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Structural Stability and Accumulation of Organic Matter in Some Soils under Cashew Tree Orchards in the Department of Touba in North-West Cote d’Ivoire

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Open Journal of Soil Science 2020年第5期10卷 181-193页

作者： Alui Konan alphonse Ballo Koffi Celestin Kouassi Kouakou Joselin Yao-Kouame Albert UFR of Biological Sciences Geosciences DepartmentPedagogical and Research Unit(UPR)of Agro-PedologyPeleforo University Gon CoulibalyKorhogoCote d’Ivoire National Center for Agronomic Research AbidjanCote d’Ivoire UFR of Earth Sciences and Mining Resources Department of Soil SciencesFelix Houphoüet-Boigny UniversityAbidjanCote d’Ivoire

Degradation of the physical quality of the soil is a common problem encountered in agrosystems, particularly in the case of open field cropping systems in the northern areas of Côte d’Ivoire. Thus, the structural stability of the soil, which is a good indicator of the sensitivity to threshing and to water erosion in relation to the accumulation of organic matter, was evaluated in two types of soil (Ferralsol and Cambisol) in cashew orchards, in two villages (Mahana and Sanankoro) producing cashew nuts, located the Department of Touba in the North West of Côte d’Ivoire. The objective of this study is to develop new technical routes that are better suited to further promote the sequestration of organic carbon in the soil. Soil samples were taken from open soil profiles at the two chosen sites to allow laboratory analyzes. The results indicate that the surface horizon of Cambisol (site 1) is more stable (Is = 0.78) than that of Ferralsol (site 2;Is = 1.08) with nevertheless relatively small thicknesses of horizons. The median horizons and those of depth, indicate a mediocre stability (Is vary from 1.03 to 1.62). In terms of the quantity of organic carbon, the estimated values vary from 1.96 to 4.53 t⋅ha−1 for Cambisol (site 1) and from 1.44 to 3.46 t⋅ha−1 for Ferralsol (site 2). These values remain relatively low especially at the level of the median horizons and those located in depths. Statistical tests have shown a very highly significant and negative association between the structural stability of soils and the amount of organic carbon in the different horizons. The relationship implies that organic carbon plays an important role in the structural stability of soil horizons under cashew tree orchards.

关键词： Structural Stability Organic Carbon Soils Cashew Cote d’Ivoire

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Production of High-Purity Silica Sand from Ivorian Sedimentary Basin by Attrition without Acid Leaching Process for Windows Glass Making

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Journal of Minerals and Materials Characterization and Engineering 2021年第4期9卷 345-361页

作者： Péyokoh Roger Thio Kouassi Bruno Koffi Kouadio Denis Konan Kouakou alphonse Yao Mechanics and Materials Science Laboratory Yamoussoukro C&#244 te d’Ivoire National Polytechnic Institute Félix Houphouë t-Boigny (INPHB) Yamoussoukro C&#244 te d’Ivoire Civil Engineering Geoscience and Geographic Sciences Laboratory Yamoussoukro C&#244 te d’Ivoire

To produce high-purity silica sand usable for glass making, the present study was carried out. The objective of this work was to increase the silicon dioxide (SiO2) content to at least 99% using a simple process without chemical input. The raw sand samples were taken from the Ivorian sedimentary basin, from Maféré and Assinie areas, Côte d’Ivoire. Wet sieving and attrition technique were used for the purification process. The results from the energy dispersive spectrometer (EDS) analyses of the raw and treated samples show a significant increase of silica content and a significant reduction of impurities. The silica content (SiO2) of the sand of Maféré increases from 98.73% ± 0.15% to 99.92% ± 0.05%. And the sand of Assinie increased from 98.82% ± 0.67% in the raw samples to 99.44% ± 0.27% after treatment. The rate of iron oxide and alumina is reduced in these sands. Moreover, the sand of Maféré contains 53.2% of grains of size lower than 500 microns and that of Assinie contains 29.30%. Regarding the chemical composition of these purified sands, they meet the standard BS2975s, the American Ceramic Society and the National Bureau of Standards for window glass making.

