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An Algorithm to Reduce Compression Ratio in Multimedia Applications

Computers, Materials & Continua 2023年第1期74卷 539-557页

作者： Dur-e-Jabeen Tahmina Khan Rumaisa Iftikhar ali akbar Siddique Samiya Asghar Department of Electronic Engineering Sir Syed University of Engineering&TechnologyKarachiPakistan Department of Information&Computer Science Sir Syed University of Engineering&TechnologyKarachiPakistan

In recent years,it has been evident that internet is the most effective means of transmitting information in the form of documents,photographs,or videos around the *** purpose of an image compression method is to encode a picture with fewer bits while retaining the decompressed image’s visual *** transmission,this massive data necessitates a lot of channel *** order to overcome this problem,an effective visual compression approach is required to resize this large amount of *** work is based on lossy image compression and is offered for static color *** quantization procedure determines the compressed data quality *** images are converted from RGB to International Commission on Illumination CIE La^(∗)b^(∗);and YCbCr color spaces before being *** the transform domain,the color planes are encoded using the proposed quantization *** improve the efficiency and quality of the compressed image,the standard quantization matrix is updated with the respective image *** used seven discrete orthogonal transforms,including five variations of the Complex Hadamard Transform,Discrete Fourier Transform and Discrete Cosine Transform,as well as thresholding,quantization,de-quantization and inverse discrete orthogonal transforms with CIE La^(∗)b^(∗);and YCbCr to RGB *** to signal noise ratio,signal to noise ratio,picture similarity index and compression ratio are all used to assess the quality of compressed *** the relevant transforms,the image size and bits per pixel are also *** the(n,n)block of transform,adaptive scanning is used to acquire the best feasible compression *** of these characteristics,multimedia systems and services have a wide range of possible applications.

关键词： Color image compression color spaces discrete orthogonal transforms(DOTs) peak-to-signal noise ratio(PSNR) similarity index

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Nonvisual ganglion cells, circuits and nonvisual pigments

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Chinese Medical Journal 2009年第18期122卷 2199-2200页

作者： ali akbar Kashani WANG Huai-zhou WANG Ning-li 436 North Roxbury Drive Suite 114 Beverly HillsCa 90210USA） Beijing Tongren Eye Center Beijing Tongren HospitalCapital Medical UniversityBeijing 100730China）

To the editor： WANG and his colleagues provided the evidence that ＂both melanopsin-containing and super/or collicular retinal ganglion cells were damaged by chronic ocular hypertension, indicating that glaucomatous neural degeneration involves the non-image-forming visual pathway＂） These cells as the authors have beautifully described dealing with a variety of functions including biological clock; pupillary light reaction and they are affected by glaucoma. The report is scientific and quite interesting. I would like to congratulate the authors for their superb studies.

关键词： retinal ganglion cells ocular hypertension provided visual neural

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Cyclic voltammetry and potentiodynamic polarization studies of chalcopyrite concentrate in glycine medium

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Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China 2021年第2期31卷 545-554页

作者： Maryam KHEZRI Bahram REZAI ali akbar ABDOLLAHZADEH Benjamin PWILSON Mehdi MOLAEINASAB Mari LUNDSTRÖM Department of Mining and Metallurgical Engineering Amirkabir University of Technology(Tehran Polytechnic)TehranIran Department of Mining Engineering University of KashanKashanIran Department of Chemical and Metallurgical Engineering(CMET) School of Chemical EngineeringAalto UniversityP.O.Box 16200EspooFinland Sarcheshmeh Copper Complex National Iranian Copper Industries CompanyRafsanjanIran

Cyclic voltammetry and potentiodynamic polarization analyses were utilized to investigate the mechanism and kinetics of glycine leaching reactions for *** effects of pH(9−12),temperature(30−90℃)and glycine concentration(0−2 mol/L)on corrosion current density,corrosion potential and cyclic voltammograms were investigated using chalcopyrite concentrate−carbon paste *** showed that an increase in the glycine concentration from 0 to 2 mol/L led to an increased oxidation peak current *** the same conditions,corrosion current density was found to change from approximately 28 to 89μA/cm2,whereas corrosion potential was decreased from−80 to−130 *** temperatures enhanced the measured current densities up to 60℃;however,above this level,current density was observed to decrease.A similar current density behavior was determined with pH.A pH change from 9 to 10.5 resulted in an increase in current density and pH higher than 10.5 gave rise to a reduced current *** addition,the thermodynamic stability of copper and iron oxides was found to increase at higher temperatures.

关键词： glycine corrosion current density corrosion potential electrochemical behaior chalcopyrite concentrate

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Standardization of proton-induced x-ray emission technique for analysis of thick samples

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Chinese Physics B 2015年第9期24卷 171-176页

作者： Shad ali Johar Zeb Abdul Ahad Ishfaq Ahmad M.Haneef Jehan akbar Department of Physics Hazara University National Center of Physics (NCP)

This paper describes the standardization of the proton-induced x-ray emission（PIXE） technique for finding the elemental composition of thick samples. For the standardization, three different samples of standard reference materials（SRMs） were analyzed using this technique and the data were compared with the already known data of these certified SRMs. These samples were selected in order to cover the maximum range of elements in the periodic table. Each sample was irradiated for three different values of collected beam charges at three different times. A proton beam of 2.57 Me V obtained using 5UDH-II Pelletron accelerator was used for excitation of x-rays from the sample. The acquired experimental data were analyzed using the GUPIXWIN software. The results show that the SRM data and the data obtained using the PIXE technique are in good agreement.

