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detection of Mycoplasmas in Patients with Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis

Advances in Microbiology 2014年第11期4卷 712-719页

作者： Constantino Gil alma Aurora sánchez González Isidro lecona león Antonio Rivera Rayo santellán Olea lilia Cedillo Centro de Investigaciones en Ciencias Microbiológicas Instituto de Ciencias Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla Edificio 103J Ciudad Universitaria Col. San Manuel Puebla Pue México Escuela de Biología Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla Edificio 112A Ciudad Universitaria Col. San Manuel Puebla Pue México servicio de Neurología Centro Médico Nacional Manuel ávila Camacho IMSS Puebla México

Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (Als) is a progressive degenerative disease of the motor neurons and the cause is unknown. diverse factors such as genetic defects, nutritional deficiencies, head trauma, environmental toxin, autoimmune responses and viral and bacterial infections are involved. Mycoplasmas have been implicated as causal agents of different illnesses in human. The purpose of this study was to investigate the presence of mycoplasmas in the bloodstream of patients with Als. Patients with Als and healthy individuals were included in the study. A blood sample was taken in tubes with or without anticoagulant. Mycoplasmas were detected by culture or direct PCR, and the presence of antibodies IgM and IgG against lAMPs of these microorganisms by Western blot. Cultures for aerobic facultative bacteria were also done. Blood samples from 13 patients and 44 healthy individuals were screened. All blood cultures for non-fermentative mycoplasmas and aerobic facultative bacteria were negative. Cultures for fermentative mycoplasmas were considered positive after identification of mycoplasmal dNA by PCR. Mycoplasma sp. was detected by culture or direct PCR in 6/13 (46%) patients and in 4/44 (9%) of healthy individuals. M. fermentans was detected by PCR using specific primers in six patients and in two healthy individuals. IgM against lAMPs of M. fermentans were detected in 6/13 (46%) blood samples from patients and in 13/44 (30%) from healthy individuals, while. IgG was detected in 4/13 (31%) patients and in 3/44 (7%) healthy individuals. The results of this study show that mycoplasmas cause a systemic infection and could play a role in the origin or progression of the Als.

关键词： Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis Mycoplasmas Immune Response

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Hepatitis B Virus Genotype H and Environmental Factors Associated to the low Prevalence of Hepatocellular Carcinoma in Mexico

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Journal of Cancer Therapy 2013年第2期4卷 367-376页

作者： sonia Roman Nora alma Fierro laura E. Moreno-luna Arturo Panduro department of Molecular Biology in Medicine Hospital Civil de Guadalajara Fray Antonio Alcalde Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud Universidad de Guadalajara Guadalajara Mexico

Purpose: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a leading health problem worldwide. Any agent causing chronic liver damage and cirrhosis is a risk factor for HCC. Genetic and environmental factors may be responsible for regional variations in the occurrence of HCC worldwide. The aim of this review was to describe the risk factors that may be contributing to low prevalence of HCC in the Mexican population. Methods: An electronic systematic search was conducted in four databases to retrieve studies on hepatocellular carcinoma inMexico. Results: Eighteen publications gave a total of 1042 HCC cases with a percentage that ranged from 0.25% to 1.87%. Cirrhosis was registered in 7 studies while the main etiologies were: HCV (66%), HBV (11%) and alcoholism (6.6%). Conclusions: In the last 50 years, the studies performed inMexicohave shown a very low incidence and/or mortality rate of HCC. These findings contrast from those reported in high endemic regions, such asAsia, where viral hepatitis and HCC are prevalent. One significant difference is the predominance of HBV genotype H in Mexico and HBV/B and C in Asia. InMexico, high endemic areas of HBV infection have been detected, mainly among the native population;however, infection seems to resolve very quickly, due to a prominent immunological response among the population. Other factors are that patients with liver cirrhosis die prematurely before that HCC can be detected. Furthermore, an environmental factor that may exert a protective effect against HCC, in spite of the high consumption of potentially aflatoxin-contaminated food products, is the neutralization of these substances by alkaline treatment. This study shows that genetic and environmental factors associated to HCC among the Mexican population are different from others reported worldwide.

