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Long-term monitoring of cycles in Clethrionomys rutilus in the Yukon boreal forest

Integrative Zoology 2024年第1期19卷 27-36页

作者： Charles J.KREBS alice J.KENNEY B.Scott gILBERT Rudy BOONSTRA Department of Zoology University of British ColumbiaVancouverBritish ColumbiaCanada Renewable Resources Management Program Yukon UniversityWhitehorseYukonCanada Department of Biological Sciences University of Toronto ScarboroughTorontoOntarioCanada

Baseline studies of small rodent populations in undisturbed ecosystems are *** report here 50 years of mon-itoring and experimentation in Yukon of a dominant rodent species in the North American boreal forest,the red-backed vole Clethrionomys *** voles breed in summer,weigh 20–25 g,and reach a maximum density of 20 to 25 per *** populations have shown consistent 3–4-year cycles for the last 50 years with the only change being that peak densities averaged 8/ha until 2000 and 18/ha since that *** the last 25 years,we have measured food resources,predator numbers,and winter weather,and for 1-year social interactions,to estimate their contribution to changes in the rate of summer increase and the rate of overwinter *** these potential limiting factors could contribute to changes in density,and we measured their relative contributions statistically with multiple *** rate of winter decline in density was related to both food supply and winter *** rate of summer increase was related to summer berry crops and white spruce cone *** measure of predator numbers was related to winter or summer changes in vole *** was a large signal of climate change effects in these *** is no density dependence in summer population growth and only a weak one in winter population *** of our results provide a clear understanding of what generates 3–4-year cycles in these voles,and the major missing piece may be an understanding of social interactions at high density.

关键词： boreal forest climate change density dependence population cycles predation winter severity

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Microbiological Quality of Cyperus esculentus L. Products Sold in Ouagadougou and Bobo Dioulasso (Burkina Faso)

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Open Journal of Applied Sciences 2024年第3期14卷 635-642页

作者： Zénabou Semdé Passinguemsin alice Sonia Tiendrebeogo Bahanla Edwige Oboulbiga Charles Parkouda Hagrétou Sawadogo Lingani Laboratoire des Sciences et Technologies des Aliments et Nutrition Département technologie alimentaire IRSAT CNRST Ouagadougou Burkina Faso

This study aimed to assess the microbiological quality of tiger nut (Cyperus esculentus L.) products sold in Ouagadougou and Bobo Dioulasso. The microbial load of tubers and tiger nut milk was determined using ISO 4833-1 (2003) standard (total mesophilic aerobic flora), NF ISO 7954 (1998) standard (yeasts and molds), and ISO 4832 (2006) standard (total coliforms, thermotolerant coliforms). The results showed that tiger nut tubers had an average microbial load between 4.86 ± 7.03 × 106 UFC/g and 1.82 ± 2.30 × 107 UFC/g for total mesophilic aerobic flora, from 4.34 ± 10.6 × 105 UFC/g to 3.52 ± 4.54 × 106 UFC/g for yeasts and molds, from 2.23 ± 2.25 × 105 UFC/g to 1.41 ± 2.16 × 105 UFC/g for total coliforms and from 1.83 ± 2.03 × 105 UFC/g to 7.0 ± 10.8 × 104 CFU/g for thermotolerant coliforms. For tiger nut milk samples, the average microbial load varied from 3.48 ± 2.98 × 106 CFU/g to 2.80 ± 5.69 × 107 CFU/g for total mesophilic aerobic flora, from 5.00 ± 7.21 × 104 CFU/g to 1.88 ± 3.31 × 105 CFU/g for yeasts and molds, from 4.58 ± 10.4 × 104 CFU/g to 6.31 ± 9.17 × 105 CFU/g for total coliforms and 7.00 ± 7.00 × 103 CFU/g to 2.87 ± 5.86 × 105 CFU/g for thermotolerant coliforms. This study revealed that the tubers and tiger nut milk sold in Ouagadougou and Bobo Dioulasso had a high microbial load which could lead to the degradation of these products and food poisoning for consumers.

