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CNN Accelerator Using Proposed Diagonal Cyclic Array for Minimizing Memory Accesses

Computers, Materials & Continua 2023年第8期76卷 1665-1687页

作者： Hyun-Wook Son ali aal-hamid Yong-Seok Na Dong-Yeong Lee Hyung-Won Kim Department of Electronics College of Electrical and Computer EngineeringChungbuk National UniversityCheongju28644Korea Department of Electrical Engineering College of EngineeringAl-Azhar UniversityCairo11651Egypt

This paper presents the architecture of a Convolution Neural Network(CNN)accelerator based on a newprocessing element(PE)array called a diagonal cyclic array(DCA).As demonstrated,it can significantly reduce the burden of repeated memory accesses for feature data and weight parameters of the CNN models,which maximizes the data reuse rate and improve the computation ***,an integrated computation architecture has been implemented for the activation function,max-pooling,and activation function after convolution calculation,reducing the hardware *** evaluate the effectiveness of the proposed architecture,a CNN accelerator has been implemented for You Only Look Once version 2(YOLOv2)-Tiny consisting of 9 ***,the methodology to optimize the local buffer size with little sacrifice of inference speed is presented in this *** implemented the proposed CNN accelerator using a Xilinx Zynq ZCU102 Ultrascale+Field Programmable Gate Array(FPGA)and ISE Design *** FPGA implementation uses 34,336 Look Up Tables(LUTs),576 Digital Signal Processing(DSP)blocks,and an on-chip memory of only 58 KB,and it could achieve accuracies of 57.92% and 56.42% mean Average Precession@0.5 thresholds for intersection over union(mAP@0.5)using quantized 16-bit and 8-bit full integer data manipulation with only 0.68% as a loss for 8-bit version and computation time of 137.9 and 69 ms for each input image respectively using a clock speed of 200 *** speeds are expected to be doubled five times using a clock speed of 1GHz if implemented in a silicon System on Chip(SoC)using a sub-micron process.

关键词： CNN accelerator systolic array memory optimization YOLOv2-tiny mAP@0.5

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Advanced Optimized Anomaly Detection System for IoT Cyberattacks Using Artificial Intelligence

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2024年第2期78卷 1525-1545页

作者： ali hamid Farea Omar H.Alhazmi Kerem Kucuk Department of Computer Science Taibah UniversityMedina42315Saudi Arabia Department of Software Engineering Kocaeli UniversityKocaeli41001Turkey

While emerging technologies such as the Internet of Things(IoT)have many benefits,they also pose considerable security challenges that require innovative solutions,including those based on artificial intelligence(AI),given that these techniques are increasingly being used by malicious actors to compromise IoT *** an ample body of research focusing on conventional AI methods exists,there is a paucity of studies related to advanced statistical and optimization approaches aimed at enhancing security *** contribute to this nascent research stream,a novel AI-driven security system denoted as“AI2AI”is presented in this ***2AI employs AI techniques to enhance the performance and optimize security mechanisms within the IoT *** also introduce the Genetic Algorithm Anomaly Detection and Prevention Deep Neural Networks(GAADPSDNN)sys-tem that can be implemented to effectively identify,detect,and prevent cyberattacks targeting IoT ***,this system demonstrates adaptability to both federated and centralized learning environments,accommodating a wide array of IoT *** evaluation of the GAADPSDNN system using the recently complied WUSTL-IIoT and Edge-IIoT datasets underscores its *** an impressive overall accuracy of 98.18%on the Edge-IIoT dataset,the GAADPSDNN outperforms the standard deep neural network(DNN)classifier with 94.11%***,with the proposed enhancements,the accuracy of the unoptimized random forest classifier(80.89%)is improved to 93.51%,while the overall accuracy(98.18%)surpasses the results(93.91%,94.67%,94.94%,and 94.96%)achieved when alternative systems based on diverse optimization techniques and the same dataset are *** proposed optimization techniques increase the effectiveness of the anomaly detection system by efficiently achieving high accuracy and reducing the computational load on IoT devices through the adaptive selection of active features.

