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The Impacts of Flood and Local Communities’ Coping Strategies along the River Gambia

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American Journal of Climate Change 2024年第3期13卷 522-542页

作者： Edward Mendy Sêmihinva Akpavi Sidat Yaffa alpha Kargbo WASCAL-Graduate Research Program in Climate Change and Disaster Risk Management Universite de Lome Lome Togo Laboratory of Botany and Plant Ecology (LBPE) University of Lom Lome Togo School of Agriculture and Environmental Sciences University of The Gambia Kanifing The Gambia School of Arts and Sciences University of The Gambia Kanifing The Gambia

Flood disasters as Climate change hazards are common in developing countries, particularly in communities along the river Gambia. Local communities, for instance, had their local coping strategies that enabled them to stay in their communities even amid these ordeals, and climate change disaster threats. This work strives to understand flood impacts and the local peoples’ adaptation or coping strategies along the River Gambia basin. A community-based cross-sectional research study of 422 research participants of which 294 are males (69.7%) and females 128 (30.3%), and a focus group discussion of 10 groups which comprised 5 female groups and 5 male groups respectively found that 98.6% of the households experienced floods in their community, and 70.6% experienced flood in their houses, 2.1% have impending flood information and 88.4% do not know evacuation centres. The majority of the households had some local coping strategies, but they acknowledged their insufficient effectiveness. The result also shows that the impact of floods on farmlands, roads, buildings, and livestock was greatly felt. Coping strategies such as sandbags, raised elevations, contour bonds, dikes, and buildings on highlands were all found to be common mechanisms the local people used. The study opines that floods affect communities, but the effects vary depending on individual assets.

关键词： Coping Strategies Disaster Flood Impact Climate Change Hazard Local Communities

Analysis of the Characteristics of Materials Obtained by Recycling Scrap Metal in Guinea

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材料科学与工程（中英文A版） 2024年第1期14卷 1-10页

作者： alpha Issa Diallo Jean Ahmed Kourouma Adama Moussa Sakho Alexandre Lucien Richard Mechanical Laboratory Higher Institute of Technology of MamouMamou 063Republic of Guinea Materials Laboratory of Gamal Abdel Nasser University ConakryMamou1147Republic of Guinea Department of Laboratory Technology Higher Institute of Technology of MamouMamou 063Republic of Guinea

The aim of this study was to determine the quality of rebar produced from recycled scrap metal collected throughout the country,and imported rebar sold in the Republic of *** do this,the samples were subjected to various mechanical tests involving traction,bending and microscopic *** the Lambanyi and Casse Sonfonia samples,all the tensile strength values for diameters 12,14 and 16 were above 550 ***,the iron samples from Baillobaye and the 10 mm diameters of the samples from Casse Sonfonio and Lambanyi have less appreciable *** limits of elasticity were *** various values found vary more or less from the conventional yield strength of the NF A35-016 reference supplied by CBITEC,which is 500 *** analysis gives us an insight into the internal structure of the iron samples *** study may provide the company and the vendors with an alternative for their improvements.

关键词： Steel in construction recycled scrap strength test traction bending.

Practice of Glycemic Self-Monitoring in Diabetic Patients Followed at the Endocrinology Department of Donka University Hospital in Guinea

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Open Journal of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases 2024年第2期14卷 33-38页

作者： Mamadou Dian Mamoudou Diallo Mamadou Mansour Diallo Mamadou Chérif Diallo alpha Mamadou Diallo Kadija Dieng Abdoul Mazid Diallo Mody Abdoulaye Barry Kadidiatou Bah El’Hadj Zainoul Bah Mamadou alpha Diallo Ibrahima Condé Ousmane Kourouma Amadou Kaké Diabetology Unit Labe Regional Hospital Labé Guinea Faculty of Health Sciences and Techniques Gamal Abdel Nasser University of Conakry Conakry Guinea Endocrinology and Diabetology Department of Donka University Hospital Conakry Guinea Pediatrics Department of Donka University Hospital Conakry Guinea

