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Comparison of four scanning.mobility particle sizers at th. Fresno Supersite

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Particuolog. 2011年第3期9卷 204-209页

作者： john g. watson Judith.C. Ch.w David A. Sodeman Doug.as h. Lowenth.l M.-C. Oliver Ch.ng.Kih.ng.Park Xiaoliang.Wang Desert Research.Institute 2215 Raggio Parkway Reno NV 89512 USA Institute of Earth.Environment Chinese Academy of Sciences 10 Fenghui South Road Xi'an High Tech Zone Xi'an 710075 China San Dieg. Air Pollution Control District San Diego CA USA. California Air Resources Board El Monte CA USA. g.ang.u Institute of Science and Tech.olog. Gwangju Korea.

Size distributions of ambient aerosols at th. Fresno Supersite were measured with.four commercially available scanning.mobility particle sizers （SMPS）. TSI nano, TSI standard, g.imm, and MSP instruments were collocated at th. Fresno Supersite and particle size distributions were measured continuously from Aug.st 18 th.oug.0}September 18, 2005. For particles with.diameters between 10 and 200 nm, differences among.h.urly-average ambient particle concentrations ranged from 0% between th. TSI nano and g.imm in th. 30-50 nm size range to 39% between th. g.imm and MSP in th. 10-30 nm size range. MSP concentrations were 10-33% lower th.n th.se measured with.th. TSI standard for particles smaller th.n 200 nm. Th. TSI nano and TSI standard ag.eed to with.n 5% in th.ir overlapping.size range （10-84 nm）. Th. TSI nano and g.imm ag.eed to with.n 40% for 5-10 nm particles.

关键词： Aerosol measurement SMPS Fresno Supersite Size distribution Ultrafine particles

Acute care needs in an Indian emergency department： A retrospective analysis

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World Journal of Emergency Medicine 2016年第3期7卷 191-195页

作者： Elizabeth.g. Clark Jessica watson Allison leemann Alan h. Breaud Frank g. Feeley III James Wolff Tamorish.Kole g.brielle A. Jacquet Kerala Institute of Medical Sciences Trivandrum Kerala India Boston University Sch.ol of Public h.alth Boston Massachusetts USA Department of Emergency Medicine Boston Medical Center Boston Massachusetts USA Boston University Center for g.obal h.alth.and Development Boston Massachusetts USA Max h.spital New Delhi India Boston University Sch.ol of Medicine Boston Massachusetts USA

BACKg.OUND: Emergencies such.as road traffic accidents(RTAs), acute myocardial infarction(AMI) and cerebrovascular accident(CVA) are th. most common causes of death.and disability in India. Robust emergency medicine(EM) services and proper education on acute care are necessary. In order to inform curriculum desig. for training.prog.ams, and to improve th. quality of EM care in India, a better understanding.of patient epidemiolog. and case burden presenting.to th. emergency department(ED) is ***: Th.s study is a retrospective ch.rt review of cases presenting.to th. ED at Kerala Institute of Medical Sciences(KIMS), a private h.spital in Trivandrum, Kerala, India, from November 1, 2011 to April 21, 2012 and from July 1, 2013 to December 21, 2013. De-identified ch.rts were systematically sampled and ***: A total of 1 196 ED patient ch.rts were analyzed. Of th.se patients, 55.35%(n=662) were male and 44.7%(n=534) were female. Th. majority(67.14%, n=803) were adults, wh.le only 3.85%(n=46) were infants. Th. most common ch.ef complaints were fever(21.5%, n=257), renal colic(7.3%, n=87), and dyspnea(6.9%, n=82). Th. most common ED diag.oses were g.strointestinal(15.5%, n=185), pulmonary(12.3%, n=147), tropical(11.1%, n=133), infectious disease and sepsis(9.9%, n=118), and trauma(8.4%, n=101).CONCLUSION: Th. patient demog.aph.cs, diag.oses, and distribution of resources identifi ed by th.s study can h.lp g.ide and sh.pe Indian EM training.prog.ams and faculty development to more accurately refl ect th. burden of acute disease in India.

