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The Effect of Hygroscopic Growth on Continental Aerosols

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Open Journal of Applied Sciences 2013年第6期3卷 381-392页

作者： Bello Idrith Tijjani aliyu aliyu Fatima Shuaibu Department of Physics Bayero University Kano Nigeria Department of Science Laboratory Technology School of Technology Kano State Polytechnic Kano Nigeria Girl’s Science and Technical College Kano Nigeria

In this paper, the authors investigated some microphysical and optical properties of continental clean aerosols from OPAC to determine the effect of hygroscopic growth at the spectral range of 0.25 μm to 2.5 μm and eight relative humidities (RHs) (0%, 50%, 70%, 80%, 90%, 95%, 98% and 99%). The microphysical properties extracted were radii, volume mix ratio, number mix ratio and mass mix ratio as a function of RH while the optical properties are scattering and absorption coefficients and asymmetric parameters. Using the microphysical properties, growth factors of the mixtures were determined while using optical properties the enhancement parameters were determined and then parameterized using some models. We observed that the data fitted the models very well. The angstrom coefficients show that the mixture has bimodal type of distribution with the dominance of fine mode particles.

关键词： Microphysical Properties Optical Properties Hygroscopic Growth Parametrization Enhancement Parameters Angstrom Coefficients

The Effect of Relative Humidity on Maritime Tropical Aerosols

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Open Journal of Applied Sciences 2014年第6期4卷 299-322页

作者： Bello Idrith Tijjani Fatima Sha'aibu aliyu aliyu Department of Physics Bayero University Kano Nigeria Department of Science Laboratory Technology School of Technology Kano State Polytechnic Kano Nigeria Girl’s Science and Technical College Kano Nigeria

The present work focused on the effect of relative humidity (RH) on some microphysical and optical properties of maritime tropical aerosols from the software package OPAC (Optical Properties of Aerosols and Clouds) data at the spectral range of 0.25 μm to 2.5 μm and eight relative humidities (0%, 50%, 70%, 80%, 90%, 95%, 98%, and 99%). The microphysical properties extracted were radii, volume mix ratio, number mix ratio and mass mix ratio as a function of RH while the optical properties were optical depth, extinction, scattering and absorption coefficients single scattering albedo, refractive indices and asymmetric parameters. The hygroscopic growth and enhancement parameters were then parameterized by using some models to determine the hygroscopicity, bulk hygroscopicity, humidification factors and some other parameters that depend on RH and/or wavelengths. The results showed that the data fitted our models very well and can be used to extrapolate the hygroscopic growth at any RH and enhancement parameters at any RH and wavelengths. The importance of determining gfmix(RH) as a function of RH and volume fractions, mass fractions and number fractions, and enhancement parameters as a function of RH. The effective radii increases with the increase in RH, while Angstrom coefficients decrease with the increase in RH and this signifies the dominance of coarse mode particles. The angstrom coefficients show that the mixture has bimodal type of distribution and the mode size increases with the increase in RH.

关键词： Microphysical Properties Optical Properties Hygroscopic Growth Parametrization Enhancement Parameters Angstrom Coefficients Effective Refractive Indices

The Effect of Relative Humidity on Continental Average Aerosols

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Open Journal of Applied Sciences 2014年第7期4卷 399-423页

作者： Bello Idrith Tijjani aliyu aliyu Fatima Sha’aibu Department of Physics Bayero University Kano Nigeria Department of Science Laboratory Technology School of Technology Kano State Polytechnic Kano Nigeria Girl’s Science and Technical College Kano Nigeria