关键词： Silica Sand Silicon Oxide Attrition Wet Sieving Soda Lime Glass Maféré Assinie Côte d’Ivoire

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Analysis of the Spatio-Temporal Dynamics of Land Use in the Bamboutos Mountains of the West Region of Cameroon

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Open Journal of Forestry 2022年第2期12卷 216-234页

作者： Guy Herman Tchoutezou Zanguim Abubakar Ali Shidiki alphonse Loic Tcheugoue Tientcheu Martin Ngankam Tchamba Department of Forestry Faculty of Agronomy and Agricultural Sciences University of Dschang Dschang Cameroon Department of Geography Faculty of Arts Letters and Humanities University of Yaoundé 1 Yaoundé Cameroon

The current level of knowledge of the biophysical situation, human activity and governance in the Bamboutos Mountains does not shed enough light on the dynamics of the vegetation, the socio-economic aspects and ecological opportunities that are essential for a successful restoration initiative in this degraded landscape of the Bamboutos mountain ecosystems. The objective of the study was to map and analyze the dynamics of land use from Landsat images of 1980, 2000 and 2021. Supervised classification by maximum likelihood was applied and the dynamics were analyzed using area curves and calculations. The cartographic results were used to produce land use maps. The analysis of the land cover dynamics shows that the evolutionary trend of the vegetation formations is essentially regressive for agro-forests and dense forests at -21.20% and -3.62% respectively. The classes that showed a clear progression were bare soil (9.78%), crop land (8.03%), built-up areas (5.19%) and shrubby savannahs and grassland (1.84%). Agriculture, livestock grazing and demographic pressure are the main causes of land degradation and mutation of the landscape. The results of this study provide an understanding of the land-use history of this landscape, and a solid basis for planning a restoration initiative. They provide guidance on priority areas and types of restoration intervention from a social, economic and ecological perspective.

关键词： Bamboutos Mountains GIS Mapping Degradation Landscape Restoration

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Allocation of Hybrid Distributed Generations and Energy Management in Radial Electrical Systems

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Smart Grid and Renewable Energy 2022年第11期13卷 249-267页

作者： Ngoussandou Bello Pierre Nicodem Nisso Benjamin Diboma Jean De Dieu Nguimfack Ndongmo Sadam alphonse Department of Renewable Energy National Advanced School of Engineering of Maroua University of Maroua Maroua Cameroon Department of Computer Science and Telecommunications National Advanced School of Engineering University of Maroua Maroua Cameroon Department of Electrical Engineering Advanced Technical Training School University of Douala Douala Cameroon Department of Electrical and Power Engineering Higher Technical Teacher Training College University of Bamenda Bamenda Cameroon UFD PAI Laboratoire d’Analyse de Simulation et Essais (LASE) IUT de Ngaoundéré Ngaoundéré Cameroun

This paper presents a method for optimal sizing of a Micro grid connected to a hybrid source to ensure the continuity and quality of energy in a locality with a stochastically changing population. The hybrid system is composed of a solar photovoltaic system, a wind turbine, and an energy storage system. The reliability of the system is evaluated based on the voltage level regulation on IEEE 33-bus and IEEE 69-bus standards. Power factor correction is performed, despite some reliability and robustness constraints. This work focuses on energy management in a hybrid system considering climatic disturbances on the one hand, and on the other hand, this work evaluates the energy quality and the cost of energy. A combination of genetic algorithms of particle swarm optimization (CGAPSO) shows high convergence speed, which illustrates the robustness of the proposed system. The study of this system shows its feasibility and compliance with standards. The results obtained show a significant reduction in the total cost of production of this proposed system.

关键词： Power Losses Hybrid System Distributed Generations Cost of Energy

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Enumeration of Stereoisomers of Chiral and Achiral Derivatives of Monocyclic Cycloalkanes Having Heteromorphous Alkyl Substituents with Distinct Length <i>k</i>

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Computational Chemistry 2019年第3期7卷 72-93页

作者： alphonse Emadak Ibrahim Mbouombouo Ndassa Beauregard Thomas Makon Issofa Patouossa Robert Martin Nemba Laboratory of Applied Physical and Analytical Chemistry Department of Inorganic Chemistry Faculty of Sciences University of Yaounde 1 Yaounde Cameroon Laboratory of Chemistry Department of Chemistry High Teacher Training College University of Yaounde 1 Yaounde Cameroon

A combinatorial method based on the determination of the averaged weight of permutations controlling the chirality/achirality fittingness of 2n substitution sites of the monocyclic cycloalkane allows to obtain generalized functional equations for direct enumeration of enantiomers pairs and achiral skeletons of any derivatives of monocyclic cycloalkanes having heteromorphic alkyl substituents with the distinct length k with the empirical formula , wherein at least two alkyl groups??of the distinct size ?each. ?is the number of alkyl radicals ?of the system??verifying the relation . The integer sequences of enantiomer pairs and achiral skeletons are given for substituted derivatives of monocyclic cycloalkane for n = 3, 4 and k = 3, 4, 5. The composite stereoisomerism of this particular compound is also highlighted.