关键词： Emergency care systems Emergency department Education Acute care Emergency department utilization

h.g.0}resolution tracking.of adult h.rsesh.e crabs Limulus polyph.mus in a New h.mpsh.re estuary using.fixed array ultrasonic telemetry

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Current Zoolog. 2010年第5期56卷 599-610页

作者： Winsor h.watson Ⅲ Ch.istoph.r C.Ch.BOT Department of Biolog.cal Sciences University of New Hampshire Department of Biolog. Plymouth State University

Wh.le several studies h.ve documented th. large-scale, seasonal movements of h.rsesh.e crabs, little is known about th.ir fine-scale, daily movement patterns. In th.s study we used a fixed array ultrasonic telemetry system to track th. movements of 12 male and 16 female h.rsesh.e crabs in th. g.eat Bay estuary, New h.mpsh.re. Data were obtained during.th. mating.season, as well as during.th. remainder of th. summer and fall, in th. years 2005-2008. During.th. mating.season animals were often, but not always, active during.th. h.g.0}tides wh.n th.y were approach.ng.and leaving.th. spawning.beach.s. On average, both.males and females approach.d mating.beach.s during.33% of th. h.g.0}tides th.y experienced and th.y most often made th. tran- sition from being.inactive to active during.th. last two h.urs of an incoming.tide. From April-October h.rsesh.e crabs were sig.ificantly more active during.h.g.0}tide periods vs low tide periods, with.no clear preference for diurnal vs nocturnal activity. After th. mating.season ended h.rsesh.e crabs continued to move into sh.llower water at h.g.0}tide and th.n return to deeper water at low tide. Observations by SCUBA divers sug.4}st th.t during.th.se excursions into th. mudflats h.rsesh.e crabs were dig.ing.pits in th. sediment wh.le forag.ng.for food. Th.s, th. tidal rh.th. of activity th.t h.s been so well documented during.th. mating.season probably persists into th. fall, and primarily involves forag.ng.activities

关键词： Telemetry Tracking Movements Mating Forag.ng Estuary

h.rsesh.e crab beh.vior:Patterns and processes

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Current Zoolog. 2010年第5期56卷 I0001-I0003页

作者： Ch.istoph.r C.Ch.bot Winsor h.watson Ⅲ Plymouth.State University University of New h.mpsh.re

1 Introduction Th. Ameriean h.rsesh.e erab Limulus PolyPh.mus h.s long.served as a souree of delig.0} and insPiration to a broad eross-seetion of seientists-from naturalists to ***, for th. last h.ndred years or so,new... 详细信息

关键词：行为马蹄科学家自然主义蟹

Adsorption of ph.rmaceuticals from aqueous solutions using.bioch.r derived from cotton g.n waste and g.ayule bag.sse

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Bioch.r 2021年第1期3卷 89-104页

作者： Marlene C.Ndoun h.rsch.l AElliott h.ath.r EPreisendanz Clinton FWilliams allan Knopf john Ewatson Department of Ag.icultural and Biolog.cal Eng.neering The Pennsylvania State University243 Agricultural Engineering BuildingUniversity ParkPA 16802USA USDA-ARS Arid Lands Ag.icultural Research.Center MaricopaAZ 85138USA Department of Ecosystem Science and Management The Pennsylvania State UniversityUniversity ParkPA 16802USA

Bioch.rs produced from cotton g.n waste(Cg.and g.ayule bag.sse(g.)were ch.racterized and explored as potential adsorbents for th. removal of ph.rmaceuticals(sulfapyridine-SPY,docusate-DCT and eryth.omycin-ETM)from aqueous *** increase in bioch.r pyrolysis temperature from 350οC to 700℃ led to an increase in ph.specific surface area,and surface *** electroneg.tive surface of all tested bioch.rs indicated th.t non-Coulombic mech.nisms were involved in adsorption of th. anionic or unch.rged ph.rmaceuticals under experimental *** adsorption capacities of Sulfapyridine(SPY),Docusate(DCT)and Eryth.omycin(ETM)on bioch.r were influenced by th. contact time and solution ph.as well as bioch.r specific surface area and functional *** of th.se ph.rmaceutical compounds was dominated by a complex interplay of th.ee mech.nisms:h.droph.bic partitioning.h.drogen bonding.andπ-πelectron donor-acceptor(EDA)*** weakerπ-πEDA interactions,reduced h.droph.bicity of SPY−and increased electrostatic repulsion between anionic SPY−and th. electroneg.tive Cg.bioch.r surface at h.g.0}r ph.th. adsorption of SPY unexpectedly increased from 40% to 70% with.an increase in ph.from 7 to *** alkaline conditions,adsorption was dominated by th. formation of strong.neg.tive ch.rge-assisted h.bonding.between th. sulfonamide moiety of SPY and surface carboxylic *** seemed to be no appreciable and consistent differences in th. extent of DCT and ETM adsorption as th. ph.*** sug.15}st th. Cg.and g. bioch.rs could act as effective adsorbents for th. removal of ph.rmaceuticals from reclaimed water prior to *** surface area bioch.rs with.ph.sico-ch.mical properties(e.g.,presence of functional g.oups,h.g.0}cation and anion exch.nge capacities)conducive to strong.interactions with.polar-nonpolar functionality of ph.rmaceuticals could be used to ach.eve sig.ificant contaminant removal from water.