关键词： Internet of Things security anomaly detection and prevention system artificial intelligence optimization techniques

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用机械涂层技术在Ti-6Al-4V基体表面沉积HA/Ti复合涂层与功能梯度涂层的表征、磨损行为和生物相容性

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Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China 2024年第2期34卷 547-559页

作者： Mahmood JALali BIDAKHAVIDI hamid OMIDVAR ali ZAMANIAN Jamshid AGHAZADEH MOHANDESI hamid JALali Department of Materials and Metallurgical Engineering Amirkabir University of Technology(Tehran Polytechnic)Hafez AveP.O.Box 15875-4413TehranIran Department of Nanotechnology and Advanced Materials Materials and Energy Research CenterKarajIran School of Dentistry Tehran University of Medical SciencesTehranIran

采用机械涂层技术在Ti-6Al-4V基体表面沉积HA/Ti复合涂层与功能梯度涂层(FGC),对涂层进行表征,对比其磨损行为和生物相容性。制备复合涂层所用初始粉末为50%Ti(质量分数)和50%HA(质量分数)的混合粉末,而FGC分为两层,分别为75%Ti+25%HA和... 详细信息

采用机械涂层技术在Ti-6Al-4V基体表面沉积HA/Ti复合涂层与功能梯度涂层(FGC),对涂层进行表征,对比其磨损行为和生物相容性。制备复合涂层所用初始粉末为50%Ti(质量分数)和50%HA(质量分数)的混合粉末,而FGC分为两层,分别为75%Ti+25%HA和25%Ti+75%HA(质量分数)。XRD结果表明在沉积过程中没有发生相变。此外,由于原始混合粉末中存在Ti颗粒,在涂层和基体之间形成了结合良好的连续界面,特别是在功能梯度涂层样品中。磨损实验结果显示,非梯度复合涂层的摩擦因数约为0.37,在界面处发生突变,而功能梯度涂层的摩擦因数从0.32增加到0.5,在界面处发生平缓变化。磨损表面的SEM像表明涂层的主要磨损机制为磨粒磨损。生物相容性评价结果显示,FGC样品具有更好的细胞黏附和增殖能力。

关键词：机械涂层技术羟基磷灰石 Ti-6Al-4V基体功能梯度涂层摩擦因数

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Genuine entanglement under squeezed generalized amplitude damping channels with memory

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Chinese Physics B 2024年第2期33卷 158-163页

作者： Mazhar ali Department of Electrical Engineering Faculty of EngineeringIslamic University MadinahMadinah 107Saudi Arabia

We study genuine entanglement among three qubits undergoing a noisy process that includes dissipation, squeezing,and decoherence. We obtain a general solution and analyze the asymptotic quantum states. We find that most of these asymptotic states can be genuinely entangled depending upon the parameters of the channel, memory parameter, and the parameters of the initial states. We study Greenberger–Horne–Zeilinger(GHZ) states and W states, mixed with white noise,and determine the conditions for them to be genuinely entangled at infinity. We find that for these mixtures, it is possible to start with a bi-separable state(with a specific mixture of white noise) and end with genuine entangled states. However, the memory parameter μ must be very high. We find that in contrast to the two-qubit case, none of the three-qubit asymptotic states for n → ∞ are genuinely entangled.

关键词： genuine entanglement squeezed thermal baths multipartite states

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Heat transfer analysis in particle-laden flows using the immersed boundary method

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Particuology 2024年第7期90卷 394-403页

作者： ali Abbas Zaidi Department of Mechanical Engineering University of Manitoba75A Chancellors CircleWinnipegR3T 5V6Canada

This paper investigates an efficient immersed boundary method(IBM)for multiple-core CPU machines with local grid refinement for the calculation of heat transfer between fluids and finite-sized *** fluid momentum equations are solved by using the fractional step method,while the energy equation is solved by employing the second-order Adams-Bashforth *** efficient load balancing between the CPU cores,the coupling between particles and fluid is obtained by applying the body force in the fluid equations,which depends on the solid volume fraction of particles contained in each grid cell,and then by linearly interpolating the particle temperature and velocity on the fluid grid cell(in place of the delta function commonly used in literature).Several test cases from the literature are studied,and good agreement is observed between the simulation results and the ***,a scaling study on multiple core machines is performed,demonstrating the proposed IBM's capabilities for a significant reduction in processing time.