In this paper, the authors extracted and investigated the effect of relative humidity (RH) on some microphysical and optical properties of continental polluted aerosols from OPAC (Optical Properties of Aerosols and Clouds) at the spectral range of 0.25 μm to 2.5 μm and eight relative humidities (0%, 50%, 70%, 80%, 90%, 95%, 98%, and 99%). The microphysical properties extracted were radii, volume, number and mass mix ratios as functions of RH while the optical properties were optical depth, extinction, scattering and absorption coefficients single scattering albedo, refractive indices and asymmetric parameters also at eight RHs. Using the microphysical properties, effective hygroscopic growth factors and effective radii of the mixtures were determined while using optical properties we determined the enhancement parameters, effective refractive indices and angstrom coefficients. Using the effective hygroscopic growth, we determined the dependence of the effective hygroscopicity parameter as a function of RH, while using enhancement parameters;we determined the effect of humidification factor on RH and wavelengths. The effective hygroscopic growth and enhancement parameters were then parameterized using some models to determine the effective hygroscopicity parameter, bulk hygroscopicity and humidification factors. We observed that the data fitted the models very well. The effective radii decrease with the increase in RH while the effective hygroscopic growth increases with the increase in RH, and this is in line with the increase in angstrom parameters, and this shows increase in mode size with the increase in RH. The angstrom coefficients show that the mixture has a bimodal type of distribution with the dominance of fine mode particles.

关键词： Microphysical Properties Optical Properties Hygroscopic Growth Parametrization Enhancement Parameters Angstrom Coefficients Effective Refractive Indices

An Iterative Relaxation Approach to the Solution of the Hamilton-Jacobi-Bellman-Isaacs Equation in Nonlinear Optimal Control

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IEEE/CAA Journal of Automatica Sinica 2018年第1期5卷 360-366页

作者： M.D.S.aliyu Department of Electrical Engineering King Faisal University Al-Ahsa 31982 Saudi Arabia IEEE

In this paper, we propose an iterative relaxation method for solving the Hamilton-Jacobi-Bellman-Isaacs equation(HJBIE) arising in deterministic optimal control of affine nonlinear systems. Local convergence of the method is established under fairly mild assumptions, and examples are solved to demonstrate the effectiveness of the method. An extension of the approach to Lyapunov equations is also discussed. The preliminary results presented are promising, and it is hoped that the approach will ultimately develop into an efficient computational tool for solving the HJBIEs.

关键词： Affine nonlinear system bounded continuous function convergence Hamilton-Jacobi-Bellman-Isaacs equation Lyapunov equation relaxation method Riccati equation

Using agent-based modelling and landscape metrics to assess landscape fragmentation in Iskandar Malaysia

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Ecological Processes 2015年第1期4卷 96-106页

作者： aliyu Salisu Barau Salman Qureshi Faculty of Built Environment Universiti Teknologi Malaysia81310 JohorMalaysia Department of Geography(Landscape Ecology) Humboldt University of BerlinRudower Chaussee 1612557 BerlinGermany School of Architecture Birmingham City University5 Cardigan StreetBirmingham B47BDUK.

Introduction:Special economic zones(SEZs)emerge as new forces driving Asian economic transformation and triggering rapid landscape *** is imperative to map out the present and future spatial patterns of SEZs in order to understand how they undermine *** from the experience of Iskandar Malaysia,one of the most successful SEZs in Southeast Asia,this study measures how biophysical and cultural landscapes are being affected by the most recent accelerated land development in the ***:With aid of a hybrid model,namely the special economic zone landscape fragmentation measurement(SeLaFragment),which combines Geographic Information System(GIS),FRAGSTATS and NetLogo,the current and future fragmentation dynamics were analysed using land use data of the study area from the beginning of intensive landscape transformation in 2007 until *** Malaysia’s cultural and biophysical landscapes were extensively ***:The analysis showed that urban built-up areas increased from 13%in 2006 to 24%in *** swamps were the worst affected ecosystem as they lost 20%of their areal coverage between 2006 and *** simulation of the future scenarios suggested that,in the future,fragmentation and landscape homogenisation will intensify and pose more risks to landscape quality,functions and socio-ecological ***:It is obvious that rapid landscape fragmentation compromises sustainability of a wide range of ecosystems and their functions and services in and around urban *** is difficult to see how existing environmental strategies have been effective in addressing the emerging sustainability challenges of rapid landscape *** best way to respond to this kind of situation in the SEZs is by focusing on holistic approach to landscape sustainability.

