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Mitigating Carbon Emissions:A Comprehensive Analysis of Transitioning to Hydrogen-Powered Plants in Japan’s Energy Landscape Post-Fukushima

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Energy Engineering 2024年第5期121卷 1143-1159页

作者： Nugroho Agung Pambudi Andrew Chapman Alfan Sarifudin Desita Kamila Ulfa Iksan Riva nanda Department of Mechanical Engineering Education Universitas Sebelas MaretSukoharjo57161Indonesia International Institute for Carbon-Neutral Reserch(WPI-I2CNER) Kyushu UniversityFukuoka819-0395Japan Postgraduate of Mechanical Engineering Universitas Sebelas MaretSurakarta57126Indonesia Energy and Society Laboratory Department of Mechanical Engineering EducationUniversitas Sebelas MaretSukoharjo57161Indonesia Department of Metallurgical and Material Engineering Universitas IndonesiaDepok16424Indonesia

One of the impacts of the Fukushima disaster was the shutdown of all nuclear power plants in Japan,reaching zero production in *** response,the country started importing more fossil energy including coal,oil,and natural gas to fill the energy ***,this led to a significant increase in carbon emissions,hindering the efforts to reduce its carbon *** the current situation,Japan is actively working to balance its energy requirements with environmental considerations,including the utilization of hydrogen ***,this paper aims to explore the feasibility and implications of using hydrogen power plants as a means to reduce emissions,and this analysis will be conducted using the energy modeling of the MARKAL-TIMES Japan *** hydrogen scenario(HS)is assumed with the extensive integration of hydrogen into the power generation sector,supported by a hydrogen import ***,this scenario will be compared with the Business as Usual(BAU)*** results showed that the generation capacities of the BAU and HS scenarios have significantly different primary energy *** BAU scenario is highly dependent on fossil fuels,while the HS scenario integrates hydrogen contribution along with an increase in renewable energy,reaching a peak contribution of 2,160 PJ in *** the HS scenario,the target of reducing CO_(2) emissions by 80%is achieved through significant hydrogen *** 2050,the total CO_(2) emissions are estimated to be 939 million tons for the BAU scenario and 261 million tons for the Hydrogen *** addition,the contribution of hydrogen to electricity generation is expected to be 153 TWh,smaller than PV and wind power.

关键词： Business as usual(BAU)scenario hydrogen scenario CO_(2)emissions power generation sector

Determination of the time of refractive stability after uneventful phacoemulsification in Indian eyes

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World Journal of Experimental Medicine 2024年第2期14卷 89-96页

作者： Ashok Kumar nanda Bijnya Birajita Panda Asish Swain Logesh Balakrishnan Department of Ophthalmology Kar Vision Eye HospitalBhubaneswar 751013OdishaIndia Department of Ophthalmology All India Institute of Medical SciencesBhubaneswar 751019OdishaIndia Department of Optometry Kar Vision Eye HospitalBhubaneswar 751013OdishaIndia Department of Statistics Apollo HospitalsChennai 823104India

BACKGROUND Knowledge about refractive stabilization and the accuracy of postoperative refractive error measurements are crucial for improved patient outcomes after *** guidelines typically recommend waiting 4-6 wk before prescribing corrective *** research focused on identifying factors that influence refractive errors in the early stages of post-cataract surgery,thus contributing to the existing literature on this *** To investigate the time required for refraction stability after uneventful phacoemulsification *** We compared the variation and statistical significance of the difference in spherical,cylindrical components,and the spherical equivalent between the 1-and 6-wk follow-up period in a group of 257 eyes that underwent uneventful phacoemulsification with foldable intraocular lens implantation,all performed by a single experienced *** Wilcoxon-Signed Rank Test was utilized to assess the magnitude of the change and determine its statistical *** refractive stability was defined as the point at which the change in spherical equivalent was within±0.5 dioptres for two consecutive *** The average age of the patients was 64.9±8.9 *** differences observed in both the visits in spherical power(0.1±0.2),cylinder power(0.3±0.4),and spherical equivalent(0.2±0.2)were minimal and not statistically *** majority of eyes(93.4%)achieved refractive stability within 6 wk after the *** cylindrical power differed between age groups at the 6th wk post-operative and the difference was statistically significant(P value 0.013).There were no significant differences in refractive stability when considering sex and axial *** Phacoemulsification with foldable intraocular lens implantation results in no significant changes in refraction for the majority of cases during the 6-wk follow-up ***,a spectacle prescription can be given at the completion of 1 wk.

