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女性健康倡议单用雌激素试验中冠状动脉钙化与试验后心血管事件及死亡率的关系

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中华高血压杂志 2017年第11期25卷 1022-1022页

作者：黄洁叶鹏 Poornima IG mackey RH allison ma manson JE Carr JJ LaMonte MJ Chang Y Kuller LH

参与女性健康倡议（women’s health initiative，WHI）单用雌激素（estrogen—alone，E—Alone）试验的年龄50～59岁的女性中，与安慰剂组相比，基线时随机使用合成雌激素的女性心肌梗死的风险和死亡率更低。

关键词：雌激素试验女性健康冠状动脉钙化死亡率试验后心血管事件单用心肌梗死

高踝臂指数与中老年人心血管疾病罹发风险增加和生活质量下降皆有关

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国外医学（老年医学分册） 2009年第1期30卷 44-44页

作者： allison ma[英] 袁志敏（摘）

如众所知,踝臂指数(ABI)能提供可靠的动脉粥样硬化和心血管事件风险相关信息。如当ABI<0.90时,将增加心血管疾病发病率和死亡率风险。相反,若ABI过高,亦与冠脉钙化有关,如ABI≥1.40时,某些心血管疾病发病率和死亡风险将增加。然而关于AB... 详细信息

如众所知,踝臂指数(ABI)能提供可靠的动脉粥样硬化和心血管事件风险相关信息。如当ABI<0.90时,将增加心血管疾病发病率和死亡率风险。相反,若ABI过高,亦与冠脉钙化有关,如ABI≥1.40时,某些心血管疾病发病率和死亡风险将增加。然而关于ABI过高≥1.40时,与其它疾病或生活质量(QoL)间关系尚未清楚。本文就此进行了分析。[第一段]

关键词：心血管疾病死亡风险生活质量踝臂指数中老年人疾病发病率动脉粥样硬化心血管事件

North Atlantic subtropical mode water formation controlled by Gulf Stream fronts

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National Science Review 2023年第9期10卷 214-223页

作者： Bolan Gan Jingjie Yu Lixin Wu Gokhan Danabasoglu R.Justin Small allison H.Baker Fan Jia Zhao Jing Xiaohui ma Haiyuan Yang Zhaohui Chen Frontier Science Center for Deep Ocean Multispheres and Earth System(FDOMES) and Physical Oceanography Laboratory Ocean University of China 2. Laoshan Laboratory National Center for Atmospheric Research CAS Key Laboratory of Ocean Circulation and Waves Institute of Oceanology Chinese Academy of Sciences

The North Atlantic Ocean hosts the largest volume of global subtropical mode waters(STMWs) in the world,which serve as heat,carbon and oxygen silos in the ocean *** are formed in the Gulf Stream region where thermal fronts are pervasive and result in feedback with the ***,their roles in STMW formation have been *** eddy-resolving global climate simulations,we find that suppressing local frontal-scale ocean-to-atmosphere(FOA) feedback leads to STMW formation being reduced almost by *** is because FOA feedback enlarges STMW outcropping,attributable to the mixed layer deepening associated with cumulative excessive latent heat loss due to higher wind speeds and greater air-sea humidity contrast driven by the Gulf Stream *** enhanced heat loss overshadows the stronger restratification induced by vertical eddies and turbulent heat transport,making STMW colder and he *** more realistic representation of FOA feedback,the eddy-present/rich coupled global climate models reproduce the observed STMWs much better than the eddy-free *** improvement in STMW production cannot be achieved,even with the oceanic resolution solely refined but without coupling to the overlying atmosphere in oceanic general circulation *** findings highlight the need to resolve FOA feedback to ameliorate the common severe underestimation of STMW and associated heat and carbon uptakes in earth system mo dels.

关键词： North Atlantic subtropical mode water Gulf Stream thermal fronts frontal-scale ocean-to-atmosphere feedback eddy-resolving coupled global climate model

Is changing footstrike pattern beneficial to runners?

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Journal of Sport and Health Science 2017年第2期6卷 146-153页

作者： Joseph Hamill allison H.Gruber Biomechanics Laboratory Department of KinesiologyUniversity of MassachusettsAmherstMA 01003USA Biomechanics Laboratory Department of KinesiologyIndiana UniversityBloomingtonIN 47405USA

Some researchers, running instructors, and coaches have suggested that the "optimal" footstrike pattern to improve performance and reduce running injuries is to land using a mid-or forefoot strike. Thus, it has been recommended that runners who use a rearfoot strike would benefit by changing their footstrike although there is little scientific evidence for suggesting such a change. The rearfoot strike is clearly more prevalent. The major reasons often given for changing to a mid-or forefoot strike are(1) it is more economical;(2) there is a reduction in the impact peak and loading rate of the vertical component of the ground reaction force; and(3) there is a reduction in the risk of a running-related injuries. In this paper,we critique these 3 suggestions and provide alternate explanations that may provide contradictory evidence for altering one's footstrike *** have concluded, based on examining the research literature, that changing to a mid-or forefoot strike does not improve running economy, does not eliminate an impact at the foot-ground contact, and does not reduce the risk of running-related injuries.