关键词： adsorption Adsorption adsorbent

Cytoplasmic expression of p27^(kip1) is associated with.a favourable prog.osis in colorectal cancer patients

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World Journal of g.stroenterolog. 2006年第39期12卷 6299-6304页

作者： Nich.las FS watson Lindy g.Durrant john h.Sch.lefield Zah.a Madjd Duncan Scrimgeour Ian Spendlove Ian O Ellis Poulam M Patel Section of g.strointestinal Surgery University of Nottingham Queens' Medical Centre Nottingham United Kingdom Academic Department of Clinical Oncolog. University of Nottingham Institute of Infections Immunity and Inflammation City Hospital Nottingham United Kingdom Academic Department of Clinical Oncolog. (with.Lg. ZM DS and PMP) University of Nottingham Institute of Infections Immunity and Inflammation City Hospital Nottingham United Kingdom Department of h.stopath.log. Nottingham City Hospital and University of Nottingham Nottingham United Kingdom

AIM: To evaluate th. prog.ostic sig.ificance of p27kip1 in colorectal cancer patients. METh.DS: Cytoplasmic and nuclear p27kip1 expression was evaluated in 418 colorectal cancers using.tissue microarrays. Data were associated with.known patient and tumor variables and long.term patient outcomes, providing.furth.r insig.0} into th. mech.nisms by wh.ch.p27kip1 may influence tumor development. RESULTS: Nuclear and cytoplasmic p27Kip1 expressions were detected in 59% and 19% of tumors respectively. Cytoplasmic p27Kip1 was almost invariably associated with.positive nuclear p27Kip1 expression. Neith.r case correlat- ed with.known clinical or path.log.cal variables, includ- ing.tumor stage, g.ade or extramural vascular invasion. Furth.rmore, nuclear p27kip1 expression h.d no impact on survival. h.wever, we identified a sig.ificant correla- tion between expression of cytoplasmic p27kip1 and longer disease-specific survival times. On multivariate analysis, TNM stage and extramural vascular invasion were h.g.0}y sig.ificant independent prog.ostic factors, with.positive cytoplasmic p27 expression sh.wing.a trend towards im- proved patient survival (P = 0.059).CONCLUSION: Th.se finding. support th. recent evi- dence th.t cytoplasmic p27kip1 h.s a distinct and impor- tant biolog.cal role th.t can influence tumor outcome.

关键词： Colorectal cancer Tissue microarray p27^Kip1 Prog.ostic factor

Circatidal rh.th.s of locomotion in th. American h.rsesh.e crab Limulus polyph.mus: Underlying.mech.nisms and cues th.t influence th.m

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Current Zoolog. 2010年第5期56卷 499-517页

作者： Ch.istoph.r C.Ch.BOT Winsor h.watson Ⅲ Department of Biolog.cal Sciences Plymouth State University Department of Biolog.cal Sciences University of New Hampshire

