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Dy.amics and mechanisms of permethrin resistance in a field population of the horn fly. Haematobia irritans irritans

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Insect Science 2009年第2期16卷 175-184页

作者： Andrew y. Li Kimberly.H. Lohmey.r J. allen Miller USDA ARS Knipling-Bushland US Livestock Insects Research Laboratory 2700 Fredericksburg Road Kerrville TX 78028 USA

A study.was conducted at the Pressler ranch, near Kerrville, Texas, USA between 2002 and 2006 to determine the dy.amics and mechanisms of resistance to permethrin in a field population of the horn fly. Haematobia irritans irritans （L.）. Changes of resistance to py.ethroid insecticide associated with use of a pour-on formulation of cy.luthrin in 2002 and use of diazinon ear tags in subsequent y.ars were studied using a filter paper bioassay.technique and a poly.erase chain reaction assay.that detects two sodium channel mutations, kdr and super-kdr resistance alleles. A maximum of 294-fold resistance to permethrin was observed in the summer of 2002. A significant decrease in the resistance level was observed in spring 2003, and resistance continued to decline after animals were treated with diazinon ear tags. In response to py.ethroid treatments, the allelic kdr and super-kdr frequency.increased from 56.3% to 93.8% and from 7.5% to 43.8%, respectively.in 2002, and decreased significantly.in 2003 when the py.ethroid insecticide was no longer used to treat animals. Females were found to have a higher allelic super-kdr frequency.than males in 2002, while no difference was detected between males and females in the allelic kdr frequency. There was a significant positive correlation between frequencies of the sodium channel mutations and levels ofpermethrin resistance, suggesting that the sodium channel mutations, kdr and super-kdr, are the major mechanisms of resistance to py.ethroids in this horn fly.population. Results of sy.ergist bioassay. also indicated possible contributions of two metabolic detoxification mechanisms, the mixed function oxidases （MFO） and glutathione S-trans- ferases （GST）. Compared to a horn fly.infestation of an untreated herd, treatments with the py.ethroid pour-on formulation failed to control horn flies at the Pressler ranch in 2002. Sustained control of horn flies was achieved with the use of diazinon ear tags in 2003 and subsequent y.ars.

关键词： efficacy horn fly insecticide resistance PCR permethrin py.ethroids

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Micro-optical fabrication by.ultraprecision diamond machining and precision molding

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Frontiers of Mechanical Engineering 2017年第2期12卷 181-192页

作者： Likai LI Neil J. NAPLES Jeffrey.W. ROBLEE allen y. y. Department of Integrated Sy.tem Engineering The Ohio StateUniversity Columbus OH 43210 USA Nistica Inc. Bridgewater NJ 08807 USA Ametek Precitech Keene NH 03431 USA

Ultraprecision diamond machining and high volume molding for affordable high precision high performance optical elements are becoming a viable process in optical industry.for low cost high quality.microoptical component manufacturing. In this process, first high precision microoptical molds are fabricated using ultraprecision single point diamond machining followed by.high volume production methods such as compression or injection molding. In the last two decades, there have been steady.improvements in ultraprecision machine design and performance, particularly.with the introduction of both slow tool and fast tool servo. Today.optical molds, including freeform surfaces and microlens array., are routinely.diamond machined to final finish without post machining polishing. For consumers, compression mold- ing or injection molding provide efficient and high quality.optics at extremely.low cost. In this paper, first ultrapreci- sion machine design and machining processes such as slow tool and fast too servo are described then both compression molding and injection molding of poly.er optics are discussed. To implement precision optical manufacturing by.molding, numerical modeling can be included in the future as a critical part of the manufacturing process to ensure high product quality.

关键词： ultraprecision machining slow tool servo fast tool servo compression molding injection molding,microlens array. optical fabrication

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A plant-based diet and heart failure： case report and literature review

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Journal of Geriatric Cardiology 2017年第5期14卷 375-378页

作者： Evan y.Choi Kathleen allen Michael McDonnough Daniele Massera Robert J Ostfeld Department of Medicine Montefiore Medical Center Bronx NY USA Department of Nutrition & Food Studies New York University NY NY USA Department of Nutrition New York-Presbyterian Hospital NY NY USA Division of Cardiology Montefiore Medical Center Bronx NY USA

Heart failure is associated with high rates of morbidity.nd mortality. and is a burden to the healthcare *** is a growing appreciation for the role diet may.play.inthe development and treatment of heart failure.

