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Effect of Rootstocks on Growth, Yield and Bean Quality of Coffea canephora Clones

Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology(B) 2013年第6期3卷 429-438页

作者： aloysius adi prawoto fitria yuliasmara Indonesian Coffee and Cocoa Research Institute (ICCRI) PB. Sudirman 90 Jember Indonesia

Coffee cultivation on dry area lately faces more often drought condition because of global warming effect. One effort to solve the problem is by using tolerant clones or varieties as the rootstocks. The aim of this research is to observe influence of BP 308, BP 409, and Exelsa as rootstocks, on growth, yield and bean quality of BP 409, BP 534, BP 936 and BP 939 clones as scions. The research was conducted in Temanggung district of Central Java, Indonesia, using randomized complete block design with 5 replications 10 plants per replication. The result showed that rootstock influenced stem height and number of branches, leaf relative water content （RWC） during dry season, but not stem diameter. BP 308 and BP 409 rootstocks supplied water more than Exelsa, it seem RWC scion on both rootstocks were higher （82.0%） than that of Exelsa （80.0%）. Exelsa rootstock cause scion grow more slowly, so bean yield was lower than on BP 308 and BP 409. Yield accumulation until 4 years old on Exelsa was 55% to BP 308, and 52.2% to BP 409 rootstock. Yield of BP 939/BP 308 and BP 409/BP 409 （scion/rootstock） tend to the highest. Rootstocks did not influence percentage of normal and abnormal beans and the outturns. Bean outturn was more influenced by clones. Exelsa rootstock improves caffeine content, body, astringent and bitterness characters of scion cherries, but decreases fragrance and aroma characters of scion yield. It is concluded that farther taxonomical relationship of rootstock, their influence on scion growth, yield and cup test characters are stronger.

关键词： Coffeac anephora exelsa rootstock scion relative water content yield caffeine cup quality

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Impact of Teak （Tectona grandis Linn.） Thinning Out and Peacock-plume [Paraserianthes falcataria L. （1. Nielsen）] Harvesting on Mineral Cycle, Pod Rot Incidence, Changing of Cocoa Yield, and Land Productivity in Indonesia

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Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology(A) 2012年第4期2卷 438-448页

作者： aloysius adi prawoto Indonesian Coffee and Cocoa Research Institute （ICCRI） PB. Sudirman 90 Jember Indonesia

In 2009, Indonesia was included in a group of the ten biggest countries emitting greenhouse gases, and forest sector contributes 85%. This forest exploitation should be stopped, and by this research the industrial wood species with special planting pattern was used as cocoa shade trees. The experiment was conducted in East Java, Indonesia, altitude 45 m above sea level using four planting patterns, i.e. （A） cocoa-Tectona grandis Linn. 3 m x 6 m, （B） cocoa-T, grandis 6 m x 4.2 m ~ 4.2 m （triangle）, （C） cocoa-Paraserianthesfalcataria L. （I. Nielsen） 3 m ~ 6 m, and （D） cocoa-Leucaena sp. 3 m ~ 6 m （control）. Cocoa was planted in 3 m ~ 3 m distance; between rows of teak and Paraserianthes was planted. Cassia surithensis of 3 m distance in the row, as reserve shade trees. At 6 year old, Paraserianthes was harvested, and at 7 year old, teak trees were thinned out 50% population for A and 66.7% for B treatments. The result showed that cocoa agroforestry by using timber trees in regular planting pattern and accurate spacing did not decrease cocoa yield but improved land productivity. Paraserianthes harvesting produced 0.71 m3 timber and the price was US$38.0-US $40.0 per tree, while teak thinning out produced 0.07 m3 wood per tree and it cost was US$5 per tree. From 108 Paraserianthes trees harvested, 81 cocoa trees were affected, 11.9% were seriously damage, 6.85% were medium damage, and 5.36% were light damage. On the other hand, teak spacing did not cause serious damage on cocoa trees. Biomass of harvested Paraserianthes and teak supplied back to soil 543 g and 250 g per tree respectively for equalities to total urea, SP 36, KC1, Kieserite and Dolomite. Paraserianthes harvest and teak thinning out made microclimate to be warmer, humidity to be lower, so pod rot incidence become lower and pod yield was improved, namely 71% and 27.25% for Paraserianthes plot and teak plot, respectively. Harvesting of Paraserianthes produced benefit/cost plot of 43.63, and teak thinning out

关键词： Cocoa timber shade trees thinning out pod rot mineral cycle yield land productivity benefit/cost.

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