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Conjunctival flora in anophthalmic patients: microbiological spectrum and antibiotic sensitivity

International Journal of Ophthalmology(English edition) 2019年第5期12卷 765-773页

作者： alvaro Toribio Teresa Marrodán Isabel Fernández-Natal Honorina Martínez-Blanco leandro Rodríguez-Aparicio Miguel á.Ferrero Department of Ophthalmology University Hospital of León Department of Clinical Microbiology University Hospital of León Department of Molecular Biology University of León

AIM: To identify the spectrum and susceptibility pattern of isolated microorganisms from conjunctival flora of anophthalmic patients.METHODS: A cross-sectional clinical study including 60 patients with unilateral anophthalmia. Patients with use of antibiotic drops in their socket during the last month were also included. From each patient, three microbiological samples were taken from the lower conjunctival sac(healthy eye, pre-prosthesis, and retro-prosthesis space of socket). The 180 samples obtained were cultured. Isolates were identified and their antibiotic sensitivities were determined.RESUlTS: A total of 251 isolates were recovered(62 isolates from healthy eye, 93 from pre-prosthesis, and 96 from retro-prosthesis space). The most common organism was Staphylococcus epidermidis, in both healthy eyes(64.5%) and sockets(45.5%). Altogether, coagulasepositive Staphylococci, Streptococci, and Gram-negative bacteria accounted for less than 15% of isolates in healthy eyes and more than 35% in sockets. Regarding the antibiotic sensitivities, there were no significant differences between isolates from sockets and healthy eyes. Nine patients recognized the use of self-prescribed antibiotic drops in their socket. In the healthy eyes of these subjects, Gram-positive microorganisms showed significantly greater resistance to aminoglycosides and tetracycline.CONClUSION: Sockets of anophthalmic patients show a greater number of pathogens compared to healthy eyes.The use of antibiotic drops in the socket promotes a resistant flora not only in the socket but also in the healthy eye. Quinolones and macrolides may be better therapeutic options than aminoglycosides for treating conjunctivitis of anophthalmic sockets, since these antibiotics are less active against Staphylococcus epidermidis.

关键词： socket ocular prosthesis antibiotic resistance microflora conjunctival dysbiosis

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Water use efficiency in an arid watershed: a case study

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Research in Cold and Arid Regions 2013年第1期5卷 16-26页

作者： Damaris Orphanopoulos Koen Verbist alvaro Chavez Guido Soto Rodhos Consulting Vaticano 4026 B Santiago Chile UNESCO-International Hydrological Programme 1 Rue Miolis Paris France Centro del Agua para Zonas áridas y Semiáridas de América latina y el Caribe (CAZAlAC) Benavente 980 La Serena Chile

Integrated Water Resource Management （IWRM） becomes increasingly important in arid watersheds, where water resources are scarce and demands are rising under increased population pressure. In this case study, we present the results from the Elqui Valley in Chile, where water resources are shared between agriculture, mining operations, hydropower generation and drinking water for nearby cities. An IWRM model was applied to visualize water resources distribution in the catchment and determine irrigation and water use efficiencies. After calibration with observed surface and groundwater measurements, the model showed large differ- ences in efficiencies between different irrigation sectors. Most notably, irrigation sectors with the highest irrigation security, i.e., higher water rights per hectare, were characterized with lower water use efficiencies. Frequent water deficits were present in sec- tors downstream of the main reservoir, which was related to limited water rights per hectare, lower irrigation efficiencies and higher water demands due to larger agricultural areas. In subsequent scenario analyses, the model was used to evaluate the impact of improved irrigation and water use efficiencies in these downstream sectors, to confirm an important reduction in water deficits, except for drought years when surface water resources are insufficient. In a third scenario, groundwater resources were allowed to compensate for water deficits, effectively reducing these in most irrigation sectors, especially during droughts. Expansion of the current agricultural area by 37% was evaluated, as a future scenario, and was found to be unsustainable, as aquifer levels are low- ered to such levels that make annual recharge insufficient.

关键词： integrated water resources management drought arid zones Chile

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Conservative management of perforated duodenal diverticulum: A case report and review of the literature

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2008年第12期14卷 1949-1951页

作者： David Martínez-Cecilia alvaro Arjona Sánchez Manuel Gómez álvarez Eva Torres Tordera Antonio luque Molina Victor Valentí Azcárate Javier Briceo Delgado Francisco Javier Padillo Pedro lópez-Cillero Sebastián Rufián Pea Hospital Universitario Reina Sofia Av. Menendez Pidal sn. 14005. Córdoba Spain. Clínica Universitaria de Navarra Avenida de Pio XII 36 Pamplona 31008 Spain.