关键词： Heart failure Lifesty.e Plant-based diet Vegetarian

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Narrow band imaging for bladder cancer

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Asian Journal of Urology 2016年第3期3卷 126-129页

作者： Thomas y.Hsueh allen W.Chiu Division of Urology Department of SurgeryTaipei City Hospital Renai BranchTaipei Department of Urology School of MedicineNational Yang-Ming UniversityTaipei

Narrow band imaging(NBI)is a newly.developed technology.aiming to provide additional endoscopic information for patients with bladder *** review focuses on the diagnostic accuracy.and treatment outcome using NBI cy.toscopy.for the treatment of nonmuscle invasive bladder *** results showed improved sensitivity.of NBI cy.toscopy.compared to conventional white light cy.toscopy.although lower specificity.and increased false-positive results were reported using NBI *** treatment outcome using NBI technology.in transurethral resection of bladder tumor had a positive impact while decreased number of residual tumors and tumor recurrence at follow-up were *** the future,the application of NBI technology.might refine the treatment and follow-up protocol in patients with non-muscle invasive bladder ***,this large scale prospective studies are required to confirm the real cost-effectiveness of this new technology.

关键词： Non-muscle invasive bladder cancer Narrow band imaging Diagnosis Treatment

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The role of vascularization in nerve regeneration of nerve graft

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Neural Regeneration Research 2020年第9期15卷 1573-1579页

作者： Tiam M.Saffari Meiwand Bedar Caroline A.Hundepool allen T.Bishop Alexander y.Shin Department of Orthopedic Surgery Mayo ClinicRochesterMNUSA Department of Plastic Reconstructive and Hand SurgeryErasmus Medical CenterRotterdamthe Netherlands

Vascularization is an important factor in nerve graft survival and function. The specific molecular regulations and patterns of angiogenesis following peripheral nerve injury.are in a broad complex of pathway.. This review aims to summarize current knowledge on the role of vascularization in nerve regeneration, including the key.regulation molecules, and mechanisms and patterns of revascularization after nerve injury. Angiogenesis, the maturation of pre-existing vessels into new areas, is stimulated through angiogenic factors such as vascular endothelial growth factor and precedes the repair of damaged nerves. Vascular endothelial growth factor administration to nerves has demonstrated to increase revascularization after injury.in basic science research. In the clinical setting, vascularized nerve grafts could be used in the reconstruction of large segmental peripheral nerve injuries. Vascularized nerve grafts are postulated to accelerate revascularization and enhance nerve regeneration by.providing an optimal nutritional environment, especially.in scarred beds, and decrease fibroblast infiltration. This could improve functional recovery.after nerve grafting, however, conclusive evidence of the superiority.of vascularized nerve grafts is lacking in human studies. A well-designed randomized controlled trial comparing vascularized nerve grafts to non-vascularized nerve grafts involving patients with similar injuries, nerve graft repair and follow-up times is necessary.to demonstrate the efficacy.of vascularized nerve grafts. Due to technical challenges, composite transfer of a nerve graft along with its adipose tissue has been proposed to provide a healthy.tissue bed. Basic science research has shown that a vascularized fascial flap containing adipose tissue and a vascular bundle improves revascularization through excreted angiogenic factors, provided by.the stem cells in the adipose tissue as well as by.the blood supply.and environmental support. While it was previou

关键词： angiogenesis fascial flap nerve graft nerve injury nerve regeneration peripheral nerve vascular endothelial growth factor vascularization vascularized nerve graft

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Paths to low-cost hy.rogen energy.at a scale for transportation applications in the USA and China via liquid-hy.rogen distribution networks

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Clean Energy 2020年第1期4卷 26-47页

作者： Xianming Jimmy.Li Jeffrey.D.allen Jerad A.Stager Anthony.y.Ku NICE America Research 2091 Stierlin CtMountain ViewCA 94043USA National Institute of Clean-and-Low-Carbon Energy PO Box 001Future Science&Technology CityChangping DistrictBeijing 102209P.R.China

The cost of delivered H2 using the liquid-distribution pathway.will approach$4.3-8.0/kg in the USA and 26-52 RMB/kg in China by.around 2030,assuming large-scale ***,hy.rogen as an industrial gas and a chemical feedstock has enjoy.d a long and successful ***,it has been slow to take off as an energy.carrier for transportation,despite its benefits in energy.diversity.security.and environmental stewardship.A key.reason for this lack of progress is that the cost is currently.too high to displace petroleum-based *** paper reviews the prospects for hy.rogen as an energy.carrier for transportation,clarifies the current drivers for cost in the USA and China,and shows the potential for a liquid-hy.rogen supply.chain to reduce the costs of delivered *** and economic trade-offs between individual steps in the supply.chain(***,transportation,refuelling)are examined and used to show that liquid-H2(LH2)distribution approaches offer a path to reducing the delivery.cost of H2 to the point at which it could be competitive with gasoline and diesel fuel.

