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Disease Resistance in Maize and the Role of Molecular Breeding in Defending Against Global Threat

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Journal of Integrative Plant Biology 2012年第3期54卷 134-151页

作者： farhan ali Jianbing Yan National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement Huazhong Agricultural University Wuhan 430070 China Cereal Crop Research Institute （CCRI） Pirsabak Nowshehra Pakistan

Diseases are a potential threat to global food security but plants have evolved an extensive array of methodologies to cope with the invading pathogens. Non-host resistance and quantitative re- sistance are broad spectrum forms of resistance, and all kinds of resistances are controlled by extremely diverse genes called ＂R- genes＂. R-genes follow different mechanisms to defend plants and PAMP-induced defenses in susceptible host plants are referred to as basal resistance. Genetic and phenotypic diversity are vital in maize （Zea mays L.）; as such, genome wide association study （GWAS） along with certain other methodologies can explore the maximum means of genetic diversity. Exploring the complete genetic archi- tecture to manipulate maize genetically reduces the losses from hazardous diseases. Genomic studies can reveal the interaction be- tween different genes and their pathways. By confirming the specific role of these genes and protein-protein interaction （proteomics） via advanced molecular and bioinformatics tools, we can shed a light on the most complicated and abstruse phenomena of resistance.

关键词： Maize concept of pathology R-genes types of resistance genetic diversity genome wide association study.

Genetic dissection of N use efficiency using maize inbred lines and testcrosses

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The Crop Journal 2023年第4期11卷 1242-1250页

作者： Xiaoyang Liu Kunhui He farhan ali Dongdong Li Hongguang Cai Hongwei Zhang Lixing Yuan Wenxin Liu Guohua Mi Fanjun Chen Qingchun Pan Key Laboratory of Plant-Soil Interactions of Ministry of Education National Academy of Agriculture Green DevelopmentCollege of Resources and Environmental SciencesChina Agricultural UniversityBeijing 100193China Cereal Crops Research Institute Pirsabak NowsheraPakistan College of Agronomy and Biotechnology China Agricultural UniversityBeijing 100193China Institute of Agricultural Resources and Environment Jilin Academy of Agricultural SciencesChangchun 130033JilinChina Institute of Crop Science Chinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesBeijing 100081China Sanya Institute China Agricultural UniversitySanya 572025HainanChina

Although the use of heterosis in maize breeding has increased crop productivity,the genetic causes underlying heterosis for nitrogen(N) use efficiency(NUE) have been insufficiently *** this study,five N-response traits and five low-N-tolerance traits were investigated using two inbred line populations(ILs) consisting of recombinant inbred lines(RIL) and advanced backcross(ABL) populations,derived from crossing Ye478 with *** populations were crossed with P178 to construct two testcross *** populations,their testcross populations,and the midparent heterosis(MPH)for NUE were *** weight,kernel number,and kernel number per row were sensitive to N level and ILs showed higher N response than did the testcross *** on a highdensity linkage map,138 quantitative trait loci(QTL) were mapped,each explaining 5.6%–38.8% of genetic *** were 52,34 and 52 QTL for IL populations,MPH,and testcross populations,*** finding that 7.6% of QTL were common to the ILs and their testcross populations and that 11.7% were common to the MPH and testcross population indicated that heterosis for NUE traits was regulated by non-additive and non-dominant loci.A QTL on chromosome 5 explained 27% of genetic variation in all of the traits and Gln1-3 was identified as a candidate gene for this ***-wide prediction of NUE traits in the testcross populations showed 14%–51% *** results may be useful for clarifying the genetic basis of heterosis for NUE traits and the candidate gene may be used for genetic improvement of maize NUE.

关键词： Maize Nitrogen use efficiency Heterosis Genetic basis

Local nitrogen application increases maize post-silking nitrogen uptake of responsive genotypes via enhanced deep root growth

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2023年第1期22卷 235-250页

作者： CHEN Zhe REN Wei YI Xia LI Qiang CAI Hong-guang farhan ali YUAN Li-xing MI Guo-hua PAN Qing-chun CHEN Fan-jun College of Resources and Environmental Sciences/National Academy of Agriculture Green Development/Key Laboratory of Plant-Soil Interactions Ministry of EducationChina Agricultural UniversityBeijing 100193P.R.China Sanya Institute of China Agricultural University Sanya 572025P.R.China Institute of Agricultural Resource and Environment Jilin Academy of Agricultural SciencesChangchun 130033P.R.China Cereal Crops Research Institute Pirsabak Nowshera 24110Pakistan