关键词： HBV Genotype H HCV Alcoholism Aflatoxins Cirrhosis Nixtamalization

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Biogas Production from sheep Manure by a simulated Underground Burial system Heated with Cascade-Controlled solar Water Heated system, as an Indicator of Biomass Potential Contribution to Power Mix in Jordan

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Journal of Environmental Protection 2021年第2期12卷 125-140页

作者： Taha M. Alkhamis Ali I. Alzoubi Bahieh M. alma’atah department of Chemical Engineering Mutah University Mutah Jordan

This paper is aimed at exploring the potential of implementing biomass as one of the sources of energy in Jordan using a simulated underground burial system. A controlled solar energy heated system was employed to maintain the anaerobic bioreactor at 40°C (mesophilic range). sludge and wastewater, from wastewater treatment plant, was used as a seeding material to activate bacteria. Production of biogas was observed after 3 days of incubation. On average, a total of 94 liters/sample were obtained at 25°C and atmospheric pressure. This amount of gas is equivalent to 258 liters/kg (standard Temperature and Pressure, sTP) of sheep manure. The biogas average composition was 65% methane and 35% COsub>2sub>, and the retention time was 35 days. Control runs at room temperature did not produce appreciable amount of biogas within the 35 days of incubation. The potential of biomass was studied based on estimated sheep manure production for the period of 2010-2016 in Jordan. The results obtained from the designed process were used to estimate the bio-gas production indicating a promising process to produce biogas by a burial bio-waste system. Upon scale-up of this process, biomass from different sources can be processed within short residence time, which will result in appreciable reduction of land fill areas and significant production of biogas that will contribute to the energy power mix in a non-oil producing country, such as Jordan.

关键词： Biogas sheep Manure Bio-Waste National Grid Power Production

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与供应商在社会责任方面合作对食品供应链绩效的影响

与供应商在社会责任方面合作对食品供应链绩效的影响

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作者：任小琳（alma d.lia sánchez Ramírez）清华大学

学位级别：硕士

供应商在保证食品质量、安全可靠和可追踪来源的原料中发挥着关键的作用。然而,由于自然资源缺乏且受到污染,以及气候变化和公众对此产业关注的施压,供应商的职责已延伸至环境与社会问题方面。本文研究的目的在于,通过探索世界上最大的... 详细信息

供应商在保证食品质量、安全可靠和可追踪来源的原料中发挥着关键的作用。然而,由于自然资源缺乏且受到污染,以及气候变化和公众对此产业关注的施压,供应商的职责已延伸至环境与社会问题方面。本文研究的目的在于,通过探索世界上最大的公共食品加工公司的实践,分析供应商在食品供应链中受到环境保护合作和社会协作的影响。为了评价供应商协作的作用,本文研究分析了2012-2014年间64篇关于食品加工公司的可持续发展报告以及78篇关于食品供应链表现的报道。在收集所有数据后,使用最小二乘法(Ols)估计方法来进行假设检验。主要研究成果表明,环保实践以及供应商间的合作能够帮助减少食品产业中的资金周转周期并增加毛利润。另外,为评估供应商的环保与社会协作实践而进行的审计和控制活动有助于提高食品产业链的经营效绩。尽管此文章受限于公司发表信息的有效性,但它能够填补研究领域中供应商在环保和社会责任协作方面的空缺。这对食品供应链中的管理者们有重大指导意义。

关键词：食品产业供应商协作环境保护合作社会协作供应链的性能表现

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Presence of <i>Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae, streptococcus suis, Pasteurella multocida, Bordetella bronchiseptica, Haemophilus parasuis and Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae</i>in upper respiratory tract of swine in farms from Aguascalientes, Mexico

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Open Journal of Animal sciences 2013年第2期3卷 132-137页

作者： Abraham loera-Muro Francisco J. Avelar-González Víctor M. loera-Muro Mario Jacques alma l. Guerrero-Barrera Centro de Ciencias Básicas Universidad Autónoma de Aguascalientes Aguascalientes México Groupe de recherche sur les maladies infectieuses du porc Faculté de Médecine Vétérinaire Université de Montréal St-Hyacinthe Canada laboratorio de Biología Celular y Tisular Departamento de Morfología Centro de Ciencias Básicas Universidad Autónoma de Aguascalientes Aguascalientes México

