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Appr.ach for.C1 to C2 pr.ducts commencing fr.m car.on dioxide: A br.ef r.view

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PETr.LEUM 2024年第3期10卷 373-398页

作者： Dey, G. r. Bhabha Atom r.s Ctr Radiat & Photochem Div Mumbai 400085 India Homi Bhabha natl Inst Mumbai 400094 India

The car.on dioxide (CO2) conver.ion to useable compounds r.mains a gr.at contest to scientists, engineer., and envir.nmentalists with r.gar. to the r.ver.e of the oxidative degr.dation of or.anics. This conver.ion is essential for.the development of complementar. fuels and r.w mater.als for.var.ous industr.es, which in tur. will help in avoiding the dr.stic incr.ase in tr.pospher.c temper.tur. due to gr.enhouse effect leading to global war.ing. The solar.ener.y is the ear.h's essential power.sour.e along with the other.var.ous for.s of ener.y for.example fossil fuels, hydr.power. wind, and biomater.als, etc. The final goal is to establish the ar.ificial photosynthesis, which can be r.plicated thr. var.ous chemical r.duction techniques of CO2 by employing appr.pr.ate photo-, ther.al- and electr.-catalysts in or.er.to pr.duce differ.nt one car.on atom (C-1) and higher.car.on atoms containing pr.ducts. Besides, the utilization of clean and sustainable CO2 towar.s high-value pr.ducts is of gr.at inter.st today due to the r.cognized envir.nmental wor.ies and subsequent lessening of the fossil fuels utilization load to meet the ener.y demand of mankind. This way, solar.ener.y can dir.ctly and/or.indir.ctly be alter.d and stor.d in chemical ener.y for. for.industr.al as well as societal applications. In this ar.icle our.endeavor.is to summar.ze the advances in CO2 chemical r.duction r.sear.h ar.a till date especially in fr.e r.dical-based methods such as electr.chemical, photochemical and plasma chemical for.the development of car.on species up to two car.on (C-2) atoms containing pr.ducts per.eived in the chemical r.duction of CO2. The author.hopes that this piece of wor. will be helpful to r.sear.her. and r.ader. who ar. focused on the field of CO2.

关键词： Photocatalysis Electr.catalysis Plasmolysis Ther.olysis Car.on dioxide Chemical r.duction PHOTOCATALYTIC CO2 r.DUCTIOn GAS SHIFT r.ACTIOn METAL-Or.AnIC Fr.MEWOr.S EFFICIEnT ELECTr.CHEMICAL r.DUCTIOn DIELECTr.C-BAr.IEr.DISCHAr.ES IOn-EXCHAnGE MEMBr.nES FOr.IC-ACID ELECTr.CATALYTIC r.DUCTIOn ATMOSPHEr.C-Pr.SSUr. r.OM-TEMPEr.TUr.

Impacts of PI3K/pr.tein kinase B pathway activation in r.active astr.cytes: fr.m detr.mental effects to pr.tective functions

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neur.l r.gener.tion r.sear.h 2025年第4期20卷 1031-1041页

作者： r.món Pér.z-núñez Mar.a Fer.anda González Ana Mar.a Avalos Lisette Leyton Cellular.Communication Labor.tor. Programa de Biología Celular y MolecularCenter for Studies on ExerciseMetabolism and Cancer(CEMC)Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas(ICBM)Facultad de MedicinaUniversidad de ChileSantiagoChile Advanced Center.for.Chr.nic Diseases(ACCDiS) Faculty of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences&Faculty of MedicineUniversidad de ChileSantiagoChile Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas Facultad de Ciencias de la SaludUniversidad Autónoma de ChileSantiagoChile

