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Templated synthesis of transition metal phosphide electrocatalysts for oxygen and hydrogen evolution reactions

Journal of Energy Chemistry 2024年第2期89卷 646-669,I0014页

作者： Rose Anne Acedera alicia Theresse Dumlao DJ Donn Matienzo Maricor Divinagracia Julie Anne del Rosario Paraggua Po-Ya Abel Chuang Joey Ocon Laboratory of Electrochemical Engineering(LEE) Department of Chemical EngineeringUniversity of the PhilippinesDilimanQuezon City 1101Philippines Mechanical Engineering University of CaliforniaMercedCA 95343USA Energy Engineering Program College of EngineeringUniversity of the PhilippinesDilimanQuezon City 1101Philippines

Transition metal phosphides(TMPs)have been regarded as alternative hydrogen evolution reaction(HER)and oxygen evolution reaction(OER)catalysts owing to their comparable activity to those of noble metal-based *** have been produced in various morphologies,including hollow and porous nanostructures,which are features deemed desirable for electrocatalytic *** synthesis routes are often responsible for such *** paper reviews the latest advances and existing challenges in the synthesis of TMP-based OER and HER catalysts through templated methods.A comprehensive review of the structure-property-performance of TMP-based HER and OER catalysts prepared using different templates is *** discussion proceeds according to application,first by HER and further divided among the types of templates used-from hard templates,sacrificial templates,and soft templates to the emerging dynamic hydrogen bubble *** catalysts are then reviewed and grouped according to their ***,prospective research directions for the synthesis of hollow and porous TMP-based catalysts,such as improvements on both activity and stability of TMPs,design of environmentally benign templates and processes,and analysis of the reaction mechanism through advanced material characterization techniques and theoretical calculations,are suggested.

关键词： OER HER Transition metal phosphide Templated synthesis Electrocatalysts

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On-the-fly precision spectroscopy with a dual-modulated tunable diode laser and Hz-level referencing to a cavity

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Advanced Photonics 2024年第4期6卷 36-44页

作者： Shuangyou Zhang Toby Bi Pascal del’Haye Max Planck Institute for the Science of Light ErlangenGermany Friedrich-Alexander Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg Department of PhysicsErlangenGermany

Advances in laser spectroscopy have enabled many scientific breakthroughs in physics,chemistry,biology,and *** frequency combs pushed measurement limits with ultrahigh-frequency accuracy and fast-measurement speed,while tunable-diode-laser spectroscopy is used in scenarios that require high power and continuous spectral *** these advantages of tunable-diode-laser spectroscopy,it is challenging to precisely determine the instantaneous laser frequency because of fluctuations in the scan ***,we demonstrate a simple spectroscopy scheme with a frequencymodulated diode laser that references the laser on-the-fly to a fiber *** fiber cavity's free spectral range is on-the-fly calibrated with sub-10-Hz frequency *** achieve a relative precision of the laser frequency of 2×10^(-8)for an 11-THz frequency range at a measurement speed of 1 THz∕*** is an improvement of more than 2 orders of magnitude compared to existing diode-laser-spectroscopy *** scheme provides precise frequency calibration markers,while simultaneously tracking the instantaneous scan speed of the *** demonstrate the versatility of our method through various applications,including dispersion measurement of a fiber,ultrahigh-Q microresonators,and spectroscopy of a hydrogen fluoride gas *** simplicity,robustness,and low cost of this spectroscopy scheme are valuable for out-of-the-lab applications like lidar and environmental monitoring.

