relevant studies about lSGDM,identifying the most profitable research trends and analyzing them from a critical point of view.To do so,the Web of Science database has been consulted by using different searches.From these results a total of 241 contributions were found and a selection process regarding language,type of contribution and actual relation with the studied topic was then carried out.The 87 contributions finally selected for this review have been analyzed from four points of view that have been highly remarked in the topic,such as the preference structure in which decision-makers’opinions are modeled,the group decision rules used to define the decision making process,the techniques applied to verify the quality of these models and their applications to real world problems solving.Afterwards,a critical analysis of the main limitations of the existing proposals is developed.Finally,taking into account these limitations,new research lines for lSGDM are proposed and the main challenges are stressed out.

关键词： Challenges large-scale consensus models large-scale group decision making(lSGDM) systematic review

The cold-induced factor CBF3 mediates root stem cell activity,regeneration,and developmental responses to cold

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Plant Communications 2023年第6期4卷 197-211页

作者： Pablo Perez-Garcia Ornella Pucciariello alvaro Sanchez-Corrionero Javier Cabrera Cristina del Barrio Juan Carlos del Pozo Mariano Perales Krzysztof Wabnik Miguel A.Moreno-Risueno Centro de Biotecnologíay Genómica de Plantas(Universidad Politécnica de Madrid(UPM)–Instituto Nacional de Investigacióny Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria–CSIC(INIA-CSIC)) MadridSpain

Plant growth and development involve the specification and regeneration of stem cell niches(SCNs).Although plants are exposed to disparate environmental conditions,how environmental cues affect developmental programs and stem cells is not well understood.Root stem cells are accommodated in meristems in SCNs around the quiescent center(QC),which maintains their activity.Using a combination of genetics and confocal microscopy to trace morphological defects and correlate them with changes in gene expression and protein levels,we show that the cold-induced transcription factor(TF)C-REPEAT BINDING FACTOR 3(CBF3),which has previously been associated with cold acclimation,regulates root development,stem cell activity,and regeneration.CBF3 is integrated into the SHORT-ROOT(SHR)regulatory network,forming a feedback loop that maintains SHR expression.CBF3 is primarily expressed in the root endodermis,whereas the CBF3 protein is localized to other meristematic tissues,including root SCNs.Complementation of cbf3-1 using a wild-type CBF3 gene and a CBF3 fusion with reduced mobility show that CBF3 movement capacity is required for SCN patterning and regulates root growth.Notably,cold induces CBF3,affecting QC activity.Furthermore,exposure to moderate cold around 10℃–12℃promotes root regeneration and QC respecification in a CBF3-dependent manner during the recuperation period.By contrast,CBF3 does not appear to regulate stem cell survival,which has been associated with recuperation from more acute cold(-4℃).We propose a role for CBF3 in mediating the molecular interrelationships among the cold response,stem cell activity,and development.

关键词： stem cells regeneration organ patterning protein movement cell fate low temperature

Foraging, feeding, and physiological stress responses of wild wood mice to increased illumination and common genet cues

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Current Zoology 2018年第4期64卷 409-417页

作者： alvaro NAVARRO-CASTIllA Isabel BARJA Mario DíAZ Department of Biology Faculty of Sciences Universidad Autónoma de Madrid C/Darwin 2 Campus Universitario de Cantolanco Madrid 28049 Spain Department of Biogeography and Global Change Museo Nacional de Ciencias Naturales CSIC Madrid 28006 Spain

In nature, animals are exposed to a broad range of threats imposed by predators, which may strongly influence the ecology of prey species directly or indirectly by affecting their behavior via fear of predation. Here, we studied wood mice behavioral and physiological responses to simulated predation risk. Risk avoidance was analyzed by live trapping with control traps and traps treated with feces of common genet (direct cue of risk) under new moon nights and following by simulated full moon conditions (indirect cue). The time devoted to foraging behavior and capture time were analyzed by video recording mice activity around traps. Food intake was calculated based on the amount of bait remaining in each trap. Fecal corticosterone metabolites (FCMs) were measured by enzyme-immunoassay as indicators of physiological stress responses. Fewer wood mice were captured during full moon, yet only non-breeding adult males clearly avoided common genet odor. Mice were captured sooner at night during the simulated full moon conditions and later in predator-treated traps. Foraging activity was lower when individuals faced predator's feces, but neither food intake nor FCM levels were affected by predation risk cues. Direct and indirect cues of predation risk selectively affected wood mice behavior, although behavioral responses seem to be modulated by different costs-benefit balances related to the individual's perception of risk. The lack of physiological responses to predation risk cues suggests that wood mice did not perceive them as reliable stressors or the response was too small or transient to be measured by FCM.

