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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第9期19卷 1861-1862页

作者： Robert Galinsky Laura Bennet alistair J.Gunn The Ritchie Centre Hudson Institute of Medical ResearchMelbourneVICAustralia Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology Monash UniversityMelbourneVICAustralia Department of Physiology The University of AucklandAucklandNew Zealand

Mitigating preterm encephalopathy continues to be one of the greatest challenges in perinatal *** encephalopathy is associated with high mortality,serious morbidity,and significant socio-economic impacts on the individuals,their families,and public health sectors and welfare systems that last a *** cost of disability associated with preterm brain injury continues to *** of this injury,and disability,would significantly reduce this socioeconomic burden.

关键词： encephalopathy mortality hypoxic

42岁男性急性胸痛一例:病人的观点与医生的评论

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英国医学杂志中文版 2004年第3期7卷 185-187页

作者： Gottfried Sodeck Harald Herkner alistair howitt Irene Lang Ed Peile 杨靓 registrar Department of Emergency Medicine vienna General HospitalAustria consultant Department of Emergency Medicine Vienna General HospitalAustria general practitioner.Warders Medical Centre East Street TonbridgeKent TN9 ILA Consultant Cardiologist University of Vienna Austria associate director of clinical studies Division of Public Health and primary Health Care University of Oxford.

评论:病人的观点Peter Hartl,病人本人,Gottfried Sodeck,住院医生当医生们第一次邀请我参加关于我自己的病例讨论时,我拒绝了。因为我不知道怎样贴切的表达我的感想。但是,我让我的妻子与Gottfried Sodeck医生进行沟通,在他们的劝说下... 详细信息

评论:病人的观点Peter Hartl,病人本人,Gottfried Sodeck,住院医生当医生们第一次邀请我参加关于我自己的病例讨论时,我拒绝了。因为我不知道怎样贴切的表达我的感想。但是,我让我的妻子与Gottfried Sodeck医生进行沟通,在他们的劝说下,我最终同意参与讨论我的病例。总之,参加互动式病例讨论对我来说是个有趣的经历。

关键词：男性急性胸痛病人观点医生评论

Direct Pointwise Comparison of FE Predictions to StereoDIC Measurements:Developments and Validation Using Double Edge-Notched Tensile Specimen

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Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences 2024年第8期140卷 1263-1298页

作者： Troy Myers Michael A.Sutton Hubert Schreier alistair Tofts Sreehari Rajan Kattil Department of Mechanical Engineering University of South CarolinaColumbiaSC29208USA Correlated Solutions Incorporated 121 Dutchman BlvdColumbiaSC29063USA

To compare finite element analysis(FEA)predictions and stereovision digital image correlation(StereoDIC)strain measurements at the same spatial positions throughout a region of interest,a field comparison procedure is *** procedure includes(a)conversion of the finite element data into a triangular mesh,(b)selection of a common coordinate system,(c)determination of the rigid body transformation to place both measurements and FEA data in the same system and(d)interpolation of the FEA nodal information to the same spatial locations as the StereoDIC measurements using barycentric *** an aluminum Al-6061 double edge notched tensile specimen,FEA results are obtained using both the von Mises isotropic yield criterion and Hill’s quadratic anisotropic yield criterion,with the unknown Hill model parameters determined using full-field specimen strain measurements for the nominally plane stress *** Hill’s quadratic anisotropic yield criterion,the point-by-point comparison of experimentally based full-field strains and stresses to finite element predictions are shown to be in excellent agreement,confirming the effectiveness of the field comparison process.

关键词： StereoDIC spatial co-registration data transformation finite element simulations point-wise comparison of measurements and FEA predictions double edge notch specimen model validation

Impacts of spatially inconsistent permafrost degradation on streamflow in the Lena River Basin

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Science China Technological Sciences 2024年第11期67卷 3559-3570页

作者： XUE ZeHuan WANG YiChu ZHAO Yi LI DongDeng BORTHWICK alistair George Liam The Key Laboratory of Water and Sediment Sciences Ministry of EducationCollege of Environmental Sciences and EngineeringPeking University College of Water Sciences Beijing Normal University State Key Laboratory of Hydraulics and Mountain River Engineering Sichuan University State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of All Materials Fluxes in River Ecosystems Peking University School of Engineering The University of Edinburgh School of Engineering Computing and MathematicsUniversity of Plymouth

