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Trend Analysis in Rainfall, Reference Evapotranspiration and Aridity Index in Southern Senegal: Adaptation to the Vulnerab.lity of Rainfed Rice Cultivation to Climate Change

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Atmospheric and Climate Sciences 2017年第4期7卷 476-495页

作者： Komlan Koudahe Koffi Djaman Ansoumana b.dian Suat Irmak Mamadou Sall Lamine Diop alpha b. balde Daran R. Rudnick Direction des Filières Végétales (DFV) MAEH Lomé Togo Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences New Mexico State University Agricultural Science Center at Farmington Farm-ington NM USA Lab.ratoire Leïdi “Dynamique des territoires et développement” Université Gaston Berger (UGB) Saint Louis Sénégal Department of b.ological Systems Engineering University of Nebraska-Lincoln Chase Hall Lincoln NE USA Research Scientist Institut Senegalais de Recherches Agricoles Centre de Saint Louis Saint Louis Sénégal UFR S2ATA Université Gaston Berger (UGB) Saint Louis Sénégal Institut Sénégalais de Recherches Agricoles Bambey Sénégal

Rainfall and evapotranspiration are two vital elements for food production under rainfed agriculture. This study aims at investigating the comb.ned changes in these variab.es in the form of aridly index in the southern Senegal. The temporal trends in annual and monthly (from May to Octob.r) aridity index, rainfall and evapotranspiration are examined and adaptation strategies to the vulnerab.lity of rainfed rice cultivation to the changes are developed. The results show a significant decreasing trend in annual rainfall at all study locations for the period 1922-2015. When analyzing the trends in sub.periods, there are two clear patterns in the annual rainfall series: a decreasing trend for the period 1922-1979 and a reversal increasing trend for the period 1980-2015. An increasing trend is also ob.erved in annual reference evapotranspiration. The results reveal that the region will b. drier with a significant increase in aridity at the annual and most monthly series. Appropriate adaptation strategies should b. implemented to diminish the adverse influence of the increasing aridity on rice productivity for a sustainab.e agriculture.

关键词： Variation Evapotranspiration Rainfall Aridity Index Senegal Rainfed Rice

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b.eakdown Mechanic Location Prob.em

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Applied Mathematics 2012年第5期3卷 467-472页

作者： Cheikh b. Djib. Mamadou balde b.b.car M. Ndiaye Roger M. Faye Diaraf Seck Lab.ratory of Information Processing ESP Cheikh Anta Diop University Dakar Senegal Lab.ratory of Mathematics of Decision and Numerical Analysis Cheikh Anta Diop University Dakar Senegal Unité Mixte Internationale UMMISCO Institut de Recherche pour le Développement Bondy France

This paper studies the prob.em of locating b.eakdown mechanic. We consider a pub.ic transport network in which it can provide b.ses failure. The ob.ective is, taking into account the statistics of b.eakdowns registered on the network, to locate optimally b.eakdown mechanics so as to minimize the response time (to ensure the network coverage of b.eak- down mechanics). In this work, we present a b.nary linear programming model for this location prob.em which provides assignments-locations of areas served. Once the location made, we discuss dynamic assignment of b.eakdown mechan- ics depending on their position in the network at a given time t. Numerical simulation results are presented b.sed on real data of urb.n transportation society of Dakar Dem Dikk.

关键词： Optimization Location Assignment Urb.n Transportation Network

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Optimizing Dead Mileage in Urb.n b.s Routes. Dakar Dem Dikk Case Study

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Journal of Transportation Technologies 2012年第3期2卷 241-247页

作者： Cheikh b. Djib. Mamadou balde b.b.car M. Ndiaye Roger M. Faye Diaraf Seck Lab.ratory of Information Processing ESP Dakar Cheikh Anta Diop University BP: 5085 Dakar Senegal Lab.ratory of Mathematics of Decision and Numerical Analysis FASEG Cheikh Anta Diop University BP: 45087 Dakar-Fann Dakar Senegal Unit Mixte Internationale Ummisco Institut de Recherche pour le Dveloppement Bondy France

This paper studies the b.ses assignment from their depots to their routes starting points in urb.n transportation network. It describ.s a computational study to solve the dead mileage minimization to optimality. The ob.ective of this work is to assign the b.ses to depots while optimizing dead mileage associated with pull-out trips and pull-in trips. To do so, a new mixed-integer programming model with 0 - 1 variab.es is proposed which takes into account the specificity of the b.ses of Dakar Dem Dikk (the main pub.ic transportation company in Dakar). This company manages a fleet of b.ses which, depending on road conditions some b.ses cannot circulate on some roads of the network. Thus, b.ses are classified into two categories and are assigned b.sed on these categories. The related mixed-integer 0 - 1 linear program is solved efficiently to minimize the cumulative distance covered b. all b.ses. Numerical simulations on real datasets are presented.

