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Using Extreme Value Theory Approaches to Estimate High Quantiles for Stroke Data

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Open Journal of Statistics 2024年第1期14卷 150-162页

作者： Justin Ushize Rutikanga aliou Diop Charline Uwilingiyimana African Institute of Mathematical Sciences Rwandan Center Kigali Rwanda College of Agriculture Animal Sciences and Veterinary Medicine (CAVM) University of Rwanda Musanze Rwanda LERSTAD Gaston Berger University Saint Louis Senegal Department of Statistics Applied to Economy INES Ruhengeri Institute of Applied Sciences Musanze Rwanda

This paper aims to explore the application of Extreme Value Theory (EVT) in estimating the conditional extreme quantile for time-to-event outcomes by examining the functional relationship between ambulatory blood pressure trajectories and clinical outcomes in stroke patients. The study utilizes EVT to analyze the functional connection between ambulatory blood pressure trajectories and clinical outcomes in a sample of 297 stroke patients. The 24-hour ambulatory blood pressure measurement curves for every 15 minutes are considered, acknowledging a censored rate of 40%. The findings reveal that the sample mean excess function exhibits a positive gradient above a specific threshold, confirming the heavy-tailed distribution of data in stroke patients with a positive extreme value index. Consequently, the estimated conditional extreme quantile indicates that stroke patients with higher blood pressure measurements face an elevated risk of recurrent stroke occurrence at an early stage. This research contributes to the understanding of the relationship between ambulatory blood pressure and recurrent stroke, providing valuable insights for clinical considerations and potential interventions in stroke management.

关键词： Censored Data Conditional Extreme Quantile Kernel Estimator Weibull Tail Coefficient

Diversity and Structure of the Woody Stand in a Sudano-Sahelian Transition Zone in Senegal

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Open Journal of Ecology 2024年第1期14卷 1-16页

作者： Oumar Sarr Moustapha B. Sagna Amy Bakhoum Sékouna Diatta aliou Guissé UCAD/FST Laboratory of Ecology and Ecohydrology Dakar Senegal Tessekere Human Environment Observatory (Senegal) IRL 3189 “Environment Health Society” Dakar Senegal

The main objective of the study was to investigate the diversity of the woody stratum of the vegetation in intercommunity rangelands in the department of Koungheul based on an ecological inventory using vegetation surveys. The results indicate a rich flora of 70 species divided into 54 genera and 27 families where Ceasalpiniaceae and Rubiaceae are dominant (5 genera each). They are followed by Combretaceae and Euphorbiacea (4 genera each) and by Capparaceae, Fabaceae and Mimosaceae (3 genera for each family). But at the specific level, it is the Combretaceae which dominates with 10 species and Rubiaceae (7 species). It is more representative at the level of the rural community of Lour Esacale. The different values of vegetation parameters from one site to another indicate variability in community rangeland management practices. The woody stand, dominated by small Combretaceae, shows a relatively stable level of organization with an average equitability of about 45% for the two rural communities studied. Species such as Cordyla pinnata, Sclerocarya birrea, Adansonia digitata and Sterculia setigera contributed strongly to the basal and aerial cover of the overall stand. The regeneration of the stand is very good (about 85% on average) but it represents very few species, especially of the Combretaceae family. This shows a tendency to a progressive loss of species richness in the woody stratum.

关键词： Flora Woody Species Vegetation Surveys Regeneration Kaffrine Region

Habits on Social Networks at Workplace: A Survey of Motivations and Behaviour

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Open Journal of Applied Sciences 2024年第8期14卷 2154-2168页

作者： Thomas Kakou Kouassi Douatia Koné aliou Bamba Aladji Kamagaté Olivier Asseu Yvon Kermarrec Laboratoire des Sciences et Technologies de lInformation et de la Communication (LASTIC) Ecole Superieure Africaine des TIC (ESATIC) Abidjan Cte dIvoire Institut National Polytechnique Houphout Boigny (INPHB) Yamoussoukro Cte dIvoire Departement de Mathematiques Physique et Chimie Universit Plforo Gon Coulibaly (UPGC) Korhogo Cte dIvoire Agence Nationale de la Recherche (ANR) Paris France Laboratoire des Sciences et Techniques de linformation de la Communication et de la Connaissance (Lab-STICC) IMT Atlantique Brest France

This article explores the use of social networks by workers in Abidjan, Côte d’Ivoire, with particular emphasis on a descriptive or quantitative analysis aimed at understanding motivations and methods of use. More than five hundred and fifty questionnaires were distributed, highlighting workers’ preferred digital channels and platforms. The results indicate that the majority use social media through their mobile phones, with WhatsApp being the most popular app, followed by Facebook and LinkedIn. The study reveals that workers use social media for entertainment purposes and to develop professional and social relationships, with 55% unable to live without social media at work for recreational activities. In addition, 35% spend on average 1 to 2 hours on social networks, mainly between 12 p.m. and 2 p.m. It also appears that 46% believe that social networks moderately improve their productivity. These findings can guide marketing strategies, training, technology development and government policies related to the use of social media in the workplace.