关键词： standardization thick samples PIXE analysis

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The new types of wave solutions of the Burger’s equation and the Benjamin-Bona-Mahony equation

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Journal of Ocean Engineering and Science 2018年第1期3卷 1-10页

作者： Md.Azmol Huda M.ali akbar Shewli Shamim Shanta Mathematics Discipline Khulna UniversityBangladesh Department of Applied Mathematics University of RajshahiBangladesh Department of Mathematics University of RajshahiBangladesh

In this article,we suggest the two variable(G/G,1/G)-expansion method for extracting further general closed form wave solutions of two important nonlinear evolution equations(NLEEs)that model one-dimensional internal waves in deep water and the long surface gravity waves of small amplitude propagating *** method can be regarded as an extension of the(G/G)-expansion *** ansatz of this extension method to obtain the solution is based on homogeneous balance between the highest order dispersion terms and nonlinearity which is similar to the(G/G)method whereas the auxiliary linear ordinary differential equation(LODE)and polynomial solution *** applied this method to find explicit form solutions to the Burger’s and Benjamin-Bona-Mahony(BBM)equations to examine the effectiveness of the method and tested through mathematical computational software *** new exact travelling wave solutions in more general form of these two nonlinear equations are derived by this extended *** method introduced here appears to be easier and faster comparatively by means of symbolic computation system.

关键词： Travelling wave solution Soliton Burger’s equation Benjamin-Bona-Mahony equation.

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A study on the compatibility of the generalized Kudryashov method to determine wave solutions

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Propulsion and Power Research 2021年第1期10卷 95-105页

作者： Hemonta Kumar Barman Md.Ekramul Islam M.ali akbar Department of Applied Mathematics University of RajshahiRajshahi6205Bangladesh Department of Mathematics Pabna University of Science and TechnologyPabna6600Bangladesh

In this article,we establish solitary wave solutions to the Estevez-MansfieldClarkson(EMC)equation and the coupled sine-Gordon equations which are model equations to analyze the formation of shapes in liquid drops,surfaces of negative constant curvature,*** contriving the generalized Kudryashov *** extracted results introduce several types’solitary waves,such as the kink soliton,bell-shape soliton,compacton,singular soliton,peakon and other sort of soliton for distinct valuation of the unknown *** achieved analytic solutions are interpreted in details and their 2D and 3D graphs are *** obtained solutions and the physical structures explain the soliton phenomenon and reproduce the dynamic properties of the front of the travelling wave deformation generated in the dispersive *** shows that the generalized Kudryashov method is powerful,compatible and might be used in further works to found novel solutions for other types of nonlinear evolution equations ascending in physical science and engineering.

关键词： The nonlinear evolution equations(NLEEs) The Estevez-MansfieldClarkson(EMC)equation The coupled sineGordon equations The generalized Kudryashov method Solitons Analytic solutions

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Abundant general solitary wave solutions to the family of KdV type equations

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Journal of Ocean Engineering and Science 2017年第1期2卷 47-54页

作者： Md.Azmol Huda M.ali akbar Shewli Shamim Shanta Mathematics Discipline Khulna UniversityKhulnaBangladesh Department of Applied Mathematics University of RajshahiRajshahiBangladesh Department of Mathematics University of RajshahiRajshahiBangladesh

This work explores the construction of more general exact traveling wave solutions of some nonlinear evolution equations(NLEEs)through the application of the(G/G,1/G)-expansion *** method is allied to the widely used(G/G)-method initiated by Wang et *** can be considered as an extension of the(G/G)-expansion *** effectiveness,the method is applied to the family of KdV type *** general form solitary wave solutions as well as periodic solutions are successfully obtained through this ***,in the obtained wider set of solutions,if we set special values of the parameters,some previously known solutions are *** approach of this method is simple and elegantly *** been computerized it is also powerful,reliable and effective.

关键词： Nonlinear evolution equation Solitary wave solution Potential KdV equation Complex modified KdV equation

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EXPERIMENTAL AND FIELD STUDY ON MINING-PIT MIGRATION

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International Journal of Sediment Research 2002年第4期17卷 323-331页

作者： S.ali akbar Salehi NEYSHABOURI,ali FARHADZADEH,Ata AMINI Civil Engineering Dept. University of Tarbiat Modarres University of Tarbiat Modarres University of Tarbiat Modarres Assistant Professor P.O.Box14115-143 Tehran Iran Ph.D.Student Msc.Student

Rivers are one of the most essential sources of sand and gravel supply for civil works. However, undesirable effects of irregular in-stream mining have been reported on natural sources, environment and infrastructures close to rivers. Therefore, it is necessary to find the effects of mining on rivers in more details. This research concentrates on mining-pit migration phenomenon and its effects on the channel bed. This paper reports an experimental study on the migration of rectangular mining pits and variation of longitudinal profile in the channel bed composed of rather uniform sediments. Different values of widths and lengths were used for pit while pit depths and flow variables were kept constant. The results show that the migration speed changes with the length/width ratio of the pit. The migration speed in convection period is higher than that in diffusion period. In addition, by increasing the length or width, filling rate of pit increases, where the effect of width is more important than the effect of the length. Also is reported in this paper a field study on the changes of three pits excavated at different locations of a river. Some similarities between the pit migration in the straight reach of the river and that of the experimental work is realized and presented.