关键词： Glob.l Optimization Dead Mileage Assignment Urb.n Transportation Twocolumnfalse

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Diagnosis of Peritoneum Tub.rculosis during a Herniotomy

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Open Journal of Pediatrics 2020年第4期10卷 661-665页

作者： I. Oualili K. Khattala F. b. balde A. b.utahar A. Mahmoudi Y. b.uab.ellah Department of Pediatric Surgery University Hospital Center Hassan II Fez Morocco

b.ckground: Tub.rculosis is still a pub.ic health prob.em in the third world. The peritoneal localization is common even in pediatric patients. The macroscopics aspects of the peritoneal and/or intestine granulations ... 详细信息

b.ckground: Tuberculosis is still a public health problem in the third world. The peritoneal localization is common even in pediatric patients. The macroscopics aspects of the peritoneal and/or intestine granulations are pathognomonic. However, its diagnosis by an inguinal hernia is exceptional. Our work aims to discuss the particularities of this unusual presentation of peritoneal tuberculosis.b. Case report:b. A 10-year-old girl who presented with a painless inguinal hernia. In per operatory, there was a granulomatous inflammation of the vaginalis process. The diagnosis of tuberculosis was confirmed by histopathologic study and the patient started the anti-tuberculosis drugs. After one year of follow-up, the girl is good and has no symptoms. b.Discussion:b. Opinions are divided when to cure the hernia. Is it necessary to do a laparoscopic exploration and biopsy then to secondarily cure the hernia;or go through the inguinal way to cure the hernia and do a peritoneal biopsy? In our case, we performed by the same surgical time the cure of the hernia and the biopsy and it did not impact negatively the follow-up. b.Conclusion:b. This revelation mode of peritoneal tuberculosis by inguinal hernia is exceptional but possible.

关键词： Inguinal Hernia Tub.rculosis

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Post-Traumatic Gallb.adder Injury in Children: Case Rapport

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Open Journal of Pediatrics 2020年第3期10卷 570-575页

作者： F. b. balde T. Mukengue I. Oualili Z. b.nmassaoud K. Khatalla A. Mahmoudi Y. b.uab.allah Sidi Mohamed b.n Ab.allah University Hassan II University and Hospital Center Fez Morocco

Post-traumatic injuries of the gall b.adder are rare. We report through a clinical description of its physio-pathological and evolutionary aspects. A 14-year-old b.y was received 48 hours after a stab.ing attack. After initial haemorrhage, the patient presented clinical improvement;then a sudden deterioration with vague symptoms and disturb.nce of the hepatic b.lance. The ab.ominal CT scan revealed a perivesicular hematoma with a focus on hepatic contusion. Laparoscopy showed a penetrating sore of the liver, b.t the exploration was limited b. an important inflammation of the digestive tract. The diagnosis of gall b.adder perforation was made during the operation. We performed a cholecystectomy b. laparotomy. Postoperative evolution was simple, removal of the slides at D + 4 and discharged at D + 7 postoperative after improvement. At the 6th month, he presented an acute intestinal ob.truction on b.idles, managed at emergency b. open surgery. After one year of follow up, the patient has no symptoms. We note that the vague clinical presentation and the limit of imaging examinations made the early diagnosis of a vesicular perforation a real challenge for the clinician. Cholecystectomy remains the optimal treatment.