关键词： Epidemiology Footfall patterns Forefoot Ground reaction force Impacts Midfoot Rearfoot Running economy

Micromolded honeycomb scaffold design to support the generation of a bilayered RPE and photoreceptor cell construct

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Bioactive materials 2023年第12期30卷 142-153页

作者： In-Kyu Lee Ruosen Xie Agustin Luz-madrigal Seunghwan Min Jingcheng Zhu Jiahe Jin Kimberly L.Edwards M.Joseph Phillips allison L.Ludwig David M.Gamm Shaoqin Gong Zhenqiang ma Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Wisconsin-MadisonMadisonWI53706USA Wisconsin Institute for Discovery University of Wisconsin-MadisonMadisonWI53715USA Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences University of Wisconsin-MadisonMadisonWI53705USA Department of Biomedical Engineering University of Wisconsin-MadisonMadisonWI53706USA McPherson Eye Research Institute University of Wisconsin-MadisonMadisonWI53705USA Waisman Center University of Wisconsin-MadisonMadisonWI53705USA Department of Comparative Biomedical Sciences University of Wisconsin–MadisonMadisonWI53706USA Department of materials Science and Engineering University of Wisconsin-MadisonMadisonWI53706USA Department of Engineering Physics University of Wisconsin-MadisonMadisonWI53706USA Grainger Institute for Engineering University of Wisconsin-MadisonMadisonWI53706USA

Age-related macular degeneration(AMD)causes blindness due to loss of retinal pigment epithelium(RPE)and photoreceptors(PRs),which comprise the two outermost layers of the *** the small size of the macula and the importance of direct contact between RPE and PRs,the use of scaffolds for targeted reconstruction of the outer retina in later stage AMD and other macular dystrophies is particularly *** developed microfabricated,honeycomb-patterned,biodegradable poly(glycerol sebacate)(PGS)scaffolds to deliver organized,adjacent layers of RPE and PRs to the subretinal ***,an optimized process was developed to photocure PGS,shortening scaffold production time from days to *** resulting scaffolds robustly supported the seeding of human pluripotent stem cell-derived RPE and PRs,either separately or as a dual celllayered *** advanced,economical,and versatile scaffolds can accelerate retinal cell transplantation efforts and benefit patients with AMD and other retinal degenerative diseases.

关键词： Microfabrication Retina Scaffolds Stem cells Tissue engineering

核合金的基于晶体塑性模型的集成计算材料模拟研究

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中国科学：物理学、力学、天文学 2019年第11期49卷 89-102页

作者：马显锋位东辉 allison John E 王彪中山大学中法核工程与技术学院珠海519082 Department of materials Science and Engineering University of MichiganAnn Arbor 48109USA

核反应堆的核燃料包壳、堆内构件、蒸汽发生器等关键部件均采用耐高温腐蚀、力学性能优异的合金材料制造.合金加工工艺直接影响组织结构,进而影响其力学、腐蚀和辐照性能.核合金的堆外性能研究是合金适用性评估和改进优化的关键步骤,因... 详细信息

核反应堆的核燃料包壳、堆内构件、蒸汽发生器等关键部件均采用耐高温腐蚀、力学性能优异的合金材料制造.合金加工工艺直接影响组织结构,进而影响其力学、腐蚀和辐照性能.核合金的堆外性能研究是合金适用性评估和改进优化的关键步骤,因此定量预测核级合金的"加工工艺-微结构-力学性能"具有重要意义.传统的核合金工艺改进与评估主要依赖于实验循环"试错法",实验成本高,研发周期长.基于全过程模拟的集成计算材料工程方法将制造工艺、材料演化与性能模型结合,显著缩短关键材料及构件的研发周期和成本.为促进该方法在核合金的工艺优化与研发中的应用,本文发展了基于合金微结构相关的晶体塑性模型和解耦有限元模拟的计算方法,对锆合金、钛合金和FeCrAl合金的"加工工艺-织构-力学性能"进行了定量预测.结果显示该集成计算方法可精确预测3种典型合金的热加工织构演化、拉伸和压缩塑性变形行为,可为核级合金的加工工艺优化和力学性能评估提供计算工具和理论依据.

关键词：集成计算材料工程晶体塑性模型加工工艺组织演化织构核合金

Climate and meteorological processes of the East Antarctic ice sheet between Zhongshan and Dome-A

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Advances in Polar Science 2016年第2期27卷 90-101页

作者： BIAN Lingen Ian allison XIAO Cunde ma Yongfeng FU Liang DING Minghu Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences Beijing 100081 Antarctic Climate and Ecosystems CRC Private Bag 80HobartTAS 7001Australia State Key Laboratory of Cryospheric Science Cold and Arid Regions Environmental and Engineering Research InstituteChinese Academy of SciencesLanzhouChina

