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照料视角下的都市家庭环境行动——基于北京和上海40位女性的深度访谈

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妇女研究论丛 2025年第1期 16-27页

作者：刘齐 alison Leigh Browne 中国社会科学院社会学研究所英国曼彻斯特大学地理学系

本文关注都市女性在家庭生活中的亲环境行动。以中国都市女性的日常照料实践为抓手，本文试图理解日常的、非正式的家庭环境行动，探寻女性在日常生活情境中的环保能动性。通过分析生活在上海和北京的40名22-70岁女性的深度访谈资料，... 详细信息

本文关注都市女性在家庭生活中的亲环境行动。以中国都市女性的日常照料实践为抓手，本文试图理解日常的、非正式的家庭环境行动，探寻女性在日常生活情境中的环保能动性。通过分析生活在上海和北京的40名22-70岁女性的深度访谈资料，本文发现，女性主导的城市家庭日常照料具有丰富的环境意涵，主要包括感知环境风险、应对环境污染、适应环境变化、学习环境知识和践行环境保护。家庭日常照料的环境意涵折射出一个观点多元、积极活跃、具有环境敏感性的当代中国女性群体形象。本文进一步指出，女性的环境敏感虽然部分源于社会性别规范，但是在照料的过程中，一些女性展示出对传统性/性别规范的反思以及重新塑造个体、家庭与环境之间关系的能力。这些研究发现证明了采用照料视角理解日常环境行动的必要性，也有助于进一步理解中国式现代化进程中的环境保护与妇女参与的议题。

关键词：环境行动日常照料家庭日常生活性别观念

Regulator of G protein signaling 6 mediates exercise-induced recovery of hippocampal neurogenesis,learning,and memory in a mouse model of Alzheimer’s disease

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第10期20卷 2969-2981页

作者： Mackenzie M.Spicer Jianqi Yang Daniel Fu alison N.DeVore Marisol Lauffer Nilufer S.Atasoy Deniz Atasoy Rory A.Fisher Department of Neuroscience and Pharmacology University of Iowa Carver College of MedicineIowa CityIAUSA Iowa Neuroscience Institute University of Iowa Carver College of MedicineIowa CityIAUSA Interdisciplinary Graduate Program in Molecular Medicine University of Iowa Carver College of MedicineIowa CityIAUSA Neural Circuits and Behavior Core University of Iowa Carver College of MedicineIowa CityIAUSA

Hippocampal neuronal loss causes cognitive dysfunction in Alzheimer’s *** hippocampal neurogenesis is reduced in patients with Alzheimer’s *** stimulates adult hippocampal neurogenesis in rodents and improves memory and slows cognitive decline in patients with Alzheimer’s ***,the molecular pathways for exercise-induced adult hippocampal neurogenesis and improved cognition in Alzheimer’s disease are poorly ***,regulator of G protein signaling 6(RGS6)was identified as the mediator of voluntary running-induced adult hippocampal neurogenesis in ***,we generated novel RGS6fl/fl;APP_(SWE) mice and used retroviral approaches to examine the impact of RGS6 deletion from dentate gyrus neuronal progenitor cells on voluntary running-induced adult hippocampal neurogenesis and cognition in an amyloid-based Alzheimer’s disease mouse *** found that voluntary running in APP_(SWE) mice restored their hippocampal cognitive impairments to that of control *** cognitive rescue was abolished by RGS6 deletion in dentate gyrus neuronal progenitor cells,which also abolished running-mediated increases in adult hippocampal *** hippocampal neurogenesis was reduced in sedentary APP_(SWE) mice versus control mice,with basal adult hippocampal neurogenesis reduced by RGS6 deletion in dentate gyrus neural precursor ***6 was expressed in neurons within the dentate gyrus of patients with Alzheimer’s disease with significant loss of these RGS6-expressing ***,RGS6 mediated voluntary running-induced rescue of impaired cognition and adult hippocampal neurogenesis in APP_(SWE) mice,identifying RGS6 in dentate gyrus neural precursor cells as a possible therapeutic target in Alzheimer’s disease.

