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Challenges and possible solutions to creating an achievable and effective Post-2020 Global Biodiversity Framework

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Ecosystem Health and Sustainability 2022年第1期8卷 194-199页

作者： alice hughes Xiaoli Shen Richard Corlett Lin Li Maofang Luo Stephen Woodley Yuanming Zhang Keping Ma School of Biological Sciences University of Hong KongHong KongChina Zhejiang Qianjiangyuan Forest Biodiversity National Observation and Research Station Institute of BotanyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden Chinese Academy of SciencesMenglunYunnanChina Global Policy and Advocacy WWF InternationalTorontoCanada World Commission on Protected Areas IUCNQuebecCanada Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography Chinese Academy of SciencesUrumqiXinjiangChina University of Chinese Academy of Sciences BeijingChina

Global biodiversity is in crisis as a result of human *** biodiversity crisis has been well documented by scientists,recognized by world leaders,politicians,businesses,and *** the biodiversity and climate crises need to be addressed now.2020 was when this change was supposed to start,with the 15th Conference of Parties(COP15)of the Convention on Biodiversity(CBD)meeting in Kunming,and the 26th Conference of Parties(COP26)of the UN Framework Convention on Climate Change meeting in Glasgow,but both meetings were ***26 was held a year late(November 2021),while COP15 was split into two,with the first part held in Kunming in October 2021,and the second part scheduled for Montreal in December *** meeting in Montreal-arguably the most important in the CBDs history-must agree on the Post-2020 Global Biodiversity Framework(GBF),to reverse biodiversity *** to reach agreement in Montreal would ultimately be a failure of us all,with irreversible consequences for life on ***,with three months before the final deadline only 20%of text and two targets are *** paper reviews the factors hindering progress on the agreement and suggests possible solutions.

关键词： Convention on Biological Diversity Aichi Targets monitoring framework sustainable development

Pinpointing the animal origins of SARS-CoV-2:a genomic approach

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Journal of Genetics and Genomics 2022年第9期49卷 900-902页

作者： Shilei Zhao Yali Hou Xiaolong Zhang alice hughes Na Liu Minsheng Peng Qihui Wang Yongbiao Xue Hua Chen Beijing Institute of Genomics Chinese Academy of Sciences and China National Center for BioinformationBeijing 100101China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China Center for Integrative Conservation Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical GardenChinese Academy of SciencesMenglaYunnan 666303China National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention Chinese Center for Disease Control and PreventionBeijing 102206China State Key Laboratory of Genetic Resources and Evolution Kunming Institute of ZoologyChinese Academy of SciencesKunmingYunnan 650201China KIZ/CUHK Joint Laboratory of Bioresources and Molecular Research in Common Diseases Kunming Institute of ZoologyChinese Academy of SciencesKunmingYunnan 650201China CAS Key Laboratory of Pathogen Microbiology and Immunology Institute of MicrobiologyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China Center for Excellence in Animal Evolution and Genetics Chinese Academy of SciencesKunmingYunnan 650223China

Understanding the origins of zoonoses is critical to developing the means to prevent zoonotic spillover into the *** 60% of emerging diseases in humans(Jones et al.,2008),SARS-CoV-2 is likely to have zoonotic origins with possible immediate hosts(Holmes et al.,2021;Wang et al.,2021).Determination of the origin of SARS-CoV-2,that is,when,where,and how it emerges in humans through possible zoonotic transfer,facilitates prevention of the emergence and establishment of new zoonotic diseases.