Diabetes is a chronic pathology whose evolution is marked by micro and macroangiopathic complications. Optimal management can prevent the onset of complications and improve patients’ quality of life. Objectives: To determine the frequency of self-monitoring of blood glucose and to describe the errors found during self-monitoring in diabetic patients followed at the Endocrinology Department of Donka University Hospital in Guinea. Materials and methods: Descriptive cross-sectional study carried out between August and September 2020 involving diabetic patients followed up at the Endocrinology and Diabetology Department of the Donka National Hospital, CHU Conakry. Results: A total of 301 patients were enrolled, with an average age of 44.24 ± 21.01 years. 64.12% were female. Type 2 diabetes predominated in 64% of cases. The mean duration of diabetes was 6.14 ± 4.67 years, and 75.08% of patients lived in urban areas. Patients were on insulin in 36.21% of cases, insulin and biguanides (26.25%), hypoglycemic sulfonamide and biguanides (19.27%) and biguanides in 18.27% of cases. The frequency of self-monitoring of blood glucose was 43%, and 38% of patients made errors, notably reusing lancets (60%), not checking the expiration date (55.65%) and not washing their hands (48%). Conclusion: This study shows that self-monitoring of blood glucose is not performed by the majority of patients. Numerous errors were identified during blood glucose testing. Continued therapeutic education on the use of blood glucose meters will help empower patients and improve their quality of life.

关键词： Self-Monitoring of Blood Glucose Diabetes Conakry University Hospital

Psychosocial Aspects of Male Infertility at the Service of Urology-Andrology of the Hospital of the Sino-Guinean Friendship

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Open Journal of Urology 2024年第7期14卷 400-406页

作者： Alimou Diallo Thierno Oumar Diallo alpha Oumar Barry Ibrahima Bah Abdoulaye Bobo Diallo Oumar Raphiou Bah Urology Department of the Hospital of the Sino-Guinean Friendship Faculty of Health Sciences and Technologies Gamal Abdel Nasser University of Conakry Conakry Guinea Urology Department of National Ignace Deen Hospital Faculty of Health Sciences and Technologies Gamal Abdel Nasser University of Conakry Conakry Guinea

Objective: Describe the psychosocial aspects of male infertility at the hospital of the Sino-Guinean Friendship. Patients and method: It is a prospective study of a descriptive type covering a period of 6 months. The study covered 17 patients, all received for a desire to conceive after at least one year of regular sexual intercourse without contraception. The data were collected from patient interviews using a pre-established questionnaire. Results: The average age of the patients was 32.07 years with extremes of 23 years and 42 years. During this study, 64.70% of patients were no longer participating in community ceremonies. The patients’ relationships with their spouse and family deteriorated in 52.94% and 47.06%, respectively. Conversely, relations with the family of origin remained unchanged in 70.59 percent of cases. The reduction in economic activity was by 13 patients (76.48%). Conclusion: Male infertility causes a real psychic earthquake in men with its corollaries of negative feelings. The rather complex moral repercussions of male infertility affect not only the individual, his/her partner, and family, but also economic activity.

关键词： Male Infertility Psycho-Social Aspect Psychic Earthquake

Contribution to Computer Waste Management:Knowledge of the Regulatory Framework by Industry Stakeholders in Guinea

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Journal of Environmental Science and Engineering(A) 2024年第5期13卷 156-164页

作者： Fatoumata Sylla Ansoumane Sakouvogui Saran Camara Mamadou Sanoussy Camara Mamadou Kabirou Bah alpha Issiaga Diallo Center for Environmental Studies and Research Gamal Abdel Nasser University of ConakryConakryBP 1615Guinea Energy Department Higher Institute of Technology of MamouMamouBP 63Guinea Telecommunication Department Polytechnic InstituteGamal Abdel Nasser University of ConakryConakryBP 1615Guinea