关键词： adult hippocampal neurogenesis Alzheimer’s disease dentate gyrus exercise learning/memory neural precursor cells regulator of G protein signaling 6(RGS6)

A functional paradigm for evaluating culture： An example with cetaceans

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Current Zoology 2012年第2期58卷 271-286页

作者： alison Linda GREGGOR Department of Psychology University of California 3210 Tolman Hall Berkeley CA 94720-1650 USA

Nonhuman culture was first considered in nonhuman primates because they are genetically similar to humans. How- ever, evolution is not progressive and therefore many species may occupy niches that favor socially transmitted, group specific behavior. Not surprisingly, evidence for culture has accrued in several taxonomic groups, including cetaceans. If culture is an ada- ptation, it is imperative we understand the factors that favor its formation. Understanding the evolutionary origin of culture will allow for a wider range of species to be studied, including those that are difficult to test in the laboratory. I propose a broad-based functional paradigm for evaluating nonhuman culture; based on the idea that while not all cultural behaviors may garner fitness benefits to the individual, the ecological and social environments in which cultural behaviors evolved must have favored the physical attributes and social learning capabilities that allow for cultural formation. Specifically this framework emphasizes the relationships between social learning, ecology, social systems, and biology in relation to culture. I illustrate the utility of the func- tional paradigm with evidence from the ceteacean group, while setting the stage for a stringent species by species analysis. By means of contextualizing culture, the Functional Paradigm can evaluate a species＇ potential to exhibit culture and can investigate potentially cultural behaviors

关键词： Nonhuman culture Social learning Evolutionary fimction Cetaceans

Potato aphid Macrosiphum euphorbiae performance is determined by aphid genotype and not mycorrhizal fungi or water availability

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Insect Science 2017年第6期24卷 1015-1024页

作者： alison Jane Karley Matthew Emslie-Smith alison Elizabeth Bennett Ecological Sciences The James Hutton Institute Invergowrie Dundee UK School of Biology University of St. Andrews St Andrews UK

Intra- and interspecific variation in plant and insect traits can alter the strength and direction of insect-plant interactions, with outcomes modified by soil biotic and abiotic conditions. We used the potato aphid （Macrosiphum euphorbiae Thomas） feeding on cultivated Solanum tuberosum and wild Solanurn berthaulti to study the impact of water availability and plant mutualistic arbuscular mycorrhizal （AM） fungi on aphid performance and susceptibility to a parasitoid wasp （Aphidius ervi Haliday）. Plants were grown under glass with live or sterile AM fungal spores and supplied with sufficient or reduced water supply. Plants were infested with 1 of 3 genotypes ofM. euphorbiae or maintained as aphidfree controls; aphid abundance was scored after 1 week, after which aphid susceptibility to A. ervi was assayed explanta. Solarium tuberosum accumulated c. 20% more dry mass than S. berthaultii, and root mass of S. berthaultii was smallest under reduced water supply in the presence of AM fungi. Aphid abundance was lowest on S. berthaultii and highest for genotype ＂2＂ aphids; genotype ＂1＂ aphid density was particularly reduced on S. berthaultii. Aphid genotype ＂1＂ exhibited low susceptibility to parasitism and was attacked less frequently than the other two more susceptible aphid genotypes. Neither AM fungi nor water availability affected insect performance. Our study suggests a fitness trade-offin M. euphorbiae between parasitism resistance and aphid performance on poor quality Solarium hosts that warrants further exploration, and indicates the importance of accounting for genotype identity in determining the outcome of multitrophic interactions.

关键词： Aphidius ervi arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi multitrophic interaction parasitism resistance Solanum spp.

