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Application of artifcial intelligence in cataract management:current and future directions

Eye and Vision 2024年第1期10卷 21-30页

作者： Laura Gutierrez Jane Sujuan Lim Li Lian Foo Wei Yan Ng Michelle Yip Gilbert Yong San Lim Melissa Hsing Yi Wong allan Fong Mohamad Rosman Jodhbir Singth Mehta Haotian Lin Darren Shu Jeng Ting Daniel Shu Wei Ting Singapore Eye Research Institute SingaporeSingapore Singapore National Eye Center 11 Third Hospital AvenueSingapore 168751Singapore Academic Ophthalmology School of MedicineUniversity of NottinghamNottinghamUK Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center Sun Yet Sen UniversityGuangzhouChina

The rise of artifcial intelligence(AI)has brought breakthroughs in many areas of *** ophthalmology,AI has delivered robust results in the screening and detection of diabetic retinopathy,age-related macular degeneration,glaucoma,and retinopathy of *** management is another feld that can beneft from greater AI *** is the leading cause of reversible visual impairment with a rising global clinical *** diagnosis,monitoring,and surgical management are necessary to address this *** addition,patients in large developing countries often sufer from limited access to tertiary care,a problem further exacerbated by the ongoing COVID-19 *** on the other hand,can help transform cataract management by improving automation,efcacy and overcoming geographical ***,AI can be applied as a telediagnostic platform to screen and diagnose patients with cataract using slit-lamp and fundus *** utilizes a deep-learning,convolutional neural network(CNN)to detect and classify referable cataracts ***,some of the latest intraocular lens formulas have used AI to enhance prediction accuracy,achieving superior postoperative refractive results compared to traditional ***,AI can be used to augment cataract surgical skill training by identifying diferent phases of cataract surgery on video and to optimize operating theater workfows by accurately predicting the duration of surgical ***,some AI CNN models are able to efectively predict the progression of posterior capsule opacifcation and eventual need for YAG laser *** advances in AI could transform cataract management and enable delivery of efcient ophthalmic *** key challenges include ethical management of data,ensuring data security and privacy,demonstrating clinically acceptable performance,improving the generalizability of AI models across heterogeneous populations,and improving the trust of e

关键词： Artifcial intelligence Telemedicine Cataract Cataract screening Cataract surgery IOL calculations Biometry Machine learning

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生物标志物在鼻咽癌早期检测中的研究进展（英文）

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Science Bulletin 2024年第2期 141-145页

作者：郑小辉 allan Hildesheim 贾卫华 State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Cancer Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center Costa Rican Agency for Biomedical Investigation INCIENSA Foundation

Nasopharyngeal carcinoma(NPC), a highly invasive and metastatic cancer, is widely prevalent in South China, Southeast Asia,and North Africa. NPC patients with stages Ⅰ and Ⅱ are often asymptomatic. Therefore, NPC patients are usually diagnosed with advanced-stage(stages Ⅲ and Ⅳ) at their first visit. Detection of NPC at early stage is the key to improve the survival of patients.

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Telematics as a Transformative Agent for the Zimbabwean Auto Insurance Ecosystem

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Journal of Computer and Communications 2024年第7期12卷 39-58页

作者： Prosper Tafadzwa Denhere Joyce Denhere Gracious Mutipforo Chipo Katsande allan Muzenda Nelson Matanana Gibson Muridzi Department of Computer Science and Information Systems Manicaland State University of Applied Sciences Mutare Zimbabwe Department of Risk Advisory Manicaland State University of Applied Sciences Mutare Zimbabwe Department of Business Sciences Manicaland State University of Applied Sciences Mutare Zimbabwe

