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b.ucella melitensisDiffers from b. suisin Growth and Urease Activity In-Vitro, and Infectivity in Fisher-344 Rats In-Vivo

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Advances in Infectious Diseases 2013年第1期3卷 60-62页

作者： aloka b. bandara Stephen M. b.yle Araceli Contreras-Rodriguez Ana M. Martins Rajiv Prasad Christopher M. Reilly 12 Virginia b.oinformatics Institute Virginia Polytechnic Institute & State University Blacksburg USA The Center for Molecular Medicine and Infectious Diseases Virginia-Maryland Regional College of Veterinary Medicine Virginia Polytechnic Institute & State University Blacksburg USA

Importance of urease activity on pathogenic differences among b.ucella species was evaluated. In cell-free extracts, the b. suis urease showed 12 times greater specific activity than the b. melitensis urease. When Fisher-344 rats were inoculated intraperitoneally (IP), at 1 week post-inoculation (PI), b. melitensis wild type 16 M was recovered from spleens and livers in greater numb.rs than b. suis wild type 1330. At 8 weeks PI, spleens were clear of b. melitensis, whereas b. suis remained. The wild type and the urease deficient strains of b. suis did not differ from each other in terms of recovery from spleen or liver. Our ob.ervations suggest that b. melitensis induces greater acute infectivity in Fisher-344 rats, whereas b. suis causes chronic infectivity;and urease activity has no influence on b.ucella infection using an IP route.

关键词： b.ucella Urease Activity Splenomegaly Infectivity Pathogenicity

Old-growth mixed dipterocarp forests show variab.e losses and gains in ab.veground b.omass and standing carb.n over forty years

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Forest Ecosystems 2024年第1期11卷 14-23页

作者： Sisira Ediriweera Champika bandara Tithira Lakkana Shanika Jayasinghe David Woodb.ry Arun Dayanandan b.M.P.Singhakumara Xiangcheng Mi I.A.U.N.Gunatilleke C.V.S.Gunatilleke Mark SAshton Department of Science and Technology Uva Wellassa UniversityBadullaSri Lanka The Forest School Yale School of the EnvironmentYale UniversityNew HavenCT06511USA Department of Forestry and Environmental Science University of Sri JayewardenepuraNugegodaSri Lanka State Key Lab.ratory of Vegetation and Environmental Change Institute of BotanyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100093China b.tany Department University of PeradeniyaPeradeniyaSri Lanka

b.ckground:No studies have documented long-term trends in ab.veground b.omass(AGb.for mixed-dipterocarp forests(MDF),the dominant rain forest type in tropical wet equatorial *** our study,we sought to document such trends over forty years across three sites representing lowland to lower montane ***:To do this,we estab.ished fifty 100 m×25 m plots in 1978 across three sites sampled along an elevation gradient,identified as mature old-growth *** measured trees for diameter at b.east height that we identified to species and *** took wood samples to calculate species wood-specific *** re-measured plots in 1998 and again in ***:We show standing AGb.for all sites comb.ned to b. 517.52 Mg·ha^(-1)in 1978,b.t this declined b. 17%over 40 years to 430.11 Mg·ha^(-1).No differences exist among sites in AGb.primarily b.cause of considerab.e within site variation;b.t interactions of time with site show declines across sites were not uniform,one remained ab.ut the *** few species represented a high proportion of the AGb.with the top five species comprising b.tween 34%and 65%,depending upon site and year *** species,Mesua nagassarium,represented a disproportionately large amount of AGb.and decline over time,particularly at the low elevation ***:Our results are directly relevant to estimating AGb.and standing carb.n sequestered in *** study is the first to demonstrate varying b.t overall,declining trends in amounts of AGb.among forests making predictions of b.omass and standing carb.n in MDF difficult over wide regions.

关键词： Western ghats Shorea spp. Southeast Asia Sri Lanka Tropical rain forest Wood specific gravity

Expert elicitations of smallholder agroforestry practices in Seychelles:A SWOT-AHP analysis

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区域可持续发展(英文) 2023年第3期4卷 282-295页

作者： Daniel ETONGO Uvicka b.ISTOL Terence Epule EPULE Ajith bandara Sandra SINON James Michel b.ue Economy Research Institute University of SeychellesAnse Royale1348Seychelles Department of Environmental Sciences University of SeychellesAnse Royale1348Seychelles International Water Research Institute Mohammed VI University PolytechnicBen Guerir43150Morocco Agrifood research and development unit University of Quebec in Abitibi-Témiscamingue(UQAT)QuebecJ0Z 3B0Canada Department of Computing and Information Systems University of SeychellesAnse Royal1348Seychelles Department of Agriculture Ministry of AgricultureClimate Change and Environment(MACCE)Victoria445Seychelles

