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Ecophysiology of Lophira lanceolata Seeds Germination and Conservation Perspectives

American Journal of Plant Sciences 2022年第9期13卷 1167-1182页

作者： aliou dicko Belarmain Fandohan Armand Kuyema Natta Laboratory of Ecology Botany and Plant Biology (LEB) Parakou Benin Ecole de Foresterie Tropicale Université Nationale d’Agriculture (UNA) Ketou Benin Faculty of Agronomy University of Parakou (UP) Parakou Benin

Lophira lanceolata is a multi-purpose woody plant species used by local populations in Benin. Its seeds are used for the manufacture of edible vegetable oil and also for medicinal care. However, reproduction by seed of this plant species is compromised not only by the multiple uses made of the seeds, but also by the difficulties of germination in the natural environment. Several ecological factors could explain this difficulty of germination. In this study, we investigated the species seeds ecophysiology in order to develop seedlings production techniques for its reintroduction. Beta regression was performed to test the effect of water, light and provenance on seeds germination rate. The germination speed was expressed as the median germination time. The results showed that the germination rate was better under light conditions (β = 0.77674 ± 0.14954, Z = 5.194, p < 0.0000). The germination rate decreased as the frequency of watering increased (β = -0.28222 ± 0.14809, Z = -1.906, p = 0.0567). The best provenance was the phytodistrict of Atacora chain. The cumulative germination rate reached 50% after 54 days for seeds collected from Atacora chain and after 57 days under light conditions. Regarding the level of watering, the germination rate remained below 50% regardless the treatment. The germination speed was higher for seeds collected from Atacora chain and that have germinated under light conditions and watered twice a week. For the sustainable management of L. lanceolata, domestication by establishment of plantations by rural communities is recommended based on seeds from Atacora chain.

关键词： Benin Germination Speed Oilseed Phytodistrict Recalcitrant Seed West Africa

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Assessing Morphological Traits Variation and Fruit Production of <i>Lophira lanceolata</i>(Ochnaceae) in Benin

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American Journal of Plant Sciences 2019年第6期10卷 1048-1060页

作者： aliou dicko Armand Kuyéma Natta Honoré Samadori S. Biaou Arcadius Akossou Laboratory of Ecology Botany and Plant Biology (LEB) Parakou Benin Faculty of Agronomy University of Parakou (UP) Parakou Benin

Lophira lanceolata is an oleaginous tree species whose fruit is used for vegetable oil production in Benin. The present study highlighted the fruit production and characterization of the morphological traits of the fruits and seeds of this species. A total of 196 mature trees in production were randomly sampled in Borgou-Nord, Borgou-Sud and Atacora Chain phytodistricts. Descriptors were characterized globally at the level of phytodistricts surveyed. Pearson correlation test stands out the relationships between the different descriptors. The effect of phytodistricts on fruit production was analyzed using a Generalized Linear Model (GLM) and the variation of morphological traits between phytodistricts was examined through Kruskal-Wallis test. Finally, SMA regression was used to test the influence of the phytodistrict on the relationship between L. lanceolata seed and fruit weight. This study revealed that there is a positive and significant correlation between the morphological traits of fruits and those of seeds. Trees descriptors (e.g. total height, diameter at breast height, and leaf petiole length) predict fruit production of L. lanceolata, but are not significantly correlated with fruit and seed traits. In the Atacora Chain phytodistrict, breeding trees are entering production with small diameter, low height and produce little number of fruits per tree with higher weight, unlike the Borgou-Nord and Borgou-Sud phytodistricts. These results can be useful in the selection of early breeding tree in Atacora Chain phytodistrict and high-yielding trees from individuals in the Borgou-Nord and Borgou-Sud phytodistricts.

