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Influence of bean rhizosphere on the biological properties and phosphorus fractionation in the calcareous soils amended with municipal sewage sludge

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Journal of Arid Land 2015年第5期7卷 644-652页

作者： Tahereh RAIESI alireza hosseinpur Hamideh RAIESI Horticultural Science Research Institute Citrus and Subtropical Fruit Research Center Agricultural Research and Education Organization (AREO) Department of Soil Science College of Agriculture Shahrekord University Department of Plant Protection College of Agriculture Guilan University

The biological and chemical conditions of the rhizosphere are known to considerably differ from those of the bulk soil, as a consequence of a range of processes that are induced either directly by the activity of plant roots or indirectly by the stimulation of microbial population and activity in the rhizosphere. Information about phosphorus （P） fractionation in the rhizosphere soils amended with municipal sewage sludge （MSS） is limited, were We carried out greenhouse experiments using a rhizobox in order to evaluate the effects of bean rhizosphere on the various inorganic P （Pi） fractions, organic P （Po）, P in particulate fraction （PF-P）, Olsen-P, dissolved organic C （DOC）, microbial biomass P （MBP） and alkaline phosphatase （ALP） enzyme in 10 calcareous soils amended with MSS （10 g MSS was added to 1 kg soil）. Non-occluded P, occluded P, calcium phosphate and residual P were also quantitated. The results showed that DOC, MBP and ALP activity strongly increased and PF-P and Olsen-P de- creased in the rhizosphere soils compared with in the bulk soils （P〈0.05）. The contents of non-occluded P, oc- cluded P and residuaI-P fractions in the rhizosphere soils were lower than in the bulk soils, while the contents of calcium phosphate and organic P in the rhizosphere soils were higher than in the bulk soils. Simple correlation coefficients showed that P uptake had positive relationship with non-occluded P, occluded P, calcium phosphate fractions and PF-P in the rhizosphere soils. The results suggest that the short-term application of MSS to the cal- careous soils may increase Po and calcium phosphate fractions in the rhizosphere soils, and calcium phosphate fraction is potentially available to crops.

关键词： biological properties mineral phosphorus organic phosphorus semi-arid land

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Effects of sugarcane residue biochar and P fertilizer on P availability and its fractions in a calcareous clay loam soil

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Biochar 2020年第3期2卷 357-367页

作者： Mina Safian Hamidreza Motaghian alireza hosseinpur Department of Soil Science College of AgricultureShahrekord UniversityShahrekordIran

Biochar has the potential to affect the cycle of phosphorus(P),but the underlying mechanisms of its effects remain poorly understood in calcareous *** understanding of the effects of biochar is limited in calcareous soils during ***,this study was conducted to investigate how the availability and mineral fractions of P change after the addition of combined biochar and P fertilizer during incubation in calcareous *** residue(raw SR)and biochar(400℃for 2 h)were added to soils treated with 50 mg kg−1 of P,in the form of Ca(H_(2)PO_(4))_(2)·H_(2)O,at 0.5 and 1%(w/w).The soils were incubated at 25±1℃for 120 *** P(Olsen P)contents and mineral P fractions were measured after various incubation times(7,30,90,and 120 days).Biochar addition remarkably increased the amount of available P when compared with the raw SR treatment and the control condition(P<0.05).After 30 days of incubation,the amount of available P in the soils decreased and remained unchanged *** results indicated that the addition of 50 mg kg−1 of P as fertilizer significantly augmented the labile P and P associated with Fe and Al in all the treatments at all incubation times(P<0.05).In comparison with P treated with raw SR,P associated with Fe and Al was significantly enhanced after biochar addition(P<0.05).Significant correlations were found for available P with labile P and P associated with Fe and *** found that biochar addition could increase available pools,thus improving available P concentrations at various incubation ***,we conclude that sugarcane residue biochar can enhance the available P in calcareous soils.

关键词： Organic amendment Incubation time Available pool

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Application of Kinetic Models in Describing Soil Potassium Release Characteristics and Their Correlations with Potassium Extracted by Chemical Methods

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Pedosphere 2013年第4期23卷 482-492页

作者： A. R. hosseinpur H. R. MOTAGHIAN Department of Soil Science College of Agriculture Shahrekord University

Potassium （K） release characteristics in soil play a significant role in supplying available K. Information on K-release characteristics in soils of central Iran is limited. The objectives of this study were to determine K release characteristics and correlations of K release rate constants with K extracted by different chemical methods in surface soils of ten calcareous soils of central Iran. The kinetics of K release in the soils was determined by successive extraction with 0.01 mol L-1 CaC12 in a period of 2-2017 h at 25±1℃. Soil K was extracted by distilled water, 0.5 mol L-1 MgNO3, 0.002 mol L-1 SrC12, 0.1 mol L-1 BaC12, 0.01 mol L-1 CaC12, 1 mol L-1 NaC1, 1 mol L-1 boiling HNO3, 1 mol L-1 NH4OAC, Mehlich 1, 0.002 mol L-1 SrC12 ＋ 0.05 mol L-1 citric acid, and ammonium bicarbonate-diethylenetriamine pentaacetic acid （AB-DTPA）. A plot of cumulative amounts of K released showed a discontinuity in slope at 168 h. Thus, two equations were applied to two segments of the total reaction time （2-168 and 168-2 017 h）. Cumulative amounts of K released ranged from 55 to 299 mg kg-1 in 2-168 h and from 44 to 119 mg kg-1 in 168-2 017 h. Release kinetics of K in the two time segments conformed fairly well to parabolic diffusion, simplified Elovich, and power function models. There was a wide variation in the K release rate constants. Increasingly higher average concentrations of soil K were extracted by distilled water, Mehlich 1, SrC12, CaC12, SrC12 ＋ citric acid, AB-DTPA, MgNO3, NaCI, NH4OAc, BaCI2, and HNO3. Potassium release rate constants were significantly correlated with K extracted. The results of this study showed that information obtained from mathematical modeling in two reaction time segments can help to estimate the K-supplying power of soils.

关键词： chemical extraction calcareous soils mathematical modeling release rate constant time segments

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