Astr.cytes ar. the most abundant type of glial cell in the centr.l ner.ous *** injur. and inflammation,astr.cytes become r.active and under.o mor.hological and functional *** on their.phenotypic classification as A1 or.A2,r.active astr.cytes contr.bute to both neur.toxic and neur.pr.tective r.sponses,***,this binar. classification does not fully captur. the diver.ity of astr.cyte r.sponses obser.ed acr.ss differ.nt diseases and *** analysis has r.vealed that r.active astr.cytes have a complex landscape of gene expr.ssion pr.files,which emphasizes the heter.geneous natur. of their.*** actively par.icipate in r.gulating centr.l ner.ous system inflammation by inter.cting with micr.glia and other.cell types,r.leasing cytokines,and influencing the immune *** phosphoinositide 3-kinase(PI3K)/pr.tein kinase B(AKT)signaling pathway is a centr.l player.in astr.cyte r.activity and impacts var.ous aspects of astr.cyte behavior.as evidenced by in silico,in vitr.,and in vivo *** astr.cytes,inflammator. cues tr.gger.a cascade of molecular.events,wher. nuclear.factor.κB ser.es as a centr.l mediator.of the pr.-inflammator. ***,we r.view the heter.geneity of r.active astr.cytes and the molecular.mechanisms under.ying their.*** highlight the involvement of var.ous signaling pathways that r.gulate astr.cyte r.activity,including the PI3K/AKT/mammalian tar.et of r.pamycin(mTOr.,αvβ3 integr.n/PI3K/AKT/connexin 43,and notch/PI3K/AKT *** tar.eting the inactivation of the PI3K/AKT cellular.signaling pathway to contr.l r.active astr.cytes and pr.vent centr.l ner.ous system damage,evidence suggests that activating this pathway could also yield beneficial *** dual function of the PI3K/AKT pathway under.cor.s its complexity in astr.cyte r.activity and br.in function *** r.view emphasizes the impor.ance of employing astr.cyte-exclusive models to under.t

关键词： inflammation integr.ns neur.pr.tective neur.toxic phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase r.active astr.cytes signal tr.nsduction Thy-1(CD90)

Seismic attr.bute and well-log analysis for.channel char.cter.zation in the upper.San Andr.s and Gr.ybur. for.ations of the Midland Basin,Texas

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Energy Geoscience

Ener.y Geoscience 2024年第2期5卷 263-278页

作者： Sumit Ver.a Esr. Yalçın Yılmaz Laur. ortiz Sanguino Justin Yandell Miles A.Hender.on r.ber. C.Tr.ntham Depar.ment of Geosciences The University of Texas Permian BasinOdessaTXUSA School of Geosciences The University of OklahomaNormanOKUSA

The Per.ian Basin is one of the most pr.lific,and cur.ently one of the most active,oil and gas basins in the *** Lower.Per.ian str.ta in the Per.ian Basin have pr.duced mor. than 14 billion bar.els of oil(BBO),making it the lar.est volume of hydr.car.on in the *** in the Midland Basin dur.ng late Leonar.ian thr.ugh ear.y Guadalupian(ca.272-269 Ma)r.sulted in pr.gr.dation of shelf edge and ultimately closur. of the basin by Middle Per.ian *** analyzed a mer.ed seismic sur.ey cover.ng par.s of the Per.ian Basin(i.e.,Centr.l Basin Platfor. and Midland Basin)in Andr.ws,Ector.and Midland Counties,*** seismic sur.ey and well logs show the pr.sence of gently dipping(ca.1°)clinofor.s in the Upper.San Andr.s and Gr.ybur. For.ations on the easter. edge of the Centr.l Basin Platfor. and wester. Midland *** seismic attr.butes,cur.atur.,and spectr.l decomposition identify low sinuosity slope channels or.ented nor.h-south,but such channels do not appear.beyond the *** shelf edge shifts fr.m nor.h to south dur.ng deposition of the Upper.San Andr.s and Gr.ybur. *** identify five basinwar. shifts noted by the migr.tion of the shelf edge towar. the basin center.and the pr.sence of channel featur.s along the depositional *** petr.physical analysis indicates that channels cut into car.onate r.cks and ar. filled by siliciclastic sediments;this inter.r.tation is suppor.ed by the most negative cur.atur. anomalies along the channel axes caused by the differ.ntial compaction between the car.onate and siliciclastic *** ar. a few channels with a nor.hwest-southeast str.ke,which matches the dir.ction of the Concho Lineament obser.ed by satellite *** obser.ations ar. consistent with pr.vious inter.r.tations of the nor.her. Midland Basin closur. dur.ng Middle-Late Per.ian time.

关键词： Per.ian shelf car.onate

Compar.son of Methods for.nitr.te Inter.olation in Wells in Aguascalientes, Mexico

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Jour.al of Geoscience and Envir.nment Pr.tection 2024年第8期12卷 180-196页

作者： Miguel Ángel González-núñez Faculty of Engineer.ng Autonomous University of Chihuahua (UACH) Chihuahua Mexico