关键词： Cyperus esculentus L. Tiger Nut Tubers Tiger Nut Milk Microbiological Quality

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Anion storing,oxygen vacancy incorporated perovskite oxide composites for high-performance aqueous dual ion hybrid supercapacitors

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2024年第7期94卷 646-655页

作者： Taehun Kang Puritut Nakhanivej Kyung Jae Wang Yu Chen Yongchul g Chung Ho Seok Park School of Chemical Engineering Sungkyunkwan University(SKKU)2066Seobu-roJangan-guSuwonGyeonggi-do 16419Republic of Korea Warwick Manufacturing group(WMg) University of WarwickCoventry CV47ALUnited Kingdom School of Chemical Engineering Pusan National UniversityGeumjeong-guBusanGyeongsangnam-do 46241Republic of Korea SKKU Institute of Energy Science and Technology(SIEST) Sungkyunkwan University2066SeoburoJangan-guSuwon 440-746Republic of Korea SKKU Advanced Institute of Nano Technology(SAINT) Sungkyunkwan University2066SeoburoJangan-guSuwon 440-746Republic of Korea Department of Health Sciences and Technology Samsung Advanced Institute for Health Sciences and Technology(SAIHST)Sungkyunkwan UniversitySuwon 16419Republic of Korea

Dual ion storage hybrid supercapacitors(HsCs)are considered as a promising device to overcome the limited energy density of existing supercapacitors while preserving high power and long ***,the development of high-capacity anion-storing materials,which can be paired with fast charg-ing capacitive electrodes,lags behind cation-storing ***,we demonstrate the surface faradaic OH-storage mechanism of anion storing perovskite oxide composites and their application in high-performance dual ion *** oxygen vacancy and nanoparticle size of the reduced LaMnO_(3)(r-LaMnO_(3))were controlled,while r-LaMnO_(3) was chemically coupled with ozonated carbon nanotubes(oCNTs)for the improved anion storing capacity and cycle *** taken by in-situ and ex-situ spectroscopic and computational analyses,OH-ions are inserted into the oxygen vacancies coordi-nating with octahedral Mn with the increase in the oxidation state of Mn during the charging process or vice *** OH-storing r-LaMnO_(3)/oCNT composite with Na*storing MXene,the as-fabricated aqueous dual ion HSCs achieved the cycle performance of 73.3%over 10,000 cycles,delivering the max-imum energy and power densities of 47.5 w h kg^(-1) and 8 kw kg^(-1),respectively,far exceeding those of previously reported aqueous anion and dual ion storage *** research establishes a foundation for the unique anion storage mechanism of the defect engineered perovskite oxides and the advancement of dual ion hybrid energy storage devices with high energy and power densities.

关键词： Anion storage Dual ion storage Defect engineered perovskites Hybrid supercapacitors Nanocomposites

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Effect of solidification cooling rate on microstructure and tribology characteristics of Zn-4Si alloy

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International Journal of Minerals,Metallurgy and Materials 2024年第2期31卷 362-373页

作者： F.Akbari M.golkaram S.Beyrami g.Shirazi K.Mantashloo R.Taghiabadi M.Saghafi Yazdi I.Ansarian Department of Metallurgy and Material Science Imam Khomeini International University(IKIU)Qazvin ***Iran

The main objective of this work was to modify the microstructure and enhance the tribological properties of a new Zn-4Si al-loy through a high solidification cooling rate(SCR).According to the results,by increasing the SCR from 2.0 to 59.5℃/s the average size of primary Si particles and that of the grains reduced from 76.1 and 3780μm to less than about 14.6 and 460μm,***-ing the SCR also enhanced the microstructural homogeneity,decreased the porosity content(by 50%),and increased the matrix hardness(by 36%).These microstructural changes enhanced the tribological *** instance,under the applied pressure of 0.5 MPa,an in-crease in the SCR from 2.0 to 59.5℃/s decreased the wear rate and the average friction coefficient of the alloy by 57%and 23%,*** wear mechanism was also changed from the severe delamination,adhesion,and abrasion in the slowly-cooled alloy to the mild tribolayer delamination/abrasion in the high-cooling-rate-solidified sample.

关键词： zinc-silicon alloy primary silicon solidification cooling rate tribology sliding wear

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Computational synthesis of substrates by crystal cleavage

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npj Computational Materials 2021年第1期7卷 1336-1341页

作者： Joshua T.Paul alice galdi Christopher Parzyck Kyle M.Shen Jared Maxson Richard g.Hennig Department of Materials Science and Engineering University of FloridaGainesvilleFLUSA Quantum Theory Project University of FloridaGainesvilleFLUSA Department of Physics Cornell UniversityIthacaNYUSA Cornell Laboratory for Accelerator-Based Sciences and Education Cornell UniversityIthacaNYUSA

The discovery of substrate materials has been dominated by trial and error,opening the opportunity for a systematic *** generate bonding networks for materials from the Materials Project and systematically break up to three bonds in the networks for three-dimensional *** cleavage reduces the bonding network to two periodic *** identify 4693 symmetrically unique cleavage surfaces across 2133 bulk crystals,4626 of which have a maximum Miller index of *** characterize the likelihood of cleavage by creating monolayers of these surfaces and calculating their thermodynamic stability using density functional theory to discover 3991 potential ***,we identify distinct trends in the work of cleavage and relate them to bonding in the three-dimensional *** illustrate the potential impact of the substrate database by identifying several improved epitaxial substrates for the transparent conductor *** open-source databases of predicted and commercial substrates are available at ***.