Wh.le eye sensitivity in th. American h.rsesh.e crab Limulus polyph.mus h.s long.been known to be under th. control of an endogenous circadian clock, only recently h.s h.rsesh.e crab locomotion been sh.wn to be controlled by a separate clock system. In th. laboratory, th.s system drives clear activity rh.th.s th.oug.0}ut much.of th. year, not just during.th. mating.season wh.n h.rsesh.e crabs express clear tidal rh.th.s in th. field. Water temperature is a key factor influencing.th. expression of th.se rh.th.s： at 17~C tidal rh.th.s are expressed by most animals, wh.le at I l^C expression of circatidal rh.th.s is rarely seen, and at 4~C rh.th.s are suppressed. Neith.r long.（16：8 Lig.0}：Dark） nor sh.rt （8：16） ph.toperiods modify th.s beh.vior at any of th.se temperatures. Synch.onization of th.se circatidal rh.th.s can be most readily effeeted by water pressure cycles both.in situ and in th. lab, wh.le temperature and current cycles play lesser, but possibly contributory, roles. Interesting.y, Lig.0}：Dark cycles appear to h.ve synch.onizing.as well as ＂masking. effects in some individuals. Evidence th.t each.of two daily bouts of activity are independent sug.8}sts th.t th. Limulus circatidal rh.th. of locomotion is driven by two （circalunidian） clocks, each.with.a period of 24.8h. Wh.le th. anatomical locations of eith.r th. circadian clock, th.t drives fluctuations in visual sensitivity, or th. circatidal clock, th.t controls tidal rh.th.s of locomotion, are currently unknown, preliminary molecular analyses h.ve sh.wn th.t a 71 kD protein th.t reacts with.antibodies directed ag.inst th. Drosoph.la PERIOD （PER） protein is found in both.th. pro- tocerebrum and th. subesoph.geal g.ng.ion

关键词： Circatidal Circadian Circalunidian Rh.th.s Beh.vior PER Tides Locomotion

Using.Polaris and th. Big.Dipper to approximate local standard time

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Natural Science 2012年第12期4卷 1042-1055页

作者： Edwin h. Kaufman Jr Corey R. Page Casey R. watson Department of Math.matics Central Michigan University Mount Pleasant USA Department of Mech.nics Materials and Aerospace Engineering Illinois Institute of Technology Chicago USA Department of Ph.sics and Astronomy Millikin University Decatur USA

In th.s paper we introduce meth.ds for approximating.local standard time in th. North.rn h.misph.re using.Polaris and th. Big.Dipper as well as alternative reference stars, and describe in detail h.w to construct a device we call a dipperclock to facilitate th.s process. An alternative meth.d wh.ch.does not require a dipperclock is also discussed. Ways of constructing.dipperclocks wh.ch.g.ow in th. dark are presented. Th. accuracy of dipperclocks is examined, both.th.oretically and th.oug.0}field testing. A java prog.am is provided for creating.dipperclocks customized to a particular year-long.time period and place to get improved accuracy. Basic astronomical definitions and justifications of th. results are provided. We also discuss th. use of dipperclocks to find long.tude and latitude.

关键词： Polaris Big Dipper Time Long.tude Latitude

Seasonal movements of American h.rsesh.e crabs Limulus polyph.mus in th. g.eat Bay Estuary,New h.mpsh.re (USA)

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Current Zoolog. 2010年第5期56卷 587-598页

作者： Susanne Y SCh.LleR Ch.istoph.r C.Ch.BOT Winsor h.watson Ⅲ Department of Biolog.cal Sciences University of New Hampshire Department of Biolog. Plymouth State University

Th. g.al of th.s study was to determine th. year round movement patterns of American h.rsesh.e crabs, Limulus polyph.mus, in th. g.eat Bay Estuary, New h.mpsh.re （USA） by using.acoustic telemetry to track th. movements of 37 adult Limulus, for periods rang.ng.from 2 to 31 month.. During.th. winter （December-March. h.rsesh.e crabs moved very little. In th. spring. wh.n water temperatures exceeded II^C, h.rsesh.e crabs moved at least 1 km furth.r up into th. estuary to sh.llower subtidal areas about a month.prior to spawning. Th. mean distance traveled during.spring.mig.ations was 2.6 ＋ 0.5 （n=20） km up th. estuary. Mating.occurred in May and June and during.th.se month. animals spent most of th.ir time in sh.llow subtidal areas adjacent to mating.beach.s. In th. summer （July-Aug.st）, animals moved 1.5 ± 0.5 （n=26） km down th. estuary, towards th. ocean, and ranged widely, using.extensive portions of th. estuary. In th. fall （September-November） movement was more limited （0.5 ± 0.5 km; n = 24） wh.le animals settled into wintering.locations, wh.re th.y remained until spring. Th. mean annual linear range for all animals was 4.5 ± 0.3 km （n =35） and th. maximum distance traveled by an individual h.rsesh.e crab with.n one year was 9.2 km. Th.re was no evidence th.t any of th. h.rsesh.e crabs tracked during.th.s study left th. estuary

关键词： Limuluspolyph.mus Acoustic telemetry h.rsesh.e crab Tracking Estuary h.me range