Nitrogen(N)is unevenly distributed throughout the soil and plant roots proliferate in N-rich soil ***,the relationship between the root response to localized N supply and maize N uptake efficiency among different genotypes is *** this study,four maize varieties were evaluated to explore genotypic differences in the root response to local N application in relation to N uptake.A split-root system was established for hydroponically-grown plants and two methods of local N application(local banding and local dotting)were examined in the *** differences in the root length response to N were highly correlated between the hydroponic and field conditions(r>0.99).Genotypes showing high response to N,ZD958,XY335 and XF32D22,showed 50‒63%longer lateral root length and 36‒53%greater root biomass in N-rich regions under hydroponic conditions,while the LY13 genotype did not respond to *** field conditions,the root length of the high-response genotypes was found to increase by 66‒75%at 40‒60 cm soil depth,while LY13 showed smaller changes in root *** addition,local N application increased N uptake at the post-silking stage by 16‒88%in the high-response genotypes and increased the grain yield of ZD958 by 10‒12%.Moreover,yield was positively correlated with root length at 40‒60 cm soil depth(r=0.39).We conclude that local fertilization should be used for high-response genotypes,which can be rapidly identified at the seedling stage,and selection for“local-N responsive roots”can be a promising trait in maize breeding for high nitrogen uptake efficiency.

关键词： genotypic difference local nitrogen maize nitrogen efficient root

Numerical Investigations of Flow Pattern and Anti-Vortex Measures of the Pumping Station Forebay

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Numerical Investigations of Flow Pattern and Anti-Vortex Mea...

作者： Ahmed Nasr Elsayed ali Nasr farhan 扬州大学

学位级别：硕士

泵站前池是外河和进水池（进水流道）的连接段,其作用是为了保证水流在从外河流向进水池（进水流道）的过程中能够平顺地扩散,为进水池（进水流道）提供良好的流态。依据水流方向,前池可分为正向进水前池和侧向进水前池两种基本类型,侧... 详细信息