Zimbabwe has witnessed the evolution of Information Communication Technology (ICT). The vehicle population soared to above 1.2 million hence rendering the Transport and Insurance domains complex. Therefore, there is a need to look at ways that can augment conventional Vehicular Management Information Systems (VMIS) in transforming business processes through Telematics. This paper aims to contextualise the role that telematics can play in transforming the Insurance Ecosystem in Zimbabwe. The main objective was to investigate the integration of Usage-Based Insurance (UBI) with vehicle tracking solutions provided by technology companies like Econet Wireless in Zimbabwe, aiming to align customer billing with individual risk profiles and enhance the synergy between technology and insurance service providers in the motor insurance ecosystem. A triangulation through structured interviews, questionnaires, and literature review, supported by Information Systems Analysis and Design techniques was conducted. The study adopted a case study approach, qualitatively analyzing the complexities of the Telematics insurance ecosystem in Zimbabwe, informed by the TOGAF framework. A case-study approach was applied to derive themes whilst applying within and cross-case analysis. Data was collected using questionnaires, and interviews. The findings of the research clearly show the importance of Telematics in modern-day insurance and the positive relationship between technology and insurance business performance. The study, therefore revealed how UBI can incentivize positive driver behavior, potentially reducing insurance premiums for safe drivers and lowering the incidence of claims against insurance companies. Future work can be done on studying the role of Telematics in combating highway crime and corruption.

关键词： Telematics Vehicle Tracking Systems Usage Based Insurance Digital Insurance Vehicle Management Information Systems Intelligent Transportation Systems

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Agronomic Performance, Stability Analysis and Evaluation of Anthracnose Disease Resistance of Common Bean Lines Derived by Marker-Assisted Backcrossing in Uganda

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Agricultural Sciences 2024年第3期15卷 376-397页

作者： Stanley T. Nkalubo Annet Namayanja Annet Namusoke Jane Mukabaranga Nampijja Shakirah allan Nkuboye Paul Gepts Wakjira Tesfahun Jebesa National Crops Resources Research Institute (NaCRRI) Namulonge Kampala Uganda Department of Plant Sciences/MS1 University of California Davis CA USA Department of Plant Science and Horticulture College of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine Jimma University Jimma Ethiopia

The present study focused on evaluating the agronomic performance, stability, and anthracnose resistance of common bean lines derived through Marker-Assisted Backcrossing in Uganda. Eight marker-assisted selection (MAS) backcross-derived bush bean lines with red seed types, alongside two checks, were evaluated in a randomized complete block design replicated two times in five locations for three consecutive crop-growing seasons in 2021 and 2022. The study aimed to identify lines with both high stable yields and enhanced resistance to anthracnose disease for potential release and utilization in future bean varietal development in Uganda. Agronomic traits, including days to 50% flowering, days to 90% physiological maturity, seed yield, seed yield components, and anthracnose disease reaction under natural infestation were assessed. The response to anthracnose disease was further assessed using six isolates of Colletotrichum lindemuthianum representing six different races. Results indicated that the agronomic performances of the MAS backcross-derived bush bean lines were statistically comparable to the recurrent parent NABE14. Specifically, six lines exhibited statistically equal to or higher performance than NABE14 in terms of seed yield, total number of seeds and number of pods per plant. The combined analysis of variance for seed yield showed significant (p Co-42 and Co-5 anthracnose resistance genes in the derived line. In conclusion, UGKT-B157-4, identified as the best-performing and stable genotype, demonstrates promise for release and use in future bean varietal development in Uganda, offering a combination of high yields and enhanced anthracnose disease resistance. The study provides valuable insights into the potential of Marker-Assisted Backcrossing in improving common bean varieties in the region.

