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Rate optimization using low complex methods with reconfigurable intelligent surfaces

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Journal of Information and Intelligence 2023年第3期1卷 267-280页

作者： Saber Hassouna Muhammad ali Jamshed Masood ur Rehman Muhammad ali Imran Qammer H.Abbasi James Watt School of Engineering University of GlasgowGlasgow G128QEUK

With the help of a developing technology called reconfigurable intelligent surfaces(RISs),it is possible to modify the propagation environment and boost the data rates of wireless communication *** this article,we optimized the phases of the RIS elements and performed a fair power allocation for each subcarrier over the full bandwidth in a single-input-single-output(SISO)wideband system where the user and the access point(AP)are provided with a single *** data rate or its equivalent channel power is maximized by proposing different low-complex *** strongest tap maximization(STM)and power methods are compared with the semidefinite relaxation(SDR)method in terms of computational complexity and data rate *** and complexity analysis of the suggested methods are computed and compared to reveal the actual time consumption and the required number of operations for each *** results show that with an optimized RIS,the sum rate is 2.5 times higher than with an unconfigured surface,demonstrating the RIS's tremendous advantages even in complex *** data rate performance of the SDR method is higher than the power method and less than the STM method but with higher computational complexity,more than 6 million complex operations,and 50 min of runtime calculations compared with the other STM and power optimization methods.

关键词： Reconfigurable intelligent surfaces(RISs) Orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) Data rate maximization Semidefinite relaxation(SDR) Strongest tap maximization(SDM) Power method

Advancement in Wide Area Monitoring Protection and Control Using PMU’s Model in MATLAB/SIMULINK

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Smart Grid and Renewable Energy 2012年第4期3卷 294-307页

作者： Waheed ur Rahman Muhammad ali Amjad Ullah Hafeez ur Rahman Majid Iqbal Haseeb Ahmad Adnan Zeb Zeeshan ali M. Ahsan Shahzad Beenish Taj Electrical Engineering Department COMSATS Institute of Information & Technology Abbottabad Pakistan Electrical Engineering Department Gandhara Institute of Science & Technology Peshawar Pakistan Electrical Engineering Department NWFP University of Engineering & Technology Peshawar Pakistan IT Department Hazara University Havelian Abbottabad.

A big step forward to improve power system monitoring and performance, continued load growth without a corresponding increase in transmission resources has resulted in reduced operational margins for many power systems worldwide and has led to operation of power systems closer to their stability limits and to power exchange in new patterns. These issues, as well as the on-going worldwide trend towards deregulation of the entire industry on the one hand and the increased need for accurate and better network monitoring on the other hand, force power utilities exposed to this pressure to demand new solutions for wide area monitoring, protection and control. Wide-area monitoring, protection, and control require communicating the specific-node information to a remote station but all information should be time synchronized so that to neutralize the time difference between information. It gives a complete simultaneous snap shot of the power system. The conventional system is not able to satisfy the time-synchronized requirement of power system. Phasor Measurement Unit (PMU) is enabler of time-synchronized measurement, it communicate the synchronized local information to remote station.

关键词： Wide Area Monitoring Protection and Control (WAMPAC) Phasor Measurement uNit (PMU) Wide Area Monitoring (WAM) Global Positioning System (GPS) Wide Area Controller (WAC) Local Area Controller (LAC) Phase Angle Monitoring (PAM) Automatic Generation Control (AGC) Circuit Breaker (CB) Current Transformers (CTs) Potential Transformers (PTs)

High energy storage density with ultra-high efficiency and fast charging-discharging capability of sodium bismuth niobate lead-free ceramics

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Journal of Advanced Dielectrics 2021年第4期11卷 37-45页

作者： Abdul Manan Maqbool ur Rehman Atta Ullah Arbab Safeer Ahmad Yaseen Iqbal Ibrahim Qazi Murad ali Khan Hidayat Ullah Shah Arshad Hussain Wazir Laboratory for Research in Advanced Materials Department of Physics University of Science and Technology BannuTownship Bannu 28100 Khyber PakhtunkhwaPakistan Center for Material Science Islamia College Peshawar Peshawar25120 Khyber PakhtunkhwaPakistan Materials Research Laboratory Department of Physics University of Peshawar25120 KPPakistan§Department of Materials Science and EngineeringInstitute of Space Technology Islamabad44000 IslamabadPakistan Department of Chemistry University of Science and Technology Bannu 28100 Khyber PakhtunkhwaPakistan