Duodenal diverticula are a relatively common condition. They are asymptomatic, unless they become complicated, with perforation being the rarest but most severe complication. Surgical treatment is the most frequently performed approach. We report the case of a patient with a perforated duodenal diverticulum, which was diagnosed early and treated conservatively with antibiotics and percutaneous drainage of secondary retroperitoneal abscesses. We suggest this method could be an acceptable option for the management of similar cases, provided that the patient is in good general condition and without septic signs.

关键词：十二指肠憩室穿孔保守治疗

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Milk Yield of Holstein Cows Induced into lactation Twice Consecutively and lactation Curve Models Fitted to Artificial lactations

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2014年第6期13卷 1349-1354页

作者： Jesus Mellado Edgar Sepulveda Jose E Garcia alvaro Rodriguez Maria A De Santiago Francisco G Veliz Miguel Mellado Department of Animal Nutrition Autonomous Agrarian University Antonio Narro Department of Veterinary Science Autonomous Agrarian University Antonio Narro

Nineteen multiparous barren Holstein cows were subjected to an induction of lactation protocol for 21 d administering estradiol cypionate （2 mg kg-1 of body weight （BW） d-1, on day 1 to 14）, progesterone （0.10 mg kg-1 of BW, on day 1 to 7）, lfumethasone （0.03 mg kg-1 of BW, on day 18 to 20） and recombinant bovine somatotropin （rbST;500 mg per cow, on day 1, 6, 16 and 21）. At the end of lactation and with a minimum of a 2-mon dry period, the same cows were again hormonally induced into lactation. Cows in both lactations were not artiifcially inseminated, they were milked 3 times daily and received rbST throughout lactation. Mean accumulated milk yield at 305 d in milk （DIM） did not differ between the ifrst and second induced lactations （（9 710 ＆#177;1 728） vs. （9 309＆#177;2 150） kg;mean＆#177;SD）. Total milk yield （（12 707＆#177;3 406） vs. （12 306＆#177;4 218） kg;mean＆#177;SD） and lactation length （（405＆#177;100） vs. （410＆#177;91） d;mean＆#177;SD） were not different between the ifrst and second induced lactations. In a second study, 15 empirical models including exponential, power law, yield-density, sigmoidal and miscellaneous models were compared for their suitability by modeling 12-mon （n=334）, 18-mon （n=164） and 29-mon （n=22） lactation cycles of Holsteins cows induced into lactation and treated with rbST throughout the lactation. Hoerl （Y=ab1/xxc）, Wood （Y=axb exp（cx）） and Dhanoa （Y=ax（bc）exp（cx）） models were equally suitable to describe 12-mon lactations. An exponential model with ifve parameters （Y=exp（a＋bx＋cd2＋e/x）） showed the best ift for milk yield for 18-mon lactations. The rational model （Y=a＋bx/1＋cx＋dx2） was found to produce the closest ift for 29-mon lactations. It was concluded that, with the protocol used in the present study, multiparous cows respond favorably to a second cycle of induced lactation, with milk yield similar to that experienced during the ifrst cycle. Thus, dairy producers might be able to lengthen the productive life of infertile high producing cows with a renewal of artiifcial lactatio

关键词： lactation curve modeling extended lactations peak milk yield somatotropin Holstein cows

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Flowering and seeding patterns in pure and mixed Nothofagus forests in Southern Patagonia

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Ecological Processes 2016年第1期5卷 261-272页

作者： Monica Toro Manriquez luciana Mestre Maria Vanessa lencinas alvaro Promis Guillermo Martinez Pastur Rosina Soler National Scientific and Technical Research Council(CONICET) Austral Center for Scientific Research(CADIC-CONICET)Houssay 2009410 UshuaiaTierra del FuegoArgentina Department of Silviculture and Nature Conservation University of ChileAv.Santa Rosa 113159206 SantiagoLa PintanaChile

Introduction:Variation in reproductive phenology among species is an important mechanism for maintaining species coexistence.In mixed forests,the impact of limiting(biotic and abiotic)factors on tree reproductive success regulates the maintenance of species in balanced proportions or the conversion towards monospecific forests.This study offer a significant first approach to the reproductive phenology of mixed forests,assessing flowering,seeding and loss factors on reproductive success in three forest types(pure deciduous Nothofagus pumilio(Np),evergreen Nothofagus betuloides(Nb)and mixed(M)forests),comparing also between two geographical locations(coast and mountain),during one growing season.Results:Flowering falling started early in Np.Seed fall occurred first and more concentrated in Np,while in Nb,it was progressive during autumn.Phenology in M combined both patterns,but with better reproductive performance of both species.Seed production was greater in Nb(42,900,000 ha^(−1))than in Np(710,000 ha^(−1)),while M presented intermediate values(31,900,000 ha^(−1)).Abortion was greatest in Np(19% of female flowers and 10% of immature fruits),while fruit predation was low(7-9%)in all forest types.Empty seed was the main loss factor,but with low net values for each species in M.Regarding geographical location,sea proximity generated a quick starting of the growing season in coast compared to mountain sites.However,we detected forest types×location interactions in flowering and seeding patterns(e.***.in male flower production and in empty and viable seeds),with differences in species response according to location.Conclusions:Both deciduous and evergreen species have reproductive advantages in mixed compared to pure forests.However,mixed were more similar to pure evergreen forests in their reproductive traits and the incidence of the limiting factors.The study of only one growing season does not allow us to conclude whether mixed forests are stable communities,but we contribute to understand the roles of reproductive p

