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Deep learning-based detection of indicator species for monitoring biodiversity in semi-natural grasslands

Environmental Science and Ecotechnology 2024年第5期21卷 238-247页

作者： Deepak h.Basavegowda Inga Schleip Paul Mosebach Cornelia Weltzien Technische Universitat Berlin Straße des 17.Juni 13510623BerlinGermany Leibniz-Institut für Agrartechnik und Biookonomie e.V.(ATB) Max-Eyth-Allee 10014469PotsdamGermany hochschule für nach.a.tige Entwicklung Eberswalde Schicklerstraße 516225EberswaldeGermany

Deep learning(DL)has huge potential to provide valuable insights into biodiversity changes in speciesrich.a.ricultural ecosystems such.a. semi-natural grasslands,helping to prioritize and plan conservation ***,DL has been underexplored in grassland conservation efforts,hindered by data scarcity,intricate ecosystem interactions,and limited economic ***,we developed a DL-based object-detection model to identify indicator species,a group of vascular plant species that serve as surrogates for biodiversity assessment in high nature value(hNV)*** selected indicator species Armeria maritima,Campanula patula,Cirsium oleraceum,and Daucus *** overcome the hurdle of limited data,we grew indicator plants under controlled greenhouse conditions,generating a sufficient dataset for DL model *** model was initially trained on this greenhouse ***,smaller datasets derived from an experimental grassland plot and natural grasslands were added to the training to facilitate the transition from greenhouse to field *** optimized model achieved remarkable average precision(AP)on test datasets,with 98.6 AP50 on greenhouse data,98.2 AP50 on experimental grassland data,and 96.5 AP50 on semi-natural grassland *** findings highlight the innovative application of greenhouse-grown specimens for the in-situ identification of plants,bolstering biodiversity monitoring in grassland ***,the study illuminates the promising role of DL techniques in conservation programs,particularly as a monitoring tool to support result-based agrienvironment schemes.

关键词： Species-rich grasslands Biodiversity monitoring Object detection Cross-domain knowledge transfer

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Pelleting and particle size reduction of corn increase net energy and digestibility of fiber,protein,and fat in corn-soybean meal diets fed to group-housed pigs

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2024年第4期15卷 1751-1760页

作者： Su A Lee Diego A.Rodriguez Chad B.Paulk hans h.Stein Department of Animal Sciences University of IllinoisUrbanaIL 61801USA Department of Grain Sciences and Industry Kansas State UniversityManhattanKS 66506USA

Background Reduction of the particle size of corn increases energy digestibility and concentrations of digestible and metabolizable *** may also reduce particle size of grain,but it is not known if there are interactions between particle size reduction and *** objective of this experiment was to test the hypothesis that particle size reduction and pelleting,separately or in combination,increase N balance,apparent total tract digestibility(ATTD)of fiber and fat,and net energy(NE)in corn-soybean meal diets fed to group-housed *** Six corn-soybean meal-based diets were used in a 3×2 factorial design with 3 particle sizes of corn(i.e.,700,500,or 300μm)and 2 diet forms(i.e.,meal or pelleted).Pigs were allowed ad libitum access to feed and ***-four castrated male pigs(initial weight:29.52 kg;standard diviation:1.40)were allotted to the 6 diets using a 6×6 Latin square design with 6 calorimeter chambers(i.e.,4 pigs/chamber)and 6 *** consumption and CO_(2)and Ch_(4)productions were measured during fed and fasting states and fecal and urine samples were *** Regardless of particle size of corn,the ATTD of gross energy(GE),N,and acid-hydrolyzed ether extract(AEE),and the concentration of NE were greater(Phan in meal *** of diet form,the ATTD of GE,N,and AEE,and the concentration of NE were increased(linear;Phe particle size of corn,but the increase was greater in meal diets than in pelleted diets(interaction;Ph pelleting and reduction of corn particle size increased nutrient digestibility and NE,but increases were greater in meal diets than in pelleted diets.