关键词： False Shea Phenotypic Traits Fruit Production Phytodistricts Conservation

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Synergistic Effect of Anthropogenic Disturbances on Offspring Demography of <i>Pentadesma butyracea</i>(Clusiaceae), a Threatened Tree Species in Benin (West-Africa)

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American Journal of Plant Sciences 2019年第8期10卷 1374-1390页

作者： M’Mouyohoun Kouagou Olivier E. B. Ahouandjinou Laurent Houessou aliou dicko Armand Kuyema Natta Laboratory of Ecology Botany and Plant Biology Parakou Republic of Benin Faculty of Agronomy University of Parakou Parakou Republic of Benin

Understanding how ecological differences and anthropogenic disturbances synergistically drive population dynamics decline is critical for optimal management strategy definition. Main anthropogenic disturbances such as habitat size reduction, fire and non-timber forest harvest affect demographic processes but our understanding of their interaction effects in contrasted ecological conditions is limited. We investigated the interaction effects of fruit harvest, fire, gallery forest size and distance to streambed on density, recruitment, survival and growth of Pentadesma butyracea offspring in dry and moist ecological conditions. We randomly selected in each ecological region six P. butyracea populations. We then established in each population, 10 subplots of 100 m2 within 1 ha to assess offspring demographic performance from 2015 to 2017. Results showed that fire suppressed the positive effect of large habitat size and amplified the negative effect of increasing local aridity on offspring growth. Fire and harvest synergistically reduced growth whereas offspring growth was resilient to fire in moist ecological region. Moist ecological conditions mitigated the negative effect of harvest on growth. Harvest mitigated the surprise negative effect of large habitat size on survival. However, in large gallery size, high harvest limited clonal recruitment and growth. There was a positive interaction effect between harvest and distance to streambed on survival (High harvest, Z = 2.045, p = 0.041, Medium, Z = 2.060, p = 0.039) but a negative interaction effect on growth (High, t = -2.357, p 0.05). Clonal offspring grew faster than sexual offspring in high harvest populations. In moist region, offspring survived better in large gallery forest size. In 2017, survival and growth were lower in large gallery forest. In 2017, offspring growth was higher near the riverbed where the survival rate low. This study suggests that management strategies should consider the interaction effects

关键词： Fire Habitat Size Reduction Multiple Stressors Pentadesma butyracea Survival-Growth Trade-Off

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Influence of anthropic and eco-hydrological factors on the floristic diversity of the herbaceous vegetation around the temporary ponds in Ferlo,northern Senegal

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Journal of Plant Ecology 2022年第1期15卷 26-38页

作者： Ndiabou Faye Aly Diallo Moustapha BassimbéSagna Jean Luc Peiry Papa Saliou Sarr aliou Guisse Département de Biologie Végétale UniversitéCheikh Anta DiopDakarSenegal IRL3189 Environment SantéSociétésCentre National de la Recherche Scientifiques(CNRS)ParisFrance IRL3189 Environnement SantéSociétésUniversitéCheikh Anta DiopDakarSenegal Observatoire international Hommes Milieux-OHMi Tessekere UniversitéCheikh Anta DiopDakarSenegal Observatoire international Hommes Milieux-OHMi Tessekere Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique(CNRS)ParisFrance Departement d’Agroforesterie UniversitéAssane Seck de ZiguinchorZinguinchorSenegal Département de Géographie Universitéde Clermont FerrandClermont-FerrandFrance Japan International Research Center for Agricultural Sciences(JIRCAS) TsukubaIbarakiJapan

Temporary ponds play substantial roles in preserving biodiversity in the *** study investigated the influence of anthropic and eco-hydrological factors on the plant diversity around two grazed ponds and one ungrazed pond in Ferlo,northern *** phytoecological transects were established per *** each transect,homogenous herbaceous vegetation units were identified and characterized(herbaceous cover,exposure,soil texture,soil moisture and pH,average height and slope).The herbaceous flora comprised 55 species,41 genera and 22 families across the three *** of the Poaceae,particularly Eragrostis tremula and Enteropogon prieurii,mostly colonized the grazed ponds,while the ungrazed pond favored other families’species such as Achyranthes sp.,Commelina forsskaolii,Corchorus *** Shannon’s diversity index(H′)of Wendu Marodi(ungrazed pond)was slightly higher(4.9 bits)than that of Belel Lougal and Belel Sow(grazed ponds)with 4.8 and 4.5 bits,*** equitability indices were relatively high in the three ponds(0.85,0.83 and 0.78).Eco-ecological factors distinguished four species’groupings:a Tribulus terrestris grouping colonizing the constraining and over-grazed zones,a Digitaria horizontalis grouping,and Chloris barbata grouping found in the transition zones,and an Achyranthes aspera grouping in the wetlands,where woody plants were strongly present and the anthropic action *** study highlighted the importance of maintaining a landscape mosaic of ungrazed or semi-protected ponds and grazed ponds to preserve the herbaceous floristic diversity in the center of Ferlo(Senegal)and the Sahel in general.