关键词： tunable laser spectroscopy radio-frequency modulation integrated photonics gas spectroscopy frequency comb

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Common interacting genetic variation shapes susceptibility to type 1 diabetes in a Colombian Caribbean community:In search of shared genetic markers

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Genes & Diseases 2024年第4期11卷 106-108页

作者： Gloria Garavito-De Egea Alex Dominguez-Vargas Jorg e l.Velez Gustavo Aroca Luis Fagng Elkin Navarro-Quiroz Zilac Espitaleta Kenny del toro-Camargo Leticia Martinez-Ariza Tatiana Gonzalez-Vargas Susana Garcia Mauricio Arcos-Burgos Eduardo Egea Universidad del Norte Division Ciencias de la SaludBarranquillaColombia Universidad Simon Bolivar Facultad de Ciencias de la SaludBarranquillaColombia Clinica de la Costa Grupo de Investigacion en NefrologiaBarranquillaColombia Universidad de Antioquia Grupo de Investigacion en Psiquiatria(GIPSI)Departamento de PsiquiatriaInstituto de Investigaciones MedicasFacultad de MedicinaMedellinColombia

Genome-wide association studies(GWASs)have identified hundreds of loci across the human genome conferring susceptibility to autoimmune diseases(AIDs),some of which are shared between more than two ***,this univariate ... 详细信息

关键词： susceptibility diseases diabetes

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Advancing hepatic recompensation:Baveno VII criteria and therapeutic innovations in liver cirrhosis management

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2024年第23期30卷 2954-2958页

作者： Lorenzo Ridola Sara del Cioppo Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences and Biotechnologies Sapienza University of RomePolo PontinoRome 00185Italy

The Baveno VII criteria redefine the management of decompensated liver cirrhosis,introducing the concept of hepatic recompensation marking a significant departure from the conventional view of irreversible *** to this concept is addressing the underlying cause of cirrhosis through tailored therapies,including antivirals and lifestyle *** on alcohol,hepatitis C virus,and hepatitis B virus-related cirrhosis demonstrate the efficacy of these interventions in improving liver function and patient *** intrahepatic portosystemic shunt(TIPS)emerges as a promising intervention,effectively resolving complications of portal hypertension and facilitating ***,optimal timing and patient selection for TIPS remain *** challenges,TIPS offers renewed hope for hepatic recompensation,marking a significant advancement in cirrhosis *** research is needed to refine its implementation and maximize its *** conclusion,TIPS stands as a promising avenue for improving hepatic function and patient outcomes in decompensated liver cirrhosis within the framework of the Baveno VII criteria.

关键词： Hepatic recompensation Baveno VII Transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt Portal hypertension Cirrhosis Decompensation

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Experimental implementation of phase triplicator gratings in a spatial light modulator

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Chinese Optics Letters 2024年第2期22卷 64-69页

作者：高尚 María del Mar Sánchez-López Ignacio Moreno Instituto de Bioingeniería Universidad Miguel HernándezElche 03202Spain Departamento de Física Aplicada Universidad Miguel HernándezElche 03202Spain Departamento de Ciencia de Materiales Óptica y Tec.Electr´onicaUniversidad Miguel HernándezElche 03202Spain

In this work,we compare different methods for implementing a triplicator,a phase grating that generates three equiintense diffraction *** design with optimal efficiency features a continuous phase profile,which cannot be easily reproduced,and is typically affected by *** compare its performance with binary and sinusoidal phase *** also analyze the effect of quantizing the phase ***,a random approach is adopted to eliminate the additional harmonic *** all cases,a liquid-crystal-on-silicon spatial light modulator is employed to experimentally verify and compare the different approaches.

关键词： diffraction gratings phase modulation triplicator spatial light modulators

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The Role of the Spatial Network in Urban Disaster Risk Variations:Reimagining the Notion of Spatial Vulnerability at the Urban Scale

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International Journal of Disaster Risk Science 2024年第3期15卷 303-316页

作者： Monia del Pinto Ksenia Chmutina Falli Palaiologou Lee Bosher School of Architecture Building and Civil Engineering Loughborough University School of Business University of Leicester