关键词： Social Network Social Media Applications Poisson’s Law Statistics Digital Supports Workers Productivity

Morbidity and Mortality Related to Infectious Diseases in the Roi Boudouin Paediatric Ward in Senegal

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Open Journal of Pediatrics 2024年第4期14卷 727-737页

作者： Guillaye Diagne aliou Abdoulaye Ndongo Djeneba Fafa Cissé Sidy Lamine Mbaye Jean Baptiste Niokhor Diouf Fatou Ly Pediatrics Ward of Pikine Hospital Pikine Sngal Pediatrics Ward of Roi Boudouin Hospital Dakar Sngal

Introduction: Infant and child morbidity and mortality linked to infections remain a major concern in both developed and developing countries. The general objective was to determine the characteristics of hospital morbidity and mortality linked to infectious pathologies in the pediatric department of the King Baudouin hospital center in Dakar. Methods: This was a retrospective, descriptive and analytical study focusing on children hospitalized from January 1, 2018 to December 31, 2021 in the pediatric department of the King Baudouin hospital center in Dakar. Results: During the study period, 1474 children were hospitalized for an infectious pathology in the pediatric department. The sex ratio was 1.48. Children aged between one and twelve months represented 34.12%. Morbidity due to respiratory and digestive infections was 42.33% and 33.45%, respectively. Pediatric hospital mortality was 0.75% with a predominance noted in infants between 1 and 12 months (55.86%). Respiratory, digestive infections, sepsis and neurological infections were the main causes of death. Factors associated with mortality were age (1 to 12 months) with p Conclusion: Reducing infant and child mortality linked to infectious diseases remains a crucial challenge to address for improving children’s health. Early detection of related signs, prevention of infections, and adequate care and monitoring of infants and children can contribute to this reduction.

关键词： Morbidity Mortality Infections Children

Development of a Web-Based GIS of Flood Zones in the Municipality of Ouagadougou in Burkina Faso

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Journal of Geographic Information System 2024年第1期16卷 32-43页

作者： Halidou Kafando Blaise Ouedraogo Vincent Nduka Ojeh Andreas Rienow aliou Gadiaga Ibrahim Elh Maman Garba WASCAL Graduate Research Programme on Climate Change and Education Department of Agriculture and Environment Science University of The Gambia Kanifing The Gambia Institute of Environment and Agricultural Research Ouagadougou Burkina Faso Department of Geography Faculty of Social Sciences Taraba State University Jalingo Nigeria Interdisciplinary Geographic Information Science Institute of Geography Ruhr-University Bochum Bochum Germany WASCAL Graduate Research Programme on Climate Change and Human Habitat University of Mina Mina Nigeria

This document describes the creation of an informative Web GIS aimed at mitigating the impacts of flooding in the municipality of Ouagadougou, in Burkina Faso, a region that is highly sensitive to climate change. Burkina Faso, which is undergoing rapid urbanization, faces major natural threats, particularly flooding, as demonstrated by the severe floods of 2009 that caused loss of life, injury, structural damage and economic losses in Ouagadougou. The aim of this research is to develop a web map highlighting the municipality’s flood-prone areas, with a view to informing and raising awareness of flood risk reduction. Using the Leaflet JavaScript mapping library, the study uses HTML, CSS and JavaScript to implement web mapping technology. Data on Ouagadougou’s flood zones is generated by a multi-criteria analysis combining Saaty’s AHP method and GIS in QGIS, integrating seven (7) parameters including hydrography, altitude, slope, rainfall, soil types, land use and soil moisture index. QGIS processes and maps the themes, PostgreSQL with PostGIS serves as the DBMS and GeoServer functions as the map server. The Web GIS platform allows users to visualize the different flood risks, from very low to very high, or the high-risk areas specific to Ouagadougou. The AHP calculations classify the municipality into five flood vulnerability zones: very low (24.48%), low (27.93%), medium (23.01%), high (17.11%) and very high (7.47%). Effective risk management requires communication and awareness-raising. This online mapping application serves as a tool for communication, management and flood prevention in Ouagadougou, helping to mitigate flood-related natural disasters.