关键词：老鼠生理压力个人风险食肉动物猫麝照明

Modeling unmanned aerial vehicle system for identifying foci of arboviral disease with monitoring system

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International Journal of Modeling, Simulation, and Scientific Computing 2022年第3期13卷 98-120页

作者： John David S.Belem Hidalyn Theodory C.M.Souza alvaro Sobrinho lenardo Chaves E.Silva Helder Fernando De Araujo Oliveira Federal Rural University of the Semiarid BR-233s/n Cara´ubasRio Grande do Norte 59780-000Brazil Federal Rural University of the Semiarid BR-226s/n Pau dos FerrosRio Grande do Norte 59900-000Brazil Federal University of the Agreste of Pernambuco Avenida Bom Pastor s/nGaranhuns Pernambuco 55292-270Brazil

People who live in low-income and hard-to-reach regions are usually the most affected ones by high incidences of arboviral diseases,increasing morbidity and mortality rates,and public health costs.We present the modeling of hardware and software components of an unmanned aerial vehicle(UAV)system by mathematical tools,focusing on monitoring foci of arboviral diseases transmitted by Aedes aegypti mosquito,e.g.,Zika,Chikungunya,and Dengue.We used restriction equations and the colored Petri nets formal modeling language to represent the flight dynamics and the software components of the system,respectively.We evaluated the specification of desired behaviors of the monitoring system using simulations and the model checking technique.The results showed the completeness and correctness of the specification.The design of such a system is challenging due to the potential risks to people and the environment.Therefore,this study provides insights into the development of an UAV system for such an application scenario.The monitoring system has the potential of improving the efficiency in identifying foci of arboviral diseases.

关键词： System modeling unmanned aerial vehicle colored Petri nets flight dynamics arboviral diseases

Intelligent collision risk detection in medium-sized cities of developing countries,using naturalistic driving:A review

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Journal of Traffic and Transportation Engineering(English Edition) 2022年第6期9卷 912-929页

作者： Juan Jose Paredes Santiago Felipe Yepes Ricardo Salazar-Cabrera alvaro Pachon dela Cruz Juan Manuel Madrid Molina Telematics Engineering Research Group(GIT) Telematics DepartmentUniversidad Del CaucaPopayanColombia Information Technology and Telecommunications Research Group(12T) Universidad IcesiCaliColombia

Traffic accidents are one of the most serious problems worldwide,being one of the leading causes of death and economic loss in the world.low-and middle-income countries,mainly their medium-sized cities,are among the most affected by this problem.93%of traffic accidents occur in low and middle-income countries,even though these countries have approximately 60%of the world’s vehicles.This occurs mainly because in these types of countries,especially in medium-sized cities(target context),there are no ideal conditions for driving,such as adequate road infrastructure,good condition of vehicles,and rigorous safety policies.Advanced data analysis techniques including machine learning(Ml)have increasingly been used to solve this problem.Naturalistic driving(ND)can be applied as a data collection method that provides information on traffic accidents.ND commonly uses a vehicle’s kinematic data to detect high-risk driving behaviors that could cause an accident.The objectives of this document are to present a review of different alternatives that help in data collection and creation of intelligent solutions related to detection of possible traffic accidents,principally using ND;and to propose an intelligent collision risk detection system(ICRDS)for identification of areas with a high probability of TA in the target context.Through the review,it was possible to analyze and evaluate the devices,variables and algorithms that help characterize a risk event in driving,considering the target context.The development of a prototype of an ICRDS for a medium-sized city in a developing country is considered viable,considering the identified components,with the aim of identifying risk events in driving,and areas of high probability of accidents in the city.