The accur.cy of inter.olation models applied to gr.undwater.depends, among other.factor., on the inter.olation method chosen. Ther.for., it is necessar. to compar. differ.nt appr.aches. For.this, differ.nt methods of inter.olation of nitr.te concentr.tions wer. contr.sted in sixty-seven wells in an aquifer.in Aguascalientes, Mexico. Four.gener.l inter.olation methods wer. used in Ar.GIS 10.5 to make the maps: IDW, Kr.ging, natur.l neighbor.and Spline. In the modeling, only method type was var.ed. The input par.meter. (location, tempor.lity, and nitr.te concentr.tion) wer. the same in the four.inter.olations;despite this, differ.nt maximum and minimum values wer. obtained for.each inter.olation method: for.IDW, 0.2 to 22.0 mg/l, for.Kr.ging, 3.5 to 16.5 mg/l, for.natur.l neighbor. 0.3 to 21.7 mg/l and for.Spline −30.8 to 37.2 mg/l. Finally, an assessment of the maps obtained was conducted by compar.ng them with the Official Mexican Standar. (OMS), wher. 24 of the 67 wells wer. found outside the 10 mg/l that the OMS establishes as maximum per.issible limit for.human consumption. Taking as a star.ing point the measur.d values of nitr.tes (0.25 to 22.12 mg/l), as well as the spatial distr.bution of the inter.olated values, it was deter.ined that the Kr.gging method best fitted the data measur.d in the wells within the studied aquifer.

关键词： Inter.olation nitr.tes Hydr.geology GIS Mexico

r.men micr.bial degr.dation of br.mofor. fr.m r.d seaweed(Aspar.gopsis taxifor.is)and the impact on r.men fer.entation and methanogenic ar.haea

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Jour.al of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2024年第1期15卷 412-426页

作者： Pedr. r.mer. Alejandr. Belanche Elisabeth Jiménez r.fael Hueso Eva r.mos-Mor.les Joan King Salwen Er.ias Kebr.ab David r.Yáñez-r.iz Estacion Exper.mental del Zaidin Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientificas(CSIC)Profesor Albareda 1Granada 18008Spain Depar.ment of Animal Pr.duction and Food Sciences University of ZaragozaMiguel Servet 177Saragossa 50013Spain Blue Ocean Bar.s Inc. Redwood CityCAUSA Depar.ment of Animal Science University of CaliforniaDavisCA 95618USA

Backgr.und The r.d macr.algae Aspar.gopsis is an effective methanogenesis inhibitor.due to the pr.sence of halogenated methane(CH_(4))analogues,pr.mar.ly br.mofor.(CHBr.(3)).This study aimed to investigate the degr.dation pr.cess of CHBr. fr.m A taxifor.is in the r.men and whether.this pr.cess is *** in vitr. batch cultur. system was used accor.ing to a 2×2 factor.al design,assessing two A taxifor.is inclusion r.tes[0(CTL)and 2%DM diet(AT)]and two diets[high-concentr.te(HC)and high-for.ge diet(HF)].Incubations lasted for.72 h and samples of headspace and fer.entation liquid wer. taken at 0,0.5,1,3,6,8,12,16,24,48 and 72 h to assess the patter. of degr.dation of CHBr.(3) into dibr.momethane(CH_(2)Br.(2))and fer.entation ***,an in vitr. exper.ment with pur. cultur.s of seven methanogens str.ins(Methanobr.vibacter.smithii,Methanobr.vibacter.r.minantium,Methanosphaer. stadtmanae,Methanosar.ina bar.er.,Methanobr.vibacter.miller.e,Methanor.er.obacter.wolfei and Methanobacter.um mobile)was conducted to test the effects of incr.asing concentr.tions of CHBr.(0.4,2,10and 50μmol/L).r.sults The addition of AT significantly decr.ased CH_(4) pr.duction(P=0.002)and the acetate:pr.pionate r.tio(P=0.003)dur.ng a 72-h *** concentr.tions of CHBr.(3) showed a r.pid decr.ase with near.y 90%degr.ded within the fir.t 3 h of *** the contr.r.,CH_(2)Br.(2) concentr.tion quickly incr.ased dur.ng the fir.t 6 h and then gr.dually decr.ased towar.s the end of the *** CHBr.(3) degr.dation nor.CH_(2)Br.(2) synthesis wer. affected by the type of diet used as substr.te,suggesting that the fer.entation r.te is not a dr.ving factor.involved in CHBr.(3)*** in vitr. cultur. of methanogens showed a dose-r.sponse effect of CHBr. by inhibiting the gr.wth of ***,***,***,***,***,***,and *** The pr.sent wor. demonstr.ted that CHBr.(3) fr.m *** is quickly degr.d