关键词： Broadleaved Mixed forest Geographical location leaf habit Reproductive phenology Seed quality

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Reconstruction of lateral root formation through single-cell RNA sequencing reveals order of tissue in itiation

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Molecular Plant 2021年第8期14卷 1362-1378页

作者： laura Serrano-Ron Pablo Perez-Garcia alvaro Sanchez-Corrionero Inmaculada Gude Javier Cabrera Pui-leng Ip Kenneth D.Birnbaum Miguel A.Moreno-Risueno Centro de Biotecnologia y Genomica de Plantas Universidad Politecnica de Madrid(UPM)-lnstituto Naci on al de Investigacion y Tec no logia Agraria y Alimentaria(INIA)Pozuelo de Alarcon28223 MadridSpain Departamento de Biotecnologia-Biologia Vegetal Escuela Tecnica Superior de Ingenieria AgronomicaAlimentaria y de BiosistemasUniversidad Politecnica de Madrid(UPM)28040 MadridSpain Center for Genomics and Systems Biology Department of BiologyNew York UniversityNew YorkNYUSA

Postembryonic organogenesis is critical for plant development.Underground,lateral roots(lRs)form the bulk of mature root systems,yet the ontogeny of the lR primordium(lRP)is not clear.In this study,we performed the single-cell RNA sequencing through the first four stages of lR formation in Arabidopsis.Our analysis led to a model in which a single group of precursor cells,with a cell identity different from their pericycle origins,rapidly reprograms and splits into a mixed ground tissue/stem cell niche fate and a vascular precursor fate.The ground tissue and stem cell niche fates soon separate and a subset of more specialized vascular cells form sucrose transporting phloem cells that appear to connect to the primary root.We did not detect cells resembling epidermis or root cap,suggesting that outer tissues may form later,preceding lR emergence.At this stage,some remaining initial precursor cells form the primordium flanks,while the rest create a reservoir of pluripotent cells that are able to replace the lR if damaged.laser ablation of the central and lateral lRP regions showed that remaining cells restart the sequence of tissue initiation to form a lR.Collectively,our study reveals an ontological hierarchy for lR formation with an early and sequential split of main root tissues and stem cells.

关键词： organogenesis patterning stem cells single-cell RNA-seq cell fate regeneration

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Microbiological Identification of Atmospheric Particles in Hermosillo, Sonora, México

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Journal of Environmental Protection 2014年第5期5卷 376-386页

作者： Santos-Romo alvaro Sau-Acosta Nancy Janeth Certucha-Barragán María Teresa Almendáriz-Tapia Francisco Javier Monge-Amaya Onofre Hernández-lópez Jorge Zepeda-Ibarra Joel Department of Chemical Engineering & Metallurgy within the Engineering Division of the University of Sonora Hermosillo Mexico Nortwest BiologicalInvestigation Centre Hermosillo Mexico Urban Development and Ecology General Coordination of Infrastructure Municipal Institute of Ecology Hermosillo Mexico

The air quality in many cities has been deteriorating and affecting population’s health. Airborne particles can block the defense mechanisms of respiratory system and may lead biological elements such as pollen, bacteria, fungi and viruses into the lungs. This paper presents the study of biologically contaminated air in the city of Hermosillo, analyzing filters containing particulate matter with a diameter equal or less than 10 micrometers (PM10) and Total Suspended Particles (TSP). Three sampling periods were analyzed during 2011. Samples taken from the filters were placed in tubes containing nutritive broth BHI (Brain Heart Infusion) and incubated at 37 °C for 24 hours. The identification of the isolated microorganisms was done by a biochemical test recommended in Bergey’s Manual. Results showed a high bacteria concentration in the presence of microorganisms such as Klebsiella pneumoniae sub pneumoniae, Citrobacter, Enterococcus faecalis, Proteus penneri, Butiauxellaagrestis, Salmonella paratyphi A and Enterobacter sacazakii. When bacterial concentration was analyzed separately, the lowest number of bacteria was observed during February for the south location and in August for the north location. The highest degree of bacterial air pollution was found in the central area of the city.

