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Science China(Life Sciences) 2015年第10期58卷 1010-1015页

作者： allison b.ratto Gary b.MESIbOV Department of Psychology University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill Department of Psychiatry University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill

The advances in research and treatment of autism spectrum disorders(ASD) over the past three decades have focused largely on early childhood and school-age years. Although ASD is a lifelong condition, there has been relatively little attention paid to ASD during the adolescent and adulthood periods. As the population of those with ASD continues to rise and age, the need to provide research and treatment for this group has become increasingly evident. This paper reviews the current literature available on symptoms, functioning, and treatment of adolescents and adults with ASD, as well as the unique issues that arise for individuals with ASD after childhood. Adulthood outcomes for ASD are generally poor, even for those with average to above average cognitive ability. Further research and additional clinical resources are needed for this rapidly increasing group.

关键词： autism spectrum disorder (ASD) adolescence adulthood developmental trajectory

Macrophage polarization in response to wear particles in vitro

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Cellular & Molecular Immunology 2013年第6期10卷 471-482页

作者： Joseph K Antonios Zhenyu Yao Chenguang Li allison J Rao Stuart b Goodman Orthopaedic Research Laboratories Department of Orthopaedic Surgery Stanford University School of Medicine Stanford CA USA

Total joint replacement is a highly successful surgical procedure for treatment of patients with disabling arthritis and joint dysfunction. However, over time, with high levels of activity and usage of the joint, implant wear particles are generated from the articulating surfaces. These wear particles can lead to activation of an inflammatory reaction, and subsequent bone resorption around the implant （periprosthetic osteolysis）. Cells of the monocyte/macrophage lineage orchestrate this chronic inflammatory response, which is dominated by a pro-inflammatory （M 1） macrophage phenotype rather than an anti-inflammatory pro-tissue healing （M2） macrophage phenotype. While it has been shown that interleukin-4 （IL-4） selectively polarizes macrophages towards an M2 anti-inflammatory phenotype which promotes bone healing, rather than inflammation, little is known about the time course in which this occurs or conditions in which repolarization through I L-4 is most effective. The goal of this work was to study the time course of murine macrophage polarization and cytokine release in response to challenge with combinations of polymethyl methacrylate （PMMA） particles, lipopolysaccharide （LPS） and IL-4 in vitro. Treatment of particle-challenged monocyte/macrophages with IL-4 led to an initial suppression of pro-inflammatory cytokines and inducible nitric oxide synthase （iNOS） production and subsequent polarization into an M2 anti-inflammatory phenotype. This result was optimized when IL-4 was delivered before PMMA particle challenge, to an M 1 phenotype rather than to uncommitted （MO） macrophages. The effects of this polarization were sustained over a 5-day time course. Polarization of M1 macrophages into an M2 phenotype may be a strategy to mitigate wear particle associated periprosthetic osteolysis.

关键词： IL-4 macrophage polarization osteolysis PMMA particles total joint replacement

Newfound physiological function of FAIM protein offers hope of novel disease-modifying therapy for Alzheimer's disease

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Neural Regeneration Research 2023年第12期18卷 2677-2679页

作者： allison Rbalaj Hiroaki Kaku Department of Investigative Medicine Western Michigan University Homer Stryker M.D.School of MedicineKalamazooMIUSA

Introduction of Fas apoptosis inhibitory molecule(FAIM): FAIM was originally discovered in FASresistant mouse primary b lymphocytes in 1999, and was thought of as a FAS-apoptosis inhibitor based on overexpression studies(Schneider et al., 1999). FAIM is an approximately 20 k Da intracellular protein, but a subsequent study identified an alternatively spliced form.

关键词： al. Alzheimer lymphocytes

ILLUMINATION AND EXPOSITION OF A CONVEX n-DIMENSIONAL bODY DEPENDING ON ITS SHARPNESS

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Acta Mathematica Scientia 2002年第2期22卷 189-198页

作者： boris V. Dekster Mathematics, Mount allison University, Sackville, N.b. EOA 3C0, Canada Mathematics Mount Allison University Sackville N.B. E0A 3C0 Canada

A convex n-body C is said to be exposable to a set D of a few directions if there is a linear transformation L : En → En such that L(C) arid each body isometric to L(C) is illuminated by D. Denote by En the minimum integer such that each C is exposable to a (fixed) set D of cardinality En. An upper bound for En is established here.