关键词： Cataract surgery Phacoemulsification Refraction stability Visual acuity Spherical equivalent

Analysis of the Fertilizing and Bioremediation Potential of Leaf Litter Compost Amendment in Different Soils through Indexing Method

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Journal of Environmental Protection 2024年第3期15卷 265-297页

作者： Sophayo Mahongnao Pooja Sharma Arif Ahamad Sarita nanda Department of Biochemistry Daulat Ram College University of Delhi New Delhi India Department of Environmental Science Jamia Millia Islamia University New Delhi India

This research study explored the efficacy of leaf litter compost as a sustainable soil amendment with the objective of promoting soil health and mitigating the accumulation of potentially toxic elements. The investigation encompassed the impact of various organic compost amendments, including leaf compost, cow dung manure, kitchen waste compost, municipal organic waste compost, and vermicompost. The study employed Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry (ICP-MS) to evaluate soil nutrient levels and concentrations of Potentially Toxic Elements (PTEs) such as arsenic, chromium, cadmium, mercury, lead, nickel, and lithium. The fertilization and bioremediation potential of these compost amendments are quantified using an indexing method. Results indicated a substantial increase in overall nutrient levels (carbon, nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, and sulfur) in soils treated with leaf compost and other organic composts. Fertility indices (FI) are notably higher in compost-amended soils (ranging from 2.667 to 3.938) compared to those amended with chemical fertilizers (ranging from 2.250 to 2.813) across all soil samples. Furthermore, the mean concentrations of PTEs were significantly lower in soils treated with leaf compost and other organic compost amendments compared to those treated with chemical fertilizers amendments. The assessment through the indexing method revealed a high clean index (CI) for leaf compost amendment (ranging from 3.407 to 3.58), whereas the chemical fertilizer amendment exhibits a relatively lower CI (ranging from 2.78 to 3.20). Consequently, leaf compost and other organic composts exhibit the potential to enhance sustainable productivity, promoting soil health and environmental safety by improving nutrient levels and remediating potentially toxic elements in the soil.

关键词： Bio-Compost Soil Fertility Potentially Toxic Elements Bioremediation

Noscapine shows antimalarial activity against Plasmodium falciparum 3D7,its clinical isolate Pf140/SS,and Plasmodium berghei ANKA

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine 2024年第8期14卷 350-358页

作者： Swaraj Kumar Babu Sameer Maharana Satyaranjan Chhatria Dibya Ranjan Sahoo Ashirbad nanda Satish Kanhar Prativa KBehera Sanjib Mohanty Pradeep Kumar Naik Praveen Kishore Sahu Centre of Excellence in Natural Products and Therapeutics Department of Biotechnology and BioinformaticsSambalpur UniversityJyoti ViharSambalpur OdishaIndia Department of Molecular Biology and Infectious Diseases Community Welfare Society HospitalRourkelaOdishaIndia Molecular&Immunology Laboratory Infectious Disease Biology UnitIspat General HospitalRourkelaOdishaIndia Department of Pharmacy Centurion University of Technology and ManagementBhubaneswarOdishaIndia

Objective:To evaluate the antimalarial activity of noscapine against Plasmodium falciparum 3D7 strain(Pf3D7),its clinical isolate(Pf140/SS),and Plasmodium berghei ANKA(PbA).Methods:Using ring-stage survival assay,phenotypic assessments,and SYBR-green-based fluorescence assay,the antimalarial activities of noscapine were assessed compared with dihydroartemisinin(DHA)in in vivo and in vitro *** addition,hemolysis and cytotoxicity tests were carried out to evaluate its ***-PCR assay was also conducted to determine the effect of noscapine on papain-like cysteine protease Plasmodium falciparum falcipain-2(PfFP-2).Results:The antimalarial efficacy of noscapine against Pf3D7 and Pf140/SS was comparable to DHA,with IC50 values of(7.68±0.88)and(5.57±0.74)nM/mL,respectively,and>95%inhibition of PbA infected *** also showed a safe profile,as evidenced by low hemolysis and cytotoxicity even at high ***,PfFP-2 expression was significantly inhibited in both noscapine-treated Pf3D7 and Pf140/SS(P<0.01).Conclusions:Noscapine has antimalarial properties comparable to standard antimalarial DHA with better safety profiles,which may be further explored as a therapeutic candidate for the treatment of malaria.

