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Healthcare seeking trends in acute respiratory infections among children of Pakistan

World Journal of Clinical Infectious Diseases 2017年第3期7卷 38-45页

作者： Hana mahmood Samina Mohsin Khan Saleem Abbasi Yahya Sheraz International Research Force/Maternal Neonatal and Child Health Research Network (MNCHRN) ARI Research Cell Children Hospital Pakistan Institute of Medical Sciences (PIMS) Department of Public Health Shaheed Zulfiqar Ali Bhutto Medical University (SZABMU) MNCHRN and ARI Research Cell Children Hospital PIMS SZABMU International Research Force

AIM To assess healthcare seeking trends among Pakistani children with acute respiratory infections through comparative analysis between demographic health surveys(DHS) 2006-2007 and 2012-2013. METHODS Data of the last born children 0-24 mo of age of the sampled households from both the DHS was analyzedafter seeking permission from the DHS open access website. These were children who had suffered from cough and/or breathing difficulty in the past two weeks and sought health care thereafter. The trends of health care seeking were determined separately for the individual, household and community level according to the study parameters. χ2 test was applied to compare these trends. A P-value of < 0.05 was considered significant. RESULTS Out of 2508 children in 2006-2007 there were 1590 with acute respiratory infections(ARI) according to case definition along with 2142 out of 3419 children in 2012-2013 DHS, whose data was analyzed. During 2006-2007, 69% cases sought healthcare for ARI which improved to 79% in 2012-2013. Additionally, it was revealed that when compared between 2006-2007 and 2012-2013, improvement in care seeking practices was observed among illiterate mothers(64% vs 77%) although there was minimal change in those literate. Similarly, those women working also showed an increase in healthcare seeking from 67% to 79%. Additionally, those belonging to low and middle socioeconomic class showed a marked increase as compared to those in the higher class where there was no significant change. Whereas those living in rural communities also showed an increase from 66% to 78%.CONCLUSION Increasing health budget, improving maternal education and strengthening multi-sectoral coordination are among the effective strategies to improve outcomes associated with healthcare seeking in ARI.

关键词： Acute respiratory infections Demographic health surveys Comparison Pneumonia Healthcare seeking

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Gene Action Studies in the Inheritance of Economic Traits in Diallel Cross of Lentil (Lens culinaris Medik)

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American Journal of Plant Sciences 2016年第6期7卷 756-768页

作者： Fahim Abbas Asim Riaz Tanzeela Zafar Muhammad Hassan Hafiz Muhammad Imran Umar Javed Hassan Waseem Alam Saleh Muhammad Mudassir mahmood Hamza Sohail Usman ali Tiwana Muhammad Tayyab Iqbal Muhammad Bilal Nanjing Agriculture University Nanjing China Department of Pharmacy Health and Well-Being University of Sunderland Sunderland UK Centre of Agricultural Biochemistry and Biotechnology Faculty of Agriculture University of Agriculture Faisalabad Pakistan Department of Plant Breeding & Genetics Bahauddin Zakariya University Multan Pakistan Department of Entomology Bahauddin Zakariya University Multan Pakistan Department of Horticulture Bahauddin Zakariya University Multan Pakistan Arid Zone Research Institute Bahawalpur Pakistan Department of Plant Breeding & Genetics PMAS-UAA Rawalpindi Pakistan

The present study was conducted in 4 × 4 half diallel cross fashion using the genotypes named as NL-2002, NL-2006, Punjab Masoor-2009 and Markaz-2009 for the evaluation of gene action in the inheritance of economic traits of lentil by following the Griffing (1956) Method of analysis. Minirap 13.1 Copyright© 2000, Minitab inc. Method II, Model I was used for the analysis and gene action was computed by variance component analysis using Mixed Model with GLM (general linear model) procedure. The F1 direct crosses along with the parental genotypes were then evaluated by framing the experiment in RCBD in 3 replications. The data were recorded for the characters which are under the study are, plant height (cm), number of primary branches, number of secondary branches, number of pods per plant, number of seed per pod, seed yield per plant, biomass (gram), 100 seeds weight (gram), harvest index (%), yield per plant. The simple ANOVA for all the characters revealed that difference among genotypes was highly significant. As significant differences were present between the genotypes, it permitted subsequent analysis of the data. The Combining Ability (CA) results showed that value of variance for GCA (General Combining Ability) was significantly higher than that of those of the values of variance of SCA (Specific Combining Ability). Hence current results clearly depicted the role of additive type of gene action governing the characters under study.