The notion of “spatial vulnerability” is present in most disaster studies with a strong geographical connotation and accordingly is adopted at all scales, including the urban. While enabling mapping and visualizing risk patterns at macroscales, this geocentric foundation fails to capture disaster risk dynamics associated with the urban spatial network—an element that plays a significant role in the everyday and emergency functioning of cities, enabling users' movement and interaction. Yet,urban vulnerability assessment overlooks this aspect and thus leaves urban disaster risk mechanisms partially *** study investigated the role of the network of urban public open spaces(UPOS) in the creation and progression of urban disaster risk in earthquake-prone settlements. Through a multimethod approach that integrates quantitative and qualitative methods and explores spatial configuration, planning policies, and practices of use of UPOS in everyday and emergency scenarios, our study demonstrated that UPOS configuration plays an active role in urban disaster risk. Urban public open spaces impact risk by influencing the exposure of pedestrians and their capacity for self-protection. The study further reconceptualized spatial vulnerability at the urban scale, as the fraction of vulnerability associated to the spatial network, highlighting the interplay of planning policies and spatial practices in its production and progression. Our findings make the notion of spatial vulnerability less ambiguous at the urban scale, by viewing the variable as an imbalance in capacities and exposure that generates spatially unsafe conditions. This refined conceptualization of spatial vulnerability becomes a lens for a more granular approach to urban disaster risk reduction and city planning by identifying and integrating sociospatial considerations.

关键词： Central Italy Earthquakes Pedestrian evacuation Space syntax Spatial vulnerability Urban disaster risk

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Litterfall production modeling based on climatic variables and nutrient return from stands of Eucalyptus grandis Hill ex Maiden and Pinus taeda L.

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Journal of Forestry Research 2024年第5期35卷 26-36页

作者： Andrés Baietto Andrés Hirigoyen Jorge Hernández Amabelia del Pino Forest Department Faculty of AgronomyUniversity of the Republic12900 MontevideoUruguay National Research Program of Forest Production National Agriculture Research InstituteINIA97000 TacuarembóUruguay Soil and Water Department Faculty of AgronomyUniversity of the Republic12900 MontevideoUruguay

Native grasslands in the Pampas of South America are increasingly being replaced by Eucalyptus and Pinus *** short rotation regimes used for the stands require high nutrient levels,with litterfall being a major source of nutrient *** model the litterfall production using climatic variables and assess the nutrient return in 14-year-old Eucalyptus grandis and Pinus taeda stands,we measured litter production over 2 years,using conical litter traps,and monitored climatic *** temperature,accumulated precipitation,and mean maximum vapor pres-sure deficit at the seasonal level influenced litterfall produc-tion by ***;seasonal accumulated precipitation and mean maximum temperature affected litterfall by *** regression tree modeling based on these climatic vari-ables had great accuracy and predictive power for ***(N=33;MAE(mean absolute error)=0.65;RMSE(root mean square error)=0.91;R^(2)=0.71)and ***(N=108;MAE=1.50;RMSE=1.59;R^(2)=0.72).The nutrient return followed a similar pattern to litterfall deposition,as well as the order of importance of macronutrients(***:Ca>N>K>Mg>P;***:N>Ca>K>Mg>P)and micronutrients(*** and ***:Mn>Fe>Zn>Cu)in both *** study constitutes a first approximation of factors that affect litterfall and nutrient return in these systems.

关键词： Afforestation Litterfall Nutrient recycling Climate modeling Myrtaceae Pinaceae

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Genome-resolved metagenomics of Venice Lagoon surface sediment bacteria reveals high biosynthetic potential and metabolic plasticity as successful strategies in an impacted environment

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Marine Life Science & Technology 2024年第1期6卷 126-142页

作者： Elisa Banchi Erwan Corre Paola del Negro Mauro Celussi Francesca Malfatti National Institute of Oceanography and Applied Geophysics OGS TriesteItaly FR2424 Station Biologique de RoscoffPlateforme ABiMS(Analysis and Bioinformatics for Marine Science)Sorbonne Universite CNRS29680 RoscoffFrance Department of Life Sciences University of TriesteTriesteItaly

