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Novel polysaccharide-protein conjugates provide an immunogenic 13-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine for ***

Synthetic and Systems Biotechnology 2017年第1期2卷 49-58页

作者： allison E.B.Turner Jonas E.Gerson Helen Y.So Daniel J.Krasznai Adrienne J.St.Hilaire Donald F.Gerson vaccine Research and Development PnuVax Incorporated Headquarters134 Albert St.KingstonOntarioK7L 3V2Canada vaccine Research and Development PnuVax Incorporated Laboratories6000 Royalmount Ave.MontrealQuebecH4P 2T1Canada

Pneumonia remains the single leading cause of childhood death *** the commercial availability of multiple pneumococcal conjugate vaccines(PCvs),high dosage cost and supply shortages prevent PCv delivery to much of the developing *** current work presents high-yield pneumococcal conjugates that are immunogenic in animals and suitable for use in human vaccine *** 13-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine(PCv-13)investigated in this research incorporated serotypes 1,3,4,5,6A,6B,7F,9v,14,18C,19A,19F,and *** polysaccharides(PnPSs)and CRM197 carrier protein were produced and purified in-house,and used to prepare PnPS-CRM conjugates using unique,cyanide-free,in vacuo glycation conjugation *** vitro characterization confirmed the generation of higher molecular weight PnPS-CRM conjugates low in free *** vivo animal studies were performed to compare Pnuvax's PCv-13 to the commercially available PCv-13,Prevnar®13(Pfizer,USA).A boost dose was provided to all groups post-dose 1 at t?14 ***-dose 2 results at t?28 days showed that all 13 serotypes in Pnuvax's PCv-13 were *** serotype IgG GMCs demonstrated that Pnuvax's PCv-13 is immunogenic for all 13 serotypes,with 10 of the 13 serotypes statistically the same or higher than Prevnar®13 post-dose *** a result,the novel polysaccharideprotein conjugates developed in this work are highly promising for use in human PCv *** in vacuo conjugation technique applied in this work could also be readily adapted to develop many other conjugate vaccines.

关键词： Pneumonia vaccine development PCv Pneumococcal conjugate vaccine Polysaccharide Carrier protein In vacuo glycation

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Evolving technologies for growing,imaging and analyzing 3D root system architecture of crop plants

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Journal of Integrative Plant Biology 2016年第3期58卷 230-241页

作者： Miguel A.Pieros Brandon G.Larson Jon E.Shaff David J.Schneider Alexandre Xavier Falcao Lixing Yuan Randy T.Clark Eric J.Craft Tyler W.Davis Pierre-Luc Pradier Nathanael M.shaw Ithipong Assaranurak Susan R.Mc Couch Craig Sturrock Malcolm Bennett Leon v.Kochian USDA-ARS Robert Holley Center for Agriculture and Health538 Tower RoadIthacaNY 14580USA Department of Information Systems Institute of ComputingUniversity of CampinasAv.Albert Einstein1251CEP 13083-852CampinasSPBrazil Department of Plant Nutrition China Agricultural UniversityBeijing 100193China Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics Cornell UniversityIthacaNY 14853USA Centre for Plant Integrative Biology School of BiosciencesUniversity of NottinghamSutton BoningtonLE12 5RDUK College of Science King Saud UniversityRiyadh 11451Kingdom of Saudi Arabia

A plant＇s ability to maintain or improve its yield under limiting conditions,such as nutrient de ficiency or drought,can be strongly in fluenced by root system architecture（RSA）,the three-dimensional distribution of the different root types in the soil. The ability to image,track and quantify these root system attributes in a dynamic fashion is a useful tool in assessing desirable genetic and physiological root traits. Recent advances in imaging technology and phenotyping software have resulted in substantive progress in describing and quantifying RSA. We have designed a hydroponic growth system which retains the three-dimensional RSA of the plant root system,while allowing for aeration,solution replenishment and the imposition of nutrient treatments,as well as high-quality imaging of the root system. The simplicity and flexibility of the system allows for modi fications tailored to the RSA of different crop species and improved throughput. This paper details the recent improvements and innovations in our root growth and imaging system which allows for greater image sensitivity（detection of fine roots and other root details）,higher ef ficiency,and a broad array of growing conditions for plants that more closely mimic those found under field conditions.

关键词： Abiotic stress digital root phenotyping mineral nutrition root system architecture

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色素内镜监测遗传弥漫性低分化胃癌:预防性胃切除术的另一种替代性选择?