关键词： Air Pollution Airborne Particles Bacteria

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The Characteristics of Near-surface Velocity During the Upwelling Season on the Northern Portugal Shelf

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Journal of Ocean University of China 2007年第3期6卷 213-225页

作者： ZUO Juncheng DU ling alvaro Peliz A. Miguel Santos YU Yifa College of Physical and Environmental Oceanography Ocean University of China Qingdao 266100 P. R. China Institute of Sea and Fisheries Research of Portugal Lisbon 1449-006 Portugal

Observations made on the northern Portugal mid-shelf between May 13 and June 15,2002 were used to characterise the near-surface velocity during one upwelling season. It was found that in the surface mixed layer,the 'tidal current' was diurnal,but the tidal elevation was semi-diurnal. Both the residual current and the major axes of all tidal constituents were nearly perpendicular to the isobaths and the tidal current ellipses rotated clockwise;the major axis of the major tidal ellipse was about 3 cm s-1. The extremely strong diurnal current in the surface layer was probably due to diurnal heating,cooling,and wind mixing that induced diurnal oscillations,including the diurnal oscillation of wind stress. This is a case different from the results measured in the other layers in this area. The near-inertial spectral peaks occurred with periods ranging from 1 047 min to 1 170 min,the longest periods being observed in deeper layers,and the shortest in the surface layer. Weak inertial events appeared during strong upwelling events,while strong inertial events appeared during downwelling or weak subinertial events. The near-inertial currents were out of phase between 5 m and 35 m layers for almost the entire measurement period,but such relationship was very weak during periods of irregular weak wind. Strong persistent southerly wind blew from May 12 to 17 and forced a significant water transport onshore and established a strong barotropic poleward jet with a surface speed exceeding 20 cm s-1. The subinertial current was related to wind variation,especially in the middle layers of 15 m and 35 m,the maximum correlation between alongshore current and alongshore wind was about 0.5 at the 5 m layer and 0.8 at the 35 m layer. The alongshore current reacted more rapidly than the cross-shore current. The strongest correlation was found at a time lag of 20 h in the upper layer and of 30 h in the deeper layer. The wind-driven surface velocity obtained from the PWP model had maximum amplitude of about 7 cm s-1,corresponding to a win

关键词：上升流表面速度葡萄牙潮汐

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The digital‘connected’earth:open technology for providing location-based services on degraded communication environments

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International Journal of Digital Earth 2018年第8期11卷 761-782页

作者： Ramón Piedrafita Rubén Béjar Rubén Blasco alvaro Marco F.Javier Zarazaga-Soria Aragón Aragón Institute of Engineering Research Universidad de ZaragozaZaragozaSpain

n the current world,it is easy to listen that everybody and everything is connected.Over this connected world,the concept of location-based services has grown in order to provide digital services in everyplace and at every time.Nevertheless,this is not 100%true because the connection is not guaranteed for many people and in many places.These are the Degraded Communications Environments(DCE),environments where the availability of high-speed communications is not guaranteed in at least the 75%of the time.This paper works over the experience of a previous work in developing light protocols that do not need broadband for communication.This work provides an extension of these protocols for the inclusion of mobile devices as elements of the communication process and a set of libraries to allow the development of applications in DCE.The work done has involved the development of two frameworks:an Android framework that makes the incorporation of Android devices easier and a server-based framework that provides the server side for the development of the referred applications.A use case that uses these two frameworks has been developed.Finally,all technology developed is available throw a public Git repository.

关键词： location-based services degraded communications environments open technology

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New insights on cholangiocarcinoma

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Oncology 2010年第3期2卷 136-145页

作者： Manuela Gatto Domenico alvaro Division of Gastroenterology Department of Clinical MedicineUniversity of Rome"Sapienza"Polo Pontino

Cholangiocarcinoma(CCA) is a devastating cancer arising from the neoplastic transformation of the biliary epithelium.It is characterized by a progressive increase in incidence and prevalence.The only curative therapy is radical surgery or liver transplantation but,unfortunately,the majority of patients present with advanced stage disease,which is not amenable to surgical therapies.Recently,proposed serum and bile biomarkers could help in the screening and surveillance of categories at risk and in diagnosing CCA at an early stage.The molecular mechanisms triggering neoplastic transformation and growth of biliary epithelium are still undef ined,but signif icant progress has been achieved in the last few years.This review deals with the most recent advances on epidemiology,biology,and clinical management of CCA.

关键词： Cholangiocarcinoma Cholangiocytes Growth factors Proliferation Apoptosis

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