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Incense smoke(IS)inhalation exposure system:Physicochemical characterization,IS particle deposition and clearance in human airway using MPPD model

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Particuology 2024年第4期87卷 271-285页

作者： vyas Kumar Hafsa Hashmi Anshita Nasreen Ghazi Ansari Jyotsna Singh Inhalation Toxicology Facility Regulatory Toxicology GroupCSR-Indian Institute of Toxicology ResearchLucknow22001UPIndi Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research(AcsSIR) Ghaziabad201002UPIndia Analytical Chemistry Regulatory Toxicology GroupCSIR-Indian Institute of Toxicology ResearchLucknow226001UPIndia

Incense smoke(IS)is source of indoor air pollution and key risk for diverse human *** in-formation is available regarding controlled IS rodent inhalation exposure system and IS particulate matter(PM)deposition in human *** aimed to demonstrate stable ISPM physicochemical parameters of 10 incense products inside the customized whole body inhalation exposure chamber(without animal)connected to smoke generation unit via aerosol mixing *** analyzed for size segregated PM emission,ISPM in vitro aerodynamics(MMAD and GSD determination),fine and ultrafine particle's SEM,SEM-EDX and PAH *** real life exposure scenario by utilizing MMAD,GSD and PM concentration after Tier 1 exposure assessment as key input parameters,ISPM dosimetry in infant(3 months)and adult(21 years male and female)human airways was calculated using multiple-path particle dosimetry(MPPD 3.04)*** median aerodynamic diameter(MMAD)and geo-metric standard deviation(GSD)ranged between 0.55 and 2.10μm and 1.22 to 1.77(polydisperse)***1.0 and PM0.1 showed multiple morphology and presence of heavy and trace *** like acenaphthylene,anthracene,fluorene,naphthalene and phenanthrene were detected(0.84-143.17μg/g).MPPD results showed higher ISPM deposition in pulmonary region and lowest in trachea bronchial *** deposition in tissue was higher in lower,peripheral lung as compared to upper and central lung *** body inhalation exposure system showed stable IS atmosphere(physi-cochemical parameters)indicating the device suitability in future inhalation *** ISPM deposition fraction and clearance data showed deep lung penetrating and retention behavior with higher risk in infant followed by female and then *** modeled particle deposition and clearance data may be useful in risk assessment analysis of IS.

关键词： Inhalation Incense smoke Multiple-path particle dosimetry(MPPD) Particle deposition Particulate matter(PM) Mass median aerodynamic diameter (MMAD) Human airway

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The influence of AAR coupler features on estimation of in-train forces

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Railway Engineering Science 2023年第3期31卷 233-251页

作者： Om Prakash Yadav Nalinaksh S.vyas Department of Mechanical Engineering Indian Institute of Technology KanpurKanpurUttar Pradesh 208016India

Inadequate management of large in-train forces transferred through coupler systems of a railway train leads to running and structural failures of *** these phenomena and their mitigation requires accurate estimation of relative motions and in-train forces between vehicle *** numerical studies have ignored inertia of coupling elements and the impacts between ***,existing models underestimate the additional dynamic variations in in-train *** multi-body dynamic models of two AAR(Association of American Railroads)coupler systems used in passenger and freight trains are developed,incorporating coupler inertia and various *** to the modeling and simulation com-plexities involved in a full train model,with such details of coupler system,actual longitudinal train dynamics is not studied.A system comprising only two coupling units,inter-connecting two consecutive vehicles,is *** system has been fixed at one end and an excitation force is applied at the other end,to mimic a relative force transmission through combined coupler *** results obtained from this representative system show that,noticeable influence in in-train forces are expected due to the combined effect of inertia of couplers and intermittent impacts between couplers in the slack *** amplitude of longitudinal reaction force,transferred from draft gear housing to vehicle body,is expected to be significantly higher than that predicted using existing models of coupler *** is also observed that the couplers and knuckles are subjected to significant longitudinal and lateral contact forces,due to the intermittent impacts between ***,accurate estimation of draft gear reaction force and impact forces between couplers are essential to design vehicle and coupler components,respectively.

关键词： Automatic railway coupler Draft gear Longitudinal train dynamics In-train forces Coupler slack Intermittent impacts

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Clinical peer review in the United States: History, legal development and subsequent abuse

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2014年第21期20卷 6357-6363页

作者： Dinesh vyas Ahmed E Hozain Department of Surgery College of Human MedicineMichigan State UniversityLansingMI 48912United States

The Joint Commission on Accreditation requires hospitals to conduct peer review to retain *** the intended purpose of improving quality medical care,the peer review process has suffered several setbacks throughout its *** the 1980s,abuse of peer review for personal economic interest led to a highly publicized multimillion-dollar verdict by the United States Supreme Court against the perpetrating physicians and *** verdict led to decreased physician participation for fear of possible *** that peer review was critical to quality medical care,Congress subsequently enacted the Health Care Quality Improvement Act(HCQIA)granting comprehensive legal immunity for peer reviewers to increase *** serving its intended goal,HCQIA has also granted peer reviewers significant immunity likely emboldening abuses resulting in Sham Peer *** legal reform of HCQIA is necessary to reduce sham peer reviews,further measures including the need for standardization of the peer review process alongside external organizational monitoring are critical to improving peer review and reducing the prevalence of sham peer reviews.