关键词： Enumeration Stereoisomer Chirality Achirality Monocyclic Cycloalkane Order of Alkyl Trees Polyalkylation

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Prevalence and Factors Associated with Psychoactive Substance Misuse among Heavy Goods Vehicle Drivers in Cotonou, Benin

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Open Journal of Epidemiology 2023年第4期13卷 260-275页

作者： Yolaine Glèlè-Ahanhanzo Nouriat Mohammed Donatien Daddah Nicolas Gaffan Lamidhi Salami alphonse kpozehouen Multidisciplinary Research Unity for Road Crashes Prevention (ReMPARt) Department of Epidemiology and Bio-Statistics Regional Institute of Public Health University of Abomey-Calavi Ouidah Benin Regional Direction of Health Mono Lokossa Benin Regional Direction of Health Zou Abomey Benin Policies and Health Systems Department Regional Institute of Public Health Ouidah Benin

Introduction: In Benin, Heavy Goods Vehicle (HGV) drivers play an essential role in the logistics chain, facilitating the transportation of goods within the country or between other countries in the sub-region. HGV drivers are professionals who experience adverse working conditions, exposing them to risky behaviours, including Psychoactive Substance (PAS) misuse, leading to particularly severe road accidents. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of PAS misuse among HGV drivers and identify associated factors in Cotonou, Benin. Materials and Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional survey involving HGV drivers at parking areas in Cotonou from 26 March to 10 April 2023. The dependent variable was the PAS misuse by HGV drivers, and the independent variables were related to their socio-demographic characteristics, health status and lifestyle habits, and professional characteristics. Data analysis involved determining the prevalence of PAS misuse with a 95% Confidence Interval (95% CI). Subsequently, we identified factors associated with PAS misuse among the participants using multivariate logistic regression. We presented the final regression results as adjusted odds ratios (aOR) with 95% CI. Results: The study included 425 HGV drivers. Among them, 53 (12.47%, 95% CI = 9.64 - 15.98) were misusing PAS. Compared to drivers aged 35 and older, those aged under 25 (aOR = 10.67, 95% CI = 3.56 - 32.03) and those aged 25 to 34 (aOR = 3.47, 95% CI = 1.37 - 8.82) had higher odds of PAS misuse. Drivers with a primary education were less likely (aOR = 0.43, 95% CI = 0.19 - 0.97) to misuse PAS than those with no formal education. Drivers suffering from cardiovascular diseases were also three times more likely (aOR = 3.08, 95% CI = 1.08 - 8.81) to misuse PAS than others. The odds of PAS misuse were also higher among drivers who reported taking breaks than those claiming not to (aOR = 3.11, 95% CI = 1.57 - 6.18). Conclusion: Driving under the influence of PAS is a risk factor f

关键词： Transportation Alcohol Psychoactive Substance Driver Professional Benin

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Valuation of Rice Postharvest Losses in Sub-Saharan Africa and Its Mitigation Strategies

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Rice science 2021年第3期28卷 212-216页

作者： Sali Atanga NDINDENG alphonse CANDIA Delphine Lamare MAPIEMFU Vohangisoa RAKOTOMALALA Nahemiah DANBABA Kurahisha KULWA Paul HOUSSOU Sow MOHAMMED Ousman M.JARJU Salimata S.COULIBALY Elvis A.BAIDOO Jean MOREIRA Koichi FUTAKUCHI Africa Rice Center 01 BP 2551AbidjanCôte d’Ivoire National Agricultural Research Organization Kwanda P.O.Box 7144KampalaUganda Institute of Agricultural Research for Development BP 2123 MessaYaoundéCameroon Centre National de la recherche Appliquée au développement Rural BB 1690AntananarivoMadagascar National Cereal Research Institute Badeggi P.M.B 8 BidaNigeria Kilombero Agricultural Training and Research Institute P.O.Box 405KilomberoMorogoro regionTanzania Institut National des Recherches Agricoles du Bénin 01 BP 884 CotonouBénin Sierra Leone Agricultural Research Institute Tower Hill PMB 1313FreetownSierra Leone National Agricultural Research Institute PO Box 526BanjulSerrekundaGambia Centre Régionale de Recherche Agronomique SotubaBP 262 BamakoMali Council for Scientific and Industrial Research Food Research InstituteP.O Box M20AccraGhana University of Buea P.O.Box 63BueaCameroon

Data on rice harvest and postharvest loss in Sub-Sahara Africa(SSA)is scanty making it difficult for stakeholders to appreciate the loss and set priority areas for loss reduction along the value *** address this problem,a protocol was developed and validated for postharvest loss(PHL)quantification in *** losses at each segment were determined by field *** effect of origin of rice(domestic versus imported)and type of processing(white versus parboiled milled)on rice price in 33 markets in Africa was used to estimate qualitative loss for both white and parboiled milled *** PHL for rice in SSA in 2018 is estimated at about US$10.24 billion,representing 47.63%of the expected total *** highest loss recorded was quantitative loss before and during harvesting,followed by qualitative loss along the entire value chain,quantitative loss during milling,parboiling,threshing in that order,with the lowest being quantitative loss during *** areas to be targeted for PHL reduction in SSA and some loss mitigation tools and technologies piloted or suitable for SSA are proposed.