Transient-state instability analysis of dissolution-timescale reactive infiltration in fluid-saturated porous rocks: Purely mathematical approach

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Science China(Technological Sciences) 2020年第2期63卷 319-328页

作者： ZHAO ChongBin HOBBS Bruce ORD alison Computational Geosciences Research Centre Central South UniversityChangsha 410083China Key Laboratory of Metallogenic Prediction of Nonferrous Metals and Geological Environment Monitoring Ministry of EducationCentral South UniversityChangsha 410083China School of Earth and Environment The University of Western AustraliaCrawleyWA 6009Australia

This paper deals with how the purely mathematical approach can be used to solve transient-state instability problems of dissolution-timescale reactive infiltration(DTRI) in fluid-saturated porous rocks. Three key steps involved in such an approach are:(1) to mathematically derive an analytical solution(known as the base solution or conventional solution) for a quasi-steady state problem of the dissolution timescale, which is viewed as a frozen state of the original transient-state instability problem;(2)to mathematically deduce a group of first-order perturbation partial-differential equations(PDEs) for the quasi-steady state problem;(3) to mathematically derive an analytical solution(known as the perturbation solution or unconventional solution) for this group of first-order perturbation PDEs. Because of difficulty in mathematically solving a transient-state instability problem of DTRI in general cases, only a special case, in which some nonlinear coupling between governing PDEs of the problem can be decoupled, is considered to illustrate these three key steps in this study. The related theoretical results demonstrated that the transient chemical dissolution front can become unstable in the DTRI system of large Zh numbers when the long wavelength perturbations are applied to the system. This new finding may lay the theoretical foundation for developing innovative technique to exploit shale gas resources in the deep Earth.

关键词： mathematical study dissolution timescale reactive infiltration instability chemical dissolution perturbation solution porous rocks

Two different mathematical schemes for solving chemical dissolution-front instability problems in fluid-saturated rocks

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Science China(Technological Sciences) 2022年第1期65卷 147-156页

Chemical dissolution-front instability(CDFI)problems usually involve multiple temporal and spatial scales,as well as multiple processes.A key issue associated with solving a CDFI problem in a fluid-saturated rock is to mathematically establish a theoretical criterion,which can be used to judge the instability of a chemical dissolution-front(CDF)propagating in the fluidsaturated *** theoretical paper deals with how two different mathematical schemes can be used to precisely establish such a theoretical criterion in a purely mathematical manner,rather than in a numerical simulation *** main distinguishment between these two different mathematical schemes is that in the first mathematical scheme,a curved surface coordinate system is used,while in the second mathematical scheme,a planar surface coordinate system is *** particular,all the key mathematical deduction steps associated with using these two different mathematical schemes are described and discussed in great *** main theoretical outcomes of this study have demonstrated that(1)two different mathematical schemes under consideration can produce exactly the same theoretical criterion;(2)the main advantage of using the first mathematical scheme is that the interface conditions at the curved interface between the downstream and upstream regions can be easily described mathematically;(3)the main advantage of using the second mathematical scheme is that the first-order perturbation equations of the CDFI problem can be easily described in a purely mathematical manner.

关键词： chemical dissolution theoretical analysis mathematical scheme front instability fluid-saturated rocks

Root symbionts： Powerful drivers of plant above- and belowground indirect defenses

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Insect Science 2017年第6期24卷 947-960页

作者： Sergio Rasmann alison Bennett Arjen Biere alison Karley Emilio Guerrieri Institute of Biology University of Neuchatel Neuchatel Switzerland Department of Ecological Sciences James Hutton Institute Dundee UK Netherlands Institute of Ecology Wageningen the Netherlands Institute for Sustainable Plant Protection National Research Council of Italy Portici Italy

Soil microbial mutualists of plants, including mycorrhizal ftmgi, non- mycorrhizal fungi and plant growth promoting rhizobacteria, have been typically characterized for increasing nutrient acquisition and plant growth. More recently, soil microbes have also been shown to increase direct plant defense against above- and below- ground herbivores. Plants, however, do not only rely on direct defenses when attacked, but they can also recruit pest antagonists such as predators and parasitoids, both above and belowground, mainly via the release of volatile organic compounds （i.e., indirect defenses）. In this review, we illustrate the main features and effects of soil microbial mutualists of plants on plant indirect defenses and discuss possible applications within the framework of sustainable crop protection against root- and shoot-feeding arthropod pests. We indicate the main knowledge gaps and the future challenges to be addressed in the study and application of these rnultifaceted interactions.

