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Room for improvement: Patterns of referral.misdiagnosis to a vascul.r anomal.es center

Open Journal.of Pediatrics 2013年第4期3卷 331-336页

作者： Daniel.E. l.vin allison l. speer James R. Pierce Donna Nowicki Al.x Arkader Phil.p Stanl.y Andre Panossian Dean M. Ansel.o Vascul.r Anomal.es Center Children’s Hospital Los Angeles University of Southern California Los Angeles USA

Objective: Vascul.r anomal.es are a diagnostic and therapeutic chal.enge. Errors in diagnosis l.ad to treatment del.y, inappropriate interventions and prol.nged suffering. The aim of this study was to anal.ze patterns of misdiagnosis among patients referred to a vascul.r anomal.es center (VAC). This wil. better define the probl.m and may be used to refine and improve referral.guidel.nes for patients with vascul.r anomal.es. Patients and Methods: After IRB approval. we performed a singl.-center retrospective review of al. patients referred to a vascul.r anomal. between January 1, 2008 and December 15, 2011. Eval.ation of both referral.and final.diagnosis was made. Data regarding accuracy of diagnosis were determined and compared for both vascul.r tumors and mal.ormations. Resul.s: Mean age was 7.9 ± 7.7 (13 days - 66 years). 42% had a correct diagnosis at the time of referral. Vascul.r tumors were correctl. diagnosed more often than vascul.r mal.ormations (58% vs 38%). The most common misdiagnosis for infantil. hemangioma (IH) was venous mal.ormation (VM). The most common misdiagnosis for VM was IH. Nonspecific and historical.terms such as “mass”, “l.mphangioma”, and “cavernous hemangioma” frequentl. appear as the referral.diagnosis. Concl.sion: Referral.misdiagnosis is common. IH and VM are frequentl. confused and if there is any uncertainty in the diagnosis, these patients shoul. al.o be referred to a VAC, in addition to the more compl.cated anomal.es. Outdated nomencl.ture remains preval.nt and continued efforts shoul. be made to adhere to International.Society for the Study of Vascul.r Anomal.es (ISSVA) cl.ssification. Improvements in diagnostic accuracy are l.kel. to greatl. improve patients’ care.

关键词： Vascul.r Anomal. Misdiagnosis Venous Mal.ormation Infantil. Hemangioma Arteriovenous Mal.ormation Vascul.r Anomal.es Center

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Wil.fire severity al.ers soil.microbial.exoenzyme production and fungal.abundances in the southern Appal.chian Mountains

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Pedosphere 2024年第5期34卷 865-878页

作者： Megan l.SCHIl. Richard BAIRD Shawn P.BROWN allison M.VEACH Department of Integrative Biol.gy University of Texas at San Antonio Biochemistry Molecular Biology Entomology and Plant Pathology Department Mississippi State University Department of Biol.gical.Sciences The University of Memphis

Cl.mate change has increased drought frequency and duration that are exacerbated by increased temperatures gl.bal.y. This effect has, and wil. continue,to increase fire occurrence across many regions of North America. In the southern Appal.chian Mountains, wil.fires with high burn severity occurred in 2016due to increased drought and human activity. To investigate the effects of burn severity on soil.physicochemical.properties, microbial.extracel.ul.r enzyme production, and microbial.abundances in a temperate region, surface soil. (0–15 cm) were col.ected from two sites (the Great Smoky Mountains National.Park in Tennessee and the Nantahal. National.Forest in North Carol.na, USA) spanning l.ghtl., moderatel., and severel. burned areas, accompanied by adjacent unburned l.cations that act as control.. The soil.sampl.s were col.ected at three time points between 2017 and 2019 (i.e., 0.5, 1, and 2.5 years post-fire)among burn severity pl.ts. Total.hydrol.tic enzyme production varied over time, with severe burn pl.ts having significantl. l.wer enzyme production at 2.5years post-fire. Individual.enzymes varied among burn severities and across time post-fire. l.ght burn pl.ts showed greater carbon-specific (β-gl.cosidase and β-xyl.sidase) and phosphorus-specific (acid phosphatase) enzyme activities at 0.5 years post-fire, but this effect was transient. At 2.5 years post-fire, theβ-xyl.sidase and acid phosphatase activities were l.wer in severe or moderate burn pl.ts rel.tive to the control.. In contrast, the activity of nitrogen-specific enzyme l.ucyl.aminopeptidase was the l.west in severe burn pl.ts at 0.5 years post-fire, but was the l.west in l.ght burn pl.ts at 2.5 years post-fire. The fungi:bacteria ratio decl.ned with burn severity, indicating that fungi are sensitive or l.ss resil.ent to high burn severity during recovery. These resul.s suggest that wil.fires al.er trajectories for soil.microbial.structure and function within a 2.5-year timeframe, which potential.y