Respiratory diseases are one of the most important health problems in pig herds. The porcine respiratory disease complex (PRdC) is the term used to describe pneumonic diseases caused by multiple infectious agents that provoke weight loss in animals or death. In the PRdC multiple pathogens (bacteria and/or viruses) work in combination to induce this respiratory disease. Within this complex, Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae, streptococcus suis, Pasteurella multocida, Bordetella bronchiseptica, Haemophilus parasuis and Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae are the main bacterial pathogens involved in great economic losses to the swine industry. The aim of this work was to estimate the presence of A. pleuropneumoniae, s. suis, P. multocida, B. bronchiseptica, H. parasuis and M. hyopneumoniae in the upper respiratory tract of pigs in representative swine farms inAguascalientes,Mexico, using PCR technique. The study was performed in 14 swine farms. We obtained a total of 212 nasal swabs. Near 20% of samples were positive for A. pleuropneumoniae (located in the 79% of farms);17% were positive for s. suis (in 86% of farms), of these, 3% were s. suis serovar 2;30% were positive for H. parasuis (93% of farms);23% of the samples to P. multocida (in 79% of farms);and 19% to M. hyopneumoniae (in 64% of farms). B. bronchiseptica was not detected in this study. The results obtained show that bacterial pathogens of PRdC were present in the upper respiratory tract of pigs in all farms studied;therefore, these pathogens are widely disseminated in pig farms of Aguascalientes, Mexico.

关键词： Porcine Respiratory disease Complex Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae streptococcus suis Pasteurella multocida Bordetella bronchiseptica Haemophilus parasuis Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae

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Cortical columns(barrels)display normal size in the brain’s primary somatosensory cortex of mice carrying null mutations of the insulin receptor substrate 1 gene:A preliminary report

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Advances in Bioscience and Biotechnology 2013年第10期4卷 945-948页

作者： Marta lopez-santibanez Guevara Eileen Uribe-Querol alma lilia Fuentes Farias Esperanza Melendez-Herrera Agustine Joseph d’Ercole Gabriel Gutierrez-Ospina departamento de Biologia Celular y Fisiologia Instituto de Investigaciones BiomedicasUniversidad Nacional Autonoma de MexicoMexico D.F.Mexico division de Estudios de Posgrado e Investigacion Facultad de OdontologiaUniversidad Nacional Autonoma de MexicoMexico D.F.Mexico departamento de Zoologia Instituto de Investigaciones sobre los Recursos NaturalesUniversidad Michoacana de San Nicolas de HidalgoMoreliaMexico department of Pediatrics The University of North Carolina at Chapel HillChapel HillUSA Coordinacion de Psicofisiologia Facultad de PsicologiaUniversidad Nacional Autonoma de MexicoMexico D.F.Mexico

Circuits in barrels of the rodent brain’s primary somatosensory (s1) cortex build up following constructivist rules. Previous evidence in mice supports that the precise addition of barrel neuropil is promoted by insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1). The signaling cascades mediating this response remain undetermined. To address whether the effects of IGF-1 upon the growth of s1 circuits are mediated by insulin receptor substrate-1 (IRs-1), we studied barrel size in adult mice having the IRs-1 gene knocked out (IRs-1 ko). Our results reveal that barrel size is similar between wild type and IRs-1 ko mice suggesting that IRs-1 is not essential for barrel circuitry growth. Hence, investigations aimed at exploring other substrates activated by IGF-1, namely IRs-2 and IRs-4, are needed to reveal signaling pathways that mediate the precise addition of s1 neuronal circuitry.