关键词： Lentil Diallel Gene Action Studies

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Appraisal of Deforestation in Murree through Open Source Satellite Imagery

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Advances in Remote Sensing 2018年第2期7卷 61-70页

作者： Tabasam Jamal Shoaib Naseer Syed Shehzad Hassan Hafsa Batool Rashid mahmood Attia Naz Atif Butt Usman Tanver Imran Saddique Kaukab Sana Alvi Javed Ahmad Azeem Akhtar Arshid Javed A. ali Department of Geography University of the Punjab New Campus Lahore Punjab Pakistan Remote Sensing Group Department of Space Science University of the Punjab Lahore Pakistan

Forests are the main source of income for humans and shelter for many rare in habitants. Forests act as carbon sink and help to reduce the effect of natural hazards like floods. The timber is among the main products of forests used for precious furniture. Forest must cover one third of the part of any country but in Pakistan, it covers less than 4%. If the deforestation continues with the same ratio, there will be a drastic change in the upcoming years. The main objective of the study is to determine deforestation rates in Murree for the years 1999-2015 through open source Landsat 7, 8 imageries. The areas with high deforestation rates are also delineated. Supervised classification is used to delineate the area under buildup, vegetation and water that was 83.85 km2, 760.63 km2 and 1.18 km2 respectively in 1999. Built up area increased up to 20% and forests declined by 23% in 2015 as compared to 1999. Remote sensing and GIS tools helped to investigate the deforestation rates with high accuracy.

关键词： Landsat 7 Landsat 8 Supervised Classification Deforestation Vegetation Index

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Impact of population dynamics on Margalla Hills Ecosystem:a community-level case study

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Chinese Journal of Population,Resources and Environment 2014年第4期12卷 345-353页

作者： Aansa Rukya Saleem Fakhra Rashid Audil Rashid Tariq mahmood Waqar-un-Nisa Department of Environmental Sciences Pir Mehr Ali Shah University of Arid Agriculture

Margalla Hills National Park(MHNP) is a declared natural reserve of Pakistan,and Saidpur village is located at its *** sustain livelihood,Saidpur community relies on natural resources and has established an intriguing relationship with the surrounding *** intrusion and related impacts were investigated through self-structured questionnaire from village community to gather information about demography,life practices,natural resource use,and their perception about the *** analysis revealed that the overall plant density was<4 plants/m^2,whereas ordination biplot has indicated significant reduction in plant cover and sparse distribution of species in areas close to human *** results show that more than 50%families rely on forest wood as fuel *** regression has identified education paucity(odds ratio,OR=2.6,95%confidence interval,CI=1.0-6.7),large family size(OR= 5.0,95%CI=1.5-16.6),and fuel type(OR=3.5,95%CI=1.2-9.9)as significant predictors of accelerated forest cutting in *** members were mostly illiterate and in favor to promote construction activities which reflects their low concern and casual attitude toward resource *** this study,lack of awareness and peoples' dependency on natural resources emerged as priority challenges,and hence,we suggest provision of alternate fuel sources,better education and sustained income resources as incentives to bring behavioral *** is pivotal to involve local community before the adoption of any conservation plan as intervention strategy to protect MHNP ecosystem.

关键词： Margalla hills forest cutting ordination analysis ecological restoration demographic pressure Islamabad

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Temperature Based Spatiotemporal Growth Monitoring of Rice Plant from Germination-Ripening Stage Using Remote Sensing and GIS Techniques

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Advances in Remote Sensing 2018年第1期7卷 1-14页

作者： S. M. H. Raza S. A. mahmood H. Batool T. J. Shad S. Alvi F. Waseems M. Atif Butt S. Shehzad Hassan ali Imam Mirza Remote Sensing and GIS Group Department of Space Science University of the Punjab Quaid-e-Azam Campus Lahore Pakistan Department of Geography University of the Punjab Quaid e Azam Campus Lahore Pakistan