Bacteria living in sediments play essential roles in marine ecosystems and deeper insights into the ecology and biogeochemistry of these largely unexplored organisms can be obtained from‘omics’***,we characterized metagenome-assembled-genomes(MAGs)from the surface sediment microbes of the Venice Lagoon(northern Adriatic Sea)in distinct sub-basins exposed to various natural and anthropogenic *** were explored for biodiversity,major marine metabolic processes,anthropogenic activity-related functions,adaptations at the microscale,and biosynthetic gene *** from 126 MAGs,a non-redundant dataset of 58 was compiled,the majority of which(35)belonged to(Alpha-and Gamma-)*** the broad microbial metabolic repertoire(including C,N,and S metabolisms)the potential to live without oxygen emerged as one of the most important *** was also found as a successful *** analysis showed that different MAGs encoded the same metabolic patterns(e.g.,C fixation,sulfate oxidation)thus suggesting metabolic *** and toxic compounds resistance genes were coupled,a condition that could promote the spreading of these genetic *** showed a high biosynthetic potential related to antimicrobial and biotechnological classes and to organism defense and interactions as well as adaptive strategies for micronutrient uptake and cellular *** results highlighted that bacteria living in an impacted environment,such as the surface sediments of the Venice Lagoon,may benefit from metabolic plasticity as well as from the synthesis of a wide array of secondary metabolites,promoting ecosystem resilience and stability toward environmental pressures.

关键词： Antibiotic resistance PAHs Biosynthetic gene clusters Microscale Mobilome Resistome

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The role of MRI in modifying surgical management of colorectal liver metastases:a lesson from the CAMINO trial

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Hepatobiliary Surgery and Nutrition 2024年第5期13卷 837-840页

作者： Marco Palucci Celeste del Basso Fabio Giannone Robotic Oncological and HPB SurgeryAOU SS Antonio e Biagio e Cesare ArrigoAlessandriaItaly

The CAMINO trial by Görgec et al.(1)assessed the added diagnostic value of contrast-enhanced(CE)magnetic resonance imaging(MRI)using gadoxetic acid and diffusion-weighted imaging for patients with colorectal liver metastases(CRLMs)scheduled for curative treatment(surgical resection,thermal ablation,or both).The study explored how often liver(MRI)changes therapeutic strategy compared to using only a CE computed tomography(CT)*** MRI’s widespread use in staging for CRLMs,guidelines remain vague,leaving decisions to the surgeon’s preference and expertise.

关键词： Magnetic resonance imaging(MRI) colorectal liver metastasis(CRLM) CAMINO trial

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Pull the fuzes:Processing protein precursors to generate apoplastic danger signals for triggering plant immunity

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Plant Communications 2024年第8期5卷 113-136页

作者： Daniele del Corpo Daniele Coculo Marco Greco Giulia De Lorenzo Vincenzo Lionetti Department of Biology and Biotechnology“Charles Darwin ”Sapienza University of RomeRomeItaly

The apoplast is one of the first cellular compartments outside the plasma membrane encountered by phytopathogenic microbes in the early stages of plant tissue *** have developed sophisticated surveillance mechanisms to sense danger events at the cell surface and promptly activate ***,a fine tuning of the activation of immune pathways is necessary to mount a robust and effective defense *** endogenous proteins and enzymes are synthesized as inactive precursors,and their post-translational processing has emerged as a critical mechanism for triggering alarms in the *** this review,we focus on the precursors of phytocytokines,cell wall remodeling enzymes,and *** physiological events that convert inactive precursors into immunomodulatory active peptides or enzymes are *** review also explores the functional synergies among phytocytokines,cell wall damage-associated molecular patterns,and remodeling,highlighting their roles in boosting extracellular immunity and reinforcing defenses against pests.

关键词： apoplast immunity activation post-translational processing cell wall proteases pro-peptides proenzymes phytocytokines cell-wall remodeling enzymes phytopathogenic microbes plant immunity

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