关键词： Peer review Medical malpractice Healthcare

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Anisotropy Properties of Tissues: A Basis for Fabrication of Biomimetic Anisotropic Scaffolds for Tissue Engineering

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Journal of Bionic Engineering 2019年第5期16卷 842-868页

作者： Pallab Datta Veena vyas Santanu Dhara Amit Roy Chowdhury Ananya Barui Centre for Healthcare Science and Technology Indian Institute Engineering Science and Technology ShibpurHowrahWest Bengal 711103India School of Medical Science and Technology Indian Institute of Technology KharagpurWest Bengal 721302India Department of Aerospace Engineering and Applied Mechanics Indian Institute Engineering Science and Technology ShibpurHowrahWest Bengal 711103India

Tissue engineering has been a subject of extensive scientific exploration in the last two decades making gradual inroads into clinical studies as *** with regenerative cells and growth factors,biomaterial scaffolds are integral to the development of a tissue engi neered *** is now appreciated that scaffolds should mimic the target tissue properties intimately in order to provide a micro-environment milieu that allows the seeded cells to differentiate into the desired *** from a structural viewpoint,mismatch between scaffold and native matrix properties can cause cell necrosis through mechanisms such as stress *** of the key prop erties of most body tissues is that they exhib社***,most fabrication methods generate isotropic scaffolds and require specific modifications to produce anisotropic *** the last decade,the advent of additive manufacturing and bioprinting has provided facile tools to fabricate scaffolds with desired *** the other hand,a biomimetic scaffold can be designed only when target tissue anisotropy is well known to the tissue *** review presents an overview of the anisotropic properties of different tissues,which will be critical for developing biomimetic engineered *** traditional anatomical records do not adequately present these properties from the perspective of designing tissue engineering ***,present state-of-the art in devel opment of anisotropic scaffolds as well as tissue constructs using different conventional and emerging fabrication techniques is *** is expected that the readers will obtain a comprehensive reference on the research area by examining these two aspects juxtaposed to each other and gain key trends for fabrication of anisotropic scaffolds,plausibly with improved regenerative outcomes.

关键词： biomimetics scaffolds tissue engineering anisotropy electrospinning bioprinting

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Review of surgical strategies in gastric cancer

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Oncology and Translational Medicine 2023年第5期9卷 199-205页

作者： Soumil vyas Avinash Supe H.N.Reliance Hospital MumbaiIndia Seth G.S.Medical College and KEM Hospital ParelMumbaiIndia

Successful and effective management of gastric cancer involves a multidisciplinary *** and appropriate staging of gastric cancer is mandatory to define the optimum treatment *** surgery achieving R0 resection is considered potentially *** remains the cornerstone of multimodal *** is a well-defined role for neoadjuvant and adjuvant chemotherapy *** and chemotherapy combinations have improved tumor response rates,which have translated into more effective surgery and reduced local recurrences and improved long-term survivals.

关键词： Gastric cancer Lymphadenectomy Surgical treatment

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Advances in endoscopic balloon therapy for weight loss and its limitations

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2017年第44期23卷 7813-7817页

作者： Dinesh vyas Kaivalya Deshpande Yagnik Pandya Department of Surgery Texas Tech University Department Of Surgery Michigan State University Department of Surgery Metro West Medical Center

The field of medical and surgical weight loss is undergoing an explosion of new techniques and devices. A lot of these are geared towards endoscopic approaches rather than the conventional and more invasive laparoscopic or open approach. One such recent advance is the introduction of intrgastric balloons. In this article, we discuss the recently Food and Drug Administration approved following balloons for weight loss: the Orbera? Intragastric Balloon System(Apollo Endosurgery Inc, Austin, TX, United States), the Re Shape? Integrated Dual Balloon System(Re Shape Medical, Inc., San Clemente, CA, United States), and the Obalon(Obalon? Therapeutics, Inc.). The individual features of each of these balloons, the method of introduction and removal, and the expected weight loss and possible complications are discussed. This review of the various balloons highlights the innovation in the field of weight loss.

关键词： Weight loss Gastric balloons Endoscopic balloons Orbera Obalon Reshape

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Thermophysical properties of iridium at finite temperature

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Chinese Physics B 2016年第11期25卷 404-411页

作者： Priyank Kumar N K Bhatt P R vyas V B Gohel Department of Science Government PolytechnicGandhinagar Department of Physics Sardar Patel University Department of Physics School of Science Gujarat University

The bulk properties of materials in an extreme environment such as high temperature and high pressure can be understood by studying anharmonic effects due to the vibration of lattice ions and thermally excited *** this spirit,in the present paper,anharmonic effects are studied by using the recently proposed mean-field potential（MFP） approach and Mermin functional which arise due to the vibration of lattice ions and thermally excited electrons,*** MFP experienced by a wanderer atom in the presence of surrounding atoms is constructed in terms of cold energy using the local form of the *** have calculated the temperature variation of several thermophysical properties in an extreme environment up to melting *** results of our calculations are in excellent agreement with the experimental findings as well as the theoretical results obtained by using first principle *** conclude that presently used conjunction scheme（MFP＋pseudo potential） is simple computationally,transparent physically,and accurate in the sense that the results generated are comparable and sometimes better than the results obtained by first principle *** pseudopotential used is transferable to extreme environment without adjusting its parameters.