关键词： arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi crop protection entomopathogenic nematodes plant growth promoting rhizobacteria Trichoderma

Near-field performance of chemical dissolution-front instability around a circular acid-injection-well in fluid-saturated porous media

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Science China(Technological Sciences) 2023年第7期66卷 2025-2035页

作者： ZHAO ChongBin HOBBS Bruce ORD alison Computational Geosciences Research Centre Central South UniversityChangsha 410083China Key Laboratory of Metallogenic Prediction of Nonferrous Metals and Geological Environment Monitoring Ministry of EducationCentral South UniversityChangsha 410083China School of Earth and Environment University of Western AustraliaCrawleyWA 6009Australia

This paper investigates the near-field performance of chemical dissolution-front instability(CDFI) around a circular acidinjection-well in fluid-saturated porous media(FSPM) through using purely mathematical *** the mathematical governing equations of the CDFI problem involving radially divergent flow are briefly described,both analytical base solutions and perturbation solutions for the considered problem are mathematically *** analytical solutions lead to the theoretical expression of the perturbation induced dimensionless growth-rate and the following two new *** first new finding is that the critical Peclet number of a chemical dissolution system(CDS) associated with radially divergent flow in FSPM is not only a function of the permeability ratio between the undissolved and dissolved regions as well as the dimensionless wavenumber,but also a function of the circular chemical dissolution-front location relative to the circular acid-injection-well in *** second new finding is that as the direct result of considering a nonzero radius of the circular acid-injection-well,there exits a critical closeness number,which may be used to assess where the circular chemical dissolution-front starts becoming unstable in the CDS associated with radially divergent *** on these two new findings,a theoretical criterion of two parts has been *** first part of the established theoretical criterion answers the scientific question when a circular chemical dissolution-front can become unstable,while the second part of the established theoretical criterion answers the scientific question where a circular chemical dissolution-front can become *** applying the established theoretical criterion,a long-term existing mystery why the wormhole pattern of fractal nature and the compact pattern of fingering nature are formed at different locations away from the circular acid-injection-well circumference in fluid-saturated carbo

关键词： near-field performance circular injection well radially divergent flow analytical solutions dissolution-front instability porous media

A new alternative approach for investigating acidization dissolution front propagation in fluid-saturated carbonate rocks

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Science China(Technological Sciences) 2017年第8期60卷 1197-1210页

作者： ZHAO ChongBin HOBBS Bruce ORD alison Computational Geosciences Research Centre Central South University School of Earth and Environment The University of Western Australia

The natural phenomenon associated with the chemical dissolution of dissolvable minerals of rocks can be employed to develop innovative technology in mining and oil extracting engineering. This paper presents a new alternative approach for theoretically dealing with chemical dissolution front （CDF） propagation in fluid-saturated carbonate rocks. Note that the CDF is represented by the porosity front in this study. In this new approach, the porosity, pore-fluid velocity and acid concentration are directly used as independent variables. To illustrate how to use the present new approach, an aeidization dissolution system （ADS） consisting of carbonate rocks, which belongs to one of the many general chemical dissolution systems （CDSs）, is taken as an application example. When the acid dissolution capacity （ADC） number （that is defined as the ratio of the volume of the carbonate rock dissolved by an acid to that of the acid） approaches zero, the present new approach can be used to obtain analytical solutions for the stable ADS. However, if the ADC number is a nonzero finite number, then numerical solutions can be only obtained for the ADS, especially when the ADS is in an unstable state. The related theoretical results have demonstrated that：（1） When the ADS is in a stable state and in the case of the ADC number approaching zero, the present new approach is mathematically equivalent to the previous approach, in which the porosity, pore-fluid pressure and acid concentration are used as independent variables. However, when the ADS is in an unstable state, the use of the present new approach leads to a free parameter that needs to be determined by some other ways. （2） The existence of a non-step-type dissolution front within a transient region should at least satisfy that none of the ADC number, injected acid velocity and reciprocal of the dissolution reaction rate is equal to zero in the stable ADS.

关键词： acidization dissolution front propagation critical length alternative approach critical time carbonate rocks