关键词： Barrel Cortex Neuronal Circuit Assemblage Trophic Interactions Constructivism

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Increased serotonin concentration and tryptophan hydroxylase activity in reproductive organs of copulator males:a case of adaptive plasticity

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Advances in Bioscience and Biotechnology 2011年第2期2卷 75-84页

作者： Ana Ingrid Pichardo Jose l.Tlachi-lopez Francisco Jimenez-Trejo alma l.Fuentes-Farias Armida Baez-saldana Maria l.Molina-Ceron Gabriel Manjarrez-Gutierrez Gabriel Gutierrez-Ospina Rosa Angelica lucio departamento de Biologia Celular y Fisiologia Instituto de Investigaciones BiomedicasUniversidad Nacional Autonoma de MexicoCiudad Universitaria 04510MexicoD.F.Mexico Centro Tlaxcala de Biologia de la Conducta Universidad Autonoma de TlaxcalaCarretera Tlaxcala-Puebla km 1.5 s/nLoma Xicotencatl90062TlaxcalaMexico departamento de Farmacologia Facultad de MedicinaUniversidad Nacional Autonoma de MexicoCiudad Universitaria 04510MexicoD.F.Mexico laboratorio de Invertebrados y Ecofisiologia Facultad de BiologiaUniversidad Michoacana de San Nicolas de HidalgoCiudad Universitaria 58030MichoacanMexico Unidad de Investigacion Biomolecular Hospital de CardiologiaCentro Medico Nacional Siglo XXIInstituto Mexicano del Seguro Social 06720MexicoD.F.Mexico

Individual male rats may systematically display or not copulatory behavior when paired with receptive females. Although these phenotypes are associated with differences in brain organization and function, they might also do so at the level of the reproductive organs. We then used high performance liquid chromatography to quantify serotonin concentration and the activity of tryptophan hydroxylase in the reproductive organs of copulator and non-copulator males. sexual behavior display was compared between groups and parameters of fertility and reproductive fitness were determined for copulator males. Copulator males had higher concentrations of serotonin in the epididymis, testicle and ventral prostate than their non-copulator counterparts, as it was found for epididymal and testicular tryptophan hydroxylase activity. However, preliminary data shows that serotonin elevation occurs in copulator males only until they have accumulated several sexual encounters, so it might be a response to genital gratification or sexual rewarding. Interestingly, only epididymal serotonin concentration correlated with reproductive fitness, offspring number, mating success and seminal plug volume in copulator males. Our results support that copulator and non-copulator male rats feature a phenotype-specific serotoninergic tone in the epididymis, testicle and ventral prostate gland. The observation documenting that epididymal serotonin concentration correlated with parameters that monitor male fertility and reproductive fitness in copulator males predicts that epididymal factors increase their chances of parenting offspring.

关键词： sexual Accessory Glands Copulation Indolamines seminal Fluid seminal Plug successful Mating Reproductive Fitness

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The Institutionalization of life Cycle Assessment in Mexico

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Journal of Environmental Protection 2015年第8期6卷 804-812页

作者： Nora Munguia Clara Rosalia Alvarez Rafael Perez alma Flores Francisco Martinez luis Velazquez sustainability Graduate Program University of Sonora Hermosillo Mexico Institute of Agro-livestock sciences Autonomous University of Mexico State Toluca Mexico

This article presents a study of life Cycle Assessment (lCA) at a slaughterhouse located in north-western Mexico with the purpose of testing the premise of a low degree of institutionalization of Industrial Ecology in Mexico. The article aims at analyzing the current role played by the Mexican academia in increasing the degree of institutionalization of the concept of lCA in northwestern Mexico. There was conducted a life cycle analysis study according to the standards IsO 14040: 2006, NMX-sAA-14040-IMNC-2008NOM in a Federally Inspected Type (TIF by spanish acronym) slaughterhouse in the state of sonora in Northwest Mexico. The slaughter process was characterized by observing the production tasks during several walkthroughs the production lines and by having short interviews with workers, supervisors, and the manager. The CH4 emissions were calculated using the guidelines suggested by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC 2006). The present lCA case study revealed opportunities for improving the environmental performance of the slaughterhouse by taking measures such as the reduction of CH4 from enteric fermentation since methane was one of the main greenhouse gases responsible for climate change. Although, the lCA generated reliable information in terms of climate change or water eutrophication, the chances of implementing sustainable initiatives were unlikely because the benefits to reduce the impacts to climate change or to reduce the water crisis would be unnoticeable and unaffordable for companies. Findings in this study also confirmed the importance of Mexican universities for promoting and conducting more lCA studies among private and public organizations in order to guide firms towards this tool. The case study here presented gives insights to lCA stakeholders in Mexico to implement or improve the effectiveness of their potential lCA initiatives through the identification of strategies, opportunities, and barriers.