泵站前池是外河和进水池（进水流道）的连接段,其作用是为了保证水流在从外河流向进水池（进水流道）的过程中能够平顺地扩散,为进水池（进水流道）提供良好的流态。依据水流方向,前池可分为正向进水前池和侧向进水前池两种基本类型,侧向进水前池拥有占的地方少、投资省等各种特点,在中国的农业灌溉、火电厂循环供水及城战给水排水泵站中较为常见,若泵站兴建所处地形条件狭窄、正向进水不容易布置的情况下常采用侧向进水前池,此时侧向进水前池的水流与进水池（进水流道）水流方向正交或斜交,因流向的改变,前池内易形成回流或旋涡,流速分布变得不均匀,流态紊乱,造成进水池（进水流道）入口处流速分布不均匀,将会导致泵装置水力效率从而降低,影响泵装置中安全稳定的运行,并缩短水泵的使用寿命。本论文以江苏省徐州市翟山大沟泵站为本次的研究对象,该泵站的前池为典型的侧向进水结构且前池具有较大纵向底坡,为明确该泵站侧向进水前池的流场分布特征并且能够确保机组安全稳定的运行,本文将使用数值模拟技术的方法对该泵站的侧向进水前池内流场进行数值模拟,通过定性和定量相结合的分析方法揭示前池的流场特征并对前池流态调控措施的流场调控效果进行对比和分析,优选整流措施,为实际工程提供技术支撑,也为同类型泵站的前池流态调控提供参考。目前,国内外一些学者针对泵站前池的流场及流态调控措施的研究展开了不少的研究工作,研究方法主要集中于数值模拟和物理模型试验。随着实际泵站工程规模越来越大且复杂,物理模型试验的研究方式越来越不经济,且具有耗时长、人力受限和所需场地大等诸多困难而在前池流场及流态调控研究中应用的较少,随着CFD（Computational Fluid Dynamic）技术的不断发展和成熟。通过中国知网以及其他等数据库的文献查询,采用数值模拟技术研究前池流场的论文占比89.33%,CFD数值模拟技术具有省时、省工及研究成本低的优点在前池流场及流态调控中的应用也变得越来越多,很多学者采用CFD数值模拟技术模拟实际泵站工程的运行以得出问题并分析解决,通过数值模拟结果提出了流态调控措施解决实际泵站前池中的流态问题,对实际工程的前池流场做出改善,同时和物理模型试验相比,CFD数值模拟技术可模拟更大范围的泵站建筑物并更快捷、更经济地获得结论,本文对泵站前池流场及流态调控措施的研究采用数值模拟技术。翟山大沟泵站主要承担暴雨季排除多余的降水,在旱季为了能够保证农作物的正常需水,属于农业灌排泵站。泵站有四个进水池,每个进水池都装有潜水轴流泵装置单机设计流量为4.25 m3/s,泵站总设计流量为17 m3/s,每台泵之间的间距为4.4 m,进水池的长度为9.8m。引河的研究尺寸为:长83.3m,宽11.2m。该泵站受限于实际地形条件布置,前池通过两个斜坡与进水池相连接,第一级斜坡高差为1.1 m,第二级斜坡高差为4.9 m。（一）研究内容及技术路线（1）采用数值模拟技术分析翟山大沟泵站的侧向进水前池的流场分布特征;（2）针对该侧向进水前池的流态特征,提出不同的整流措施并开展数值计算;（3）采用定量和定性相结合的方法对比分析各整流措施方案与初设方案的前池流场的差异性,选优合适的整流方案。本文采用Solidworks三维建模软件对翟山大沟泵站引河、前池、进水池和潜水泵进行流体域的整体三维建模,通过网格数量无关性和网格收敛性确定数值计算网格数量从而确保数值计算的有效性,在分析初设方案前池流场特征的基础上提出若干侧向进水前池的整流措施,并通过定量和定性相结合的方法对比分析各整流措施方案,最终优选合适的整流措施,本文所研究的技术路线如图1所示:图1技术路线图（二）数值计算方法基于对三维不可压缩流体的雷诺时均N-S方程和RNG k-ε湍流模型,RNG k-ε湍流模型计算式如式（1）所示,壁面函数采用可伸缩壁面函数处理近壁区流动,采用ANSYSCFX软件对翟山大沟泵站的引河、前池、进水池和潜水泵的流场进行整体数值求解。非结构化网格拥有着很强的自适应几何形体的优点,则引河、前池、进水池和潜水泵均使用非结构化网格剖分,针对流场分析的重点关注区域进行了局部网格加密处理。计算模型的进口边界条件设置为流量,出口边界条件设置为压力,固体壁面采用无滑移壁面处理,引河的平均粗糙度设置为2.5 mm,前池和进水池的壁面粗糙度设置为2 mm。引河、前池和进水池的表面为自由液面,忽略空气对水面产生的切应力和热交换采用对称平面条件,各相连过流建筑物的交界面均采用静静交界面。泵站前池数值计算各物理量的残差收敛精度设置为1×10-6。RANS可以如下进行:（1）k方程可以表示为:（2）ε方程可以定义为:（3）ε方程可以从RANS方程得到。涡流粘度为:μt=ρCμk2/ε（4）常数σκ,σε,C1,C2,＆Cμ是根据软件ANSYS-CFX中基于实验数据在5%

关键词：泵站前池流态数值模拟整流侧向进水

IDS-INT:Intrusion detection system using transformer-based transfer learning for imbalanced network traffic

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Digital Communications and Networks 2024年第1期10卷 190-204页

作者： farhan Ullah Shamsher Ullah Gautam Srivastava Jerry Chun-Wei Lin School of Software Northwestern Polytechnical UniversityXian710072ShaanxiChina Knowledge Unit of Systems and Technology University of Management and TechnologySialkot 51040Pakistan Department of Math and Computer Science Brandon UniversityBrandonMB R7A 6A9Canada Department of Computer Science and Math Lebanese American UniversityBeirut1102Lebanon Western Norway University of Applied Sciences BergenNorway Research Centre for Interneural Computing China Medical UniversityTaichungTaiwanChina