关键词： ponds Ferlo grazing herbaceous vegetation transect

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Physical separation from the mate diminishes male＇s attentiveness towards other females： a study in monogamous prairie voles Microtus ochrogaster

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Current Zoology 2017年第5期63卷 537-544页

作者： Christine J. DELEVAN Natalia A. RODRIGUEZ Karine M. LEGZIM Fayeza aliou Jamie T. PARKER Maryam BAMSHAD Department of Biological Sciences Lehman College--The City University of New York Bronx NY 10468 USA

We tested whether continuous cohabitation in monogamous voles affects the mated male＇s atten-tiveness to his breeding partner versus another female. Each male was housed in a 3-chamber ap-paratus with a Focal female （FF） and a Control female （CF） for 13 days then placed in a T-maze toassess his attentiveness to and memory of those females. The Distal male remained physically sep-arated from both females, but received their distal cues. The Separate male cohabited with the FFfor 3 days then remained physically separated from both females. The Disrupt male＇s continuouscohabitation with the FF was disrupted by having him physically separated from her after 10 daysand placed with the CF for the last 3 days. The Continuous male cohabited continuously with the FFfor 13 days. With females in the T-maze, the Separate and Disrupt males spent more time near theFF＇s box and the Disrupt males spent more time manipulating the FF＇s box than the CF＇s box. TheSeparate males groomed themselves more when near the FF＇s box than the CF＇s box. The Distaland Continuous males＇ attentiveness to the two females did not differ. Results suggest that phys-ical distance from the partner may reduce male＇s attentiveness toward other potential *** voles might be similar to socially monogamous primates in using tactile cues as a signal formaintaining their social bonds.

关键词： attachment, monogamy, partner preference, partner separation, social cognition.

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Tail Behavior of Threshold Models with Innovations in the Domain of Attraction of the Double Exponential Distribution

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Applied Mathematics 2011年第5期2卷 515-520页

作者： aliou Diop Saliou Diouf 不详

We consider a two-regime threshold autoregressive model where the driving noises are sequences of independent and identically distributed random variables with common distribution function which belongs to the domain of attraction of double exponential distribution. If in addition, for each and where denotes the convolution of the distribution function and we determine the tail behavior of the process and give the exact values of the coefficient.

关键词： Tail Behavior Domain of Attraction Convolution Tails Stochastic Recurrence Equation Threshold Autoregressive Model

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Global Dryland Ecosystem Programme(G-DEP):Africa consultative meeting report

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Journal of Arid Land 2020年第3期12卷 538-544页

作者： PENG Yu FU Bojie ZHANG Linxiu YU Xiubo FU Chao Salif DIOP Hubert HIRWA aliou GUISSE LI Fadong State Key Laboratory of Ecosystem Network Observation and Modeling Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources ResearchChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology Research Center for Eco-Environmental SciencesChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100085China International Ecosystem Management Partnership United Nations Environment ProgrammeBeijing 100101China National Academy of Sciences of Senegal P.O.Box 4344 Dakar RPSenegal Faculty of Science and Technology University Cheikh Anta Diop of DakarP.O.Box 5005 Dakar-FannSenegal

In order to enhance and restore the ecosystems of natural capital in African arid regions,the Global Dryland Ecosystem Programme(G-DEP)consultative meeting was hosted in Dakar,Senegal,from 23 to 25 September *** paper details the first African meeting of the *** meeting reviewed preceding dryland ecosystems case studies,identified vulnerable arid and semi-arid regions,and proposed sustainable solutions to *** also identified the successes and failures of previous attempts to improve vulnerable ecosystems and ultimately formed an action plan to improve these ***,ecosystems,and livelihoods for Sustainable Development Goals(SDGs),Great Green Wall Initiative(GGWI)for Sahara and Sahel,and China-Africa cooperation on science,technology,and innovation are three extra main sections concerned of the ***,more specific topics as the complicated relationship between these natural processes and human activity,including pastoralism,soil restoration,and vegetation regenerate techniques,were fully *** meeting also identified the positive effects international collaboration can have on dryland regions,specifically in the capacity of sharing information,technology,and innovation on purpose to develop a joint proposal for long-term research programs in African arid and semi-arid ***,meetings that review the progress made on ecosystem management for the sustainable livelihoods in Africa,identification of priority areas,and the development and implementation of ecosystem programs for proper research and collaboration in African arid and semi-arid zones,have been proposed as strategic recommendations to enhance the global partnership for sustainable ***,as the outcomes of the workshop,there are three steps proposed to handle African dryland climate changes,several aspects suggested to solve current dilemmas of the GGWI,and a series of actions recommended for G-DEP related activities