关键词： Pit migration Sand and gravel mining Experiment Field study

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Cobalt Determination by Means of Flow Injection On-line Sorbent Preconcentration-Flame Atomic Absorption Spectrometry with 1-Nitroso-2-naphthol as a Complexing Reagent

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Chemical Research in Chinese Universities 2001年第3期17卷 264-270页

作者： YIN Xue-feng ali akbar XU Guang-ming LING Yun-yang GAO Jian YE Mei-ying Department of Chemistry Zhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310027P.R.China

The suitability of 1-nitroso-2-naphthol(NN) as a complexing agent for on-line preconcentration of cobalt eluted on the C_(18) microcolumn by means of the FI-FAAS system was tested. Various parameters affecting the complex formation and its elution were optimized. A 2.3×10^(-3) mol/L reagent solution and the aqueous sample solution acidified with 0.1% (volume fraction) nitric acid were on-line mixed (6.4 mL/min) on a reaction coil set at (65±1)℃ and flowed through the microcolumn for 30 s. The pH of the mixed solution was adjusted to 3—4 with HNO_3(1 mol/L) or NaOH(1 mol/L). The adsorbed complexes in the microcolumn were eluted into the nebulizer of FAAS in 10 s with ethanol acidified with 1% HNO_3(3.0 mL/min). A good precision(1.6% for 100μg/L Co(Ⅱ), n=10), a high enrichment factor 17.2, with detection limit (3σ) 3.2μg/L, and sample throughput (90 h^(-1)) were obtained. The method was applied to the certified reference materials(CRMs), NBS-362 and NBS-364, for the determination of cobalt and the results were in good agreement with the certified values.

关键词： Cobalt FI on-line preconcentration AAS 1-Nitroso-2-naphthol

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Investigation of the sodium storage mechanism of iron fluoride hydrate cathodes using X-ray absorption spectroscopy and mossbauer spectroscopy

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2023年第2期77卷 535-542,I0014页

作者： Ghulam ali Muhammad akbar Faiza Jan Iftikhar Qamar Wali Beata Kalska Szostko Dariusz Satuła Kyung Yoon Chung Energy Storage Research Center Korea Institute of Science and TechnologyHwarang-ro 14 gil 5Seongbuk-guSeoul 02792South Korea USPCAS-E National University of Sciences and Technology(NUST)H-12Islamabad 44000Pakistan Division of Energy&Environment Technology KIST SchoolKorea University of Science and Technology(UST)Hwarang-ro 14-gil-5Seongbuk-guSeoul 02792South Korea NUTECH School of Applied Sciences and Humanities National University of TechnologyIslamabad 44000Pakistan University of Białystok Faculty of ChemistryCiołkowskiego 1K15-424 BiałystokPoland University of Białystok Faculty of PhysicsCiołkowskiego 1L15-424 BiałystokPoland

Elucidation of a reaction mechanism is the most critical aspect for designing electrodes for highperformance secondary ***,we investigate the sodium insertion/extraction into an iron fluoride hydrate(FeF_(3)·0.5H_(2)O)electrode for sodium-ion batteries(SIBs).The electrode material is prepared by employing an ionic liquid 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium-tetrafluoroborate,which serves as a reaction medium and precursor for F^(-)*** crystal structure of FeF_(3)·0.5H_(2)O is observed as pyrochlore type with large open 3-D tunnels and a unit cell volume of 1129A^(3).The morphology of FeF_(3)·0.5H_(2)O is spherical shape with a mesoporous *** microstructure analysis reveals primary particle size of around 10 *** FeF_(3)·0.5H_(2)O cathode exhibits stable discharge capacities of 158,210,and 284 mA h g^(-1) in three different potential ranges of 1.5-4.5,1.2-4.5,and 1.0-4.5 V,respectively at 0.05 C *** specific capacities remained stable in over 50 cycles in all three potential ranges,while the rate capability was best in the potential range of 1.5-4.5 *** electrochemical sodium storage mechanism is studied using X-ray absorption spectroscopy,indicating higher conversion at a more discharged ***-situ M?ssbauer spectroscopy strengthens the results for reversible reduction/oxidation of *** results will be favorable to establish high-performance cathode materials with selective voltage window for SIBs.

关键词： Iron fluoride Sodium-ion batteries Pyrochlore X-ray absorption spectroscopy Mössbauer spectroscopy

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