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世界核心医学期刊文摘（胃肠病学分册） 2005年第8期1卷 39-40页

作者： shaw D Blair v Framp A 赵天智 Tauranga Hospital Private Bag 12 024 Tauranga New Zealand.Dr

Background: Hereditary diffuse gastric cancer (HDGC) is defined by germline mu tations in the E-cadherin gene, *** first family in which CDH-1 mutatio ns were identified was a large Maori kindred, where lifetime penetrance is 70%. Prophylactic gastrectomy is an unacceptable option for many mutation carriers. T he results of annual chromoendoscopic surveillance using the methylene blue/cong o red technique in 33 mutation carriers over a five year period are described. P atients and methods: Thirty three confirmed CDH-1 mutation carriers(18 males, 1 5 females), median age 32 years (range 14-69),were enrolled in 1999-2003. Medi cal records, endoscopy, and pathology were reviewed retrospectively. Results: Ov er five years, 99 surveillance endoscopies were performed, of which 93 were chro mo-dye enhanced. Sixty nine chromoendoscopies were normal. In 24 procedures, 1 -6 pale areas/stomach (size 2-10 mm) were detected post chromo-dye applicatio n (totalling 56 pale lesions). One biopsy was taken from each pale lesion: 23 le sions (41%) showed signet ring cell carcinoma (10 patients),10 lesions (18%) g astritis (four patients), and 23 (41%) normal mucosa (10 patients). No chromo- dyes were used in six procedures with macroscopic lesions (two HDGC, four ulcera tion).Total gastrectomies from patients with carcinoma were macroscopically norm al but pathological mapping showed multiple microscopic foci of early signet rin g cell carcinoma. Correlation of chromoendoscopic and gastrectomy findings showe d that congo red/methylene blue detected carcinoma foci 4-10 mm in size but not focivisible with white light gastroscopy. If these findings are validated in other HDGC kind red, chromogastroscopy represents an improved survei- llance technique that can be safely considered alongside prophylactic gastrect omy.

关键词：低分化胃癌色素内镜胃切除术性选择弥漫性亚甲蓝染色钙黏蛋白早期胃癌印戒细胞癌携带者

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南极自动气象站

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气象科技 1985年第3期 83-88页

作者： I. allison J. v. Morrissy 陈善敏

一、引言建立自动气象站(AWS)对在广阔的无人居住的南大洋区域扩大资料覆盖是一件引人向往的事情,在南极尤其如此。澳大利亚科学技术部南极处过去在冰原上曾使用过自动地球物理观测站(Bird和HumPhreys,2972),但是这些站用的是观测现场... 详细信息

一、引言建立自动气象站(AWS)对在广阔的无人居住的南大洋区域扩大资料覆盖是一件引人向往的事情,在南极尤其如此。澳大利亚科学技术部南极处过去在冰原上曾使用过自动地球物理观测站(Bird和HumPhreys,2972),但是这些站用的是观测现场的磁带记录,而本文所讲的自动气象站则利用

关键词：自动气象站人工观测凯西赫德岛遥测自动天气站南极气压传感器压力传感器

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Chaotic Driven Tunneling in Rectangular Double-Well

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Communications in Computational Physics 2006年第1期1卷 81-99页

作者： v.L.Golo Yu.S.volkov Department of Mechanics and Mathematics Moscow State UniversityMoscow 119899 GSP-2Russia

We consider a charged particle confined in a one-dimensional rectangular doublewell potential,driven by an external periodic excitation at frequencyΩand with amplitude *** find that there is the regime of the parametric resonance due to the modulation of the amplitude A at the frequencyωprm,which results in the change in the population dynamics of the energy *** analysis relies on the Dirac system of Hamiltonian equations that are equivalent to the Schr¨odinger *** a finite dimensional approximation to the Dirac system,we construct the foliation of its phase space by subsets F_(ab)given by constraints a≤N_(0)≤b on the occupation probabilities N0 of the ground state,and describe the tunneling by frequenciesνab of the system’s visiting subsets F_(ab).The frequenciesνab determine the probability density and thus the Shannon entropy,which has the maximum value at the resonant frequencyω=ω*** reconstruction of the state-space of the system’s dynamics with the help of the shaw-Takens method indicates that the quasi-periodic motion breaks down at the resonant valueωprm.