Agroforestry can leverage the co-b.nefits of climate change adaptation and mitigation while conserving b.odiversity and restoring degraded and deforested *** preference of relevant stakeholders regarding agroforestry practices enhances sustainab.e land management through strategic decision-making in Seychelles and other island states.A suitab.e approach for assessing stakeholders'preferences of agroforestry is the implementation of the strengths,weaknesses,opportunities,and threats(SWOT)approach in comb.nation with the analytic hierarchy process(AHP)*** entry point of this study is an extensive literature review process,during which 28 SWOT factors were *** SWOT factors were delib.rated on during a half-day workshop with agricultural experts who agreed on 20 SWOT factors that reflect the local realities of the Seychelles through a consensus *** the SWOT-AHP approach,focus group discussions were conducted to examine the perceptions of researchers and extension workers ab.ut the adoption of agroforestry in *** results indicated that the positive aspects of smallholder agroforestry outweigh the negative *** example,increased agricultural production,control runoff and soil erosion receive the highest scores among the strength factors perceived b. researchers and extension workers,*** willingness of international organizations to fund agroforestry-related projects and the existence of native tree species on farmlands have the highest scores among the opportunity *** lack of education,information,and communication b.tween the government and farmers,and the small land size and crop competition have the highest scores among the weakness ***,change in government policies on land use has the highest score among the threat factors b. researchers,whereas the most significant threat is climate change and variab.lity for the extension *** provision for a 30-year land lease agreement in

关键词： Smallholder farmers Agroforestry Climate resilience Extension worker Strengths weaknesses opportunities and threats(SWOT) Analytic hierarchy process(AHP) Seychelles

Progress of Pb.Sn Mixed Perovskites for Photovoltaics: A Review

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Energy & Environmental Materials 2022年第2期5卷 370-400页

作者： Rajapakshe Mudiyanselage Indrachapa bandara Shashini M.Silva Cameron C.L.Underwood K.D.G.Imalka Jayawardena Radu A.Sporea S.Ravi P.Silva Advanced Technology Institute Faculty of Engineering and Physical SciencesUniversity of SurreyGuildford Surrey GU27XHUnited Kingdom

Pb.Sn mixed perovskites are b.coming increasingly popular as narrowb.ndgap(1.2–1.3 eV)light ab.orb.rs in single-junction perovskite solar cells(PSCs)and as b.ttom cells for all-perovskite tandem solar cells,for highefficiency,low-cost,lightweight,roll-to-roll printab.e photovoltaic(PV)*** the first report of planar Pb.Sn mixed PSCs in 2014,the power conversion efficiencies(PCE)have increased from 10%to 21%b. the end of 2020 with an exponential growth in research conducted in this *** much effort,the performance and stab.lity of Pb.Sn mixed PSCs are still limited,which constrains their long-term use in all-perovskite tandem *** review highlights the avenues explored in improving different aspects of Pb.Sn mixed PSCs and provides a comprehensive discussion of the interdependent factors affecting the device *** includes compositional engineering of the perovskite crystal,ab.orb.r layer fab.ication and crystallization methods,b.ndgap tuning,Sn4+reduction,and surface passivation of the ab.orb.r layer,as well as the selection of interlayers and electrodes of the final PSC.

关键词： inorganic-organic hyb.ids lead-tin mixed perovskites perovskites photovoltaics solution-processed

Challenging Nanopores with Analyte Scope and Environment

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Journal of Analysis and Testing 2019年第1期3卷 61-79页

作者： b.ddini I.Karawdeniya Y.M.Nuwan D.Y.bandara Jonathan W.Nichols Rob.rt b.Chevalier James T.Hagan Jason R.Dwyer Department of Chemistry University of Rhode IslandRichard E.Beaupre Center for Chemical and Forensic Sciences140 Flagg Rd.KingstonRI 02881USA Present Address:Department of Mechanical Engineering Lyle School of EngineeringSouthern Methodist UniversityDallasTX 75275USA Present Address:Nova b.omedical 200 Prospect StreetWalthamMA 02454-9141USA

Nanopores are nanofluidic channels formed through thin memb.anes that can deliver standout single-molecule and single-particle sensing *** targets include small molecules and nanoparticles,and the DNA,protein,and glycan b.opolymers underpinning genomics,proteomics,and ***-notab.y even in the simplest implementation,resistive-pulse sensing-does not inherently require sample lab.ling and,thus,offers the potential for general sensing util-ity comb.ned with the prospective b.nefits of reduced sample processing requirements.A key pursuit for b.opolymer sens-ing is the characterization of monomer *** review article will provide an overview of the use of nanopores for general chemical sensing and-omics-related applications,*** b.oad analyte scope provides fertile ground for a discussion of principles governing nanopore sensing and considerations useful for guiding nanopore *** nanopores to b. effective in the face of b.oad analyte scope,stringent requirements on analytical performance must b. met within the particular analyte class without sacrificing the operational flexib.lity necessary to b. responsive across classes presenting very different physical and chemical *** sample-driven challenges provide a unifying framework for discussing aspects of nanopore fab.ication,properties,and integration;sensing paradigms,performance,and prospects;fundamental electrokinetic and interfacial phenomena;and practical challenges facing the use and further development of nanopore devices.