关键词： Covering illumination Hadwiger conjecture

PLGA nanodepots co-encapsulating prostratin and anti-CD25 enhance primary natural killer cell antiviral and antitumor function

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Nano Research 2020年第3期13卷 736-744页

作者： Elizabeth E.Sweeney Preethi b.balakrishnan allison b.Powell Allan bowen Indra Sarabia Rachel A.burga R.brad Jones Alberto bosque C.Russell Y.Cruz Rohan Fernandes The George Washington Cancer Center The George Washington UniversityWashingtonDC20052USA Center for Cancer and Immunology Research Children’s National Health SystemWashingtonDC20010USA Department of Microbiology Immunologyand Tropical MedicineThe George Washington UniversityWashingtonDC20052USA Infectious Disease Division Weill Cornell Medical CollegeNew YorkNY10065USA View author publications Department of Medicine The George Washington UniversityWashingtonDC20052USA

Natural killer(NK)cells are attractive effector cells of the innate immune system against human immunodeficiency virus(HIV)and ***,NK cell therapies are limited by the fact that target cells evade NK cells,for example,in latent reservoirs(in HIV)or through upregulation of inhibitory signals(in cancer).To address this limitation,we describe a biodegradable nanoparticlebased“priming”approach to enhance the cytotoxic efficacy of peripheral blood mononuclear cell-derived NK *** present poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid)(PLGA)nanodepots(NDs)that co-encapsulate prostratin,a latency-reversing agent,and anti-CD25(aCD25),a cell surface binding antibody,to enhance primary NK cell function against HIV and *** utilize a nanoemulsion synthesis scheme to encapsulate both prostratin and aCD25 within the PLGA NDs(termed Pro-aCD25-NDs).Physicochemical characterization studies of the NDs demonstrated that our synthesis scheme resulted in stable and monodisperse *** NDs successfully released both active prostratin and anti-CD25,and with controllable release *** Pro-aCD25-NDs were administered in an in vitro model of latent HIV and acute T cell leukemia using J-Lat 10.6 cells,the NDs were observed to prime J-Lat cells resulting in significantly increased NK cell-mediated cytotoxicity compared to free prostratin plus anti-CD25,and other *** findings demonstrate the feasibility of using our Pro-aCD25-NDs to prime target cells for enhancing the cytotoxicity of NK cells as antiviral or antitumor agents.

关键词： poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid)(PLGA)nanodepots natural killer(NK)cells human immunodeficiency virus(HIV) cancer latency-reversing agent antibody

Accuracy of biometric formulae for intraocular lens power calculation in a teaching hospital

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International Journal of Ophthalmology(English edition) 2020年第1期13卷 61-65页

作者： Kevin S Tang Elaine M Tran allison J Chen David R Rivera Jorge J Rivera Paul b Greenberg Division of Ophthalmology Alpert Medical SchoolBrown UniversityProvidence 02903Rhode IslandUSA Section of Ophthalmology Providence VA Medical CenterProvidence 02908Rhode IslandUSA Shiley Eye Institute and Department of Ophthalmology University of California San DiegoLa Jolla 92093CaliforniaUSA

AIM: To evaluate the accuracy of three commonly used biometric formulae across different axial lengths(ALs) at one United States Veterans Affairs teaching ***: A retrospective chart review was conducted from November 2013 to May 2018. One eye of each patient who underwent cataract surgery with a monofocal intraocular lens(IOL) was included. The range of postoperative follow-up period was from 3 wk to 4 mo. The Holladay 2, barrett Universal II, and Hill-Radial basis Function(Hill-RbF) formulae were used to predict the postoperative refraction for all cataract surgeries. For each formula, we calculated the prediction errors [including mean absolute prediction error(MAE)] and the percentage of eyes within ±0.25 diopter(D) and ±0.5 D of predicted refraction. We performed subgroup analyses for short(AL25.0 mm).RESULTS: A total of 1131 patients were screened, and 909 met the inclusion criteria. Resident ophthalmologists were the primary surgeons in 710(78.1%) cases. We found no statistically significant difference in predictive accuracy among the three formulae over the entire AL range or in the short, medium, and long eye subgroups. Across the entire AL range, the Hill-RbF formula resulted in the lowest MAE(0.384 D) and the highest percentage of eyes with postoperative refraction within ±0.25 D(42.7%) and ±0.5 D(75.5%) of predicted. All three formulae had the highest MAEs(>0.5 D) and lowest percentage within ±0.5 D of predicted refraction(biometric formulae demonstrate similar refractive accuracy across all ALs. Short eyes pose the greatest challenge to predicting postoperative refractive error.