The 1228 km over-snow traverse route between the Chinese Zhongshan Station, on the coast of Prydz Bay, and Dome-A, at 4091 m elevation the highest point of the East Antarctic ice sheet, has been the focus of CHINARE surface meteorological and climate studies since 2002. A network of seven Automatic Weather Stations has been deployed along this section, including at Dome-A itself, and some of these have now provided nearly-hourly data for over a decade. Atmospheric boundary layer turbulence and radiation observations have been made over the near-coastal ice sheet inland of Zhongshan and surface turbulence measurements using an ultrasonic anemometer system have also been made in the deep interior of the ice sheet. Summer GPS radiosonde soundings of the atmospheric boundary layer have been made at Kunlun Station, near Dome-A. In this paper these observations are combined to provide a comprehensive overview of the meteorological regime of this region of the ice sheet, its climate variability, and as a reference for future study of climate change. This includes investigation of the variation of surface climate features with elevation and distance from the coast, the height and structure of the boundary layer over the ice sheet, and seasonal and regional changes in ice/snow-air interactions, including turbulent and radiative energy fluxes. The air temperature and snow temperature between the coastal Zhongshan and Dome-A on the inland plateau have not changed significantly in the past decade compared with the inter-annual variability.

关键词： Antarctic meteorology boundary layer Dome-A climate automatic weather stations

积雪对南极冰盖自动气象站气温观测影响的研究

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极地研究 2008年第4期20卷 299-309页

作者：马永锋卞林根效存德 Ian allison 中国气象科学研究院北京100081 中国科学院寒区旱区环境与工程研究所冰芯与寒区环境重点实验室兰州730000 Australian Antarctic Division and Antarctic Climate and Ecosystems CRC Private Bag 80 Hobart Tasmania 7001 Australia

随着冰盖表面雪的累积或消融,自动气象站(AWS)传感器相对地表的高度随之发生变化,故所记录的观测资料不能直接反映相对地表固定高度上的气象参数。为了使南极冰盖上AWS所获取的气象资料具有可靠性,在积累率对AWS观测气温影响的基础上,... 详细信息

随着冰盖表面雪的累积或消融,自动气象站(AWS)传感器相对地表的高度随之发生变化,故所记录的观测资料不能直接反映相对地表固定高度上的气象参数。为了使南极冰盖上AWS所获取的气象资料具有可靠性,在积累率对AWS观测气温影响的基础上,将东南极冰盖上中山站至DomeA断面3个AWS的连续观测气温修正到相对于雪表面的某一真实高度上。结果表明:(1)DomeA,Eagle和LGB69年平均1m气温分别为-53.19℃,-41.33℃和-26.29℃,年平均积累率分别为0.11m、0.30m和0.49m,对应的1m气温年平均修正量分别为0.34℃、0.29℃和0.35℃,2m和4m气温的年平均修正量均小于0.1℃;(2)积累率变化对离地表最近层次上的气温影响最大,越往上层影响越小;(3)气温的修正量大小与积累率并非成简单的正比关系,它与气温本身的季节变化特征以及局地近地表逆温强度有很大的关系。气温的平均修正量冬季为正,夏季修正量的正负由局地是否存在逆温决定,修正量值的大小主要由逆温强度和积累率决定。

关键词：积累率自动气象站(AWS) 南极冰盖气温修正

Models to predict injury, physical fitness failure and attrition in recruit training: a retrospective cohort study

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Military Medical Research 2020年第4期7卷 391-400页

作者： Robin M.Orr Bruce S.Cohen Stephen C.allison Lakmini Bulathsinhala Edward J.Zambraski mark Jaffrey Tactical Research Unit Bond University2 Promethean WayGold CoastRobinaQLD 4226Australia United States Army Research Institute for Environmental Medicine NatickMA 01760USA Defence Science and Technology Group Port MelbourneVIC 3207Australia

Background:Attrition rate in new army recruits is higher than in incumbent *** the current study,we identified the risk factors for attrition due to injuries and physical fitness failure in recruit training.A variety of predictive models were ***:This retrospective cohort included 19,769 Army soldiers of the Australian Defence Force receiving recruit training during a period from 2006 to *** them,7692 reserve soldiers received a 28-day training course,and the remaining 12,077 full-time soldiers received an 80-day training *** data included anthropometric measures,course-specific variables,injury,and physical fitness *** regression was used to develop a variety of models to predict the rate of attrition due to injuries and physical fitness *** area under the receiver operating characteristic curve was used to compare the performance of the ***:In the overall analysis that included both the 28-day and 80-day courses,the incidence of injury of any type was 27.8%.The 80-day course had a higher rate of injury if calculated per course(34.3%vs.17.6%in the 28-day course),but lower number of injuries per person-year(1.56 vs.2.29).Fitness test failure rate was significantly higher in the 28-day course(30.0%vs.12.1%).The overall attrition rate was 5.2%and 5.0%in the 28-day and 80-day courses,*** fracture was common in the 80-day course(n=44)and rare in the 28-day course(n=1).The areas under the receiver operating characteristic curves for the course-specific predictive models were relatively low(ranging from 0.51 to 0.69),consistent with"failed"to"poor"predictive *** course-combined models performed somewhat better than the course-specific models,with two models having AUC of 0.70 and 0.78,which are considered"fair"predictive ***:Attrition rate was similar between 28-day and 80-day *** comparison to the 80-day full course,the 28-day course had a lower rat

关键词： Military training Predictive modelling Risk management Soldier