关键词： origin prevention likely

BIODIVERSITY IN THE KARST REGION OF SOUTHEAST ASIA AND ITS CONSERVATION:The forgotten limestone ecosystems of Southeast Asia

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China Report ASEAN 2020年第8期5卷 34-36页

作者： alice C.hughes the Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden of Chinese Academy of Sciences

When we think about biodiversity in Southeast Asia,we generally think about the verdant ***,one special part of the S outheast Asian landscape is frequently forgotten:the limestone hills that make up around 800,000 sq... 详细信息

关键词： limestone Southeast landscape

The global significance of biodiversity science in China:an overview

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National Science Review 2021年第7期8卷 34-58页

作者： Xiangcheng Mi Gang Feng Yibo Hu Jian Zhang Lei Chen Richard T.Corlett alice C.hughes Stuart Pimm Bernhard Schmid Suhua Shi Jens-Christian Svenning Keping Ma State Key Laboratory of Vegetation and Environmental Change Institute of Botany Chinese Academy of Sciences Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Ecology and Resource Use of the Mongolian Plateau and Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Grassland Ecology School of Ecology and Environment Inner Mongolia University Key Laboratory of Animal Ecology and Conservation Biology Institute of Zoology Chinese Academy of Sciences Zhejiang Tiantong Forest Ecosystem National Observation and Research Station School of Ecological and Environmental Sciences East China Normal University Center for Integrative Conservation Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden Chinese Academy of Sciences Center of Conservation Biology Core Botanical Gardens Chinese Academy of Sciences Nicholas School of the Environment Duke University Department of Geography Remote Sensing Laboratories University of Zurich State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol Guangdong Key Laboratory of Plant Resources Key Laboratory of Biodiversity Dynamics and Conservation of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes School of Life Sciences Sun Yat-Sen University Center for Biodiversity Dynamics in a Changing World (BIOCHANGE) and Section for Ecoinformatics and Biodiversity Department of Biology Aarhus University University of Chinese Academy of Sciences

Biodiversity science in China has seen rapid growth over recent decades, ranging from baseline biodiversity studies to understanding the processes behind evolution across dynamic regions such as the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau. We review research, including species catalogues; biodiversity monitoring; the origins, distributions, maintenance and threats to biodiversity; biodiversity-related ecosystem function and services; and species and ecosystems’ responses to global change. Next, we identify priority topics and offer suggestions and priorities for future biodiversity research in China. These priorities include(i) the ecology and biogeography of the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau and surrounding mountains, and that of subtropical and tropical forests across China;(ii) marine and inland aquatic biodiversity; and(iii) effective conservation and management to identify and maintain synergies between biodiversity and socio-economic development to fulfil China’s vision for becoming an ecological civilization. In addition, we propose three future strategies:(i) translate advanced biodiversity science into practice for biodiversity conservation;(ii) strengthen capacity building and application of advanced technologies, including high-throughput sequencing, genomics and remote sensing; and(iii) strengthen and expand international *** on the recent rapid progress of biodiversity research, China is well positioned to become a global leader in biodiversity research in the near future.

关键词： biodiversity inventory biodiversity maintenance biodiversity monitoring biodiversity origins biodiversity-ecosystem functioning

Description of two new species of Hemiphyllodactylus(Reptilia: Gekkonidae) from karst landscapes in Yunnan, China, highlights complex conservation needs

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Zoological Research 2022年第5期43卷 767-786页

作者： Ade Prasetyo Agung Ada Chornelia L.Lee Grismer Jesse L.Grismer Evan S.H.Quah Jian-Mei Lu Kyle W.Tomlinson alice C.hughes Landscape Ecology Group Center for Integrative ConservationXishuangbanna Tropical Botanical GardenChinese Academy of SciencesMenglunMenglaYunnan 666303China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 101408China Herpetology Laboratory Department of BiologyLa Sierra UniversityRiversideCalifornia 92515USA Institute for Tropical Biology and Conservation Universiti Malaysia SabahJalan UMSKota KinabaluSabah 88400Malaysia Lee Kong Chian Natural History Museum National University of SingaporeSingapore 117377Singapore Community Ecology and Conservation Group Center for Integrative ConservationXishuangbanna Tropical Botanical GardenChinese Academy of SciencesMenglunMenglaYunnan 666303China School of Biological Sciences University of Hong KongPokfulamHong Kong SARChina