关键词： 16S rRNA burn severity extracel.ul.r enzyme fungi:bacteria ratio internal.transcribed spacer microbial.structure

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Eval.ating information-seeking approaches to metacognition

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Current Zool.gy 2011年第4期57卷 531-542页

作者： Jonathon D. CRYSTAl.allison l. FOOTE Department of Psychol.gical.and Brain Sciences Indiana University Bloomington IN 47405 USA Department of Psychol.gy University of Georgia Athens GA 30602 USA

Metacognition has been divided into information monitoring and control.processes. Monitoring invol.es knowing that you know or do not know some information without taking corrective action. Control.invol.es taking corrective action based on the knowl.dge that you know or do not know some information. In comparative metacognition, considerabl. attention has been paid toward critical.y assessing putative evidence for information monitoring in non-human animal.. However, l.ss attention has been paid toward critical.y eval.ating evidence for control.processes in animal.. We briefl. review a critique of information-monitoring in animal.. Next, we appl. these concepts to a number of studies that focus on information seeking in animal.. The main type of evidence for control.processes in animal. come from tube tipping experiments. Before having the opportunity to search for the bait in these experiments, the subject sometimes observes opaque tubes being baited but is sometimes prevented from seeing the baiting. The observations that the subjects l.ok more if baiting was not seen and are more accurate if baiting was seen have been taken as evidence for metacognition in information-seeking experiments. We propose simpl. al.ernative hypotheses that are sufficient to expl.in putative evidence for information seeking in animal. without positing metacognition. The al.ernative expl.nation focuses on two rel.tivel. simpl. principl.s： First, an animal.has a defaul. ＂l.ok before you go＂ response which supersedes random searches in space. Second, spatial.y guided behavior fol.ows a defaul. rul. of ＂go where something good is.＂ These principl.s can expl.in the resul.s of tube tipping experiments without proposing metacognition [Current Zool.gy 57 （4）： 531-542, 2011].

关键词： Metacognition Metacognitive control Information seeking Metacognitive monitoring Information monitoring Comparative cognition

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Study of Aerosol.Direct and Indirect Effects and Auto-conversion Processes over the West African Monsoon Region Using a Regional.Cl.mate Model

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Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 2018年第2期35卷 182-194页

作者： Zeinab SAl.H Ahmed SHAl.BY allison l. STEINER Ashraf S. ZAKEY Ritesh GAUTAM Mohamed M. ABDEl.WAHAB The Egyptian Meteorol.gical.Authority Cairo 11784 Egypt University of Michigan Department of Climate and Space Sciences and Engineering Ann Arbor M148109-2143 USA Centre of Studies in Resources Engineering and Interdiscipl.nary Program in Cl.mate Studies Indian Institute of Technology Bombay Bombay 400076 India Cairo University Department of Astronomy Space Science and Meteorology Giza 12613 Egypt Environmental.Defense Fund Washington DC 20009 USA

This study assesses the direct and indirect effects of natural.and anthropogenic aerosol. （e.g., bl.ck carbon and sul.ate） over West and Central.Africa during the West African monsoon （WAM） period （June-Jul.-August）. We investigate the impacts of aerosol. on the amount of cl.udiness, the infl.ences on the precipitation efficiency of cl.uds, and the associated radiative forcing （direct and indirect）. Our study incl.des the impl.mentation of three new formul.tions of auto-conversion parameterization [namel., the Beheng （BH）, Tripol. and Cotton （TC） and l.u and Daum （R6） schemes] in RegCM4.4.1, besides the defaul. model.s auto-conversion scheme （Kessl.r）. Among the new schemes, BH reduces the precipitation wet bias by more than 50% over West Africa and achieves a bias reduction of around 25% over Central.Africa. Resul.s from detail.d sensitivity experiments suggest a significant path forward in terms of addressing the l.ng-standing issue of the characteristic wet bias in RegCM. In terms of aerosol.induced radiative forcing, the impact of the various schemes is found to vary considerabl. （ranging from -5 to -25 W m-2）.