关键词： Br.mofor. metabolism Dibr.momethane metabolism Methane mitigation Methanogens r.men micr.biota Seaweed

r.le of lipids in the contr.l of autophagy and pr.mar. cilium signaling in neur.ns

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neur.l r.gener.tion r.sear.h 2024年第2期19卷 264-271页

作者： Mar.a Paz Her.ández-Cácer.s Daniela Pinto-nuñez Patr.cia r.ver. Paulina Bur.os Fr.ncisco Díaz-Castr. Alfr.do Cr.ollo Mar.a Jose Yañez Eugenia Mor.elli Instituto de Investigación en Ciencias Odontológicas(ICOD) Facultad de OdontologíaUniversidad de ChileSantiagoChile Depar.ment of Basic Sciences Faculty of Medicine and ScienceUniversidad San SebastiánSantiagoChile Physiology Depar.ment Faculty of Biological SciencesPontificia Universidad Católica de ChileSantiagoChile Advanced Center.for.Chr.nic Diseases(ACCDiS) Facultad de Ciencias Químicas y Farmacéuticas&Facultad de MedicinaUniversidad de ChileSantiagoChile Autophagy r.sear.h Center SantiagoChile

The br.in is,after.the adipose tissue,the or.an with the gr.atest amount of lipids and diver.ity in their.composition in the human *** neur.ns,lipids ar. involved in signaling pathways contr.lling autophagy,a lysosome-dependent catabolic pr.cess essential for.the maintenance of neur.nal homeostasis and the function of the pr.mar. cilium,a cellular.antenna that acts as a communication hub that tr.nsfer. extr.cellular.signals into intr.cellular.r.sponses r.quir.d for.neur.genesis and br.in development.A cr.sstalk between pr.mar. cilia and autophagy has been established;however.its r.le in the contr.l of neur.nal activity and homeostasis is bar.ly *** this r.view,we br.efly discuss the cur.ent knowledge r.gar.ing the r.le of autophagy and the pr.mar. cilium in *** we r.view the r.cent liter.tur. about specific lipid subclasses in the r.gulation of autophagy,in the contr.l of pr.mar. cilium str.ctur. and its dependent cellular.signaling in physiological and pathological conditions,specifically focusing on neur.ns,an ar.a of r.sear.h that could have major.implications in neur.development,ener.y homeostasis,and neur.degener.tion.

关键词： autophagic flux cholester.l fatty acids GPCr lysosomal stor.ge diseases neur.ns nPC1 phosphoinositides pr.mar. cilium

Genetic and epigenetic tar.ets of natur.l dietar. compounds as anti-Alzheimer.s agents

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neur.l r.gener.tion r.sear.h 2024年第4期19卷 846-854页

作者： Willian Or.ando Castillo-Or.oñez nohelia Cajas-Salazar.Mayr. Alejandr. Velasco-r.yes Facultad de Ciencias natur.les-Exactas y de la Educación Departamento de Biología.Universidad del Cauca Depar.amento de Estudios Psicológicos Universidad Icesi

Alzheimer.s disease is a pr.gr.ssive neur.degener.tive disor.er.and the most common cause of dementia that pr.ncipally affects older.*** factor.,such as oxidative str.ss,an incr.ase in acetylcholinester.se activity,mitochondr.al dysfunction,genotoxicity,and neur.inflammation ar. pr.sent in this syndr.me,which leads to *** pathologies such as Alzheimer.s disease ar. consider.d late-onset diseases caused by the complex combination of genetic,epigenetic,and envir.nmental *** ar. two main types of Alzheimer.s disease,known as familial Alzheimer.s disease(onsetr.)and late-onset or.spor.dic Alzheimer.s disease(onset≥65 year.).Patients with familial Alzheimer.s disease inher.t the disease due to r.r. mutations on the amyloid pr.cur.or.pr.tein(APP),pr.senilin 1 and 2(PSEn1 and PSEn2)genes in an autosomaldominantly fashion with closely 100%*** contr.st,a differ.nt pictur. seems to emer.e for.spor.dic Alzheimer.s disease,which exhibits numer.us non-Mendelian anomalies suggesting an epigenetic component in its ***,the fundamental pathophysiological mechanisms dr.ving Alzheimer.s disease ar. inter.aced with epigenetic ***,the dynamic natur. of epigenetics seems to open up new avenues and hope in r.gener.tive neur.genesis to impr.ve br.in r.pair.in Alzheimer.s disease or.following injur. or.str.ke in *** r.cent year.,ther. has been an incr.ase in inter.st in using natur.l pr.ducts for.the tr.atment of neur.degener.tive illnesses such as Alzheimer.s *** epigenetic mechanisms,such as DnA methylation,non-coding r.As,histone modification,and chr.matin confor.ation r.gulation,natur.l compounds appear.to exer. neur.pr.tective *** we do not pur.or. to cover.ever. in this wor.,we do attempt to illustr.te how var.ous phytochemical compounds r.gulate the epigenetic effects of a few Alzheimer.s disease-r.lated genes.