Karst habitats are hotspots of diversity and endemism. Their naturally fragmented distributions across broad geographic landscapes have led to the complex array of smaller evolutionary ecosystems that present unique challenges from a conservation *** assessments of karst habitats have revealed that these ecosystems contain an almost unparalleled level of endemism, and many site-restricted species remain undescribed, thus posing considerable challenges for effective conservation *** rock-dwelling species, such as geckos, may be particularly prone to such isolation. In this paper, we discuss one such genus, i.e.,Hemiphyllodactylus, and explore its diversity across karst landforms in Yunnan Province, southwestern China. Based on morphological and genetic data, we describe two new species of Hemiphyllodactylus from karst habitats in Simao District and Yanshan County. A phylogenetic tree for Hemiphyllodactylus was constructed using 1?039 base pairs(bp) of the mitochondrial NADH dehydrogenase subunit 2 gene(ND2). The Simao and Yanshan specimens can be distinguished from all other congeners within their respective subclades based on uncorrected genetic pairwise distances greater than 6.3% and 4.3%respectively, as well as significant morphological differences. The discovery and description of these two new species brings the total number of described Hemiphyllodactylus species in China to 14and indicates many more undescribed species from unsurveyed karst regions await *** findings suggest that karst ecosystems in Yunnan support a higher diversity of Hemiphyllodactylus than previously *** study also highlights the importance of karst ecosystems as refugia for sitespecific endemic species and the need for heightened conservation efforts.

关键词： Discovery Endemism Geckos Reptiles South China

Patterns of floristic inventory and plant collections in Myanmar

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Plant Diversity 2023年第6期45卷 302-308页

作者： Thant Sin Aung alice Chughes Phyo Kay Khine Bo Liu Xiao-Li Shen Ke-Ping Ma State Key Laboratory of Vegetation and Environmental Change Institute of BotanyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100093China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China University of Hong Kong Department of Ecology and Biodiversity The University of Hong Kong School of Biological SciencesChina Center for Integrative Conservation Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical GardenChinese Academy of SciencesMenglunYunnan 666303China Minzu University of China Beijing 100081China

Myanmar is one of the most biodiverse countries in the Asia-Pacific region due to a wide range of climatic and environmental *** diversity in Myanmar is largely unknown,resulting in a lack of comprehensive conservation *** developed a database of higher plants in Myanmar derived from herbarium specimens and literature sources,and analyzed patterns of diversity inventories and collection inconsistencies,aiming to provide a baseline floristic data of Myanmar and act as a guide for future research *** collected 1,329,354 records of 16,218 *** show that the collection densities at the township level was variable,with 5% of townships having no floristic *** ecoregion had an average collection density of greater than 1 specimen/km2and the lowest collection density was found in the Kayah-Karen Montane Rainforests,which covered 8% of Myanmar’s total *** highest sampling densities were found in Mandalay Region,Chin State,and Yangon *** floristic collections over the past three centuries,knowledge of the distribution of the vast majority of plant taxa remained limited,particularly for gymnosperms,pteridophytes,and *** botanical surveys and further analyses are needed to better describe Myanmar’s floristic *** important strategy to promote knowledge of the biodiversity patterns in Myanmar is to improve the collection and digitalization of specimens and to strengthen cooperation among countries.

关键词： Biodiversity Ecoregion Higher plants Hotspots Myanmar Specimens

西双版纳热带植物园蝙蝠物种多样性与季节变化研究

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野生动物学报 2021年第1期42卷 98-105页

作者：曹慧杨建波鲁建美 aliceC.hughes 中国科学院西双版纳热带植物园勐腊666303 中国科学院西双版纳热带植物园综合保护中心勐腊666303 中国科学院大学北京100049

为探究中国科学院西双版纳热带植物园中蝙蝠物种多样性及季节变化对蝙蝠物种保护的重要意义,本研究自2019年1—12月在热带雨林地区进行定期声学监测实验并结合2017—2019年竖琴网、雾网捕获情况,共记录到5科14属32种蝙蝠。其中狐蝠科4... 详细信息