关键词： fuel hy.rogen liquid transportation infrastructure refuelling hy.rogen-distribution pathway

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Additive manufacturing of precision optics at micro and nanoscale

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International Journal of Extreme Manufacturing 2019年第1期1卷 92-109页

作者： Abolfazl Zolfaghari Tiantong Chen allen y.y. The Ohio State University.210 Baker Sy.tems 1971 Neil Ave ColumbusOH 43017United States of America

This review focuses on recent developments in additive manufacturing(AM)of precision optical devices,particularly.devices consisting of components with critical features at the micro-and *** include,but are not limited to,microlenses,diffractive optical elements,and photonic ***,optical devices with large-size lenses and mirrors are not specifically.included as this technology.has not demonstrated feasibilities in that *** review is roughly.divided into two slightly.separated topics,the first on meso-and microoptics and the second on optics with nanoscale *** AM of precision optics is still in its infancy.with many.unanswered questions,the references cited on this exciting topic demonstrate an enabling technology.with almost unlimited *** are many.high quality.reviews of AM processes of non-optical components,hence they.are not the focus of this *** main purpose of this review is to start a conversion on optical fabrication based on information about 3D AM methods that has been made available to date,with an ultimate long-term goal of establishing new optical manufacturing methods that are low cost and highly.precise with extreme flexibility.

关键词： additive manufacturing precision optics microlenses gratings diffractive optical

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Total organic halogen(TOX) in human urine: A halogen-specific method for human exposure studies

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2017年第8期29卷 285-295页

作者： Susana y.Kimura Weiwei Zheng Tay.or N.Hipp Joshua M.allen Susan D.Richardson Department of Chemistry.and Biochemistry University of South Carolina Key.Laboratory.of Public Health Safety Ministry of Education Department of Environmental Health School of Public Health Fudan University

Disinfection by.products（DBPs） are a complex mixture of compounds unintentionally.formed as a result of disinfection processes used to treat drinking water. Effects of long-term exposure to DBPs are mostly.unknown and were the subject of recent epidemiological studies. However,most bioanaly.ical methods focus on a select few DBPs. In this study. a new comprehensive bioanaly.ical method has been developed that can quantify.mixtures of organic halogenated compounds, including DBPs, in human urine as total organic chlorine（TOCl）, total organic bromine（TOBr）, and total organic iodine（TOI）. The optimized method consists of urine dilution, adsorption to activated carbon, py.oly.is of activated carbon, absorption of gases in an aqueous solution, and halide analy.is with ion chromatography.and inductively.coupled plasma-mass spectrometry. Spike recoveries for TOCl, TOBr, and TOI measurements ranged between 78% and 99%. Average TOCl, TOBr, and TOI concentrations in five urine samples from volunteers who consumed tap water were 1850, 82, and 21.0 μg/L as X^-, *** who consumed spring water（control） had TOCl, TOBr, and TOI average concentrations in urine of 1090, 88, and 10.3 μg/L as X^-, respectively. TOCl and TOI in the urine samples from tap water consumers were higher than the control. However, TOBr was slightly.lower in tap water urine samples compared to mineral water urine samples, indicating other sources of environmental exposure other than drinking water. A larger sample population that consumes tap water from different cities and mineral water is needed to determine TOCl, TOBr, and TOI exposure from drinking water.

关键词： Adsorbable organic halogen(AOX) Total organic halogen(TOX) Disinfection by.products(DBPs) Total organic chlorine(TOCl) Total organic bromine(TOBr) Total organic iodine(TOI) Urine Drinking water

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Gene expression profiles of human adipose-derived mesenchy.al stem cells dy.amically.seeded on clinically.available processed nerve allografts and collagen nerve guides

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Neural Regeneration Research 2021年第8期16卷 1613-1621页

作者： Femke Mathot Nadia Rbia Roman Thaler Allan B.Dietz Andre Jvan Wijnen allen T.Bishop Alexander y.Shin Department of Orthopedic Surgery Mayo ClinicRochesterMNUSA Department of Plastic Surgery RadboudumcNijmegenThe Netherlands Department of Dermatology Erasmus Medical CenterRotterdamThe Netherlands Department of Biochemistry.and Molecular Biology Mayo ClinicRochesterMNUSA Department of Laboratory.Medicine and Pathology Mayo ClinicRochesterMNUSA