Although permafrost degradation contributes significantly to hydrological change in cold regions, gaps remain in our understanding of streamflow variation induced by degrading permafrost in different river basins. We therefore used a deep learning model to simulate the long-term(≥ 30 years) monthly streamflow at 60 hydrological stations along the Lena River, the third longest circum-Arctic river. Analyzing the effects of precipitation, temperature, and thaw depth on streamflow variation throughout the Lena River Basin, we identified two feedback patterns relating streamflow to warming permafrost, observed in areas of continuous and discontinuous permafrost. In northern plain regions with continuous permafrost, 94% of stations presented an increasing trend in annual streamflow from the 1900s to the 2010s due to permafrost degradation. The enhanced streamflow was mainly due to increased meltwater in the flood season. In southern regions covered by both continuous and discontinuous permafrost, approximately 38% of stations exhibited a declining trend in annual streamflow in response to permafrost degradation, with a high proportion(61%) located in mountain regions(elevation ≥ 500 m). The decline is attributed to the enhanced infiltration capacity of thawing frozen layers within discontinuous permafrost regions. Our study provides new insights into the mechanisms behind permafrost degradation-induced streamflow variation and highlights the importance of formulating tailored strategies for sustainable river management in cold regions experiencing climate change.

关键词： permafrost degradation streamflow variation deep learning model climate change large cold basin

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Diabetic retinopathy: recent advances towards understanding neurodegeneration and vision loss

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Science China(Life Sciences) 2015年第6期58卷 541-549页

作者： BARBER alistair J. Penn State Hershey Eye Center Penn State Hershey College of Medicine Milton S. Hershey Medical Center

Diabetic retinopathy （DR） is one of the most common retinal diseases world-wide. It has a complex pathology that involves the vasculature of the inner retina and breakdown of the blood-retinal barrier. Extensive research has determined that DR is not only a vascular disease but also has a neurodegenerative component and that essentially all types of ceils in the retina are affected, leading to chronic loss of visual function. A great deal of work using animal models of DR has established the loss of neurons and pathology of other cell types, including supporting glial cells. There has also been an increased emphasis on measuring retinal function in the models, as well as further validation and extension of the animal studies by clinical and translational research. This article will attempt to summarize the more recent developments in research towards understanding the complexities of retinal neurodegeneration and functional vision loss in DR.

关键词： retina diabetes neurodegeneration visual function vascular function apoptosis synapse dendrite

The Triple Combination of Meropenem,Avibactam,and a Metallo-β-Lactamase Inhibitor Optimizes Antibacterial Coverage Against Different β-Lactamase Producers

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Engineering 2024年第7期38卷 124-132页

作者： Zhuoren Ling alistair James Macdonald Farley Aditya Lankapalli Yanfang Zhang Shonnette Premchand-Branker Kate Cook Andrei Baran Charlotte Gray-Hammerton Claudia Orbegozo Rubio Edgars Suna Jordan Mathias Jürgen Brem Kirsty Sands Maria Nieto-Rosado Maria Mykolaivna Trush Nadira Naznin Rakhi Willames Martins Yuqing Zhou Christopher Joseph Schofield Timothy Walsh Department of Biology&Ineos Oxford Institute for Antimicrobial Research University of OxfordOxford OX13REUK Chemistry Research Laboratory Department of Chemistry and the Ineos Oxford Institute for Antimicrobial ResearchUniversity of OxfordOxford OX13TAUK Latvian Institute of Organic Synthesis Riga LV-1006Latvia Department of Medical Microbiology Division of Infection and ImmunitySchool of MedicineCardiff UniversityCardiff CF144XNUK Enzymology and Applied Biocatalysis Research Center Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringBabes-Bolyai UniversityCluj-Napoca 400028Romania

This work explores the potential of a triple combination of meropenem(MEM),a novel metallo-blactamase(MBL)inhibitor(indole-2-carboxylate 58(InC58)),and a serine-b-lactamase(SBL)inhibitor(avibactam(AVI))for broad-spectrum activity against carbapenemase-producing bacteria.A diverse panel comprising MBL-and SBL-producing strains was used for susceptibility testing of the triple combination using the agar dilution *** frequency of resistance(FoR)to MEM combined with InC58 was *** were sequenced and tested for cross resistance,fitness,and the stability of the resistance *** with the double combinations of MEM plus an SBL or MBL inhibitor,the triple combination extended the spectrum of activity to most of the isolates bearing SBLs(oxacillinase-48(OXA-48)and Klebsiella pneumoniae carbapenemase-2(KPC-2))and MBLs(New Delhi metallo-blactamases(NDMs)),although it was not effective against Verona integron-encoded metallo-blactamase(VIM)-carrying Pseudomonas aeruginosa(***)and OXA-23-carrying Acinetobacter baumannii(***).The FoR to MEM plus InC58 ranged from 2.22×10^(-7)to 1.13×10^(-6).The resistance correlated with mutations to ompC and comR,affecting porin C and copper permeability,*** mutants manifested a fitness cost,a decreased level of resistance during passage without antibiotic pressure,and cross resistance to another carbapenem(imipenem)and a b-lactamase inhibitor(taniborbactam).In conclusion,compared with the dual combinations,the triple combination of MEM with InC58 and AVI showed a much wider spectrum of activity against different carbapenemaseproducing bacteria,revealing a new strategy to combat b-lactamase-mediated antimicrobial resistance.