关键词： Web GIS Flood Mapping Leaflet JavaScript Mapping Library Analysis Hierarchical Processes (AHP) Climate Change Adaptation Ouagadougou Municipality

Sustainable Management of Biodegradable Waste in Guinea: Effect of Compost on Eggplant and Chilli Crop Yields Pepper

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Agricultural Sciences 2024年第9期15卷 1009-1017页

作者： Mamadou Yaya Baldé Mamadou aliou Diallo Mariama Barry Dian Foula Diallo Mamadouba Bangaly Camara Nyankoï Soropogui Institut de Recherche Environnementale de Guine (IREG) Conakry Guinea Department of Chemistry Gamal Abdel Nasser University of Conakry Conakry Guinea

The fight against insalubrity in large urban and peri-urban agglomerations is a major challenge in developing countries. This problem is compounded by that of sustainable waste management mechanisms. Indeed, the current waste collection system in Guinea has proved inadequate, as moving garbage from point “A” to point “B” is tantamount to “moving the problem”. The aim of this experimental work is to demonstrate the cost-effectiveness and benefits of sustainable waste management. As part of this drive to valorize biodegradable waste, the Waste Management Research Center has undertaken a series of activities ranging from composting organic waste to testing compost on certain crop varieties. An experimental field of 8024 m2 was laid out and treated with 1500 Kg of fine compost in doses ranging from 2.5 to 5 T/ha. Two crop varieties, eggplant and chili, were tested. Compost application increased production yields: 15 to 21 tonnes of eggplant and 10.4 to 11.1 tonnes of chili per hectare. Growth rates compared with usual yields varied from 50% to 64% and from 11% to 17% for eggplant and chili, respectively. This study resulted in an optimum compost dose of 2.5 T/ha for this phase.

关键词： Sustainable Waste Management Compost Eggplant Chilli Yield IREG CREGED

Influence of Topography on the Distribution and Structure of Woody Plants in the Senegalese Sahel (Sandy Ferlo)

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American Journal of Plant Sciences 2024年第1期15卷 14-28页

作者： Moustapha Bassimbe Sagna Aïssatou Ndong Thiam Khoudia Niang Oumar Sarr Aly Diallo Sekouna Diatta Daouda Ngom aliou Guissé Department of Plant Biology Faculty of Science and Technology Cheikh Anta Diop University Dakar Senegal IRL 3189 “Environment Health Society” Tessekere Human Environment Observatory (Senegal) Dakar Senegal Department of Agronomy and Plant Production El Hadji Ibrahima Niasse University Kaolack Senegal Department of Agroforestry Assane Seck University Ziguinchor Senegal

This study describes the floristic composition and structure of a woody stand in the Senegalese Sahel, paying particular attention to the edaphic factors of its floristic composition. A stratified inventory considering the different relief units was adopted. Woody vegetation was surveyed using a dendrometric approach. The results obtained show that the flora is dominated by a few species adapted to drought, such as Balanites aegyptiaca (L.) Del., Calotropis procera Ait. and Boscia senegalensis (Pers.). The distribution of this flora and the structure of the ligneous plants are linked to the topography. In the lowlands, the flora is more diversified and the ligneous plants reach their optimum level of development compared with the higher relief areas. In the lowlands, there are a few woody species which, in the past, were indicative of better climatic conditions. These are Anogeissus leiocarpus (DC.), Commiphora africana (A. Rich.), Feretia apodanthera Del., Loeseneriella africana (A. Smith), Mitragyna inermis (Willd.) and Sclerocarya birrea (A. Rich). It is important that their reintroduction into reforestation projects takes account of their edaphic preference.