关键词： Tunneling double-well parametric resonance

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Cigarette Smoke Induces Apoptosis by Activation of Caspase-3 in Isolated Fetal Rat Lung Type II Alveolar Ep-ithelial Cells <i>in vitro</i>

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Open Journal of Respiratory Diseases 2013年第1期3卷 4-12页

作者： Asra Ahmed James A. Thliveris Anthony shaw Michael Sowa James Gilchrist J. Elliott Scott Departments of Oral Biology University of Manitoba and Manitoba Institute for Child Health Winnipeg Canada Human Anatomy and Cell Science University of Manitoba and Manitoba Institute for Child Health Winnipeg Canada The Biology of Breathing Group University of Manitoba and Manitoba Institute for Child Health Winnipeg Canada The National Research Council Biodiagnostics Institute University of Manitoba and Manitoba Institute for Child Health Winnipeg Canada

Smoking during pregnancy is a major source of fetal exposure to numerous harmful agents present in tobacco smoke. Lung development involves complex biochemical processes resulting in dramatic changes which continue even after birth. In addition to type I cells which form the blood-air barrier, type II alveolar epithelial (AE) cells have important and diverse functions related to immunological protection and stabilization of the alveolus through synthesis and secretion of the pulmonary surfactant. Apoptosis or programmed cells death is an important physiological process during lung embryogenesis and for the proper maintenance of homeostasis. Caspases are proteases that play important roles in regulating apoptosis. Caspase-3 is the key executioner caspase in the cascade of events leading to cell death by apoptosis. We explored the hypothesis that cigarette smoke extract (CSE) induces apoptosis in fetal rat lung type II AE cells by activation of caspase-3. To analyze these factors, isolated fetal rat lung type II AE cells were used. The cells were exposed to different concentrations of CSE (5%, 10% or 15%) (v/v) for 60 min. The results of the present study showed that CSE induced apoptosis in fetal rat lung type II AE cells with a significant increase (p 0.05) in caspase-3 activity and decrease in cell proliferation at CSE concentrations of 10% and 15% (v/v). These observations indicate that cigarette smoke extract induces apoptosis by activation of caspase-3 in fetal rat lung type II AE cells in a dose-dependent manner and may potentially alter the regulated development of the lung and the appearance of the surfactant-producing type II alveolar cells which are critical for the establishment of adequate gas exchange at birth.

关键词： Cigarette Smoke Toxicity Fetal Rat Lung Type II Alveolar Cells Apoptosis Protease Caspase-3 Lung Development Developmental Toxicity Maternal Smoking

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vanillylacetone modulates the antioxidation capability in NRK52E cell

Vanillylacetone modulates the antioxidation capability in NR...

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第二届两岸四地营养改善学术会议

作者： Chih-Chung Wu Keh-shaw Chen Jinn-Chyi Wang Shu-Ling Hsieh Department of Nutrition and Health Science Chang Jung Christian University(Tainan) Department of Pharmacy and Graduate Institute and Pharmaceutical Technology Tajen University(Pingtung) Department of Food Science and Technology Tajen University(Pingtung) Department of Seafood Science Kaohsiung Marine University

Ginger is a common spice used in popular cuisine and has been widely applied in research of diseases due to its rich ***(v-acetone) is one of the active ingredients and gives ginger a"spicy flavor".The purpose of this research is to probe into the anti-oxidation activity of v-acetone and the protective action of NRK 52E cells

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C.v.M.史密斯:《生命问题》——一本关于生物学思想来源的论著

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世界科学 1981年第9期 59-60页

作者： allison Quick ,吴晓江

生命问题是解释为什么某些物体表现出我们认为无生命的行为,而另一些物体独特地表现出我们认为有生命的行为的问题。对无生命物体和有生命物体的差异所作的各种各样的解释,是在不同的本体论和认识论的见解及其持续不断的争论的基础上形... 详细信息

生命问题是解释为什么某些物体表现出我们认为无生命的行为,而另一些物体独特地表现出我们认为有生命的行为的问题。对无生命物体和有生命物体的差异所作的各种各样的解释,是在不同的本体论和认识论的见解及其持续不断的争论的基础上形成的。了解这些见解,可以提供一个了解生物学发展的基本框架。史密斯这本书的长处在于他试图用这样一个框架写一部生物学史。(该书一九七六年由伦敦麦克米伦公司出版——译者注) 这本书包括了从希腊以前到现在对生命的科学认识的主要理论活动。因此,它显然不能试图写成一部详细的历史,而是一个多少有点紧扣一个主题——这个主题由著者多方面地描写为从目的论转