关键词： Africa Global Dryland Ecosystem Programme(G-DEP) dryland ecosystem consultation Sustainable Development Goals Great Green Wall Initiative(GGWI)

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Functional Kernel Estimation of the Conditional Extreme Quantile under Random Right Censoring

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Open Journal of Statistics 2021年第1期11卷 162-177页

作者： Justin Ushize Rutikanga aliou Diop Institut de Mathématiques et de Sciences Physiques (IMSP-UAC) Porto-Novo Bénin LERSTAD Université Gaston Berger Saint Louis Sénégal

The study of estimation of conditional extreme quantile in incomplete data frameworks is of growing interest. Specially, the estimation of the extreme value index in a censorship framework has been the purpose of many investigations when finite dimension covariate information has been considered. In this paper, the estimation of the conditional extreme quantile of a heavy-tailed distribution is discussed when some functional random covariate (i.e. valued in some infinite-dimensional space) information is available and the scalar response variable is right-censored. A Weissman-type estimator of conditional extreme quantiles is proposed and its asymptotic normality is established under mild assumptions. A simulation study is conducted to assess the finite-sample behavior of the proposed estimator and a comparison with two simple estimations strategies is provided.

关键词： Kernel Estimator Functional Data Censored Data Conditional Extreme Quantile Heavy-Tailed Distributions

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Method of Successive Approximations for a Fluid Structure Interaction Problem

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Applied Mathematics 2014年第15期5卷 2299-2304页

作者： aliou Gueye Sow Ibrahima Mbaye Department of Mathematics University of Thies Thies Senegal

In this paper, we present a method for solving coupled problem. This method is mainly based on the successive approximations method. The external force acting on the structure is replaced by λ = p (x1, H + u (x1, λ)). Then we have a nonlinear equation of unknown?λ to solve by successive approximations method. By this method, we obtain easily the analytic expression of the displacement. In addition, good results are obtained with only a few iterations.

关键词： Beam Equation Stokes Equation Finite Elements Method Successive Approximations Method

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Evaluation of the Physical and Chemical Fertility of Soils in the Sylvopastoral Zone: Case of the Pilot Site of the National Institute of Pedology in the Commune of Kelle Gueye (Louga/Senegal)

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Journal of Geographic Information System 2022年第5期14卷 503-515页

作者： Niang aliou Ndao Mohamed Lamine Silvopastoral Zone National Institute of Pedology (INP/Louga) Louga Sénégal Department of Land Planning Environment and Urban Management Graduate School of Applied Economics (ESEA) Cheikh Anta Diop University Dakar Senegal

The study of the reference state of the physico-chemical fertility of the soils of the pilot site of the National Institute of Pedology in the commune of Kelle Gueye to test the effect of phosphocomposte on cowpea and groundnut, allowed us to better understand the aptitudes of the above-mentioned crops. The methodology used consisted of taking soil samples on a regular 25 m grid, carrying out complete physico-chemical analyses at the INP laboratory and an analysis of climatic parameters. The results obtained were used to produce thematic maps to better interpret the various parameters. The physico-chemical analyses at the 0 - 20 cm horizon show a pH (6.1 - 7.9) close to neutral and a non-saline soil (EC < 250 μS/cm). The site is poor in organic matter;it is of the order of 0.1 ≤ MO ≤ 0.9. The granulometric results determined from a laser granulometry which gives more precision, show that the soils have a texture dominated by fine sands with more than 50% in the site. This study reveals that the site is suitable for groundnut and cowpea cultivation. However, some chemical parameters need to be improved to make the soil more fertile.

关键词： Thematic Maps Physico-Chemical Analysis Phosphocomposting

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