关键词： extreme experienced melting presently excited thermally sometimes understood comparable conclude

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Capillary electrophoresis methods for impurity profiling of drugs:A review of the past decade

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Journal of Pharmaceutical Analysis 2022年第1期12卷 15-28页

作者： Mansi Shah Nrupesh Patel Nagja Tripathi Vivek K.vyas Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis Institute of PharmacyNirma UniversityAhmedabad382481GujaratIndia Department of Pharmacognosy Institute of PharmacyNirma UniversityAhmedabad382481GujaratIndia Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry Institute of PharmacyNirma UniversityAhmedabad382481GujaratIndia

Capillary electrophoresis(CE)is widely used for the impurity profiling of drugs that contain stereochemical centers in their structures,analysis of biomolecules,and characterization of ***,CE is the method of choice for the analysis of foodstuffs and the determination of *** article discusses the general theory and instrumentation of CE as well as the classification of various CE *** also presents an overview of research on the applications of different CE techniques in the impurity profiling of drugs in the past *** review briefly presents a comparison between CE and liquid chromatography methods and highlights the strengths of CE using drug compounds as *** review will help scientists,fellow researchers,and students to understand the applications of CE techniques in the impurity profiling of drugs.

关键词： Capillary electrophoresis Impurities Impurity profiling Drugs

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Diabetes as a consequence of acute pancreatitis

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2023年第31期29卷 4736-4743页

作者： Ericka Charley Brett Dinner Kimberly Pham Neil vyas Department of Gastroenterology Creighton University-St.Joseph’s Hospital and Medical Center PhoenixAZ 85013United States Department of Internal Medicine Creighton University St.Joseph’s Hospital and Medical CenterPhoenixAZ 85013United States Department of Gastroenterology Creighton University St.Joseph’s Hospital and Medical CenterPhoenixAZ 85013United States

Diabetes is a highly prevalent disease that was initially simplified into three major types:Type 1,type 2 and gestational *** the global rise in incidence of acute pancreatitis(AP),a lesser-known type of diabetes referred to as diabetes of the exocrine pancreas(DEP)is becoming more ***,there is a poor understanding of the inherent relationship between diabetes and *** is established data about certain diseases affecting the exocrine function of the pancreas which can lead to *** specifically,there are well established guidelines for diagnosis and management of DEP caused be chronic ***,the sequelae of AP leading to diabetes has limited recognition and *** purpose of this review is to provide a comprehensive summary of the prevalence,epidemiology,pathophysiology and future research aims of APrelated *** addition,we propose a screening and diagnostic algorithm to aid clinicians in providing better care for their patients.

关键词： Acute pancreatitis Type 3c diabetes Diabetes of the exocrine pancreas Sequelae of acute pancreatitis Screening and diagnostic algorithm

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2018年第8期6卷 161-166页

作者： Flyn Kaida-Yip Kaivalya Deshpande Trishla Saran Dinesh vyas College of Medicine California Northstate University Kaivalya Deshpande Department Of SurgeryMichigan State University Trishla Saran Department of Medicine the University of Texas of the Permian Basin Dinesh vyas Department of SurgeryTexas Tech University

Biosimilars are a growing drug class designed to be used interchangeably with *** are cr-eated in living cells and are typically large,complex pr-oteins that may have a variety of *** the field of gastroenterology alone,biologics are used to treat inflammatory bowel diseases,cancers,and endocrine *** biologics have proven to be effective in treating or managing many diseases,patient acce-ss is often limited by high *** development of biosimilars is an attempt to reduce treatment *** must be nearly identical to their reference biologics in terms of efficacy,side effect risk profile,and *** the manufacturing process still involves production within living cells,biosimilars undergo fewer clinical trials than do their reference *** ultimately reduces the cost of production and the cost of the biosimilar drug compared to its reference ***,seven biosimilars have been approved by the United States Food and Drug Administration(FDA)for use in Crohn’s disease,ulcerative colitis,and colorectal *** are other biologics involved in treating gastroenterologic diseases for which there are no FDA approved *** biosimilars have the po-tential to reduce healthcare costs in chronic disease management,they face challenges in establishing a sig-nificant market *** comfort in prescribing reference biologics instead of biosimilars and patient reluctance to switch from a biologic to a biosimilar are two common contributing factors to biosimilars’slow in-crease in *** time will be needed for biosimilars to establish a larger and more consistent market share compared to their reference *** da-ta confirming the safety and efficacy of biosimilars,increased number of available biosimilars,and further cost reduction of biosimilars will all be necessary to im-prove physician confidence in biosimilars and patient comfort with biosimilars.

关键词： Biosimilars Inflammatory bowel disease Biologics Inflammation Drug class

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