关键词： Malaria Plasmodium falciparum Plasmodium berghei Noscapine Antimalarial Dihydroartemisinin Cytotoxicity Falcipain-2

Parents’s knowledge and awareness about hepatitis B can influence the vaccination of their children

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World Journal of Virology 2024年第2期13卷 96-106页

作者： nanda Chhavi Geetika Srivastava Mariya Waseem Abhishek Yadav Surender Singh Rajani Singh Amit Goel Department of Paediatrics Era’s Lucknow Medical CollegeLucknow 226003Uttar PradeshIndia Medical Consultant National Disease Control ProgramNational Health MissionLucknow 226003Uttar PradeshIndia Department of Hepatology Sanjay Gandhi Postgraduate Institute of Medical SciencesLucknow 226014Uttar PradeshIndia

BACKGROUND Birth-dose(Hep-BD)followed by three additional doses(Hep-B3)of hepatitis B virus(HBV)vaccine are key to eliminating HBV by ***,Hep-BD and Hep-B3 coverage in our country is *** To studied the parent’s knowledge and awareness about HBV infection,its prevention,consequences and *** Parents of 6 months to 8 years old children were interviewed to assess their knowledge&awareness about hepatitis B,its transmission,prevention,illness caused by this,and *** close-ended questions were admini-stered,and responses were recorded as‘yes’,‘no’,or‘not sure’.HBV knowledge score was calculated based on the sum of correct *** correct response scored one point and incorrect,missing or‘not sure’responses received no *** data are presented as number(%)and numerical data are expressed as *** were compared using Chi2 tests and level of significance was kept as P<*** Parents(58.3%mothers)of 384 children(89.9%age<5 years;82%age-appropriately vaccinated)were *** hundred and twenty-two(83.9%)children were Hep-B3 vaccinated.94.3%,87.5%,and 29.2%parents knew about polio,tetanus,and hepatitis B ***,41.2%,15.8%,and 23%parents knew about hepatitis B transmission,consequences of infection,and prevention *** 7.6%parents knew about three-dose schedule of hepatitis B *** 23%parents believed that vaccine could prevent HBV,15.7%knew that HBV affects *** of Hep-B3 vaccinated children were significantly more aware about HBV than the parents of unvaccinated children(P<0.05 for 17/18 questions).CONCLUSION The knowledge and awareness among the parents about hepatitis B is *** Increasing knowledge/awareness about HBV among parents may improve Hep-B3 vaccination coverage.

关键词： Hepatitis B Viral hepatitis Cirrhosis Hepatocellular carcinoma Hepatotropic viruses Transfusion transmitted infection Mother to child transmission

Preoperative Serum Albumin Levels and Postoperative Acute Kidney Injury in Off-Pump Coronary Artery Bypass Surgery: A Single-Center Study in Bangladesh

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World Journal of Cardiovascular Surgery 2024年第8期14卷 131-144页

作者： Ahmad Pear Salahuddin Md. Abir Tazim Chowdhury Munama Magdum Dewan Iftakher Reza Chowdhury Nittya nanda Pal Md. Nahedul Morshed Md. Zafar-Al-Nimari Latifa Nasrin Farooque Ahmed Department of Cardiac Surgery National Heart Foundation Hospital and Research Institute (NHFH&RI) Dhaka Bangladesh Department of Cardiothoracic and Vascular Surgery Evercare Hospital Dhaka Dhaka Bangladesh National Institute of Preventive and Social Medicine Dhaka Bangladesh Mother and Child Welfare Center Cumilla Bangladesh

Background: Serum albumin, a vital plasma protein, helps maintain intravascular colloidal osmotic pressure, cardiac output, and renal function. Low preoperative serum albumin is linked to poor outcomes, including acute kidney injury (AKI), after off-pump coronary artery bypass (OPCAB) surgery. This study aimed to assess the relationship between preoperative serum albumin levels and early postoperative renal injury. Methods: This prospective comparative cross-sectional study was conducted from August 2019 to February 2021 at the National Heart Foundation Hospital & Research Institute, Bangladesh. It included 160 adult patients with normal preoperative renal function undergoing OPCAB. Patients were divided into two groups: Group A (serum albumin ≥ 4.0 gm/dl) and Group B (serum albumin Results: Preoperative serum albumin was significantly different between groups (Group A: 4.21 ± 0.05 gm/dl, Group B: 3.69 ± 0.04 gm/dl, p = 0.028). Group B had a higher incidence of hypertension (71.25% vs. 51.25%, p st and 3rd postoperative days were higher in Group B (p th day. Postoperative AKI occurred in 18.75% of Group A and 36.25% of Group B. Multivariate regression indicated that low preoperative serum albumin is an independent risk factor for postoperative AKI (p = 0.012, OR = 1.815, CI: 0.675 - 1.162). Conclusion: Preoperative serum albumin level is a valuable predictor of postoperative renal function. Ensuring high normal serum albumin levels before surgery can help minimize the risk of postoperative AKI.