关键词： Corn Digestibility Feed technology Net energy Particle size Pelleting

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Search for production of dark fermion candidates in association with h.a.y neutral gauge boson decaying to dimuon in proton-proton collisions at√s=8 TeV using CMS open data

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Chinese Physics C 2024年第4期48卷 6-13页

作者： Y.Mahmoud h.a.dallah M.T.hussein S.Elgammal Centre for theoretical physics The British University in EgyptEgypt Physics Department Faculty of ScienceCairo UniversityEgypt

In this study,we conducted a search for dark matter using a part of the data recorded by the CMS experiment during run-I of the LhC in 2012 with.a.center of mass energy of 8 TeV and an integrated luminosity of 11.6 fb−*** data were gathered from the CMS open *** matter,in the framework of the simplified model(mono-Z′),can be produced from proton-proton collisions in association with.a.new hypothetical gauge boson,Z′.Thus,the search was conducted in the dimuon plus large missing transverse momentum *** bench.a.k scenario of mono-Z′,which is known as light vector,was used for interpreting the CMS open *** evidence of dark matter was observed,and exclusion limits were set on the masses of dark matter and Z′at 95%confidence level.

关键词： dark matter large hadron collider CMS open data search for new physics dark fermion

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Music as medicine for traumatic brain injury:a perspective on future research directions

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第10期19卷 2105-2106页

作者： Anthony E.Kline Eleni h.Moschonas Corina O.Bondi Department of Physical Medicine&Rehabilitation University of PittsburghPittsburghPAUSA Safar Center for Resuscitation Research University of PittsburghPittsburghPAUSA Center for Neuroscience University of PittsburghPittsburghPAUSA Department of Critical Care Medicine University of PittsburghPittsburghPAUSA Center for the Neural Basis of Cognition University of PittsburghPittsburghPAUSA Department of Psychology University of PittsburghPittsburghPAUSA Department of Neurobiology University of PittsburghPittsburghPAUSA

Traumatic brain injury(TBI) impacts 69 million individuals globally each year and is a leading cause of death.a.d disability(Dewan et al.,2019).The majority of moderate-to-severe TBI survivors endure long-lasting disturbances in motor,cognitive,and affect that negatively impacts their *** a plethora of research on pharmacological interventions for TBI has been conducted,none has translated to the clinic,thus advocating for the evaluation of nonpharmacological therapeutic approaches that may increase translational success.

关键词： injury traumatic

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Reducing carbon emissions with Geoscience solutions:A look at the contributions of nuclear energy,technology,and green finance

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Geoscience Frontiers 2024年第4期15卷 411-426页

作者： Aifeng Liu Muhammad Imran Abdelmohsen A.Nassani Rima h.Binsaeed Khalid Zaman International Business School Shaanxi Normal UniversityXi’anChina Department of Economics The University of HaripurHaripur Khyber Pakhtunkhwa 22620Pakistan Department of Management College of Business AdministrationKing Saud UniversityP.O.Box 71115Riyadh 11587Saudi Arabia

Standards for Low-Carbon Energy Portfolios(LC-EPS)mandate that a certain percentage of a region's electricity generation originate from zero-or low-emissions *** 1995Q1 through 2020Q4,the study used the ARDL-Bounds testing technique to estimate coefficient parameters,Granger causality to draw causal inferences,and variance decomposition analysis to anticipate the factors that will have the greatest impact on carbon emissions in the US *** power significantly impacts carbon emissions,as seen by an inverted U-shaped environmental Kuznets curve,whereas long-term impact of innovation leads to lower *** the other hand,exports of sophisticated technology reduce carbon *** growth has a discernible effect on carbon emissions,nuclear power,innovation,and environmentally friendly ***-tech exports will likely impact carbon emissions most,followed by a demand for nuclear power,innovation,economic expansion,and sustainable finance for the next ten *** results give policymakers helpful insight into how the US economy may reduce carbon emissions and fight climate change via renewable energy and green finance.