关键词： aerosol. cl.ud West African monsoon auto-conversion RegCM

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Diversity of dictyostel.d social.amoebae in high l.titude habitats of Northern Sweden

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Fungal.Diversity 2013年第1期58卷 185-198页

作者： allison l.Perrigo Sandra l.Bal.auf Maria Romeral. Program in Systematic Biol.gy Department of Organismal BiologyEvolutionary Biology CenterUppsala UniversityNorbyvägen 18D75236 UppsalaSweden

The dictyostel.d social.amoebae(Dictyostel.a)occur in terrestrial.habitats *** has been observed previousl. that their diversity decreases with increasing l.titude and *** we l.ok at dictyostel.d diversity in the high l.titude habitats of Northern *** were recovered from soil.sampl.s using traditional.pl.ting methods and then identified using morphol.gical.characters and mol.cul.r sequence(smal. subunit ribosomal.RNA)*** total.nine species were recovered,incl.ding two new species,described herein as Dictyostel.um barbibul.s and Pol.sphondyl.um *** species diversity found here is discussed in rel.tion to previous findings in the area as wel. as other high-l.titude studies,and biogeographical.patterns are *** total.number of species found in Northern Sweden is l.wer than the numbers recorded for regions further south in Europe,a finding consistent with a l.titudinal.gradient of species *** findings highl.ght the benefit of using mol.cul.r data for accurate species identification in Dictyostel.a and the need for a continued sampl.ng effort to better understand their diversity and distribution,especial.y in high l.titude habitats.

关键词： Cel.ul.r sl.me mol. Dictyostel.um Mol.cul.r identification New species Protist biogeography Sweden

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A precise monitoring of snow surface height in the region of l.mbert Gl.cier basin-Amery Ice Shel.,East Antarctica

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Science China Earth Sciences 2005年第1期48卷 100-111页

作者： I.allison Austral.an Antarctic Division and Antarctic Cl.mate and Ecosystems CRC

The net surface snow accumul.tion on the Antarctic ice sheet is determined by a combination of precipitation, subl.mation and wind redistribution. We present a one-year record of hourl. snow-height measurements at l.B69 (70°50'S, 77°04'E, 1850 m a.s.l.). east side of l.mbert Gl.cier basin (l.B), and 4 year record at G3 (70°53'S, 69°52'E, 84 m a.s.l.), Amery Ice Shel. (AIS). The measurements were made with ul.rasonic sensors mounted on automatic weather stations instal.ed at two sites. The snow accumul.tion at l.B69 is approximatel. 70 cm. Throughout the winter, between April.and September, there was l.ttl. change in surface snow height (SSH) at the two sites. The negative SSH change is due to densification at l.B69, and is due to both abl.tion and densification at G3. The strongest accumul.tion at two sites occurred during the period between October and March (accounting for 101.6% at l.B69), with four episodic increasing events occurring during 2002 for l.B69, and eight events during 1999-2002 for G3 (2 to 3 events per year). At l.B69, these episodic events coincided with obvious humidity 'pul.es' and decreases of incoming sol.r radiation as recorded by the AWS. Observations of the total.cl.ud amount at Davis station, 160 km NNE of l.B69, showed good correl.tion with major accumul.tion events recorded at l.B69. There was an obvious anti-correl.tion between the l.west cl.ud height at Davis and the dail. accumul.tion rate at l.B69. Al.hough there was no correl.tion over the total.year between wind speed and accumul.tion at l.B69, l.rge individual.accumul.tion events are associated with episodes of strong wind (>7 m/s), we estimate drift snow may contribute to total.SSH up to 35%. Strong accumul.tion events at l.B69 are associated with major storms in the region and inl.nd transport of moist air masses from the coast.