In African countries,regulations on the management of WTE(Waste from Information Technology Equipment)are non-existent or sometimes insufficient,if they *** study shows how to mention waste from information technology equipment in a country that does not have a regulatory legislative framework or organized management channels.A methodological approach based on documentary research and semi-directed interviews was adopted in this *** results showed that 54.55%of institutional managers are unaware of the existence of regulations for the management of WTE,both at the national and international levels;72.72%of these managers do not have a specific implementing text for this management;72.73%of institutions have adopted an acquisition policy based on the needs of workers and 81.82%of institutions store WTE in *** with waste collection SMEs(Small and Midsize Enterprises),especially for IT equipment,are limited for 72.73%of *** terms of improving the capacity to manage WEEE(Waste Electrical and Electronic Equipment),90.91%of institutions do not offer training or awareness ***,no significant indicators are in place to assess WEEE management in institutions,which reflects a lack of commitment and awareness among institutional *** addition,there are no financial means for ecological and sustainable *** 27.27%of managers are aware of the dangers to human health and the environment related to IT equipment,they are often unaware of the harmful consequences of abandoning it in nature.

关键词： Waste IT equipment legal frameworks regulations informal management

Epidemiology and Histopathology of Cancers of the Upper Aerodigestive Tract in the ENT and Head and Neck Surgery Department of the Ignace Deen National Hospital

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International Journal of Otolaryngology and Head & Neck Surgery 2024年第4期13卷 259-274页

作者： Mamadou Mouctar Ramata Diallo Oumou Amadou Diallo Raphan Madi Kaba Keita Ousmane Barry Abdoulaye Keita alpha Oumar Diallo Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery Mamou Regional Hospital Mamou Guinea Faculty of Health Sciences and Techniques Gamal Abdel Nasser University of Conakry Conakry Guinea Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery Ignace Deen National Hospital Conakry Guinea Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery NZrkor Regional Hospital NZrkor Guinea Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery Donka National Hospital Conakry Guinea

Introduction: Head and neck cancers represent a significant burden of cancer, collectively ranking fourth for cancer incidence and second for cancer mortality worldwide. Objective: To study the epidemiological and histopathological aspects of head and neck cancers in the ENT-CCF department of Ignace Deen National Hospital. Materials and Methods: This was a descriptive retrospective study covering a period of 5 years from September 1, 2016, to September 30, 2021. Results: We collected 43 cases of head and neck cancers, representing a hospital frequency of 1.85%. The mean age was 45.21 ± 13.23 years. Males predominated, accounting for 65.12%, compared to 34.88% for females, with a male-to-female ratio of 1.87. Housewives accounted for 27.90%, followed by farmers at 23.26% and traders/merchants at 18.60%, with 41.86% being uneducated. The main risk factors were tobacco (37.21%) and alcohol (34.88%). Pain (53.49%), dysphonia (51.16%), and dyspnea (39.53%) were the main presenting symptoms. Squamous cell carcinoma (74.42%) and large cell lymphoma (18.60%) were the most commonly cited histological types. Conclusion: Head and neck cancers remain relatively common in our country. Improving prognosis depends on early diagnosis of the condition, resuscitation resources, and prompt management.

关键词： Cancer Head and Neck Histopathology Ignace Deen National Hospital

Acute Otitis Media in Children Aged 0-5 Years, Epidemiological Aspects and Management in the Paediatrics Department of the Hospital National Ignace Deen (Conakry)

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Open Journal of Epidemiology 2024年第1期14卷 19-30页

作者： Oumou Amadou Diallo M’bemba Traore Mamadou Cire Barry Mamadou Mouctar Ramata Diallo Hasmiou Dia alpha Oumar Diallo ENT Department Ignace Deen National Hospital Conakry Guinea Paediatrics Department Ignace Deen National Hospital Conakry Guinea ENT Department Mamou Regional Hospital Mamou Guinea

Introduction: Acute otitis media is an acute inflammation of the mucosa of the middle ear cavities. It is often secondary to nasopharyngitis, which favors the passage of infection through the Eustachian tube to the middle ear. The aim of our study was to improve the management of AOM in the Paediatric Department of the Hospital National Ignace Deen (Conakry). Patients and Methods: This was a prospective descriptive study lasting 6 months from 01 July to 31 December 2011;the study covered 525 cases out of a total of 6276 children, i.e. a frequency of 8.36%. Results: The most affected age group was 6 to 11 months. Males predominated (69.71%). 82.29% had a history of recurrent rhinopharyngitis. The most frequent reason for consultation was incessant crying (66.29%). Rhinopharyngitis and malaria were the most commonly associated pathologies (87.62% and 39.62% respectively). 72.19% of our patients were admitted with congestive AOM and received medical treatment. We recorded one case of otomastoiditis which was treated surgically. Conclusion: AOM is more common in children aged between 6 and 24 months. Good collaboration between paediatricians and ENT specialists is essential to reduce the morbidity of AOM.