A network intrusion detection system is critical for cyber security against llegitimate *** terms of feature perspectives,network traffic may include a variety of elements such as attack reference,attack type,a subcategory of attack,host information,malicious scripts,*** terms of network perspectives,network traffic may contain an imbalanced number of harmful attacks when compared to normal *** is challenging to identify a specific attack due to complex features and data imbalance *** address these issues,this paper proposes an Intrusion Detection System using transformer-based transfer learning for Imbalanced Network Traffic(IDS-INT).IDS-INT uses transformer-based transfer learning to learn feature interactions in both network feature representation and imbalanced ***,detailed information about each type of attack is gathered from network interaction descriptions,which include network nodes,attack type,reference,host information,***,the transformer-based transfer learning approach is developed to learn detailed feature representation using their semantic ***,the Synthetic Minority Oversampling Technique(SMOTE)is implemented to balance abnormal traffic and detect minority ***,the Convolution Neural Network(CNN)model is designed to extract deep features from the balanced network ***,the hybrid approach of the CNN-Long Short-Term Memory(CNN-LSTM)model is developed to detect different types of attacks from the deep *** experiments are conducted to test the proposed approach using three standard datasets,i.e.,UNsWNB15,CIC-IDS2017,and *** explainable AI approach is implemented to interpret the proposed method and develop a trustable model.

关键词： Network intrusion detection Transfer learning Features extraction Imbalance data Explainable AI Cybersecurity

ROBO-SPOT:Detecting Robocalls by Understanding User Engagement and Connectivity Graph

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Big Data Mining and Analytics 2024年第2期7卷 340-356页

作者： Muhammad Ajmal Azad Junaid Arshad farhan Riaz College of Comnputer Science Birmingham City UniversityBirminghamB55JUUK School of Computer Science University of LincolnLincolnLN67TSUK

Robo or unsolicited calls have become a persistent issue in telecommunication networks,posing significant challenges to individuals,businesses,and regulatory *** calls not only trick users into disclosing their private and financial information,but also affect their productivity through unwanted phone ringing.A proactive approach to identify and block such unsolicited calls is essential to protect users and service providers from potential ***,this paper proposes a solution to identify robo-callers in the telephony network utilising a set of novel features to evaluate the trustworthiness of callers in a *** trust score of the callers is then used along with machine learning models to classify them as legitimate or *** use a large anonymized dataset(call detailed records)from a large telecommunication provider containing more than 1 billion records collected over 10 *** have conducted extensive evaluation demonstrating that the proposed approach achieves high accuracy and detection rate whilst minimizing the error ***,the proposed features when used collectively achieve a true-positive rate of around 97%with a false-positive rate of less than 0.01%.

关键词： social network analysis reputation unwanted calls robo-callers telephone network Spam Over Internet Technology(SPIT)

Overall Assessment of Heat Transfer for a Rarefied Flow in a Microchannel with Obstacles Using Lattice Boltzmann Method

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工程与科学中的计算机建模(英文) 2024年第1期138卷 273-299页

作者： Siham Hammid Khatir Naima Omolayo M.Ikumapayi Cheikh Kezrane Abdelkrim Liazid Jihad Asad Mokdad Hayawi Rahman farhan Lafta Rashid Naseer ali Hussien Younes Menni Laboratory of Development in Mechanics and Materials(LDMM) Zian Achour UniversityDjelfaPB 3117Algeria Department of Technology University Center Salhi Ahmed Naama(Ctr.Univ.Naama)P.O.Box 66Naama45000Algeria Department of Mechanical and Mechatronics Engineering Afe Babalola University Ado Ekiti360101Nigeria Departement of Physics Faculty of ScienceAbou Bekr Belkaid UniversityTlemcen13000Algeria Department of Physics Faculty of Applied SciencesPalestine Technical University-KadoorieTulkarmPalestine Aeronautical Technical Engineering Al-Farahidi UniversityBaghdad10011Iraq Mechanical Engineering Department University of KerbalaKarbala56001Iraq Information and Communication Technology Research Group Scientific Research CenterAl-Ayen UniversityThi-QarIraq National University of Science and Technology Dhi QarIraq

The objective of this investigation is to assess the effect of obstacles on numerical heat transfer and fluid flow momentum in a rectangular microchannel(MC).Two distinct configurations were studied:one without obstacles and the other with alternating obstacles placed on the upper and lower *** research utilized the thermal lattice Boltzmann method(LBM),which solves the energy and momentum equations of fluids with the BGK approximation,implemented in a Python coding *** jump and slip velocity conditions were utilized in the simulation for the MC and extended to all obstacle *** study aims to analyze the rarefaction effect,with Knudsen numbers(Kn)of 0.012,0.02,and *** outcomes indicate that rarefaction has a significant impact on the velocity and temperature *** presence of nine obstacles led to slower fluid movement inside the microchannel MC,resulting in faster cooling at the *** MCs with obstacles,the rarefaction effect plays a crucial role in decreasing the Nusselt number(Nu)and skin friction coefficient(Cf).Furthermore,the study demonstrated that the obstacles played a crucial role in boosting fluid flow and heat transfer in the *** findings suggest that the examined configurations could have potential applications as cooling technologies in micro-electro-mechanical systems and microdevice applications.