Rice (Oryza sativa) is the second staple food largely grown and widely consumed in Pakistan. About 10% of the total crop area of Pakistan is cultivated by rice that takes a part in value addition of almost 1.3% - 1.6% in the total Gross Domestic Product (GDP). Due to global warming, temperature has a profound impact on rice crop phenology. Low temperature is the main factor of delay in rice plant growth and very high temperature results in stressed and short heighted plant so the crop sown in a region at the same time is not ready to harvest at same hours but a delay is observed. The study area under investigation was district Sheikhupura, Nankana, Lahore, Gujranawala and Hafizabad, which are famous for rice productivity. Landsat 7, 8 freely available thermal dataset are used to calculated pixel based temperature values to evaluate growth using agricultural growth indicators. The total covered area was 13,480 km2 in which 484 km2 area was marked as less growth rate area with low temperature values due to water body and excess of vegetation over there. About 7960 km2 area is marked as good for growth experiencing optimum temperature for rice plant. Approximately 4944 km2 area is marked as stressed rice plant area experiencing high temperature values adjacent to urban population. An attempt is made here to map this effect of temperature-based growth variability of the rice plant across the study area.

关键词： Climate Gross Domestic Product (GDP) Global Warming Phenology Temperature

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A Selection Study for Sanitary Landfill Site at Basra City, South of Iraq

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Journal of Life Sciences 2016年第4期10卷 198-202页

作者： Wathiq A. A1-Ramdhan mahmood S. Thamir Assaad F. Hamza Abdulwahab A. Sultan ali G. Katea'a Najem A1-Dean A. Al-hajaj Ayad K. Jirri Ekhlass B. Zubery Southern Technical University Technical Institute of Basra Environmental Pollution Research Unit Basra Iraq Southern Technical University University Presidency Basra Iraq Iraqi Ports Company Basra Iraq

The selection study for a sanitary landfill site at Basra city （south of lraq） indicated to choose Al-Barjesia region at chwabedian area which belong to AI-Zubair directorate, using global positioning system （GPS）. The measured latitude and longitude axes of this area are 30° 25.4＇ north and 47° 29＇ west. It is located at a distance of about 25 km straight line from the city center. The calculated elevation range of the chwabedian site was obtained to be 5-10 m above sea level, while the depth ofplutonic water in the landfill site is range from 15-25 m. The measured permeability for this site was about 0.75-0.84 mma/min. The evaluation of soil components percentage in the suggested site was listed in table 1, as examined by the international constructional laboratory, at Basra/Iraq. A primarily modern design for chwabedian sanitary landfill was projected and sketched in figure 3.

关键词： Landfill site solid waste management leachate.

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Identification of Panton-Valentine leukocidin virulence gene in methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus isolated from clinical specimens of burn patients in Zare Hospitals of Sari, Iran

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Journal of Acute Disease 2020年第3期9卷 121-125页

作者： Atefeh Ranjkesh Zahra Salari Mehrab Nejati Emad Behboudi ali Ramezani Milad Zandi mahmood Marzban Hadis Kiani Mina Bavi Mehdi Rabiei Roodsari Yousef Esvand Zibaee Samaneh Abbasi Maryam Mohammadi Elyasi Mehdi Parsanahad Shahram Jalilian SiminMohammadi Gorji Mina Owrang Faculty of Medicine Sari BranchIslamic Azad UniversitySariIran School of Medicine Bam University of Medical SciencesBamIran Department of Microbiology Faculty of MedicineGolestan University of Medical SciencesGorganIran Virology Department School of MedicineAhvaz Jundishapur University of Medical SciencesAhvazIran Nursing School of Tabas Birjand University of Medical SciencesBirjandIran Department of Virology School of Public HealthTehran University of Medical SciencesTehranIran Department of Laboratory Sciences Borujerd Branch Islamic Azad UniversityBorujerdIran Abadan Faculty of Medical Sciences AbadanIran School of Paramedical Sciences Dezful University of Medical SciencesDezfulIran