关键词： cataract surgery biometry intraocular lens power calculation

Optimal Allocation of Replicates for Measurement Evaluation Studies

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Genomics, Proteomics & bioinformatics 2006年第3期4卷 196-202页

作者： Stanislav O. Zakharkin Kyoungmi Kim Alfred A. bartolucci Grier P. Page David b. allison Department of biostatistics University of Alabama at BirminghamBirmingham AL 35294-0022 USA Division of biostatistics School of Medicine University of California Davis CA 95616-8638 USA Department of biostatistics University of Alabama at BirminghamBirmingham AL 35294-0022 USA Clinical Nutrition Research Center Department of Nutrition Sciences University of Alabama at Birmingham Birm- ingham AL 35294-3361 USA.

Optimal experimental design is important for the efficient use of modern highthroughput technologies such as microarrays and proteomics. Multiple factors including the reliability of measurement system, which itself must be estimated from prior experimental work, could influence design decisions. In this study, we describe how the optimal number of replicate measures （technical replicates） for each biological sample （biological replicate） can be determined. Different allocations of biological and technical replicates were evaluated by minimizing the variance of the ratio of technical variance （measurement error） to the total variance （sum of sampling error and measurement error）. We demonstrate that if the number of biological replicates and the number of technical replicates per biological sample are variable, while the total number of available measures is fixed, then the optimal allocation of replicates for measurement evaluation experiments requires two technical replicates for each biological replicate. Therefore, it is recommended to use two technical replicates for each biological replicate if the goal is to evaluate the reproducibility of measurements.

关键词： experimental design measurement microarrays proteomics

Cold adaptation does not alter ATP homeostasis during cold exposure in Drosophila melanogaster

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Integrative Zoology 2018年第4期13卷 471-481页

作者： Caroline M.WILLIAMS James R.ROCCA Arthur S.EDISON David b.allison Theodore J.MORGAN Daniel A.HAHN Department of Integrative biology University of CaliforniaBerkeleyCaliforniaUSA Departments of Entomology and Nematology University of FloridaGainesvilleFloridaUSA biochemistry University of FloridaGainesvilleFloridaUSA Advanced Magnetic Resonance Imaging and Spectroscopy Facility McKnight Brain InstituteUniversity of FloridaGainesvilleFloridaUSA Departments of Genetics and biochemistry Complex Carbohydrate Research CenterUniversity of GeorgiaAthensGeorgiaUSA Department of Epidemiology and biostatistics School of Public HealthIndiana University BloomingtonBloomingtonIndianaUSA Division of biology Kansas State UniversityManhattanKansasUSA

In insects and other ectotherms,cold temperatures cause a coma resulting from loss of neuromuscular function,during which ionic and metabolic homeostasis are progressively *** adaptation improves homeostasis during cold exposure,but the ultimate targets of selection are still an open *** acclimation and adaptation remodels mitochondrial metabolism in insects,suggesting that aerobic energy production during cold exposure could be a target of ***,we test the hypothesis that cold adaptation improves the ability to maintain rates of aerobic energy production during cold exposure by using^(31)P NMR on live *** lines of Drosophila melanogaster artificially selected for fast and slow recovery from a cold coma,we show that cold exposure does not lower ATP levels and that cold adaptation does not alter aerobic ATP production during cold ***-hardy and cold-susceptible lines both experienced a brief transition to anaerobic metabolism during cooling,but this was rapidly reversed during cold exposure,suggesting that oxidative phosphorylation was sufficient to meet energy demands below the critical thermal minimum,even in cold-susceptible *** thus reject the hypothesis that performance under mild low temperatures is set by aerobic ATP supply limitations in ***,excluding oxygen and capacity limitation as a weak link in energy *** work suggests that the modulations to mitochondrial metabolism resulting from cold acclimation or adaptation may arise from selection on a biosynthetic product(s)of those pathways rather than selection on ATP supply during cold exposure.