关键词： cleavage bonding synthesis

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Does orthotics use improve comfort,speed,and injury rate during running?A randomised control trial

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World Journal of Orthopedics 2023年第5期14卷 348-361页

作者： alice E Fortune Jonathan M g Sims george Ampat School of Medicine University of LiverpoolLiverpool L693GEUnited Kingdom Research Unit Talita Cumi Ltd.SouthportPR83NSUnited Kingdom School of Medicine University of LiverpoolLiverpool L693GEMerseysideUnited Kingdom

BACKgROUND Running is a hugely popular ***,running-related injury(RRI)rates are high,particularly amongst amateur and recreational *** ways to reduce RRI rates and maximise comfort and performance for runners is *** regarding whether orthotics can successfully improve these parameters is limited and *** research is required to provide runners with clearer guidance on the usefulness of *** To investigate the effect of Aetrex Orthotics on comfort,speed and RRI rates during recreational *** One hundred and six recreational runners were recruited on a voluntary basis via running clubs and social media pages and randomised into either the intervention or control *** in the intervention group ran with Aetrex L700 Speed Orthotics inserted in their usual running shoes,whilst participants in the control group ran in their usual running shoes with no *** study ran for an 8-wk *** provided data relating to running comfort,distance,and time during weeks *** provided data relating to any RRIs they sustained during all 8 *** distance and time were used to calculate running speed in miles per hour(mph).For each outcome variable,95%confidence intervals and P values were calculated to assess the statistical significance between the *** comfort and speed data,univariate multi-level analysis was performed,and for outcome variables with significant between group differences,multi-level multivariate analysis was performed to evaluate any confounding effects of gender and *** Ninety-four participants were included in the final analysis(drop-out rate=11%).Comfort and speed from 940 runs and 978 injury data reports were *** who ran with orthotics reported,on average,speeds 0.30 mph faster(P=0.20)and comfort scores 1.27 points higher(P≤0.001)than participants who ran with no *** were also 2.22 times less

关键词： Running Foot orthoses Running related injuries Pain Patient comfort Athletic performance

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Conducting Polymer-Based e-Refinery for Sustainable Hydrogen Peroxide Production

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Energy & Environmental Materials 2024年第2期7卷 334-342页

作者： Zhixing Wu Penghui Ding Viktor gueskine Robert Boyd Eric Daniel g■owacki Magnus Odén Xaνier Crispin Magnus Berggren Emma M.Björk Mikhail Vagin Nanostructured Materials Department of PhysicsChemistry and Biology(IFM)Linköping UniversitySE 58183LinköpingSweden Laboratory of Organic Electronics Department of Science and Technology(ITN)Linköping UniversitySE 60174NorrköpingSweden

Electrocatalysis enables the industrial transition to sustainable production of chemicals using abundant precursors and electricity from renewable ***-centralized production of hydrogen peroxide(H_(2)O_(2))from water and oxygen of air is highly desirable for daily life and *** report an effective electrochemical refinery(e-refinery)for H_(2)O_(2)by means of electrocatalysis-controlled comproportionation reaction(2_(H)O+o→2HO),feeding pure water and oxygen *** nickel(Ⅱ)oxide(NiO)was used as electrocatalyst for oxygen evolution reaction(OER),producing oxygen at the *** polymer poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene):poly(styrene sulfonate)(PEDOT:PSS)drove the oxygen reduction reaction(ORR),forming H_(2)O_(2)on the *** reactions were evaluated in both half-cell and device *** performance of the H_(2)O_(2)e-refinery,assembled on anion-exchange solid electrolyte and fed with pure water,was limited by the unbalanced ionic *** of the operation conditions allowed a conversion efficiency of 80%.

关键词： conducting polymer hydrogen peroxide nickel(Ⅱ)oxide oxygen evolution reaction oxygen reduction reaction

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Can fecal microbiota transplantation cure irritable bowel syndrome?