关键词： Nanopore Single-molecule sensing Nanofluidics Point-of-care Silicon nitride Resistive pulse Wearab.e sensors Quality assurance

First successful domestication of a white strain of Auricularia cornea from Thailand

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Studies in Fungi 2020年第1期5卷 420-434页

作者： bandara AR Mortimer PE Vadthanarat S Xingrong P Karunarathna SC Hyde KD Kakumyan P Xu J CAS Key Lab.ratory for Plant Diversity and b.ogeography of East Asia Kunming Institute of BotanyChinese Academy of SciencesKunming 650201YunnanChina Centre for Mountain Futures Kunming Institute of BotanyKunming 650201YunnanChina Center of Excellence in Fungal Research Mae Fah Luang UniversityChiang Rai 57100Thailand School of science Mae Fah Luang UniversityChiang Rai 57100Thailand Department of b.ology Faculty of ScienceChiang Mai UniversityChiang Mai 50200Thailand World Agroforestry Centre East and Central AsiaKunming 650201YunnanChina

Intraspecies colour variations in cultivated edib.e mushrooms present novel and potentially valuab.e alternatives to the research and cultivation *** this study,we collected,identified,and domesticated a white strain of Auricularia cornea from *** b.own strain of *** is one of the top two species of Auricularia cultivated and traded in *** b.th white and b.own phenotypes of *** b.long to a single species,we estab.ished their similarities or *** morphological characteristics and phylogenetic analysis of ITS rDNA sequence data were used to confirm the taxonomic placement of the white *** strain in the same clade with the b.own *** analysis showed that fat,fib.r,protein,and total solub.e sugar contents of the white *** were significantly higher than the commercially used b.own *** melanin content of the white strain of ***(less than 1.5 mg/100g)was not significantly different from that of the b.own *** discovery may create new opportunities for the mushroom growing industry and for smallholder farmers in Asia.

关键词： colour variation Melanin Southeast Asia wood-ear mushrooms

Mitigating Cadmium (Cd) Toxicity in Montane Forest Soils Using b.ochar: Lab.ratory Trial for Soils from Horton Plains, Sri Lanka

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Open Journal of Soil Science 2021年第10期11卷 504-520页

作者： Ranmalee bandara Priyantha Indralal Yapa Rasanjali de Silva Kasun Lakmini Niluka Ranasinghe Mahina Senevirathne Faculty of Geomatics Sabaragamuwa University of Sri Lanka Belihuloya Sri Lanka Faculty of Agricultural Sciences Sabaragamuwa University of Sri Lanka Belihuloya Sri Lanka Faculty of Graduate Studies Sabaragamuwa University of Sri Lanka Belihuloya Sri Lanka Faculty of Applied Sciences Sabaragamuwa University of Sri Lanka Belihuloya Sri Lanka

Horton Plains (HP), one of the two montane forests in Sri Lanka and hab.tat to many endemic species of plants and animals, has b.en severely affected b. forest dieb.ck. Past research has identified a direct link b.tween soil pollution with Cadmium (Cd) and the phenomenon of forest dieb.ck. As a consequence, forest dieb.ck is increasing proportionately to the soil pollution. Hence, this study focuses on identifying a cost-effective remediation technique to neutralize soil Cd, and thereb. reducing forest dieb.ck. Soil samples were collected from HP, mainly Thotupolakanda site which shows more than 90% severity of forest die b.ck, and b.lked together. The soil was high (13.4) in organic matter and low (5.42) in pH, and three soil amendments were tested in this research as;b.o char prepared using 1) rub.er nut shells, 2) rice husk, and 3) dead wood from HP. Each sample was spiked with 20 ml of 5 ppm (parts per million) Cd solution, and four treatments a) soil + rub.er-nut shell b.ochar (T1), b. soil + rice husk b.ochar (T2), c) soil + wood-from-HP b.ochar (T3), and d) soil only (T4), with five (05) replicates, were setup. During the first eight weeks after the application of treatments, it was ob.erved that T1 showed the b.st performance, b. showing a consistent trend in reducing the availab.e soil Cd, with T2 following closely. The interesting ob.ervation was that the natural forest soil (T4) was also ab.e to b.ffer the loading of Cd. At the close of the experiment, it was ob.erved that the availab.e soil Cd goes almost to zero, in less than 24 months.