关键词： Heat transfer Immersed boundary method Particle resolved direct numerical simulations Fluid solid interactions

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Experimental and computational study of annealed nickel sulfide quantum dots for catalytic and antibacterial activity

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Nano Materials Science 2024年第3期6卷 355-364页

作者： Muhammad Ikram Sawaira Moeen ali Haider Anwar Ul-hamid Haya Alhummiany Hamoud H.Somaily Souraya Goumri-Said Mohammed Benali Kanoun Solar Cell Applications Research Lab Department of PhysicsGovernment College University LahoreLahore54000PunjabPakistan Department of Clinical Sciences Faculty of Veterinary and Animal SciencesMuhammad Nawaz ShareefUniversity of Agriculture66000MultanPunjabPakistan Core Research Facilities King Fahd University of Petroleum&MineralsDhahran31261Saudi Arabia Department of Physics Faculty of ScienceUniversity of JeddahP.O.Box 13151Jeddah21493Saudi Arabia Department of Physics Faculty of ScienceKing Khalid UniversityP.O.Box 9004AbhaSaudi Arabia Physics Department College of Science and General StudiesAlfaisal UniversityP.O.Box 50927Riyadh11533Saudi Arabia Department of Mathematics and Sciences College of Humanities and SciencesPrince Sultan UniversityP.O.Box 66833Riyadh11586Saudi Arabia

This research investigates the hydrothermal synthesis and annealing duration effects on nickel sulfide(NiS_(2) quantum dots(QDs)for catalytic decolorization of methylene blue(MB)dye and antimicrobial *** size increased with longer annealing,reducing catalytic ***–vis,XRD,TEM,and FTIR analyses probed optical structural,morphological,and vibrational *** confirmed NiS2's anorthic structure,with crystallite size growing from 6.53 to 7.81 nm during extended ***–Vis exhibited a bathochromic shift,reflecting reduced band gap energy(Eg)in NiS_(2).TEM revealed NiS_(2)QD formation,with agglomerated QD average size increasing from 7.13 to 9.65 nm with prolonged *** NiS_(2) showed significant MB decolorization(89.85%)in acidic *** NiS_(2) QDs demonstrated notable antibacterial activity,yielding a 6.15mm inhibition zone against Escherichia coli(***)compared to ***-principles computation supported a robust interaction between MB and NiS_(2),evidenced by obtained adsorption *** study highlights the nuanced relationship between annealing duration,structural changes,and functional properties in NiS_(2)QDs,emphasizing their potential applications in catalysis and antibacterial interventions.

关键词： NiS_(2) antibacterial quantum dots dye degradation DFT

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Simulation of the deformable lateral boundaries in biaxial test using DEM

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Particuology 2024年第5期88卷 161-175页

作者： ali Momeni Barry Clarke Yong Sheng ali Hassanpour WSP 3 Wellington PlaceLeedsLS1 4APUK Hull University HullHU6 7RXUK School of Civil Engineering University of LeedsLeedsLS2 9JTUK School of Computer Science University of HullHullHU6 7RXUK School of Chemical and Process Engineering University of LeedsLeedsLS2 9JTUK

Applying the discrete element method(DEM)in soil mechanics can provide abundant information at the particle-scale and facilitates illustration of the macro-mechanical behaviour of soils based on the inter-particle *** triaxial test is one of the most common laboratory methods to study the macro-mechanical behaviour of particulate materials such as ***,many problems in geotechnical design can be assumed and simplified as a plane strain *** a biaxial test can be conducted to reproduce the macro-mechanical behaviour of soil,where the sample is enclosed by two horizontal rigid platens and a vertical latex membrane,which is a deformable continuous element and allows the enclosed specimen to deform freely while maintaining confining stress during *** paper presents an algorithm to represent physical and mechanical characteristics of latex membrane in the 2D DEM simulation of biaxial test using the PFC^(2D) *** investigate the impact of the lateral boundary conditions on the micro-macro mechanical behaviours of soil samples,two sets of DEM biaxial tests are conducted,*** rigid and deformable lateral boundary *** DEM modeling results indicate that the lateral boundary conditions have a significant effect on the micro-scale fabric properties,thickness and inclination of the shear *** comparison between these two simulations also demonstrates that the lateral boundary conditions play a major role in the peak and post-peak stress-strain behaviours as well as the dilation and critical state behaviours of granular soils.

关键词： Discrete element method Biaxial test Deformable boundaries Shear band Critical state Fabric anisotropy Geometrical stability index

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Sensing the heavy water concentration in an H_(2)O-D_(2)O mixture by solid-solid phononic crystals

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Chinese Physics B 2024年第4期33卷 493-498页

作者： Mohammadreza Rahimi ali Bahrami Optoelectronic and Nanophotonics Research Laboratory(ONRL) Faculty of Electrical EngineeringSahand University of TechnologyTabrizIran