Ceramics-based capacitors with excellent energy storage characteristics,fast charging/discharge rate,and high efficiency have received significant *** this work,Na0.73Bi0.09NbO3(NBN)ceramics were processed through solid-state sintering *** investigated ceramics were crystallized in a single perovskite *** microstructure,with small average grain size(~0.92 mm)is obtained for the investigated ceramics.A high dielectric constant>1000 accompanied by a low dielectric loss was achieved for these ceramics at ambient temperature.A recoverable energy density~0.92 J/cm3 and ultra-high efficiency of 96.33%at 138 kV/cm were obtained at room ***,a lower discharging time of 0.14 ms was also *** material is a suitable candidate for power pulsed applications.

关键词： Polarization energy density capacitor efficiency

Cactus-Shaped Frequency Reconfigurable Antenna for Sub 10 GHz Wireless Applications

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Computer Systems Science & Engineering 2023年第6期45卷 2693-2704页

作者： Muhammad Irfan Wasi ur Rehman Khan Sadiq Ullah Naveed Mufti Muhammad Fawad Khan Rizwan Ullah Usman ali Fazal Muhammad Faisal Althobiani Mohammed Alshareef Shadi Alghaffari Saifur Rehman V.R.Shamji Electrical Engineering Department College of EngineeringNajran UniversitySaudi Arabia Department of Telecommunication Engineering University of Engineering and TechnologyMardanKPPakistan Department of Electrical Engineering University of Engineering and TechnologyMardanKPPakistan Faculty of Maritimes Studies King Abdulaziz UniversityJeddahSaudi Arabia Ports&Maritime Transportation Faculty of Maritimes StudiesKing Abdulaziz UniversityJeddahSaudi Arabia Faculty of Maritime Studies King Abdulaziz UniversityJeddahSaudi Arabia

This paper presents,a novel cactus shaped frequency reconfigurable antenna for sub 10 GHz wireless *** diode is utilized as an electrical switch to achieve reconfigurability,enabling operation in four different frequency *** the switch ON state mode,the antenna supports 2177-3431 and 6301-8467 MHz ***,the antenna resonates within 2329-3431 and 4951-6718 MHz while in the OFF state *** efficiency values,ranging from 68%to 84%,and gain values,ranging from 1.6 to 4 dB,in the operating frequency *** proposed antenna satisfy the practical requirements and *** overall planner dimensions of the proposed antenna model is 40×21 mm^(2).Moreover,the measurement results from the prototype support the simulation *** on the frequency ranges supported by the antenna,it can be used for multiple wireless standards and services,including Worldwide interoperability and Microwave Access(WiMAX),Wireless Fidelity(Wi-Fi),Bluetooth,Long Term Evolution(LTE)and satellite *** increases its applicability for use in mobile terminals.

关键词： Antenna frequency reconfigurable PIN diode switch wireless technology

Two novel variants in CYP1B1 gene: a major contributor of autosomal recessive primary congenital glaucoma with allelic heterogeneity in Pakistani patients

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International Journal of Ophthalmology(English edition) 2019年第1期12卷 8-15页

作者： Yar Muhammad Waryah Muhammad Iqbal Shakeel Ahmed Sheikh Muhammad Azhar Baig Ashok Kumar Narsani Muhammad Atif Munir Ahmad Bhinder Attiq ur Rahman Azam Iqbal Memon Muhammad Suleman Pirzado ali Muhammad Waryah Molecular Biology and Genetics Department Liaquat University of Medical and Health Sciences Department of Biochemistry Islamia University Bahawalpur Institute of Ophthalmology Liaquat University of Medical and Health Sciences Department of Human Genetics University of Health Sciences Lahore Center of Excellence in Marine Biology University of Karachi