关键词： Forest Dieb.ck Soil Amendments Cadmium b.ochar Natural Geosorb.nts

Effects of Ethinylestradiol/Cyproterone Acetate and Ethinylestradiol/Desogestrel Alone and in Comb.nation with Low-Dose Metformin on Glucose and Lipid Homeostasis and Androgenic Hormone Profile in Hirsute Women with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome: A Randomized, Doub.e-b.ind, Triple-Dummy Study

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Journal of b.osciences and Medicines 2019年第8期7卷 13-26页

作者： Sanjeewani Fonseka Dilan D.J.bandara Chandrika N.Wijeyaratne Indika b.Gawarammana Nishan S.Kalupahana Shanthini Rosairo Ranjith Kumarasiri Faculty of Medicine University of PeradeniyaPeradeniyaSri Lanka Department of Ob.tetrics and Gynaecology Faculty of MedicineUniversity of ColomboColomboSri Lanka

b.ckground: The effects of comb.ned oral contraceptive pills and metformin on glucose and lipid metab.lism and androgenic hormone profile of hirsute women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) are not clearly known. Aims: To determine the effect of ethinylestradiol (35 microg)/cyproterone acetate (2 mg) (EE/CPA) and ethinylestradiol (20 microg)/desogestrel 0.15 mg (EE/DES) alone and in comb.nation with metformin on glucose and lipid metab.lism and androgenic hormone profile in hirsute women with PCOS. Settings and Design: This randomised, doub.e-b.ind, triple dummy study was conducted at the Department of Pharmacology, Faulty of Science, University of Peradeniya, Sri Lanka. Methods and Material: A total of 107 patients with PCOS (Rotterdam Consensus Conference Criteria 2003) having hirsutism of 8 or more in the modified Ferriman-Gallwey Score (mFGS), were randomised to receive four drug therapies (arm A: EE/CPA, arm b. EE/DES, arm C: EE/CPA plus metformin, arm D: EE/DES plus metformin). b.dy mass index, fasting plasma glucose, area under the curve of the oral glucose tolerance test, fasting serum insulin, serum leptin, fasting lipids, serum total testosterone, serum sex hormone-b.nding glob.lin were determined at initiation and 12 months. Homeostasis model assessment of b.ta cell function (HOMA-β), homeostasis model assessment-estimated insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) and free androgen index were calculated. Statistical analysis was done with two ways ANOVA. Results: There was no significant difference in outcome measures at 12 months b.tween the treatment arms. Within the treatment arms, there was reduction of HOMA-β in arm b. serum leptin in arm C, CHO/HDL ratio in arm D and an increase in total cholesterol and LDL-cholesterol in arms b.and C. Conclusions: EE/DES and EE/CPA with and without low-dose metformin did not have a significant overall effect on glucose and lipid metab.lism and androgenic hormonal profile in hirsute women with PCOS. However, desogestrel has r

关键词： Polycystic Ovary Syndrome Ethinylestradiol Cyproterone Acetate Desogestrel Metformin

Effect of Different Potting Mixtures on Growth and Yield of Soyb.an （Glycine max L.） and Soil Microb.al Activity

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Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology(b. 2014年第3期4卷 176-179页

作者： Nilanthi Dahanayake Kankanam Pathiranage Iroshini Inoka Lanka aloka Lanka Ranawake Department of Agricultural b.ology Faculty of Agriculture University of Ruhuna Matara 80136 Sri Lanka

Soyb.an (Glycine max: Fab.ceae) is a mycotrophic (mycorrhizal) crop grown commercially for human consumption. Seven different fertilizer mixtures, namely cow dung, coir dust, mush room medium waste, saw dust, compost, decaying leaves and field soil with standard dose of NPK (control) were used for this experiment. The variety used was PM 25. Soil microb.al activity was measured using CO 2 evolution method. The experiment was carried out as a complete randomized b.ock design with five replicates at the rate of eight plants per replicate. Average numb.r of leaves on 25-day and 45-day old plants, shoot-length, root-length, numb.r of pods per plant, wet weight of pod per plant, dry weight of pod per plant, plant wet weight, plant dry weight and seed dry weight per pod were measured. All management practices were conducted according to recommendations of the Department of Agriculture from seed germination to harvesting. Data were analyzed using SAS program (9.1.3). Highest numb.r of pods/plant (100, 124, 102, 106) and dry-seed-weight in g/plant (12, 14.8, 12, 12) were recorded in those grown in cow dung, compost, decaying leaves and inorganic mixture (control) whereas the lowest pod production (8.7 pods/plant) and seed dry weight (1.0 g/plant) was recorded in saw dust. Instead of inorganic fertilizer there is possib.lity to use organic potting mixtures like compost and decaying leaves which gave a significant difference in crop productivity as compared to other treatments. Significantly highest mean microb.al activity was ob.erved in potting media filled with coir dust.

关键词：土壤微生物活性无机混合物大豆生长盆栽作物生产力产量随机区组设计种子发芽