关键词： Gall b.adder Trauma Perforation

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An Unusual and Fatal Case of Perthes’ Syndrome

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Open Journal of Pediatrics 2020年第3期10卷 515-520页

作者： F. b. balde I. Oualil I. Sidib. T. Mukenge A. Mahmoudi M. b.rdai K. Khatalla Y. b.uab.allah Department of Pediatric Surgery Hassan II Hospital and University Centre Fez Morocco Mother and Child Resuscitation Service Hassan II Hospital and University Centre Fez Morocco

Perthes syndrome includes cervical and facial cyanosis, sub.onjunctival haemorrhage, petechial haemorrhages on the face, neck, and upper chest, secondary to chest compression. We report a clinical case of Perthes’ syndrome in 3-year-old b.y victims of chest crush b. a tractor. Clinical examination found: a Glasgow score at 13/15, polypnea, tachycardia, hypotension;wound of the occipital scalp, a low ab.ndance of hematuria, deformation of the left lower limb. b.dy scan: b.lateral pneumothorax and pulmonary contusions, left hemothorax;lacerations at the medial and upper renal pole grade IV, a low ab.ndance of retroperitoneal hematoma, fracture of the left femur. b.ological assessment showed major metab.lic disturb.nces with severe acute rhab.omyolysis and multi-visceral failure. Without clinical improvement, the patient died after 36 hours of intensive care.

关键词： Perthes Syndrome Traumatic Asphyxia Complications Lethal

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Uterine Prolapse: The Other Exceptional Complication of Spina b.fida in Newb.rns

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Open Journal of Pediatrics 2021年第1期11卷 50-54页

作者： T. Mukenge F. b. balde Z. b.nmassaoud I. Oualili O. Alaoui A. Mahmoudi K. Khattala Y. b.uab.allah Department of Pediatric Surgery Hassan II University Hospital Fez Morocco Sidi Mohamed b.n Ab.ellah University Fez Morocco

Introduction: Spina b.fida is the most common neural tub. defect. Uterine prolapse is an exceptional presentation of its complications. We aim to describ. the clinical and progressive features of uterine prolapse in a... 详细信息

Introduction: Spina bifida is the most common neural tube defect. Uterine prolapse is an exceptional presentation of its complications. We aim to describe the clinical and progressive features of uterine prolapse in a newborn baby with spina bifida. b.Observation:b. 19-day-old newborn. Admitted for spina bifida. The clinical examination showed an anal gaping, the presence of uterovaginal prolapse and bilateral equine varus clubfoot. The particularity was that this prolapse had a spontaneous resolution but appears with screams. We made a compression bandage at the time of resolution. After a 6-month of follow-up, the baby is in good general condition and, there is no recurrence of the prolapse. b.Conclusion:b. Uterine prolapse is a rare complication of spina bifida. The main therapeutic component remains the prevention of spina bifida.

关键词： Uterovaginal Prolapse Congenital Spina b.fida

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Physicochemical Characterisation for Potential Uses as Industrial Mineral of b.uxite from Déb.#233;lé, Guinea

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Journal of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering 2021年第3期9卷 9-22页

作者： Mamadou Yaya balde Chantale Njiomou Djangang Ramatoulaye b.nta Diallo Philippe b.anchart Daniel Njopwouo Department of Inorganic Chemistry University of Yaounde I Yaounde Cameroon Department of Chemistry University Gamal Abdel Nasser of Conakry Conakry Guinea Institute of Research for Ceramics—IRCER Limoges France

Assessing the potential uses as industrial mineral, b.uxite from Déb.lé, Guinea, has b.en characterised b. chemical and mineralogical analyses, the determination of the amorphous content, the rate of portlandite consumption in an aqueous solution, the strength activity index, and the thermal b.haviour up to 1200°C. It was evidenced that the raw sample is gib.site-rich type b.uxite with ab.ut 45.06 wt% of alumina, 23.80 wt% of iron oxide, and 1.74 wt% of silica. It meets the chemical composition required for b.uxites used for refractory cement. During heating, the raw b.uxite undergoes high densification with low linear shrinkage, motivating a potential use in dense ceramic compositions with high thermal stab.lity. Also, the heating at only 600°C gives a significant pozzolanic activity in comb.nation with Portland cement. The correlation b.tween the pozzolanicity, the amorphous phase content, and the specific surface area indicated that the raw and the calcined materials present an interesting reactivity for using them in alternative cement formulations.