关键词：还原论逻辑实证主义 C.v.M 生物学史史密斯机械论机械唯物主义生命形而上学机体论亚里士多德泛灵论万物有灵论

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Gut sterilization in experimental colitis leukocyte mediated colon injury, and effects on angiogenesis/lymphangiogenesis

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Open Journal of Gastroenterology 2013年第1期3卷 12-24页

作者： Mihir Patel Justin Olinde allison Tatum Chaitanya v. Ganta Walter E. Cromer Ankur R. Sheth Merilyn H. Jennings J. Michael Mathis Traci Testerman Paul A. Jordan Kenneth Manas Christopher P. Monceaux J. Steven Alexander Department of Cellular Biology and Anatomy LSU Health Shreveport Shreveport USA Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology LSU Health Shreveport Shreveport USA Department of Microbiology and Immunology LSU Health Shreveport Shreveport USA Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology LSU Health Shreveport Shreveport USA

Inappropriate responses to normal commensal bacteria trigger immune activation in both inflammatory bowel disease and experimental colitis. How gut flora contribute to the pathogenesis of inflammatory bowel disease is unclear, but may involve entrapment of leukocytes and remodeling of the vascular system. Here we evaluated how the progression and tissue remodeling in experimental colitis differ in a germ- free model of mouse colitis. Four treatment groups were used: control, antibiotic-treated (ABX), dextran sulfate colitis (DSS) and DSS pre- and co-treated with antibiotics (DSS + ABX). In days 0 - 3 of the study, germ-free mice received antibiotics (vancomycin, neomycin, and metronidazole). During the next 11 days, antibiotics were continued and DSS (3%) added to “colitis” groups. Disease activity, weight, stool form and blood were monitored daily. Mice were sacrificed and tissue samples harvested. Histopathological scores in controls (0.00) and in ABX (1.0+/–0.81) were significantly (p –0). Extents of injury, inflammation and crypt damage were all improved in DSS + ABX. The Disease Activity Index score (day 11) was significantly worse in the DSS group compared to the DSS + ABX group. Stool blood and form scores were also significantly improved among these groups. Importantly, myeloper- oxidase was significantly reduced in DSS + ABX, indicating that neutrophil infiltration was blocked. Colitis was associated with an increase in blood and lymphatic vessels;both of these events were also significantly reduced by gut sterilization. Our experiment shows that clinical and histopathological severity of colitis was significantly worse in the DSS colitis group compared to the DSS + ABX group, supporting the hypothesis that development of IBD is likely to be less severe with appropriate antibiotic treatment. In particular, gut sterilization effectively reduces leuko- cyte-dependent (PMN) injury to improve outcomes and may be an important target for therapy.

关键词： Crohn’s Disease Antibiotics Myeloperoxidase Lymphatics Angiogenesis

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Agrobacterium tumefaciens: A Bacterium Primed for Synthetic Biology

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BioDesign Research 2020年第1期2020卷 91-106页

作者： Mitchell G.Thompson William M.Moore Niklas F.C.Hummel allison N.Pearson Collin R.Barnum Henrik v.Scheller Patrick M.Shih Joint BioEnergy Institute EmeryvilleCAUSA Environmental Genomics and Systems Biology Division Lawrence Berkeley National LaboratoryBerkeleyCAUSA Department of Plant Biology University of California-DavisDavisCAUSA Department of Plant and Microbial Biology University of California-BerkeleyBerkeleyCAUSA Genome Center University of California-DavisDavisCAUSA

Agrobacterium tumefaciens is an important tool in plant biotechnology due to its natural ability to transfer DNA into the genomes of host *** manipulations of *** have yielded considerable advances in increasing transformational efficiency in a number of plant species and ***,there is overwhelming evidence that modulating the expression of various mediators of *** virulence can lead to more successful plant transformation;thus,the application of synthetic biology to enable targeted engineering of the bacterium may enable new opportunities for advancing plant *** this review,we highlight engineering targets in both *** and plant hosts that could be exploited more effectively through precision genetic control to generate high-quality transformation events in a wider range of host *** then further discuss the current state of *** and plant engineering with regard to plant transformation and describe how future work may incorporate a rigorous synthetic biology approach to tailor strains of *** used in plant transformation.

关键词： transformation enable rigorous

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