关键词： qualitative harvest harvesting

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Effects of Voluntary Apnea on Haemodynamic Responses during Groundwork Techniques of Judo

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World Journal of Cardiovascular Diseases 2016年第9期6卷 300-311页

作者： Jean Georges André Moulongo Elvina Lys Surêche Massamba alphonse Massamba Bernard Packa Tchissambou Effort Laboratory of Physiology Biomechanics Superior Institute of Physical Education University Marien NGOUABI Brazzaville Congo Division of Research Documentation and the Files National Institute of Youth and Sports Brazzaville Congo Laboratory of Nutrition Health and Human Motricity Superior Institute of Physical Education University Marien NGOUABI Brazzaville Congo

Context: Several studies were conducted on physiology of apnea in scuba diving. No survey has been reported in fighting sports. Objective: To evaluate cardiovascular variations misled by voluntary apnea during groundwork techniques of judo training. Methods: The temporal evolution of heart rate and modifications of the blood pressure have been investigated during cross sectional and experimental study. A total of 28 Congolese judoists took part in the study. The voluntary apnea was achieved by a judoist to try to carry out two kinds of groundwork (hon-gesagatame and kamishiho-gatame). According to the case, Student t test and analysis of variance were used for comparing data. Multivariate analysis was used to evaluate the effect of “type of groundwork technique × category of weight”. Results: Between 0 and 3 seconds, tachycardia has been observed during the static groundwork techniques and then bradycardia occurred to 3 - 9 seconds for the dynamic groundwork techniques : +6.8% of the rest frequency versus -9.4% for hon-gesa;+4.9% versus -13.7% for kami-shiho. Thereafter, it followed a fluctuation of heart rate of 9 - 15 seconds. Beyond, a stagnation was noted for hongesa, whereas a minimal increase (<5%) for kami-shiho. In relation to the systolic arterial pressure, a meaningful rise was recovered: +46.5% (hon-gesa) versus +50.1% (kami-shiho) in static exercise;+43.4% (hon-gesa) versus +43.3% (kami-shiho) in dynamic exercise. The report was similar for the diastolic arterial pressure: +31.5% (hon-gesa) versus 30.0% (kami-shiho) in static exercise;+20.3% (hon-gesa) versus +23.8% (kami-shiho) in dynamic exercise. Conclusion: The apnea consecutive to the hindrance of an exit groundwork technique to judo drags bradycardia increased while exercise realized static posture, and a rise of the arterial pressure.

关键词： Apnea Heart Rate Arterial Pressure Groundwork Technique of Judo

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WLAN收发器

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电子产品世界 2003年第7A期10卷 31-31,34页

作者： alphonse Harter Maxim公司

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Evaluating Anaerobic Digestion Technology in Reducing the Quantity of Solid Waste: Case of Kigali Dumpsite

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Journal of Geoscience and Environment Protection 2020年第5期8卷 204-220页

作者： Nikuze Marie Joselyne Muthumbi Waweru Ayub N. Gitau Uliho alphonse Munyensanga Patrick Department of Environmental and Biosystems Engineering University of Nairobi Nairobi Kenya Department of Civil Environmental and Geomatics Engineering University of Rwanda Kigali Rwanda Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology Jiangnan University Wuxi China Department of Mechanical Engineering Diponegoro University Semarang Indonesia

Biodegradable organic matter constitutes a great portion of Municipal solid waste and comprises organic material which can be broken down by bacteria like paper, card, green waste, food waste, miscellaneous items with an organic element and fine materials. This paper mainly evaluated the potential of anaerobic digestion technology in reducing the quantity of solid waste destined to the dumpsite in Kigali city. The paper evaluates the viability of using biodegradable waste meant to the land where the biogas is produced and undertaking its cost & benefit analysis for chemical, physical and biological characteristics of municipal solids waste on anaerobic digestion technology. The quantity of municipal waste generated in Kigali city was used for designing the biodigester required. The paper indicates that the organic waste in Kigali city produces 457 L/kg DM of methane and the overall assessed value of methane was 51,384,375 L with the electricity derived from the methane of 180,873 KWh which is 54% of the daily demand in Kigali city. The volume of the biodigester was found to be 58,065 m3. Based on the energy recovered, revealed that cities will benefit this research for the population demand for the increased electricity.

关键词： Anaerobic Digestion Technology Biodegradable Waste Kigali Dumpsite Mu-nicipal Solid Waste Waste to Energy

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