关键词： Nuclear energy demand high technology exports Innovation Economic growth Green finance USA

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Role of marine natural products in the development of antiviral agents against SARS‑CoV‑2:potential and prospects

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Marine Life Science & Technology 2024年第2期6卷 280-297页

作者： D.P.Nagahawatta N.M.Liyanage Thilina U.Jayawardena h.h.a.C.K.Jayawardhana Seong‑hun Jeong hyung‑Jun Kwon You‑Jin Jeon Department of Marine Life Sciences Jeju National UniversityJeju 690-756Republic of Korea Department of Chemistry Biochemistry and PhysicsUniversitédu QuébecàTrois-RivièresTrois-RivièresQC G8Z 4M3Canada Marine Science Institute Jeju National UniversityJeju 63333Republic of Korea Functional Biomaterial Research Center Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and BiotechnologyJeongeup-siRepublic of Korea

A novel coronavirus,known as severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARS-CoV-2),has surfaced and caused global concern owing to its ***-CoV-2 is the causative agent of coronavirus disease 2019;however,it was only discovered at the end of the year and was considered a pandemic by the World h.a.th ***,the develop-ment of novel potent inhibitors against SARS-CoV-2 and future outbreaks is urgently *** naturally occurring bioactive substances have been studied in the clinical setting for diverse *** intricate infection and replication mechanism of SARS-CoV-2 offers diverse therapeutic drug targets for developing antiviral medicines by employing natural products that are safer than synthetic *** natural products(MNPs)have received increased attention in the development of novel drugs owing to their high diversity and ***,this review article investigates the infection and replication mechanisms,including the function of the SARS-CoV-2 genome and ***,we highlighted anti-SARS-CoV-2 therapeutic intervention efforts utilizing MNPs and predicted SARS-CoV-2 inhibitor design.

关键词： SARS-CoV-2 Marine natural products Drug targets Inhibitors

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A vectorial model for the nonlinear gradient force exerted on metallic Rayleigh nanoparticles

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Chinese Optics Letters 2024年第2期22卷 207-213页

作者：朱政张聿全闵长俊 Aurèle J.LAdam h.Paul Urbach 袁小聪 Research Center for humanoid Sensing Research Institute of Intelligent SensingZhejiang LabHangzhou 311100China Nanophotonics Research Center Institute of Microscale Optoelectronics&State Key Laboratory of Radio Frequency Heterogeneous IntegrationShenzhen UniversityShenzhen 518060China Optics Research Group ImPhys DepartmentFaculty of Applied SciencesDelft University of TechnologyDelft 2628 CJThe Netherlands

Optical tweezers have proved to be a powerful tool with.a.wide range of *** gradient force plays a vital role in the stable optical trapping of *** scalar method is convenient and effective for analyzing the gradient force in traditional optical ***,when the third-order nonlinear effect of the nano-object is stimulated,the scalar method cannot adequately present the optical response of the metal nanoparticle to the external optical ***,we propose a theoretical model to interpret the nonlinear gradient force using the vector *** combining the optical Kerr effect,the polarizability vector of the metallic nanoparticle is derived.A quantitative analysis is obtained for the gradient force as well as for the optical potential *** vector method yields better agreement with reported experimental *** suggest that this method could lead to a deeper understanding of the physics relevant to nonlinear optical trapping and binding phenomena.

关键词： gradient forces nonlinear effect metallic nanoparticles

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Oscillation Criteria of Second Order half Linear Delay Dynamic Equations on Time Scales

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Acta Mathematicae Applicatae Sinica 2017年第1期33卷 83-92页

作者： h.a. AGWO A.M.M. KhODIER hEBA A. hASSAN Department of Mathematics Faculty of Education Ain Shams University 11757 beside Tabary school RoxyCairo Egypt

In this paper, we establish some new oscillation criteria for a non autonomous second order delay dynamic equation （r（t）g（x△（t）））△＋p（t）f（x（τ（t）））=0 on a time scale T. Oscillation behavior of this equation is not studied before. Our results not only apply on differential equations when T=R, difference equations when T=N but can be applied on different types of time scales such.a. when T=N for q〉1 and also improve most previous results. Finally, we give some examples to illustrate our main results.