关键词： Desakota Sustainability Landscape Special economic zones Urban transformation

Iterative computational approach to the solution of the Hamilton-Jacobi-Bellman-lsaacs equation in nonlinear optimal control

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Control Theory and Technology 2018年第1期16卷 38-48页

作者： M. D. S. aliyu Department of Electrical Engineering King Faisal University AI-Ahsa 31982 Saudi Arabia

In this paper, iterative or successive approximation methods for the Hamilton-Jacobi-Bellman-lsaacs equations （HJBIEs） arising in both deterministic and stochastic optimal control for affine nonlinear systems are developed. Convergence of the methods are established under fairly mild assumptions, and examples are solved to demonstrate the effectiveness of the methods. However, the results presented in the paper are preliminary, and do not yet imply in anyway that the solutions computed will be stabilizing. More improvements and experimentation will be required before a satisfactory algorithm is developed.

关键词： Hamilton-Jacobi-Bellman-lsaac equation vector identity fixed-point theory successive approximation method,bounded continuous functions convergence Riccati equation

Recent advances in the chemistry of nitrogen,phosphorus and potassium as fertilizers in soil:A review

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Pedosphere 2023年第3期33卷 385-406页

作者： Sharhabil Musa YAHAYA aliyu Ahmad MAHMUD Mustapha ABDULLAHI Abdurrashid HARUNA Department of Soil Science Faculty of Agriculture/Institute for Agricultural ResearchAhmadu Bello UniversityPrivate Mail Bag(P.M.B.)1044Zaria 810107(Nigeria) Faculty of Agriculture Banat's University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine“King Michael I of Romania”from TimisoaraTimisoara 300645(Romania) Faculty of Agriculture and Veterinary Science Mewar UniversityChittorgarhGangrar 312901(India) Department of Pure and Applied Chemistry Faculty of SciencesKaduna State UniversityTafawa Balewa WayP.M.B.2339Kaduna 741102(Nigeria) Department of Chemistry Faculty of Physical SciencesAhmadu Bello UniversityP.M.B.1044Zaria 810107(Nigeria) Department of Fundamental and Applied Sciences Universiti Teknologi PetronasPerak Darul RidzuanSeri Iskandar 32610(Malaysia)

The advent of civilization has made humans dependent on plants for food and medicine,leading to the intensification of agricultural *** intense cultivation of crops has resulted in the depletion of available nutrients from soil,thereby demanding the application of excess nutrients to soil to improve ***,mineral fertilizer discovery and application have,in many ways,contributed greatly to meeting global food ***,aside from the positive effects of mineral fertilizers,their excessive application to soil produces large amounts of pollutants that affect environmental *** necessitates the study of the major mineral fertilizer elements(nitrogen(N),phosphorus(P),and potassium(K)),the forms in which they are applied to soil,and their chemistry/reactions in ***,we reviewed the forms of different N,P,and K mineral fertilizers to provide current knowledge on their constituents,the chemistry of N,P,and K in soil to understand the reactions they undertake in soil,the efficient methods of fertilizer application for environmental sustainability,the effects of mineral fertilizer loss to the environment,and improved fertilization technologies for environmental *** are a promising technology for sustainable agricultural production and are discussed in detail in this review.

关键词： biofertilizer environmental sustainability fertilizer application method fertilizer form mineral fertilizer nanofertilizer nutrient loss nutrient use efficiency

Application and circular economy prospects of palm oil waste for eco-friendly asphalt pavement industry:A review

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Journal of Road Engineering 2022年第4期2卷 309-331页

作者： Nura Shehu aliyu Yaro Muslich Hartadi Sutanto Noor Zainab Habib Madzlan Napiah aliyu Usman Ahmad Hussaini Jagaba Abdulnaser M.Al-Sabaeei Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering Universiti Teknologi PETRONASBandar Seri Iskandar 32610Malaysia Department of Civil Engineering Ahmadu Bello UniversityZaria 810107Nigeria Institute of Self-Sustainable Building Universiti Teknologi PETRONASBandar Seri Iskandar 32610Malaysia School of Energy GeoscienceInfrastructureand SocietyHeriot-Watt University DubaiDubai 38103United Arab Emirates