关键词： Woody Plants Distribution Topography Ferlo Senegal

Child Victims of Road Traffic Accidents: Epidemiological and Clinical Aspects in the Medical and Surgical Emergency Department of the Donka National Hospital

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Case Reports in Clinical Medicine 2024年第3期13卷 63-72页

作者： Ibrahima Sory Diallo Mamadou Moustapha Diop Amadou Oury Toure Mamadou aliou Doukouré Aîssata Barry M’mah Aminata Bangoura Mariama Sadjo Diallo Abdoulaye Oumare Diallo Salimatou Hassimiou Camara Thierno Mamadou aliou Touré Ouo Ouo Kolié Mohamed Lamine Diallo Fatoumata Binta Diallo Ibrahima Sory Souaré Institute of Child Nutrition and Health Conakry Guinea Department of Pediatrics Donka National Hospital Conakry Guinea UNICEF-Guinea Community Health Section Conakry Guinea Gamal Abdel Nasser University of Conakry Conakry Guinea

Introduction: Children involved in road accidents most often suffer head or limb injuries. The severity of these injuries varies according to the age of the child, the type of road user and whether or not protective devices are used. The aim of this study was to carry out a census of admissions and to identify the epidemiological and clinical profile of children involved in road traffic accidents at Donka National Hospital. Methods: This is a descriptive cross-sectional study of children involved in traffic accidents over a 3-month period from September 1 to November 30, 2021. All children admitted to the emergency department for a traffic accident were included in the study. Results: During the study period, 435/530 children (82.1%) were victims of road accidents. Boys accounted for 54.94% of cases, compared with 45.06% for girls. The age group most affected was 12-17 years old (48.97%). October had the highest accident rate (36.4%). Pedestrians are most affected (52.87%). Bicycles and mopeds were involved in 59.77% of accidents. Head injury was the most frequent pathology (33.33%). The study showed that 12.64% of victims were referred to intensive care, pediatric surgery, etc. We recorded 8 cases of death (1.84%). Conclusion: This study highlighted the characteristics, incidence and risk factors for accidents in children admitted to emergency departments. Accident prevention, particularly serious accidents in children, requires more precise knowledge of the factors and circumstances leading to their occurrence.

关键词： Child Accident Public Highway Donka

Epidemiology of Cardiovascular Mortality in Patients under 60 Years Old in a Cardiology Department in West Africa, Dakar-Senegal

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World Journal of Cardiovascular Diseases 2024年第8期14卷 502-514页

作者： aliou Alassane Ngaide Ngone Diaba Gaye Joseph Salvador Mingou Mame Diarra Sene Momar Dioum Mouhamadou Bamba Ndiaye Alassane Mbaye Abdoul Kane Faculty of Medicine University Cheikh Anta Diop of Dakar Dakar Senegal Cardiology Department Dalal Jamm Hospital Dakar Senegal Cardiology Department Aristide Le Dantec Hospital Dakar Senegal Cardiology Department Idrissa Pouye General Hospital Dakar Senegal Cardiology Department Fann Hospital Dakar Senegal

Background: Our study aimed to examine cardiovascular mortality within the working-age population, exploring epidemiological, clinical, and paraclinical features, complications, and identifying etiological factors linked to mortality. Methods: We conducted a descriptive and analytical retrospective study from September 2019 to August 2022 at the General Hospital Idrissa POUYE in Dakar, we reviewed all the medical records of patients from 15 to 60 years old who died while admitted in the cardiology department. Data collected were socioeconomic status, clinical history, type of cardiovascular disaese, length of hospitalization, circumstances and timing of death. The data were analyzed with R. Studio version 2022.12.0 + 353 and Excel 2019, with a P-value Results: The study included 73 patients, indicating a specific mortality rate of 8.8% and a proportional mortality of 39%. Predominantly male (sex ratio 1.2), the average age was 44. Key cardiovascular risk factors identified were sedentarism (76.7%), hypertension (28.8%), and smoking (21.9%). The leading cause for consultation was dyspnea (72.6%). Notable findings included a majority of patients presenting with general condition deterioration (90%) and cardiovascular collapse upon admission (23.3%). Physical exam revealed signs of heart failure in 63%. Echocardiography showed left ventricular ejection fraction impairment (81%) and pulmonary hypertension (78%). Immediate causes of death were primarily cardiogenic shock (45.2%) and septic shock (37%). The analytical study indicates that the data most closely associated with mortality were age, socio-economic level, ischemic heart disease (p = 0.034), rheumatic valvulopathies, pulmonary embolism (p = 0.034), hypertension (HTA) (p = 0.009), smoking (p = 0.011), diabetes (p = 0.011), dyslipidemias, prolonged bedrest (p = 0.001), morbid obesity (p = 0.001), and COVID-19 infection (p = 0.017). Conclusion: The prevalence of ischemic heart diseases, pulmonary embolisms, and va

关键词： Mortality Under 60 Years Cardiovascular Dakar