关键词： chill coma energetics insect oxygen limitation thermal tolerance

Mammary gland growth and vascularity at parturition and during lactation in primiparous ewes fed differing levels of selenium and nutritional plane during gestation

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Journal of Animal Science and biotechnology 2013年第4期4卷 287-293页

作者： Tammi L Neville allison M Meyer Arshi Reyaz Pawel b borowicz Dale A Redmer Lawrence P Reynolds Joel S Caton Kimberly A Vonnahme Center for Nutrition and Pregnancy Department of Animal Sciences North Dakota State University

background： Objectives were to examine the effects of selenium （Se） supply and maternal nutritional plane during gestation on mammary gland growth, cellular proliferation, and vascularity at parturition and d 20 of lactation. Rambouillet primiparous ewes （n = 84） were allocated to treatments in a 2 x 3 factorial. Factors were dietary Se （adequate Se [ASe, 11.5 μg/kg bW] or high Se [HSe, 77.0 μg/kg bVV]） and nutritional plane （60% IRES], 100% [CON], or 140% [EXC]）. At parturition, lambs were removed and 42 ewes （7/treatment） were necropsied. Remaining ewes were fed a common diet meeting requirements for lactation and mechanically milked twice daily until necropsy on d 20. At both necropsy periods, mammary glands were dissected and tissues harvested. Samples were analyzed for RNA, DNA, and protein content, cell proliferation, and vascularity. Where interactions were present （P 〈 0.05）, least squares means from the highest-order interaction are presented. Results： Final body weight of ewes was least （P 〈 0.002） in RES, intermediate for CON, and greatest for EXC, regardless of stage of the ewe at necropsy （parturition or d 20 of lactation）. In ewes necropsied at parturition, mammary glands were heavier （P = 0.02） in EXC compared to RES, with CON intermediate. Concentration of RNA （rag/g） was decreased （P= 0.01） in EXC compared to CON at parturition. There was a tendency （P= 0.07） for a Se by nutrition interaction in percentage of cells proliferating where ASe-EXC ewes had greater （P_〈 0.02） number of proliferating cells then all other treatments. Mammary vascular area tended （P = 0.08） to be affected by a Se by nutrition interaction where ASe-CON had less （P= 0.007） vascular area than HSe-CON ewes. In ewes necropsied at d 20 of lactation, the number of alveoli per area was decreased （P 〈- 0.05） in RES compared to CON and EXC-fed ewes. Conclusions： Results of this study indicate that proper maternal nutritional plane during gestation is important for mammary gland develo

关键词： Mammary gland Nutrition Proliferation Selenium Vascularity

Role of alcohol in pathogenesis of hepatitis b virus infection

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2020年第9期26卷 883-903页

作者： Murali Ganesan allison Eikenberry Larisa Y Poluektova Kusum K Kharbanda Natalia A Osna Research Service Veterans Affairs Nebraska-Western Iowa Health Care SystemOmahaNE 68105United States Department of Internal Medicine Division of Gastroenterology and HepatologyUniversity of Nebraska Medical CenterOmahaNE 68105United States

Hepatitis b virus(HbV)and alcohol abuse often contribute to the development of end-stage liver *** abuse not only causes rapid progression of liver disease in HbV infected patients but also allows HbV to persist ***,the mechanism by which alcohol promotes the progression of HbVassociated liver disease are not completely *** mechanisms include a suppressed immune response,oxidative stress,endoplasmic reticulum and Golgi apparatus stresses,and increased HbV ***,more research is necessary to gain a better understanding of these mechanisms such that treatment(s)to prevent rapid liver disease progression in alcohol-abusing HbV patients could be *** this review,we discuss the aforementioned factors for the higher risk of liver diseases in alcohol-induced HbV pathogenies and suggest the areas for future studies in this field.

关键词： Hepatitis b virus Alcohol Immunity Oxidative stress Liver disease