关键词： Colletotrichum lindemuthianum Genotype by Environment Interaction GGE Biplot MAS

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阴阳理论之前的“阴”和“阳”——以郭店简、清华简相关文献为例

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出土文献 2024年第2期 155-167,174页

作者：艾兰陈鹏宇(译) 达特茅斯学院故宫博物院器物部

学界一般认为,阴阳二元理论直到公元前3世纪才出现。郭店一号墓竹简和清华简的埋藏年代都在公元前300年左右,可以作为验证这一观点的理想材料。本文考察了这些文献中“阴”和“阳”的含义,认为这些例证或用本义,或直接表示自然形象,或... 详细信息

学界一般认为,阴阳二元理论直到公元前3世纪才出现。郭店一号墓竹简和清华简的埋藏年代都在公元前300年左右,可以作为验证这一观点的理想材料。本文考察了这些文献中“阴”和“阳”的含义,认为这些例证或用本义,或直接表示自然形象,或表示相关隐喻。由此证明,在公元前3世纪之前,“阴”和“阳”并不表示二元理论。本文还注意到,这些材料中,阴、阳对自然形象的隐喻决定了后世理论的发展轨迹,在这些隐喻的基础上互补的二元论体系得以形成。

关键词：阴阳气郭店楚简清华简

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Forty hours with a traumatic carotid transection： A diagnostic caveat and review of the contemporary management of penetrating neck trauma

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Chinese Journal of Traumatology 2018年第2期21卷 118-121页

作者： Eugene Ng Ian Campbell Andrew Choong allan Kruger Philip J. walker Department of Vascular Surgery Royal Brisbane & Women's Hospital Herston QLD 4006 Brisbane Australia

Although penetrating neck trauma （PNT） is uncommon, it is associated with the significant morbidity and mortality. The management of PNT has changed significantly over the past 50 years. A radiological assessment now is a vital part of the management with a traditional surgical exploration. A 22 years old male was assaulted by a screwdriver and sustained multiple penetrating neck injuries. A contrast CT scan revealed a focal pseudoaneurysm in the left common carotid artery bulb. There was no active bleeding or any other vascular injuries and the patient remained haemodynamically stable. In view of these findings, he was initially managed conservatively without an open surgical exploration. However, the patient was noted to have an acute drop in his hemoglobin count overnight post injury and the catheter directed angiography showed active bleeding from the pseudoaneurysm. Surgical exploration 40 hours following the initial injury revealed a penetrating injury through both arterial walls of the left carotid bulb which was repaired with a great saphenous vein patch. A percutaneous drain was inserted in the carotid tri- angle and a course of intravenous antibiotics for five days was commenced. The patient recovered well with no complications and remained asymptomatic at five months followup.

关键词： Penetrating neck trauma Management penetrating neck trauma Investigation penetrating neck trauma Assessment penetrating neck trauma

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Treating amyotrophic lateral sclerosis with allogeneic Schwann cell-derived exosomal vesicles: a case report

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第4期20卷 1207-1216页

作者： Pascal J.Goldschmidt-Clermont Aisha Khan George Jimsheleishvili Patricia Graham Adriana Brooks Risset Silvera Alexander J.P.Goldschmidt Damien D.Pearse W.Dalton Dietrich allan D.Levi James D.Guest Miller School of Medicine University of MiamiMiamiFLUSA Stem Cell Institute Miller School of MedicineUniversity of MiamiMiamiFLUSA The Miami Project to Cure Paralysis Miller School of MedicineUniversity of MiamiMiamiFLUSA Alzady International LLC MiamiFLUSA Neurological Surgery Miller School of MedicineUniversity of MiamiMiamiFLUSA