关键词： Microfluid rarefied flow LBM microchannel Knudsen number numerical simulation

A Novel Hybrid Ensemble Learning Approach for Enhancing Accuracy and Sustainability in Wind Power Forecasting

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2024年第5期79卷 3373-3395页

作者： farhan Ullah Xuexia Zhang Mansoor Khan Muhammad Abid Abdullah Mohamed School of Electrical Engineering Southwest Jiaotong UniversityChengdu611756China College of Intelligent Manufacturing and Control Engineering Qilu Institute of TechnologyJinan250200China College of Aerospace and Civil Engineering Harbin Engineering UniversityHarbin150001China Research Centre Future University in EgyptNew Cairo11835Egypt

Accurate wind power forecasting is critical for system integration and stability as renewable energy reliance *** approaches frequently struggle with complex data and non-linear connections. This article presentsa novel approach for hybrid ensemble learning that is based on rigorous requirements engineering *** approach finds significant parameters influencing forecasting accuracy by evaluating real-time Modern-EraRetrospective Analysis for Research and Applications (MERRA2) data from several European Wind farms usingin-depth stakeholder research and requirements elicitation. Ensemble learning is used to develop a robust model,while a temporal convolutional network handles time-series complexities and data gaps. The ensemble-temporalneural network is enhanced by providing different input parameters including training layers, hidden and dropoutlayers along with activation and loss functions. The proposed framework is further analyzed by comparing stateof-the-art forecasting models in terms of Root Mean Squared Error (RMSE) and Mean Absolute Error (MAE),respectively. The energy efficiency performance indicators showed that the proposed model demonstrates errorreduction percentages of approximately 16.67%, 28.57%, and 81.92% for MAE, and 38.46%, 17.65%, and 90.78%for RMSE for MERRAWind farms 1, 2, and 3, respectively, compared to other existingmethods. These quantitativeresults show the effectiveness of our proposed model with MAE values ranging from 0.0010 to 0.0156 and RMSEvalues ranging from 0.0014 to 0.0174. This work highlights the effectiveness of requirements engineering in windpower forecasting, leading to enhanced forecast accuracy and grid stability, ultimately paving the way for moresustainable energy solutions.

关键词： Ensemble learning machine learning real-time data analysis stakeholder analysis temporal convolutional network wind power forecasting

RNA-seq reveals mechanisms of SlMX1 for enhanced carotenoids and terpenoids accumulation along with stress resistance in tomato

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Science Bulletin 2017年第7期62卷 476-485页

作者： Mohamed Ewas Yangqiang Gao farhan ali Elsayed M. Nishawy Raheel Shahzad Hizar Subthain Mohamed Amar Cathie Martin Jie Luo National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement and National Center of Plant Gene Research (Wuhan) College of Life Sdence and Technology Huazhong Agricultural University Wuhan 430070 China Egyptian Deserts Gene Bank (EDGB) Genetic Resources Department Cairo Egypt Deserts Research Center (DRC) Cairo Egypt John lnnes Centre Norwich Research Park Colney Norwich NR4 7UH UK

Improving nutritional fruit quality and impacts important agro-traits such as biotic or abiotic stresses are extremely important for human *** previous study reported that manipulation of Sl MX1 gene enhanced carotenoids accumulation and drought resistance in ***,RNA-Seq analysis proved to be a very useful tool to provide insights into the regulatory mechanisms of Sl MX1 involved in stress resistance and enhanced secondary *** analysis showed that overexpression of Sl MX1 results in substantially increased broad-spectrum tolerance to a wide-range of abiotic and biotic(fungus,bacteria,virus and insects) stresses in *** research appears to be of remarkable interest because enhanced terpenoids content has been achieved by increasing trichome *** addition,we reported two types of trichome which seems to be aberrant types in *** study unravels the mechanism of regulation of Sl MX1,which simultaneously modulates resistance and metabolic processes through regulating key structural and regulatory genes of the corresponding pathways.

关键词： Tomato SlMX1 Resistance Carotenoids Terpenoids Mechanism RNA Seq