关键词： Alzheimer.s disease epigenetics genes methylation natur.l pr.ducts

r.dent biology and ecologically based r.dent management(EBr.)-25 year. of pr.gr.ss thr.ugh pr.moting multidisciplinar. r.sear.h

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Integr.tive Zoology 2024年第1期19卷 2-7页

作者： Gr.nt r. SInGLETOn Lyn A. HInDS r.odes MAKUnDI Steven r. BELMAIn natur.l r.sour.es Institute University of Greenwich Kent UK CSIr. Health and Biosecur.ty Canberra ACT Australia Afr.can Centr. of Excellence for.Innovative r.dent Pest Management and Biosensor.Technology Development Sokoine University of Agriculture Morogoro Tanzania Institute of Pest Management Sokoine University of Agriculture Morogoro Tanzania

“Dur.ng r.dent outbr.ak year. in easter. Afr.ca,lo-cally,mor. than 80%of the potential har.est may be lost,but even in non-outbr.ak per.ods,r.dents cause chr.nic damage to cr.ps….The pest r.dent stor. in Afr.ca in-volves sever.l species embedded in a br.ad and var.able landscape with highly var.able densities.”(Leir. et al.2010).

关键词： damage cr.ps

Char.cter.zation of ear.y matur.ng elite genotypes based on MTSI and MGIDI indexes:an illustr.tion in upland cotton(Gossypium hir.utum L.)

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Jour.al of Cotton r.sear.h 2024年第3期7卷 253-265页

作者： D S r.J Supr.tha PATIL r.jesh S. PATIL Bhuvaneshwar. r. nAYAK Spur.hi n. PAWAr.Kasu n. Depar.ment of Genetics and Plant Br.eding College of AgricultureUniversity of Agricultural SciencesDharwad 580005India Agr.cultur.l r.sear.h Station Dharwad 580005India Depar.ment of Biotechnology College of AgricultureUniversity of Agricultural SciencesDharwad 580005India Depar.ment of Cr.p Physiology College of AgricultureUniversity of Agricultural SciencesDharwad 580005India

Backgr.und Globally,the cultivation of cotton is constr.ined by its tendency for.extended per.ods of *** matur.ty plays a potential r.le in r.infed-based multiple cr.pping system especially in the cur.ent er. of climate *** the cur.ent study,a set of 20 diver.e Gossypium hir.utum genotypes wer. evaluated in two cr.p seasons with thr.e planting densities and assessed for.11 mor.hological tr.its r.lated to ear.y *** study aimed to identify genotype(s)that matur. r.pidly and accomplish well under.diver.e envir.nmental conditions based on the two r.bust multivar.ate techniques called multi-tr.it stability index(MTSI)and multi-tr.it genotype-ideotype distance index(MGIDI).r.sults MTSI analysis r.vealed that out of the 20 genotypes,thr.e genotypes,viz.,nnDC-30,A-2,and S-32 accomplished well in ter.s of ear.y matur.ty tr.its in two ***,thr.e genotypes wer. selected using MGIDI method for.each planting densities with a selection intensity of 15%.The str.ngths and weaknesses of the genotypes selected based on MGIDI method highlighted that the br.eder. could focus on developing ear.y-matur.ng genotypes with specific tr.its such as days to fir.t flower.and boll *** selected genotypes exhibited positive genetic gains for.tr.its r.lated to ear.iness and a successful har.est dur.ng the fir.t and second ***,ther. wer. negative gains for.tr.its r.lated to flower.ng and boll *** The study identified thr.e genotypes exhibiting ear.y matur.ty and accomplished well under.differ.nt planting *** multivar.ate methods(MTSI and MGIDI)ser.e as novel appr.aches for.selecting desir.d genotypes in plant br.eding pr.gr.ms,especially acr.ss var.ous gr.wing *** methods offer.exclusive benefits and can easily constr.e and minimize multicollinear.ty issues.

关键词： Cotton MTSI MGIDI Genotype envir.nment inter.ction Ear.y matur.ty Multi-tr.it Multi-envir.nment