Schwann cells are essential for the maintenance and function of motor neurons,axonal networks,and the neuromuscular *** amyotrophic lateral sclerosis,where motor neuron function is progressively lost,Schwann cell function may also be ***,important signaling and potential trophic activities of Schwann cell-derived exosomal vesicles have been *** case report describes the treatment of a patient with advanced amyotrophic lateral sclerosis using serial intravenous infusions of allogeneic Schwann cell-derived exosomal vesicles,marking,to our knowledge,the first instance of such *** 81-year-old male patient presented with a 1.5-year history of rapidly progressive amyotrophic lateral *** initial diagnosis,the patient underwent a combination of generic riluzole,sodium phenylbutyrate for the treatment of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis,and *** patient volunteered to participate in an FDA-approved single-patient expanded access treatment and received weekly intravenous infusions of allogeneic Schwann cell-derived exosomal vesicles to potentially restore impaired Schwann cell and motor neuron *** confirmed that cultured Schwann cells obtained from the amyotrophic lateral sclerosis patient via sural nerve biopsy appeared impaired(senescent)and that exposure of the patient’s Schwann cells to allogeneic Schwann cell-derived exosomal vesicles,cultured expanded from a cadaver donor improved their growth capacity in *** a period of observation lasting 10 weeks,during which amyotrophic lateral sclerosis Functional Rating Scale-Revised and pulmonary function were regularly monitored,the patient received weekly consecutive infusions of 1.54×1012(×2),and then consecutive infusions of 7.5×1012(×6)allogeneic Schwann cell-derived exosomal vesicles diluted in 40 mL of Dulbecco’s phosphate-buffered *** of the infusions were associated with adverse events such as infusion reactions(allergic or otherwise)or

关键词： allogeneic amyotrophic lateral sclerosis exosomes infusion neuromuscular junction Schwann cell

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Sex steroids and glucose metabolism

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2014年第2期16卷 232-238,I0008页

作者： Carolyn A allan Prince Henry's Institute Clayton Australia Monash Health Clayton Australia Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology Monash University Clayton Australia Andrology Australia c/o School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine Monash University Prahran Australia

Testosterone levels are lower in men with metabolic syndrome and type 2 diabetes mellitus （T2DM） and also predict the onset of these adverse metabolic states. Body composition （body mass index, waist circumference） is an important mediator of this relationship. Sex hormone binding globulin is also inversely associated with insulin resistance and T2DM but the data regarding estrogen are inconsistent. Clinical models of androgen deficiency including Klinefelter＇s syndrome and androgen deprivation therapy in the treatment of advanced prostate cancer confirm the association between androgens and glucose status. Experimental manipulation of the insulin/ glucose milieu and suppression of endogenous testicular function suggests the relationship between androgens and insulin sensitivity is bidirectional. Androgen therapy in men without diabetes is not able to differentiate the effect on insulin resistance from that on fat mass, in particular visceral adiposity. Similarly, several small clinical studies have examined the efficacy of exogenous testosterone in men with T2DM, however, the role of androgens, independent of body composition, in modifying insulin resistance is uncertain.

关键词： androgen glucose metabolism sex steroids testosterone

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SURFACE MODIFICATION OF POLYMERS

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Chinese Journal of Polymer Science 1995年第3期13卷 195-203页

作者： allan S.Hoffman Center for Bioengineering FL-20 University of WashingtonSeattle WA 98195 USA

The principal objectives and methods of surface modification of polymers are reviewed inthis paper. The methods covered include physical, chemical, mechanical and biological.

关键词： Surface modification Polymers Biomolecules

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Commentary: Endogenous glucocorticoids control host resistance to viral infection through tissue-specific regulation of PD-1 expression on NK cells

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Cellular & Molecular Immunology 2019年第3期16卷 203-204页

作者： allan Randrup Thomsen Department of Immunology and Microbiology University of CopenhagenCopenhagenDenmark

The key purpose of the immune system is to protect the host from infectious ***,it has long been known that the induced host response in many cases represents a double-edged sword,and proper regulation of the magnitude and the temporal and spatial context of this response is critical to avoid immunemediated bystander tissue damage.A classical model of such damage is intracerebral infection of immunocompetent mice with the noncytolytic arenavirus lymphocytic choriomeningitis *** T-cell-deficient mice suffer little or no disease following infection by any route,immunocompetent mice succumb to Tcell-mediated lethal meningitis.1,2 Peripheral infection of such immunocompetent mice is associated with limited disease,and the same type of effector T cells that cause lethal disease are also central in controlling viral infection in organs.

关键词： infection damage organs

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