关键词： time scales oscillation second order delay dynamic equations generalized Riccati technique generalized exponential function

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Enhancing fault-clearing algorithm for renewable-energy-based distribution systems using artificial neural networks

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Clean Energy 2024年第5期8卷 97-116页

作者： Rania G.Mohamed M.A.Ebrahim Shady h.E.Abdel Aleem Electrical Engineering Department Institute of Aviation Engineering and TechnologyGiza12658Egypt Electrical Engineering Department Faculty of Engineering at ShoubraBenha UniversityCairo11629Egypt

Integrating small and large-scale photovoltaic(PV)solar systems into electrical distribution systems has become mandatory due to increased electricity bills and the concern for limiting greenhouse ***,the reliable and efficient operation of PV-based distribution systems can be confronted by the intermittence and high variability of solar sources and their consequential *** this regard,this article suggests a moderated fault-clearing strategy based on the incremental conductance–maximum power point tracking(IC–MPPT)technique and artificial neural networks(ANNs)to enhance fault detection,localization,and restoration pro-cesses in PV-based distribution *** proposed strategy leverages IC–MPPT to ensure optimal power generation from the PV solar system,even in the presence of *** tracking the maximum power point,the algorithm maintains the performance of the system and mitigates against the impact of faults on the output ***,an ANN is employed to improve fault detec-tion and localization *** developed ANN-based moderated fault-clearing strategy is trained using historical data and fault scenarios,enabling it to recognize fault patterns and make informed decisions through extensive simulations and comparisons with traditional fault-clearing *** accomplish this study,bench.a.ks in PV-based distribution systems are constructed and em-ployed using the MATLAB®/Simulink®software ***,to validate the efficacy of the developed ANN-based moderated fault-clearing strategy,a real case study of a 1-MW PV-based distribution system in an industrial field located in Giza governorate,Egypt,is tested and *** obtained results demonstrate the effectiveness of the IC–MPPT and ANN-based moderated fault-clearing strategy in achieving faster fault detection,precise fault localization,and efficient restoration in PV solar-based dis-tribution systems while preserving maximum power extraction under small and larg

关键词： photovoltaic solar systems fault-clearing algorithm incremental conductance renewable energy artificial neural network maximum power point tracking

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Nanoindentation responses of NiCoFe medium-entropy alloys from cryogenic to elevated temperatures

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Journal of Iron and Steel Research International 2024年第8期31卷 2068-2077页

作者： Qin-qin Xu Kamran Karimi Amirhossein h.Naghdi Wen-yi huo Chong Wei Stefanos Papanikolaou NOMATEN Centre of Excellence National Centre for Nuclear ResearchOtwock 05-400MazowszePoland College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering Nanjing Forestry UniversityNanjing 210037JiangsuChina Science and Technology on Thermo Structural Composite Materials Laboratory Northwestern Polytechnical UniversityXi'an 710072ShaanxiChina School of Mechanics Civil Engineering and ArchitectureNorthwestern Polytechnical UniversityXi'an 710072ShaanxiChina

NiCoFe alloy,a medium-entropy alloy,shows potential for applications in extreme ***,there is a theoretical barrier concerning the unclear understanding of its high-temperature dislocation motion *** load response exhibits distinct signatures relevant to thermal activation,most notably a decrease in critical force(i.e,softening)from cryogenic to elevated temperatures,e.g.,from 200 to 1000 *** onset of plasticity is characterized by the nucleation of stacking faults and prismatic loops at low temperatures,whereas the surface nucleation of Shockley partial dislocations dominates plasticity at elevated *** show that thermal effects lead to non-uniform atom pile-ups and control the rate of phase transformation with increasing indentation *** findings in this work extend the understanding of the mechanical response of NiCoFe alloys under indentation at different temperatures,shedding light on the underlying dislocation motion mechanisms and surface deformation *** observed transformation-induced plasticity mechanism has implications for the properties of medium-entropy alloys and their potential applications in extreme environments.

关键词： Orientation Dislocations Mechanical behaviors Phase transition

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