关键词： Acute Otitis Media (AOM) Treatment Nasopharyngitis Eustachian Tube

Study of the Characteristics of Large-Diameter Iron Bars Obtained by Rolling at the ODHAV Foundry in the Republic of Guinea

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Journal of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering 2024年第6期12卷 43-54页

作者： alpha Issa Diallo Jean Ahmadou Kourouma Adama Moussa Sakho Younoussa Moussa Baldé Mamadou Madaniou Sow Alexandre Lucien Richard Mechanical Laboratory Higher Institut of Technology of Mamou Mamou Republic of Guinea Materials Laboratory of the Gamal Abdel Nasser University of Conakry Conakry Republic of Guinea Dpartment of Laboratory Technology Higher Institut of Technology of Mamou Mamou Republic of Guinea Department of Energy Science Higher Institut of Technology of Mamoun Mamou Republic of Guinea

This work consists of evaluating the quality of the mechanical parameters of large-diameter steels, i.e. 20, 25, 28 and 32, through a process of recycling scrap metal that fills garages, rubbish dumps, gutters and other abandoned sites, as well as imported concrete reinforcing steel sold in the Republic of Guinea. To carry out this important work, a number of mechanical tensile and bending tests and a microscopic analysis combining two devices, an electron microscope and a photographic camera, were carried out. The samples were taken from sampling areas in the major communes of Conakry, namely: Casse Sonfonia, Matoto and Kagbélen. The tensile strength values of the large dimensions 20, 25, 28 and 32 are given in the tables.

关键词： Recycled Scrap Large Diameter Rolling Tensile Testing Bending

Prevalence of Diabetes and Hypertension on World Diabetes Day 2022 in Guinea

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Open Journal of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases 2024年第1期14卷 1-6页

作者： Mamadou Dian Mamoudou Diallo Mamadou Mansour Diallo Mamadou Chérif Diallo Mamadou alpha Diallo alpha Mamadou Diallo Mody Abdoulaye Barry Kadija Dieng Abdoul Mazid Diallo El’Hadj Zainoul Bah Kadidiatou Bah Amatoulaye Diallo Amadou Kaké Naby Moussa Baldé Oumou Baldé Unité de Diabétologie H&#244pital régional de Labé Labe Guinea Université de Conakry Conakry Guinea Service de Diabétologie CHU Donka Conakry Guinea Fondation de Lutte Contre le diabète et MNT Conakry Guinea

Introduction: Diabetes mellitus and hypertension are chronic diseases that are on the rise and pose a major public health problem among the priorities of healthcare systems. Objectives: Determine the prevalence of diabetes and hypertension and describe the sociodemographic characteristics of those screened. Materials and Methods: This was a cross-sectional study organized during a diabetes and hypertension screening campaign that took place in Conakry and five (05) inland regions on November 14, 2022. Results: 2050 people were screened, of whom 33.12% were housewives, the average age was 44.78 ± 16.23 years, and 55.27% were women. The screening sites were the city of Conakry 741 (36.15%), the Labé region 424 (20.68%), the N’Zérékoré region 298 (14.54%), the Faranah region 241 (11.75%), the Mamou region 210 (10.24%) and the Boké region 136 (6.63%). The prevalence of diabetes and hypertension were respectively 12.5% and 43.38% for the Boké region;6.19% and 16.19% for the Mamou region;3.02% and 21.81% for the N’Zérékoré region;31.95% and 13.69% for the Faranah region;9.67% and 20.28% for the Labé region;2.83% and 20.28% for the city of Conakry. Conclusion: Despite the limitations of the study duration, our series highlighted the high prevalence of diabetes and hypertension among people screened on World Diabetes Day 2022. Raising public awareness of a healthy lifestyle is essential for the prevention and control of diabetes and hypertension.

关键词： Prevalence Diabetes Hypertension