关键词： Serum Albumin Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) Off-Pump Coronary Artery Bypass Surgery Bangladesh

A state-of-the-art review of solar passive building system for heating or cooling purpose

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Frontiers in Energy 2016年第3期10卷 347-354页

作者： Arun Kumar nanda C K PANIGRAHI Birla Institute of Technology Mesra Ranchiranchi 835215 India School of Electrical Engineering Kalinga Institute of Industrial Technology Bhubaneswar 751024 India

The major portion of energy in a building is consumed by heating, ventilating, and air-conditioning （HVAC）. The traditional heating and cooling systems contribute greatly to the emission of greenhouse gases, especially carbon dioxide. Four different ways, i.e., Trombe wall, solar chimney, unglazed transpired solar facade, and solar roof, are adopted for solar heating. Similarly, two major ways, i.e., evaporative cooling and building integrated evaporative cooling are adopted for cooling of the building. Therefore, an attempt has been made in this paper to compile the developments of solar heating and cooling technologies in a building.

关键词： HVAC heating cooling solar heating carbondioxide (CO2) emissions

A Novel Optimizer in Deep Neural Network for Diabetic Retinopathy Classification

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Computer Systems Science & Engineering 2022年第12期43卷 1099-1110页

作者： Pranamita nanda N.Duraipandian Department of Computer Science and Engineering Velammal Institute of TechnologyChennai601204TamilnaduIndia Department of Computer Science and Engineering Saveetha Engineering CollegeChennai602105TamilnaduIndia

In severe cases, diabetic retinopathy can lead to blindness. For decades,automatic classification of diabetic retinopathy images has been a challenge. Medical image processing has benefited from advances in deep learning systems. Toenhance the accuracy of image classification driven by Convolutional Neural Network (CNN), balanced dataset is generated by data augmentation method followed by an optimized algorithm. Deep neural networks (DNN) are frequentlyoptimized using gradient (GD) based techniques. Vanishing gradient is the maindrawback of GD algorithms. In this paper, we suggest an innovative algorithm, tosolve the above problem, Hypergradient Descent learning rate based Quasi hyperbolic (HDQH) gradient descent to optimize the weights and biases. The algorithms only use first order gradients, which reduces computation time andstorage space requirements. The algorithms do not require more tuning of thelearning rates as the learning rate tunes itself by means of gradients. We presentempirical evaluation of our algorithm on two public retinal image datasets such asMessidor and DDR by using Resnet18 and Inception V3 architectures. The findings of the experiment show that the efficiency and accuracy of our algorithm outperforms the other cutting-edge algorithms. HDQHAdam shows the highestaccuracy of 97.5 on Resnet18 and 95.7 on Inception V3 models respectively.

关键词： CNN diabetic retinopathy data augmentation gradient descent deep learning optimization

Biomineralized and chemically synthesized magnetic nanoparticles:A contrast

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Frontiers of Materials Science 2020年第4期14卷 387-401页

作者： Tanya nanda Ankita RATHORE Deepika SHARMA Present adress:School of Biological and Health Systems Engineering Ira A.Fulton Schools of EngineeringArizona State UniversityTempeAZ 85281USA Present address:Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research(AcSir) CSIR-National Institute of Science Communication and Information Resources(NISCAIR)New Delhi 110067India Institute of Nano Science and Technology Habitat CentreSector 64Mohali 160062India

Magnetic nanoparticles(MNPS)have widely been synthesized through chemical processes for biomedical applications over the past few ***,a new class of MNPs,known as bacterial magnetosomes,has been isolated from magnetotactic bacteria,a natural *** magnetosomes are magnetite or greigite nanocrystals which are biomineralized in the bacterial cell and provide magnet-like properties to *** to MNPs,bacterial magnetosomes are biocompatible,lower in toxicity,and can be easily cleared from the body due to the presence of a phospholipid bilayer around *** also do not demonstrate aggregation,which makes them highly *** this review,we have provided an in-depth comparative account of bacterial magnetosomes and chemically synthesized MNPs in terms of their synthesis,properties,and biomedical *** addition,we have also provided a contrast on how magnetosomes might have the potential to successfully substitute synthetic MNPs in therapeutic and imaging applications.

关键词： bacterial magnetosomes magnetic nanoparticles iron nanoparticles magnetotactic bacteria magnetosomes