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World Journal of gastroenterology 2017年第22期23卷 4112-4120页

作者： Sofie ingdam Halkjar Anders Watt Boolsen Stig günther alice Hojer Christensen Andreas Munk Petersen Department of gastroenterology Copenhagen University Hospital Hvidovre Department of gastroenterology Aleris-Hamlet Hospitals Copenhagen Department of Clinical Microbiology Copenhagen University Hospital Hvidovre Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences University of Copenhagen

To verify the utility of treatment with fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) in patients with irritable bowel syndrome (IBS).METHODSWe searched EMBASE, Cochrane Library and PubMed in March, 2017. The reviewed literature was based on two systematic searches in each of the databases. The MeSH terms used were IBS and fecal microbiota transplantation and the abbreviations IBS and FMT. Reference lists from the articles were reviewed to identify additional pertinent *** total of six conference abstracts, one case report, one letter to the editor, and one clinical review were included. In the final analysis, treatment of 48 patients was evaluated. Treatment revealed an improvement in 58% of cases. The varying structure of the nine included studies must be taken into *** on FMT and IBS are too limited to draw sufficient conclusions. Standardized double blinded randomized clinical trials need to be carried out to evaluate the effect of FMT on IBS.

关键词： Fecal microbiota transplantation Microbiota Irritable bowel syndrome

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Nonlinear constrained optimization using the flexible tolerance method hybridized with different unconstrained methods

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Chinese Journal of Chemical Engineering 2017年第4期25卷 442-452页

作者： alice Medeiros Lima Antonio Jose goncalves Cruz Wu Hong Kwong Chemical Engineering graduate Program Federal University of Sdo CarlosRodovia Washington Luizkm 235-5P310Sao CarlosSP 13565-905Brazil Department of Chemical Engineering Federal University of Sao CarlosRodovia Washington Luizkm 235-SP 310Silo CarlosSP 13565-905Brazil

This paper proposes the use of the flexible tolerance method(FTM) modified with scaling of variables and hybridized with different unconstrained optimization methods to solve real constrained optimization *** benchmark problems used to analyze the performance of the methods were taken from g-Suite *** original method(FTM) and other four proposed methods:(i) FTM with scaling of variables(FTMS),(ii) FTMS hybridized with BFgS(FTMS-BFgS),(iii) FTMS hybridized with modified Powell's method(FTMS-Powell)and(iv) FTMS hybridized with PSO(FTMS-PSO), were implemented. The success rates of the methods were 80%,100%, 75%, 95% and 85%, for FTM, FTMS, FTMS-BFgS, FTMS-Powell and FTMS-PSO, respectively. Numerical experiments including real constrained problems indicated that FTMS gave the best performance, followed by FTMSPowell and FTMS-PSO. Despite the inferior performance compared to FTMS and FTMS-Powell, the FTMS-PSO method presented some advantages since good different initial points could be obtained, which allow exploring different routes through the solution space and to escape from local optima. The proposed methods proved to be an effective way of improving the performance of the original FTM.

关键词： Flexible tolerance method Modified Powell’s method BFgS PSO Scaling Hybridization

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CTAB/SDBS水基囊泡相磁流体制备及稳定性研究

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化学研究与应用 2024年第6期36卷 1400-1405页

作者：左春玲邓庆芳宋伟明齐齐哈尔大学化学与化学工程学院黑龙江齐齐哈尔161000

以阳离子表面活性剂十六烷基三甲基溴化胺(CTAB)和阴离子表面活性剂十二烷基苯磺酸钠(SDBS)为原料复配自发形成囊泡相,并以其为微反应器,Fe^(2+)和Fe^(3+)在囊泡内发生反应,得到平均粒径为20nm的Fe_(3)O_(4)纳米晶囊泡分散液作为水基磁... 详细信息

以阳离子表面活性剂十六烷基三甲基溴化胺(CTAB)和阴离子表面活性剂十二烷基苯磺酸钠(SDBS)为原料复配自发形成囊泡相,并以其为微反应器,Fe^(2+)和Fe^(3+)在囊泡内发生反应,得到平均粒径为20nm的Fe_(3)O_(4)纳米晶囊泡分散液作为水基磁流体。采用广角X射线衍射(XRD)、X射线光电子能谱(XPS)、透射电镜(TEM)、扫描电镜(SEM)、磁滞回线(VSM)等对合成的Fe_(3)O_(4)纳米晶以及磁流体进行分析表征。结果表明,以合适的阴阳离子表面活性剂获得的囊泡相为微反应器形成的水基囊泡相磁流体,在室温稳定性优良,静置60h其稳定性系数仍然可达97%。在磁场反复作用后,囊泡相水基磁流体仍具有良好的稳定性,其中的Fe_(3)O_(4)纳米粒子颗粒均匀,具有超顺磁性特征,磁饱和度达到59emu/g。

关键词： CTAB/SDBS 囊泡微反应器磁流体 Fe_(3)O_(4)磁纳米粒子稳定性

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