为探究中国科学院西双版纳热带植物园中蝙蝠物种多样性及季节变化对蝙蝠物种保护的重要意义,本研究自2019年1—12月在热带雨林地区进行定期声学监测实验并结合2017—2019年竖琴网、雾网捕获情况,共记录到5科14属32种蝙蝠。其中狐蝠科4种、蝙蝠科12种、蹄蝠科5种、菊头蝠科11种。研究表明该地区蝙蝠科、菊头蝠科蝙蝠具有最高的物种多样性,菊头蝠科蝙蝠具有最高的活动强度。32种蝙蝠均具有东洋界的分布特点,但仍有部分蝙蝠科和菊头蝠科蝙蝠在古北界青藏区分布,表明该地区生物分布具有从亚热带向热带过渡的趋势。温度是影响蝙蝠活动强度和物种多样性季节变化的主要因素,而热带蝙蝠的活动对季节变化的响应更为剧烈。旱季时期蹄蝠科蝙蝠具有明显的迁移行为,是该地区物种多样性变化不可忽视的原因。

关键词：热带地区蝙蝠物种多样性活动强度季节变化

Six steps for building a technological knowledge base for future taxonomic work

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National Science Review 2022年第12期9卷 19-21页

作者： Michael C.Orr Anderson Feijó Douglas Chesters Alfried P.Vogler Silas Bossert Rafael R.Ferrari Mark John Costello alice C.hughes Lars Krogmann John S.Ascher Xin Zhou De-Zhu Li Ming Bai Jun Chen Deyan Ge Arong Luo Gexia Qiao Paul H.Williams Ai-bing Zhang Keping Ma Feng Zhang Chao-Dong Zhu Key Laboratory of Zoological Systematics and Evolution Institute of Zoology Chinese Academy of Sciences Entomologie Staatliches Museum für Naturkunde Stuttgart Department of Life Sciences Silwood Park Campus Imperial College London Natural History Museum Department of Entomology Washington State University Department of Entomology National Museum of Natural History Smithsonian Institution Faculty of Biosciences and Aquaculture Nord University School of Biological Sciences University of Hong Kong Department of Biological Sciences National University of Singapore Department of Entomology China Agricultural University Germplasm Bank of Wild Species Kunming Institute of Botany Chinese Academy of Sciences College of Life Sciences Capital Normal University Institute of Botany Chinese Academy of Sciences Department of Entomology College of Plant Protection Nanjing Agricultural University State Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management Institute of Zoology Chinese Academy of Sciences College of Life Sciences University of Chinese Academy of Sciences

Species are the principal category we use to study,understand,and conserve the natural world,so how we define species has a cascading impact across fields,well beyond biology [1].Despite such importance,debate on species concepts continues to this day ([2] 2020),with consequences for what organisms we recognize,study and *** the wealth of life forms on our planet,

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管窥东南亚喀斯特地貌的生物多样性

人与生物圈 2019年第3期 40-44页

作者： alice C.hughes(文/图) 鲁建美(译) 陈艳华(译) 中国科学院西双版纳热带植物园热带生物学与保护协会亚太分会不详

每当我们提及东南亚的生物多样性,通常首先会想到那葱葱郁郁的森林。然而,当地一种非常特殊的景观常会被我们遗忘,那就是面积约80万平方公里的以石灰岩为主的喀斯特地貌,它滋养着许多其他地区所没有的珍稀濒危物种。经过多年的努力,我... 详细信息

每当我们提及东南亚的生物多样性,通常首先会想到那葱葱郁郁的森林。然而,当地一种非常特殊的景观常会被我们遗忘,那就是面积约80万平方公里的以石灰岩为主的喀斯特地貌,它滋养着许多其他地区所没有的珍稀濒危物种。经过多年的努力,我们开始了解这个复杂而隐蔽的生态系统,而它丰富的生物多样性和面临的巨大威胁使得进一步的研究变得尤为紧迫。

关键词：生物多样性喀斯特地区生态系统洞穴生物