关键词： Carbapenemase Metallo/serine-b-lactamase inhibitor Avibactam Meropenem Antimicrobial resistance

Tracer advection in a pair of adjacent side-wall cavities, and in a rectangular channel containing two groynes in series

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Journal of Hydrodynamics 2018年第4期30卷 564-572页

作者： Mohammad Mahdi Jalali alistair G.L.Borthwick Institute for Energy Systems School of Engineering The University of Edinburgh

A model is presented of particle advection near groynes in an open channel. Open channel hydrodynamics is modelled using the shallow water equations, obtained as the depth-averaged form of Reynolds-averaged continuity and Navier-Stokes momentum equations. A Lagrangian particle-tracking model is used to predict trajectories of tracer particles advected by the flow field, with bilinear interpolation representing the continuous flow field. The particle-tracking model is verified for chaotic advection in an alternating flow field of a pair of blinking vortices. The combined shallow flow and Lagrangian particle-tracking model is applied to the simulation of tracer advection in flow past a pair of side-wall cavities separated by a groyne, and in an open rectangular channel containing a pair of parallel groynes oriented normal to the channel wall. The study is potentially useful in understanding mixing processes in shallow flow fields near hydraulic structures in wide rivers.

关键词： Shallow water equations Lagrangian particle tracking chaotic advection blinking vortices side-wall cavities groynes

Tracer advection in an idealised river bend with groynes

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Journal of Hydrodynamics 2018年第5期30卷 780-790页

作者： Mohammad Mahdi Jalali alistair G.L.Borthwick Institute for Energy Systems School of Engineering The University of Edinburgh

This paper presents numerical simulations of particle advection in the bend of an open channel containing groynes, which is an idealised form of a shallow river bend in a wide river. The flow field is computed using a boundary-fitted solver of the non-orthogonal, curvilinear shallow water equations. The computational grid is generated by solving Poisson-type elliptic partial differential equations using an iterative multi-grid scheme for prescribed boundary coordinates. The shallow water equations are discretised with finite differences in space, and 4 t h order Runge-Kutta integration in time. Tracers introduced at specific initial locations have their trajectories computed using Lagrangian particle tracking. The numerical shallow flow model is verified by comparison to the analytical solution of fully developed flow in an open channel. The combined shallow flow and Lagrangian particle-tracking model is then used to simulate the advection of tracer particles in a rectangular channel containing a pair of parallel groynes, and tracer particles in a curved open channel containing groynes, of dimensions roughly equivalent to a Danube River bend.

关键词： Shallow water equations tracer advection Lagrangian particle curvilinear coordinates system river bend groynes

A geocomputational analysis of Twitter activity around different world cities

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Geo-Spatial Information Science 2014年第3期17卷 145-152页

作者： Muhammad ADNAN alistair LEAK Paul LONGLEY Department of Geography University College LondonGower StreetLondon WC1E 6BTUK Department of Security and Crime Science University College London35 Tavistock SquareLondon WC1H 9EZUK

The penetration and use of social media services differs from city to *** paper is aimed to provide a comparison of the use of Twitter between different cities of the *** present a temporal analysis of activity on Twitter in 15 *** study consists of two parts:First,we created temporal graphs of the activity in the 15 cities,through which hours of high and low activity could be ***,we created heat map visualizations of the Twitter activities during the period of 19 September 2012–25 September *** heat map visualizations make the periods of intense and sparse activity apparent and provide a snapshot of the activity during the whole year.

关键词： Twitter temporal analysis heat map visualization activity patterns

Flow and magnetic structures in a kinematic ABC-dynamo

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Science China(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy) 2020年第8期63卷 95-100页

作者： Tao Zhang ZhiLiang Lin ChenYang Huang alistair G.L.Borthwick State Key Laboratory of Ocean Engineering School of Naval ArchitectureOcean and Civil EngineeringShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200240China Collaborative Innovation Center for Advanced Ship and Deep-Sea Exploration Shanghai 200240China School of Engineering The University of EdinburghEdinburgh EH93JLUK

Dynamo theory describes the magnetic field induced by the rotating,convecting and electrically conducting fluid in a celestial *** classical ABC-flow model represents fast dynamo action,required to sustain such a magnetic *** this letter,Lagrangian coherent structures(LCSs)in the ABC-flow are detected through Finite-time Lyapunov exponents(FTLE).The flow skeleton is identified by extracting intersections between repelling and attracting *** the case A=B=C=1,the skeleton structures are made up from lines connecting two different types of stagnation points in the *** corresponding kinematic ABC-dynamo problem is solved using a spectral method,and the distribution of cigar-like magnetic structures *** links are found to exist between LCSs in the ABC-flow and induced magnetic structures,which provides insight into the mechanism behind the ABC-dynamo.

关键词： kinematic dynamo theory ABC-flow Lagrangian coherent structure