关键词： Naturalistic driving Near-crash Traffic accident Vehicle data collection

Clinical outcomes and complications of single anastomosis duodenal-ileal bypass with sleeve gastrectomy:A 2-year follow-up study in Bogotá,Colombia

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2023年第21期11卷 5035-5046页

作者： Andres Ospina Jaramillo Angie Carolina Riscanevo Bobadilla Mariana Ospina Espinosa alvaro Valencia Humberto Jiménez Maria del Pilar Montilla Velásquez Maria Bastidas Department of General Surgery Clínica Reina SofiaColsanitasBogotáD.C 110151Colombia Department of General Surgery Fundación Universitaria SanitasBogotáD.C 11162Colombia Department of General Surgery Universidad del RosarioBogotá110151Colombia Department of Epidemiology Fundación Universitaria SanitasBogotá110151Colombia

BACKGROUND The global prevalence of obesity has increased over the past 40 years,and bariatric surgery has proven to be the most effective therapy for long-term weight loss.Its principles are based on modifying the brain-gut axis by altering the gastrointestinal anatomy and affecting the function of gastrointestinal hormones,thereby modifying satiety signals.Single anastomosis duodeno-ileal bypass with sleeve gastrectomy(SADI-S)combines both techniques and has become an alternative to gastric bypass and biliopancreatic diversion procedures for treating severe obesity and associated metabolic diseases in selected patients.AIM To describe the outcomes and complications of SADI-S.METHODS We retrospectively analyzed the data of patients who underwent SADI-S laparoscopically at the Clínica Reina Sofía in Bogotá,Colombia.This study assessed the therapeutic effectiveness of SADI-S in terms of short-term preoperative clinical characteristics,postoperative complications,comorbidities,nutritional deficiencies,and intraoperative complications during a 2-year follow-up.RESUlTS Sixty-one patients with a mean body mass index(BMI)of 50±7.1 kg/m2 underwent laparoscopic SADI-S.The mean operative time and hospital stays were 143.8±42 min and 2.3±0.8 d,respectively.The mean follow-up period was 18 mo,and the mean BMI decreased to 28.5±12.2 kg/m2.The excess BMI loss was 41.8%±13.5%,and the weight loss percentage was 81.1%±17.0%.Resolution of obesity-related comorbidities,including type 2 diabetes mellitus,hypertension,dyslipidemia,and obstructive sleep apnea,was achieved and defined as complete or partial remission.No intraoperative complications were observed.Short-term complications were observed in four(6.8%)patients.However,larger studies with longer follow-up periods are required to draw definitive conclusions.CONClUSION SADI-S has a low intraoperative and postoperative complication rate and is effective for weight loss and improving obesity-related comorbidities,including hypertension,type 2 diabetes mellitus,dyslipidemia,and

关键词： Extreme obesity Bariatric surgery Body mass index Metabolic syndrome Cardiovascular diseases Complications

Implicit large eddy simulation of unsteady cloud cavitation around a plane-convex hydrofoil

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Journal of Hydrodynamics 2015年第6期27卷 815-823页

作者： HIDAlGO Victor 罗先武 ESCAlER Xavier 季斌 AGUINAGA alvaro Beijing Key laboratory of CO2 Utilization and Reduction Technology Tsinghua University CDIF Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya School of Power and Mechanical Engineering Wuhan University Mechanical Engineering Department Escuela Politecnica Nacional University

The present paper focuses on the erosive cavitation behavior around a plane convex hydrofoil. The Zwart-Gerber-Belamri cavitation model is implemented in a library form to be used with the OpenFOAM. The implicit large eddy simulation （IlES） is app- lied to analyze the three-dimensional unsteady cavitating flow around a plane convex hydrofoil. The numerical results in the cases under the hydrodynamic conditions, which were experimentally tested at the high speed cavitation tunnel of the l^cole Polytechnique F6d＆ale de lausanne （EPFl）, clearly show the sheet cavitation development, the shedding and the collapse of vapor clouds. It is noted that the cavitation evolutions including the maximum vapor length, the detachment and the oscillation frequency, are captured fairly well. Furthermore, the pressure pulses due to the cavitation development as well as the complex vortex structures are reasona- bly well predicted. Consequently, it may be concluded that the present numerical method can be used to investigate the unsteady cavitation around hydrofoils with a satisfactory accuracy.

关键词： implicit large eddy simulation （IlES） unsteady partial cavitation Zwart-Gerber-Belamri cavitation model OpenFOAM,Q - criterion