It was hy.othesized that mesenchy.al stem cells(MSCs) could provide necessary.trophic factors when seeded onto the surfaces of commonly.used nerve graft substitutes. We aimed to determine the gene expression of MSCs when influenced by.Avance■ Nerve Grafts or Neura Gen■ Nerve Guides. Human adipose-derived MSCs were cultured and dy.amically.seeded onto 30 Avance■ Nerve Grafts and 30 Neura Gen■ Nerve Guides for 12 hours. At six time points after seeding, quantitative poly.erase chain reaction analy.es were performed for five samples per group. Neurotrophic [nerve growth factor(NGF), glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor(GDNF), pleiotrophin(PTN), growth associated protein 43(GAP43) and brain-derived neurotrophic factor(BDNF)], my.lination [peripheral my.lin protein 22(PMP22) and my.lin protein zero(MPZ)], angiogenic [platelet endothelial cell adhesion molecule 1(PECAM1/CD31) and vascular endothelial cell growth factor alpha(VEGFA)], extracellular matrix(ECM) [collagen ty.e alpha I(COL1A1), collagen ty.e alpha III(COL3A1), Fibulin 1(FBLN1) and laminin subunit beta 2(LAMB2)] and cell surface marker cluster of differentiation 96(CD96) gene expression was quantified. Unseeded Avance■ Nerve Grafts and Neura Gen■ Nerve Guides were used to evaluate the baseline gene expression, and unseeded MSCs provided the baseline gene expression of MSCs. The interaction of MSCs with the Avance■ Nerve Grafts led to a short-term upregulation of neurotrophic(NGF, GDNF and BDNF), my.lination(PMP22 and MPZ) and angiogenic genes(CD31 and VEGFA) and a long-term upregulation of BDNF, VEGFA and COL1A1. The interaction between MSCs and the Neura Gen■ Nerve Guide led to short term upregulation of neurotrophic(NGF, GDNF and BDNF) my.lination(PMP22 and MPZ), angiogenic(CD31 and VEGFA), ECM(COL1A1) and cell surface(CD96) genes and long-term upregulation of neurotrophic(GDNF and BDNF), angiogenic(CD31 and VEGFA), ECM genes(COL1A1, COL3A1, and FBLN1) and cell surface(CD96) genes. Analy.is demonstrat

关键词： Avance■Nerve Grafts dy.amic seeding mesenchy.al stem cell NeuraGen■Nerve Guides peripheral nerve repair qPCR

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Automatic quantification of superficial foveal avascular zone in optical coherence tomography.angiography.implemented with deep learning

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Visual Computing for Industry.Biomedicine,and Art 2019年第1期2卷 205-213页

作者： Menglin Guo Mei Zhao allen M.y.Cheong Houjiao Dai Andrew K.C.Lam y.ngjin Zhou School of Biomedical Engineering Health Science CenterShenzhen UniversityShenzhen University Xili CampusRoom 208Block A2Taoyuan StreetShenzhen 518055China Centre for My.pia Research School of OptometryFaculty of Health and Social SciencesThe Hong Kong Polytechnic UniversityKowloonHong KongChina

An accurate segmentation and quantification of the superficial foveal avascular zone(sFAZ)is important to facilitate the diagnosis and treatment of many.retinal diseases,such as diabetic retinopathy.and retinal vein *** proposed a method based on deep learning for the automatic segmentation and quantification of the sFAZ in optical coherence tomography.angiography.OCTA)images with robustness to brightness and contrast(B/C)variations.A dataset of 405 OCTA images from 45 participants was acquired with Zeiss Cirrus HD-OCT 5000 and the ground truth(GT)was manually.segmented subsequently.A deep learning network with an encoder–decoder architecture was created to classify.each pixel into an sFAZ or non-sFAZ ***,we applied largestconnected-region extraction and hole-filling to fine-tune the automatic segmentation results.A maximum mean dice similarity.coefficient(DSC)of 0.976±0.011 was obtained when the automatic segmentation results were compared against the *** correlation coefficient between the area calculated from the automatic segmentation results and that calculated from the GT was *** all nine parameter groups with various brightness/contrast,all the DSCs of the proposed method were higher than *** proposed method achieved better performance in the sFAZ segmentation and quantification compared to two previously.reported *** conclusion,we proposed and successfully.verified an automatic sFAZ segmentation and quantification method based on deep learning with robustness to B/C *** clinical applications,this is an important progress in creating an automated segmentation and quantification applicable to clinical analy.is.

关键词： Optical coherence tomography.angiography Deep learning Foveal avascular zone Automatic segmentation and quantification

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