A new method based on phononic crystals is presented to detect the concentration of heavy water(D_(2)O)in an H_(2)O-D_(2)O *** have been obtained and analyzed in the concentration range of 0%-10%and 90%-100%D_(2)O.A proposed structure of tungsten scatterers in an aluminum host is *** order to detect the target material,a cavity region is considered as a sound wave resonator in which the target material with different concentrations of D_(2)O is *** changing the concentration of D_(2)O in the H_(2)O-D_(2)O mixture,the resonance frequency undergoes a frequency *** 1%change in D_(2)O concentration in the H_(2)O-D_(2)O mixture causes a frequency change of about 120 *** finite element method is used as the numerical method to calculate and analyze the natural frequencies and transmission spectra of the proposed *** performance evaluation index shows a high Q factor up to 1475758 and a high sensitivity up to 13075,which are acceptable values for sensing *** other figures of merit related to the detection performance also indicate high-quality performance of the designed sensor.

关键词： phononic crystals sensor H_(2)O-D_(2)O mixture cavity

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Experimental Study on Heat Storage Properties Comparison of Paraffin/Metal Foams Phase Change Material Composites

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Journal of Thermal Science 2024年第2期33卷 469-478页

作者： Waqar AHMED Abid HUSSAIN Hanzla SHAHID Imran ali Hafiz Muhammad ali Department of Mechanical Engineering University of Engineering and TechnologyTaxila47080Pakistan Department of Mechanical Engineering Institute of Space TechnologyIslamabadPakistan Department of Mechanical Mechatronics and Manufacturing EngineeringUniversity of Engineering and Technology LahoreFaisalabad CampusPunjabPakistan Mechanical Engineering Department King Fahd University of Petroleum and MineralsDhahran31261Saudi Arabia Interdisciplinary Research Center for Renewable Energy and Power Systems(IRC-REPS) King Fahd University of Petroleum and MineralsDhahran31261Saudi Arabia

Heat storage properties of phase change materials(PCMs) are essential characteristics that perform a key role in thermal heat energy storage *** thermal properties of PCMs can be improved by developing metal foam/PCM *** addition of metal foam in PCMs has a significant effect on the thermal characteristics of *** this paper,the heat storage properties of two different metal foam/PCM composites were experimentally *** behavior of paraffin in metal foam(copper and iron-nickel)/paraffin composites concerning pure paraffin at a constant heat flux of 1000 W/m^(2) in three directions simultaneously(x,y,and z) was *** was infiltrated into copper and iron-nickel foams to develop composite materials which resulted in enhancing the thermal conductivity of the paraffin.A comparative analysis is made on the heat storage properties of paraffin in copper and iron-nickel foams/paraffin *** temperature distribution during the phase transition process is experimentally *** comparison indicates that temperature uniformity in copper foam/paraffin composite is better than in iron-nickel foam/paraffin composite and pure paraffin at the same heat *** results show that at heat flux of 1000 W/m^(2),the heat storage time for copper foam/paraffin composite is 20.63% of that of iron-nickel foam/paraffin composite.

关键词： heat storage capacity paraffin/metal foam composite temperature uniformity heat storage rate phase transition process

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Emerging Trends in Damage Tolerance Assessment:A Review of Smart Materials and Self-Repairable Structures

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Structural Durability & Health Monitoring 2024年第1期18卷 1-18页

作者： ali Akbar Firoozi ali Asghar Firoozi Department of Civil Engineering Faculty of Engineering&TechnologyUniversity of BotswanaGaboroneUB0061Botswana Department of Civil Engineering University Kebangsaan Malaysia(UKM)Bangi43600Malaysia

The discipline of damage tolerance assessment has experienced significant advancements due to the emergence of smart materials and self-repairable *** review offers a comprehensive look into both traditional and innovative methodologies employed in damage tolerance *** a detailed exploration of damage tolerance concepts and their historical progression,the review juxtaposes the proven techniques of damage assessment with the cutting-edge innovations brought about by smart materials and self-repairable *** subsequent sections delve into the synergistic integration of smart materials with self-repairable structures,marking a pivotal stride in damage tolerance by establishing an autonomous system for immediate damage identification and *** holistic approach broadens the applicability of these technologies across diverse sectors yet brings forth unique challenges demanding further innovation and ***,the review examines future prospects that combine advanced manufacturing processes with data-centric methodologies,amplifying the capabilities of these‘intelligent’*** review culminates by highlighting the transformative potential of this union between smart materials and self-repairable structures,promoting a sustainable and efficient engineering paradigm.

关键词： Damage tolerance smart materials self-repairable structures structural health monitoring synergy autonomous system advanced manufacturing data-driven methodologies

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