Objective:To identify the pathogenic gene of Panton-Valentine leukocidin in methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus strain isolated from clinical specimens of burn patients in Shaheed Zare Burn ***:A total of 104 samples of Staphylococcus were collected and 78 aureus samples were isolated from Zare Hospital patients from November 2016 to July *** isolates were identified using a standard biochemical and laboratory methodology in accordance with CLSI principles,and disk agar diffusion antibiogram were performed to identify methicillin resistant *** the presence of the Panton-Valentine leukocidin gene was tested by ***:Of the methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus samples,80%were negative for the Panton-Valentine leukocidin gene,and only 20%of the samples had Panton-Valentine leukocidin *** and female patients showed no significant difference in the positivity rate of Panton-Valentine leukocidin gene(16.12%vs.33.33%)(P=0.25).Besides,there was no significant difference in bacterial resistance or susceptibility to antibiotics between samples with or without the Panton-Valentine leukocidin ***:In recent years,increased resistance has been a serious *** resistance or susceptibility of Staphylococcus aureus strains to different antibiotics is different in different geographical locations.

关键词： Methicillin Resistance Panton-Valentine leukocidin PCR Staphylococcus aureus

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Comparison of Serum Lipid Profile between Gestational Diabetes Mellitus and Pregnant Women with Normal Glucose Tolerance

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Journal of Biosciences and Medicines 2020年第6期8卷 148-159页

作者： Mahmudul Hossain A. K. M. Shahidur Rahman Samira Mahjabeen Mohona Zaman Mohaiminul Abedin Tahseen mahmood Md. Abdur Razzaque Ummul Khair Alam Department of Medicine Kurmitola General Hospital Dhaka Bangladesh Department of Nephrology Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University (BSMMU) Dhaka Bangladesh Department of Endocrinology Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University (BSMMU) Dhaka Bangladesh Department of Endocrinology Monno Medical College Hospital Manikganj Bangladesh Department of Anatomy Abdul Malek Ukil Medical College Noakhali Bangladesh Department of Endocrinology BRB Hospital Limited Dhaka Bangladesh Department of Dermatology Khwaja Yunus Ali Medical College and Hospital (KYAMCH) Sirajganj Bangladesh Department of Maternal and Child Health (MCH) National Institute of Preventive and Social Medicine (NIPSOM) Dhaka Bangladesh

Background: Aberrant lipid metabolism presumed to have important relationship with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM), though previous studies revealed inconsistent results on this area. Objectives: To identify the difference of serum lipid profile between gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) and pregnant woman with normal glucose tolerance (NGT). Methods: This cross sectional study was conducted from January 2017 to December 2017 at Department of Endocrinology, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University (BSMMU), Dhaka, Bangladesh with 31 GDM and equal number of NGT pregnant women diagnosed on the basis of WHO criteria-2013, during 24 - 40 weeks of gestation. Glucose was measured by glucose oxidase method and fasting serum lipid profile [Total cholesterol (TC), High Density Lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL-C) and Triglyceride (TG)] was measured by enzymatic-colorimetric method. Data were analyzed and compared by statistical tests. Results: Among total sixty-two (62) study subjects, 31 were GDM (age: 27.52 ± 4.8 years, body mass index (BMI): 27.17 ± 3.3 kg/m2) and 31 were pregnant women with NGT (age: 24.94 ± 4.2 years, BMI: 25.43 ± 6.5 kg/m2). Mean age of GDM group was significantly higher than that of NGT group (p = 0.028). Women with GDM showed relatively higher BMI than NGT women but that was not statistically significant (p = 0.194). Fasting lipid profiles between GDM and NGT (GDM vs. NGT;total cholesterol: 194.21 ± 42.18 vs. 208.52 ± 42.18 mg/dl, p = 0.187;HDL-C: 47.50 ± 16.17 vs. 47.18 ± 11.71 mg/dl, p = 0.928;LDL-C: 109.25 ± 28.80 vs. 119.30 ± 34.76 mg/dl, p = 0.220 and triglyceride 204.78 ± 58.50 vs. 202.34 ± 79.18 mg/dl, p = 0.891) were not significantly different. The variations in all lipid fraction values were not statistically significant among GDM women when analyzed between BMI groups holding BMI cut-off at 23 kg/m2. No significant differences of any valu

关键词： Gestational Diabetes Mellitus (GDM) Normal Glucose Tolerance (NGT) Serum Lipid Profile

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