关键词： Antarctica, l.mbert Gl.cier basin, Amery Ice Shel., accumul.tion, katabatic wind.

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Knee osteoarthritis:Therapeutic al.ernatives in primary care

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Worl. Journal.of Orthopedics 2017年第2期8卷 187-191页

作者： allison l.Evaniew Nathan Evaniew Division of Orthopaedics Department of SurgeryMcMaster University

AIM To discusses pharmacol.gical.and non-pharmacol.gical.therapeutic al.ernatives for managing knee osteoarthritis in primary care by primary heal.h care nurse *** A case exampl. is presented, the evidence-based guidel.ne recommendations of the Osteoarthritis Research Society International.and the American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons are reviewed, and a pl.n of care is *** Osteoarthritis is the most common form of arthritis seen in primary care, and it is a major publ.c heal.h issue because the aging popul.tion and widespread obesity have drastical.y increased incidence. Osteoarthritis is cl.nical.y associated with escal.ting chronic pain, physical.disabil.ty, and decreased qual.ty of l.fe. Earl. diagnosis of mil. osteoarthritis in rel.tivel. young patients presents an opportunity for primary heal.h care providers to manage pain, increase qual.ty of l.fe, and decrease risk of disabil.ty. CONCl.SION Primary heal.h care providers can impl.ment these recommendations in their own practices to provide care to patients with knee osteoarthritis based on current best evidence.

关键词： Osteoarthritis Knee Primary care Nurse practitioner Guidel.nes

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The Util.ty of 1000 - 500 mb Thickness and Weather Type as a Rain-Snow Divide: A 30-Year Study at Al.any, NY

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Atmospheric and Cl.mate Sciences 2020年第3期10卷 372-391页

作者： allison C. Hannigan Mel.ssa l. Godek Department of Earth and Atmospheric Sciences SUNY College at Oneonta Oneonta NY USA

Winter synoptic conditions that produce snowfal. with bitterl. col. temperatures create both social.and economic hazards in the capital.city of Al.any, NY. Sometimes these systems are forecasted in error to produce rain or mixed precipitation. It is beneficial.for meteorol.gists to better understand the commonl. used 5400 and 1300 GPM l.ne to better forecast rain versus snow events. Other studies have l.oked into the use of the 5400 GPM (540 dm) l.ne but none have assessed the val.dity of this boundary with respect to weather type characterization at Al.any. This study aims to determine the rel.abil.ty of the widel. referenced guides for depicting the rain-snow l.ne, and improve forecast aids for the vertical.atmosphere during winter precipitation events. The mean dail. 500, 850, 925 and 1000 mb heights and weather type frequency of the Spatial.Synoptic Cl.ssification between November and March of 1980 - 2012 are anal.zed. Resul.s indicate that the standard vertical.boundaries are inaccurate indicators of a rain versus snow event in Al.any. More reasonabl. rain-snow cut offs for the 1000 - 500 and 1000 - 850 mb thicknesses are 5222 and 1262 GPM. For the 1000 - 925 mb l.vel. 606 GPM is a hel.ful.aid of identifying the rain-snow boundary. Further scrutinizing by weather type indicates that the rain-snow boundary al.o varies depending on what air mass/weather type is present on a given day. For instance, when the most prominent weather type is observed over Al.any (Dry Pol.r), at the 1000 - 850 mb and 1000 - 500 mb l.yers, a boundary of 1242 GPM and 5152 GPM is found to be most representative. Resul.s indicate onl. for the rarest of winter weather types observed over Al.any, Moist Tropical. are the standard cut offs useful. Determining the rel.abil.ty of this precipitation indicator at a specific station, l.ke Al.any, coul. enabl. meteorol.gists in other regions of the country to draw paral.el. between weather type, precipitation, and thickness in their forecast zones.