AIM: To find the CYP1 B1 mutations associated with primary congenital glaucoma(PCG) in Pakistani consanguineous pedigrees. METHODS: After getting informed consent, 11 consanguineous pedigrees belonging to different ethnic groups were enrolled. Detailed medical history was recorded and pedigrees were drawn. The standard ophthalmological examination was done to characterize the phenotype. Genomic DNA was extracted from 10 mL whole blood and coding exons and exon intron boundaries of CYP1 B1 gene were directly sequenced. Bioinformatics tools were used to model the mutant protein and predict the effect of novel variants on protein structure and function. RESULTS: Sequencing analysis revealed 5 different CYP1 B1 variants in 7 families(7/11; 64%), including two novel variants. A common mutation, p.R390 H was found in four families, whereas p.P437 L was found once in a family. Two novel variants, a homozygous non sense variant p.L13* and a compound heterozygous variant, p.P350 T along with p.V364 M were segregating with PCGin two families. All the patients had the variable onset and severity of the disease. The success rate of early clinical interventions was observed dependent on mutation types and position. Two different haplotypes were associated with frequently found mutation, p.R390 H. CONCLUSION: Identification of novel CYP1 B1 variants reassert the genetic heterogeneity of Pakistani PCG patients. The patients with missense mutations show severe phenotypic presentations and poor vision after surgical interventions as compare to patients with null variants. This may help to better understand the role of CYP1 B1 mutations in the development of PCG and its course of pathogenicity.

关键词： CYP1B1 mutations primary congenital glaucoma genetics

Ferroelectric and piezoelectric properties of SrZrO_3-modified Bi_(0.5)Na_(0.5)TiO_3 lead-free ceramics

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Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China 2014年第S1期24卷 146-151页

作者： Adnan MAQBOOL ali HUSSAIN Jamil ur RAHMAN Jong Kyu PARK Tae Gone PARK Jae Sung SONG Myong Ho KIM Engineering Research Center for Integrated Mechatronics Materials and Components Changwon National University Korea Electrotechnology Research Institute

The lead-free SrZrO3-modified Bi0.5Na0.5TiO3(BNT-SZ100 x, with x=0-0.15) ceramics were fabricated by a conventional solid-state reaction method. The effects of SZ addition on BNT ceramics were investigated through X-ray diffraction(XRD), scanning electron microscopy(SEM), ferroelectric and electric field-induced strain characterizations. XRD analysis revealed a pure perovskite phase without any traces of secondary phases. Ferroelectric and bipolar field induced-strain curves indicated a disruption of ferroelectric order upon SZ addition into BNT ceramics. A maximum value of remnant polarization(32 μC/cm2) and piezoelectric constant(102 pC/N) was observed at 5%(mole fraction) of SZ. Maximum value of the electric field-induced strain(Smax=0.24%) corresponding to normalized strain(Smax/Emax= d*33= 340 pm/V) was obtained at BNT-SZ9.

关键词： lead-free ceramics BNT perovskite structure field induced strain

Prevalence of Bovine Tuberculosis in Sheep at Sadar and Parbatipur Upazila under Dinajpur District in Bangladesh

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Open Journal of Veterinary Medicine 2021年第11期11卷 315-326页

作者： Ahmed ali Omar S. M. Harun-ur-Rashid Md. Haydar ali Binti Abubakar Mohamed Head of Lab at Someat Company Mogadishu Somalia Faculty of Veterinary Science in Benadir University Mogadishu Somalia Faculty of Veterinary and Animal Science Department of Pathology and Parasitology in Hajee Mohammad Danesh Science and Technology University Dinajpur Bangladesh Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Husbandry at Horsed International University Mogadishu Somalia

Tuberculosis is Zoonotic disease and infected animals continue to spread the disease to other animals and humans by excreting the germs in milk, meat, feces, and respiratory droplets, this study used bPPD (Bovine purified protein derivative) to observe TST (Tuberculin skin test) reactivity in the Sheep population in the Sadar and Parbatipur Upazilas of Dinajpur District. The research conducted from January to June of 2018. There is no history for sheep tuberculosis in the study area. Overall, 5 percent (7/140) of 140 sheep were positive, 15% (21/140) were doubtful, and 80% (112/140) were negative based on sex, age, breed, and body condition score, while lactation stage and reproduction status prevalence was 6.4 percent, 14.9 percent, and 78.7% positive, doubtful, and negative, respectively. Our findings suggest the presence of a skin test reaction response when employing the bPPD reagent, but this needs to be validated by pathological and serological techniques. Nevertheless, my preliminary investigation suggests that abattoirs must implement effective control systems and raise public awareness.