关键词： Institutionalization Academia lCA sustainability slaughterhouse Mexico

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The Impact of Microscopic Fungi on the Morphological and structural Properties of Carbon steel

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Journal of surface Engineered Materials and Advanced Technology 2014年第4期4卷 242-248页

作者： Elena Binkauskiene Albinas lugauskas Igoris Prosycevas Vidas Pakstas Ausra selskiene d.lia Bucinskiene alma Rucinskiene Institute of Chemistry Center for Physical Sciences and TechnologyVilniusLithuania Institute of Materials science Kaunas University of TechnologyKaunasLithuania

The growth of the microscopic fungi on the solid surface has a great influence on technical materials destruction. The aim of this study was to determine the influence of two strains of micromycetesPenicillium palitansstrain6 andArthrinium phaeospermumstrain 10 on morphological and structural properties of carbon steel surfaces in the nutrient medium. The difference in consumption of chlorine byP. palitans6(0.07 wt%) andA. phaeospermum10(0.04 wt%) and the difference in accumulation of a newly formed elementmanganese forP. palitans6(0.01 wt%) andA. phaeospermum10(0.03 wt%) has been observed. A relation between the surface and interface fungal stimulated processes, the biotic oxidation of steel surface as well as formation of the mixed oxides on the biomodified steel surface has been determined. The morphology of surfaces was characterized by scanning electron microscopy, the structure—by the X-ray diffraction method, Fourier transformation infrared and X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy.

关键词： steel Microscopic Fungi Morphological and structural Analysis Biogenic Materials

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Effect of <i>Carica papaya</i>leaf Extract on serum lipids and liver Metabolic Parameters of Rats Fed a High Cholesterol diet

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Health 2015年第9期7卷 1196-1205页

作者： alma M. Zetina-Esquivel Carlos A. Tovilla-Zárate Crystell Guzmán-Garcia Arturo Rodríguez-Hernández Andrés E. Castell-Rodríguez Jorge l. Ble-Castillo Angela Avila-Fernandez Isela E. Juárez-Rojop Juan C. díaz-Zagoya Centro de Investigación División Académica de Ciencias de la Salud Universidad Juárez Autónoma de Tabasco Villahermosa México división Académica Multidisciplinaria de Comalcalco Universidad Juárez Autónoma de Tabasco Comalcalco México Unidad de Medicina Familiar 10 Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social Xalapa México división de Investigación Facultad de Medicina Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México México D. F. México

Hyperlipidemia plays an important role in the development of atherosclerosis, the main cause of death in the world. In this study, the lipid-lowering effect of Carica papaya leaf in rats fed with a high cholesterol diet was evaluated. daily doses of C. papaya extract 0, 31, 62 or 125 mg/kg body weight were orally administered in 300 μl polyethylene glycol to hypercholesterolemic rats;it was also administered 62 mg/kg body weight of the extract to rats with normal diet. After a 20-day treatment, the animals were sacrificed;blood and liver were analyzed. Hypercholesterolemic rats showed an increased serum and liver cholesterol, triacylglycerols, and atherogenic index. The C. papaya extract produced a significant decrease of serum and liver cholesterol concentrations in hypercholesterolemic rats, but did not modify serum or liver triacylglycerols;however, the extract reduced the atherogenic index in a dose-dependent manner. C. papaya treatment decreased ldl-C and increased Hdl-C in serum significantly. When the oxygen consumption was evaluated in phosphorylating and resting states, the respiratory control in hypercholesterolemic rats mitochondria was lower than in normal diet rats. However, a higher respiratory control in hypercholesterolemic rats mitochondria was observed after C papaya treatment. The liver morphological data are in accordance with serum and liver biochemical values. Our data support that C. papaya has a significant hypocholesterolemic action and Hdl-C raising effect on rats fed with a cholesterol-rich diet, however, the precise metabolites responsible of this effect remain unknown.

关键词： serum lipids Carica papaya Cholesterol Mitochondria

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