During the production of palm oil,a significant amount of waste is ***,because of inefficient handling and utilization,these wastes are becoming a larger *** a result,one initiative is to use these wastes in the pavement industry as sustainable ***,there is still a lack of understanding about the wider incorporation of palm oil waste in asphalt pavement and its *** study examines existing literature on the use of various wastes in the pavement industry,including palm oil clinker(POC),palm oil fibre(POF),palm kernel shell(PKS),and palm oil fuel ash(POFA).As a result,this paper presents a systematic review and scientometric investigation of related study publications on many uses of palm oil waste in the asphalt pavement industry and its performance from 2009 to *** VOS viewer application was used to conduct the sciento-metric study *** relationship between interactions detected in co-authored country studies cited sources of co-citation,and the keyword of the co-occurrence and publication source enabled the identification of the research *** to the systematic literature review,40%–60% POC can be used to fine aggregate for optimal performance,while 0–100%PKS can be used to replace coarse *** addition,50%–80% POFA or POC fine(POCF)can be used as a filler replacement,5%–8% POCF or POFA as a bitumen modifier,and 0.3% POF as a stabilizing ***,the study demonstrates that the safety of utilizing wastes with more than 50% CO_(2) emissions can be curtailed with minimal heavy metal leaching and radioactivity *** scientometric analysis may encourage researchers to seek out gaps in the literature that will aid in the long-term,multifaceted use of palm oil wastes in the asphalt pavement ***,the study recommends employing and researching the enormous potential of using palm oil waste in the pavement sectors because they are more sustainable and have better perfor

关键词： Asphalt pavement Circular economy Eco-friendly Palm oil waste VOSviewer

Service delivery effectiveness of Farmers’ Information and Advice Centres in Dinajpur Sadar Upazila of Bangladesh

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Information Processing in Agriculture 2019年第4期6卷 462-470页

作者： MdSadekur Rahman aliyu Akilu Barau MdRubayet Al Ferdous Noman Department of Agricultural Extension Hajee Mohammad Danesh and Science and Technology UniversityDinajpur 5200Bangladesh Department of Agricultural Extension and Rural Development Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural UniversityGazipur 1706Bangladesh Department of Agricultural Extension and Rural Development Usmanu Danfodiyo UniversityP.M.B.2346 SokotoNigeria

The indispensability of information in agricultural development led to the setting up of Farmers’Information and Advice Centres(FIACs)by the government of Bangladesh all over the *** FIACs mainly provide information related to different agriculture subsectors like crop,fisheries and livestock with the overall aim of improving farmers’***,the effectiveness along with problems and suggestions for improvement of the FIACs’services were examined in this study by surveying two FIACs of Dinajpur sadar *** effectiveness of FIAC was determined on some selected farm(crop,fisheries and livestock)information based on three dimensions *** received,its understanding and *** were collected using interview schedule from a sample of 96 farmers selected by proportionate random sampling *** statistics and Pearson’s Product Moment Correlation Coefficient(r)were used in the *** terms of crop production sub-sector,all the respondents(100%)received,understood and applied‘tomato seed production technology’information,followed by‘rice seed production and preservation technology’(96.9%).Also,as for the livestock sub-sector,all the respondents(100%)received,understood and applied‘beef fattening through UMS method’information,followed by‘livestock rearing’(89.5%).Similarly,in case of fisheries sub-sector,all the respondents(100%)receive,understand and apply‘Pangas(Pangasius pangasius)culture method’information,followed by‘preparation of an ideal pond’(92.3%).In essence,the FIACs are quiet effective in their service *** the seven selected characteristics of the respondents,educational qualification,family income and perception on the service delivery efficiency of FIACs showed positive significant association with the effectiveness of the ***,the foremost problems mentioned by the respondents were FIACs staff inefficiency(83.33%)and lack of effective long term training program for both farmers and

关键词： Effectiveness Farmer Information Advice and centers