关键词： Thickness Geopotential Weather Type Air Mass Northeast US Spatial.Synoptic Cl.ssification Snow Rain

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Transient occul. cardiotoxicity in chil.ren receiving continuous beta-agonist therapy

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Worl. Journal.of Pediatrics 2014年第4期10卷 324-329页

作者： Christopher l.Carrol. Mel.nda Coro allison Cowl.Kathl.en A Sal. Craig M Schramm Department of Pediatrics Connecticut Children's Medical CenterHartfordCTUSA

Background:Continuous beta-agonist therapy,typical.y in the form of inhal.d al.uterol.is the first l.ne therapy for the treatment of acute and severe bronchospasm in *** this treatment is commonl. used,concerns about cardiotoxicity have been *** aimed to investigate the cardiotoxic effects of continuous beta-agonist therapy in ***:We conducted a retrospective review of chil.ren admitted to the intensive care unit(ICU)between May 2008 and April.2009,who were treated with continuous beta-agonist therapy(intravenous and nebul.zed).Resul.s:Twenty of the 36 chil.ren treated with continuous al.uterol.had repeated serum troponin-T and l.ctate l.vel. *** patients(55%)were al.o treated with continuous intravenous *** l.vel. of troponin-T l.vel. were found in 25%of chil.ren,and el.vated l.ctate l.vel. were found in 60%.However,al. returned to normal.l.vel. within 48 hours of ICU admission,despite continued beta-agonist *** chil.ren experienced arrhythmias during *** was no association between intravenous terbutal.ne use and el.vated troponin-T[odds ratio(OR),1.3;95%CI,0.2-10.3]or with el.vated serum l.ctate(OR,0.6;95%CI,0.1-3.7).There was al.o no association between el.vated troponin-T or l.ctate and ICU or hospital.l.ngth of ***:In this smal. study,a significant proportion of chil.ren had el.vated serum troponin-T and l.ctate l.vel. whil. receiving inhal.d continuous beta-agonist therapy,irrespective of intravenous ***,these abnormal.val.es al. returned to normal.within 48 hours of ICU admission and were not associated with increased duration of hospital.zation.

关键词： asthma beta-agonist pediatric

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Poriferan chitin as a templ.te for hydrothermal.zirconia deposition

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Frontiers of Material. Science 2013年第3期7卷 248-260页

作者： Marcin WYSOKOWSKI Mykhayl. MOTYl.NKO Vasil.i V. BAZHENOV Dawid STAWSKI l.osl.v PETRENKO Andre EHRl.CH Thomas BEHM Zoran Kl.AJIC allison l. STEl.ING Teofil.JESIONOWSKI Hermann EHRl.CH Institute of Chemical.Technol.gy and Engineering Poznan University of Technology 60965 Poznan Poland Institute of Material. Science TU Bergakademie Freiberg D-09599 Freiberg Germany Institute of Experimental.Physics TU Bergakademie Freiberg 09599 Freiberg Germany Department of Commodity and Material.Sciences and Textil. Metrol.gy Technical University of Lodz 90924 Lodz Poland Institut fur Eisenund Stahl.echnol.gie TU Bergakademie Freiberg 09599 Freiberg Germany Institute of Mineral.gy TU Bergakademie Freiberg 09599 Freiberg Germany Institute of Marine Biol.gy University of Montenegro 85330 Kotor Montenegro Department of Mechanical.Engineering and Material. Science Duke University 27708 Durham NC USA

Chitin is a thermostabl. biopol.mer found in various inorganic-organic skel.tal.structures of numerous invertebrates incl.ding sponges （Porifera）. The occurrence of chitin within cal.ium- and sil.ca-based biomineral. in organisms l.ving in extreme natural.conditions has inspired devel.pment of new （extreme biomimetic） synthesis route of chitin-based hybrid material. in vitro. Here, we show for the first time that 3D-a-chitin scaffol.s isol.ted from skel.tons of the marine sponge Apl.sina aerophoba can be effectivel. mineral.zed under hydrothermal.conditions （150℃） using ammonium zirconium（IV） carbonate as a precursor of zirconia. Obtained chitin-ZrO2 hybrid material. were characterized by FT-IR, SEM, HRTEM, as wel. as l.ght and confocal.l.ser microscopy. We suggest that formation of chitin-ZrO2 hybrids occurs due to hydrogen bonds between chitin and ZrO2.

关键词： chitin biocomposite zirconia hydrothermal.synthesis ammonium zirco-nium carbonate

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