关键词： b.uxite Characteristics Industrial Mineral Guinea

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Impact of Extraction on b.ochemical Properties and Antioxidant Potential of Momordica charantia L. Seeds’ Oil

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Food and Nutrition Sciences 2022年第2期13卷 147-164页

作者： balde Samb. Ayessou Nicolas Cyrille Khadim Niane b.u Ndiaye Mady Cisse Codou Mar Diop Centre d’Etude sur la Sécurité Alimentaire et les Molécules fonctionnelles (CESAM) Université Cheikh Anta DIOP de Dakar Fann Sénégal

In this study, the influence of provenance and extraction methods on the physicochemical properties and the antioxidant potential of M. charantia seeds oil were evaluated. The oil is ob.ained on the one hand b. cold extraction with hexane and on the other hand b. hot extraction with soxhlet. The results ob.ained show that the extraction yield is significantly impacted b. the extraction methods and the origin of the seeds. In addition, the soxhlet extraction gives a higher oil yield (32.07 ± 0.01). Cold extraction has made it possib.e to ob.ain oils with less attenuated physicochemical characteristics. Indeed, the acid numb.rs are high in the oils extracted b. soxhlet (5.92 ± 0.25;4.25 ± 0.62 and 13.86 ± 0.83) than in those cold extracted with very low peroxide for all the oils ob.ained. On the other hand, the iodine and refractive indices are high in oils ob.ained cold (91.58 ± 0.85;100.74 ± 0.03 and 102.08 ± 0.28) (1.53 ± 0.01;1.52 ± 0.01 and 1.52 ± 0.01) with low saponification indices. The polyphenol concentrations and the anti-free radical activity are higher with the oils ob.ained cold (0.086 ± 0.001;0.08 ± 0.000 and 0.09 ± 0.01 mgEAG/g of oil) and (DPPH) (55.75% ± 1.16%;55.03% ± 0.72% and 56.35% ± 0.45%). The color parameters (L*, a* and b.) of the different oils extracted also vary depending on the extraction method used. Principal Component Analysis (PCA) and correlation analysis were performed on the physicochemical properties and the antioxidant potential of the extracted oils. Therefore, the results suggest cold extraction to ob.ain a good quality and oxidation resistant oil.

关键词： Momordica charantia Oil Antioxidant Potential Extraction

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Skin Manifestations of HIV Infection in Children in Pediatric Services of Conakry University Hospital (Guinea)

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Journal of Cosmetics, Dermatological Sciences and Applications 2018年第2期8卷 39-46页

作者： M.MSoumah M.A.b.ngoura M.Keita T.M.Tounkara b.F.Diane D.Sylla H.balde F.b.Sako F.Keita M.Cisse Department of Dermatology-STD in the University Hospital of Donka ConakryGuinea Derpartment of Paediatry in the University Hospital of Donka ConakryGuinea Department of Intensives Cares Medico-Surgeon Urgences in the University Hospital of DonkaConakryGuinea Department of Tropical Infection Diseases in the University Hospital of Donka ConakryGuinea

Introduction: Dermatological manifestations during HIV infection play a diagnostic and prognostic role. They are ob.erved in 83% - 98% of patients at the late stage of AIDS and 58% - 75% at an early stage of AIDS. The ob.ective of this study was to determine the prevalence of skin diseases in HIV in children, describ.s the demographic profile and identify key dermatoses. Material and methods: This was a prospective study of descriptive kind conducted from August 25, 2009 to Feb.uary 25, 2010. It involved children infected with HIV followed in pediatric services at the University Hospital of Conakry. All children were examined b. an experienced dermatologist. The diagnosis of dermatosis was made according to the clinical signs. The stages of HIV infection were determined according to the WHO classification. Each child received retroviral serology rapid tests according to national algorithm. Results: Among 119 HIV-positive children 65 showed mucocutaneous manifestations, there are 34 girls and 31 b.ys, all HIV-1 infected with 66.16% in stage III disease. The average age was 7 years, ranging from 11 months to 15 years. 66.15% of the children were from married mothers and more than half of the mothers were illiterate. They were all positive for HIV1. Oral candidiasis (38.46%), prurigo (29.23%) and molluscum contagiosum (7.69%) were the most common skin diseases;52.31% had at least two associated dermatoses. The candidiasis-prurigo comb.nation (26.47%) was the most common. Dermatosis was often associated with other conditions: malaria (30.76%), pulmonary tub.rculosis (25.61%) and malnutrition (12.30%). Discussion: With 65 cases diagnosed in six months our study shows that skin diseases are common in HIV among children in Guinea. The prevalence and socio-demographic characteristics are close to those reported b. sub.saharian and North African authors. A special feature of the study is that most mothers are illiterate and are infected with HIV, which would have favored the

关键词： Skin Manifestations HIV Infection Children Epidemiology Paediatry

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