关键词： Sheep Tuberculosis Tuberculin Skin Test bPPD Reagent

OILCROP-SUN Model for Nitrogen Management of Diverse Sunflower (<i>Helianthus annus</i>L.) Hybrids Production under Agro-Climatic Conditions of Sargodha, Pakistan

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American Journal of Plant Sciences 2017年第3期8卷 412-427页

作者： Muhammad Irfan Ahmad Amjed ali Aaqil Khan Sikandar ali Jamro Alam Sher Shafeeq-ur Rahman Arif Rashid University College of Agriculture University of Sargodha Sargodha Pakistan School of Agronomy Anhui Agricultural University Hefei China Soil Fertility Laboratory University of Agriculture Faisalabad Faisalabad Pakistan Department of Crop Biotechnology Anhui Agricultural University Hefei China

Decision support system for agro-technology transfer (DSSAT), OIL CROP-SUN Model was used to stimulate the phenology, growth, yield of different two sunflower hybrids. i.e. Hysun-33 and S-78 by applying different nitrogen levels. The effect of nitrogen (N) on growth and yield components of different sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) hybrids were evaluated under agro-climatic conditions of Sargodha, Pakistan during spring 2013. The experiment was laid out in a randomized complete block design with split plot arrangement having three replications, keeping cultivars in the main plots and nitrogen levels (0, 45, 90,135 and 180 kg/ha) in sub plots. OIL CROP-SUN Model showed that the model was able to simulate the growth and yield of sunflower with an average of 10.44 error% between observed and simulate achene yield (AY). The result of simulation indicates that nitrogen rate of 180 kg/ha produced highest achene yield in S-78 hybrid as compared to other treatments and Hysun-33 cultivar.

关键词： Decision Support System for Agro-Technology Transfer Sunflower Nitrogen Achene Yield Crop Modeling

Physio-Mechanical Properties and Petrographic Analysis of NikanaiGhar Limestone KPK, Pakistan

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Open Journal of Civil Engineering 2022年第2期12卷 169-188页

作者： Syed Yasir ali Shah Dou Bin Obaidullah Javid Hussain Khaleel Hussain ali Asghar Hadi Hussain Aftab ur Rahman Geological Resources and Engineering China University of Geosciences Wuhan China Institute of Geophysics and Geomatics China University of Geosciences Wuhan China Geological Engineering China University of Geosciences Wuhan China Department of Oil and Gas Engineering China University of Geosciences Wuhan China

Petrographic, physical, and mechanical assessment investigation of NikanaiGhar limestone aggregate exposed in the Lower Dir area of Malakand Division, Pakistan, were conducted to evaluate and investigate its potential for use as a construction material for engineering projects. Different geotechnical tests and petrographic analyses were performed to evaluate its potential for construction purposes. Geotechnical tests include unconfined compressive strength, ultimate tensile strength test, specific gravity, share strength, porosity, and water absorption. The evaluated physical attributes were compared to standard specifications to determine their suitability as a construction material. Petrographic investigation indicates mainly two types of stones. Stylolitic spar stone and Spar stone are metamorphosed equivalent limestones and are not prone to alkali-silica reactivity. Mutual relationships between physical parameters have been described by simple regression analysis. Significant direct correlation of specific gravity with ultimate tensile strength and uniaxial compressive strength was noted. However, negative trends of Porosity with ultimate tensile strength and uniaxial compressive strength were observed which is in accordance with standard. The analysis revealed that the limestones of NikanaiGhar Formation fall within the standard specification limits and can be used as aggregates for the indigenous construction industry.

关键词： Potential Aggregates Geotechnical Study Petrographic Analysis Regression Analysis NikanaiGhar Limestone