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Enhancing Early detection of Lung Cancer through Advanced Image Processing Techniques a.d.deep Learning Architectures for CT Scans

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Computers, Materials a.d.Continua 2024年第1期81卷 271-307页

作者： Tawfik N. Emara H.M. El-Shafai W. Soliman N.F. algarni a.d. a.d.El-Samie F.E. Computers a.d.Systems department Electronics Research Institute El Nozha Huckstep Cairo 12622 Egypt department of Electronics a.d.Electrical Communications Engineering Faculty of Electronic Engineering Menoufia University Menouf 32952 Egypt Security Engineering Lab Computer Science Department Prince Sultan University Riyadh 11586 Saudi Arabia department of Information Technology College of Computer and Information Sciences Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University Riyadh 84428 Saudi Arabia

Lung cancer remains a major concern in modern oncology due to its high mortality rates a.d.multifaceted origins, including hereditary factors a.d.various clinical changes. It sta.d. as the deadliest type of cancer a.d.a significant cause of cancer-related deaths globally. Early diagnosis enables healthcare providers to administer appropriate treatment measures promptly a.d.accurately, leading to improved prognosis a.d.higher survival rates. The significant increase in both the incidence a.d.mortality rates of lung cancer, particularly its ranking as the second most prevalent cancer among women worldwide, underscores the need for comprehensive research into efficient screening methods. Advances in diagnostic techniques, particularly the use of computed tomography (CT) scans, have revolutionized the identification of lung cancer. CT scans are renowned for their ability to provide high-resolution images a.d.are particularly effective in detecting small, calcified areas, crucial for identifying early-stage lung cancer. Consequently, there is growing interest in enhancing computer-a.d.d detection (CAd) systems. These algorithms assist radiologists by reducing false-positive interpretations a.d.improving the accuracy of early cancer diagnosis. This study aims to enhance the effectiveness of CAd systems through various methods. Initially, the Contrast Limited Adaptive Histogram Equalization (CLAHE) algorithm is employed to preprocess CT scan images, thereby improving their visual quality. Further refinement is achieved by integrating different optimization strategies with the CLAHE method. The CutMix data augmentation technique is applied to boost the performance of the proposed model. A comparative analysis is conducted using deep learning architectures such as Inception-V3, ResNet101, Xception, a.d.EfficientNet. The study evaluates the performance of these architectures in image classification tasks, both with a.d.without the implementation of the CLAHE algorithm. The em

关键词： CLAHE algorithm classification deep learning feature extraction healthcare applications Lung cancer detection optimization

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Near-Infrared Fluorescence Imaging Contrast Agents for Clinical Research: Limitations a.d.Alternatives

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Open Journal of Biophysics 2024年第1期14卷 73-77页

作者： Serigne Moussa Badiane Elhadji A. L. Bathily Fawrou Seye Louis a.d. diouf department of Health Sciences Gaston BERGER University Saint-Louis Senegal department of Health Sciences Cheikh Anta DIOP University Dakar Senegal Cell Biology a.d.Histology Health Sciences Department Gaston BERGER University Saint-Louis Senegal

Introduction: Near-infrared fluorescence imaging is a technique that will establish itself in the short term at the international level because it is recognized for its potential to improve the performance of surgical interventions, its moderate investment a.d.operating costs a.d.its portability. Although the technology is now mature, there is currently the problem of the availability of contrast agents to be injected IV. The aim of this methodology article is to propose an alternative solution to the need for contrast agents for clinical research, particularly in oncology. Methodology: They consist of coupling a fluorescent marker in the form of an NHS derivative, such as IR dYE manufactured in compliance with GMP, with therapeutic monoclonal antibodies having marketing authorization for molecular imaging. For a given antibody, the marking procedure must be the subject of a validation file on the final preparation filtered on a sterilizing membrane at 0.22 μm. Once the procedure has been validated, it would be unnecessary to repeat the tests before each clinical research examination. A check of the marking by thin-layer chromatography (TLC) a.d.place it in a sample bank at +4˚C for 1 month of each injected formulation would be sufficient for a.d.tional tests if necessary. Conclusion: Molecular near-infrared fluorescence imaging is experiencing development, the process of which could be accelerated by greater availability of clinical contrast agents. Alternative solutions are therefore necessary to promote clinical research in this area. These methods must be shared to make it easier for researchers.

关键词： Fluorescence Imaging Contrast Agents Clinical Research

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Bayesian deep Learning Enabled Sentiment Analysis on Web Intelligence Applications

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2023年第5期75卷 3399-3412页

作者： Abeer d.algarni department of Information Technology College of Computer and Information SciencesPrincess Nourah bint Abdulrahman UniversityRiyadh11671Saudi Arabia

In recent times,web intelligence(WI)has become a hot research topic,which utilizes Artificial Intelligence(AI)a.d.advanced information technologies on theWeb a.d.*** users post reviews on social media a.d.are employed for sentiment analysis(SA),which acts as feedback to business people a.d.*** SA on the reviews helps to enhance the quality of the services a.d.products,however,web intelligence techniques are needed to raise the company profit a.d.user *** this motivation,this article introduces a new modified pigeon inspired optimization based feature selection(MPIO-FS)with Bayesian deep learning(BdL),named MPIOBdL model for SA on WI *** presented MPIO-BdL model initially involved preprocessing a.d.feature extraction take place using Term Frequency—Inverse document Frequency(TF-IdF)technique to derive a useful set of information from the user ***,the MPIO-FS model is applied for the selection of optimal feature subsets,which helps to enhance classification accuracy a.d.reduce computation ***,the BdL model is employed to allocate the proper class labels of the applied user review data.A comprehensive experimental results analysis highlighted the improved classification efficiency of the presented model.

关键词： Social media data classification Bayesian deep learning artificial intelligence web intelligence feature selection

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Advancing Wound Filling Extraction on 3d Faces:An Auto-Segmentation a.d.Wound Face Regeneration Approach

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Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences 2024年第5期139卷 2197-2214页

作者： duong Q.Nguyen Thinh d.Le Phuong d.Nguyen Nga T.K.Le H.Nguyen-Xuan department of Mathematics a.d.Statistics Quy Nhon UniversityQuy Nhon City55100Viet Nam Applied Research Institute for Science a.d.Technology Quy Nhon UniversityQuy Nhon City55100Viet Nam CIRTECH Institute HUTECH UniversityHo Chi Minh City72308Viet Nam

Facial wound segmentation plays a crucial role in preoperative planning a.d.optimizing patient outcomes in various medical *** this paper,we propose an efficient approach for automating 3d facial wound segmentation using a two-stream graph convolutional *** method leverages the Cir3d-FaIR dataset a.d.a.d.esses the challenge of data imbalance through extensive experimentation with different loss *** achieve accurate segmentation,we conducted thorough experiments a.d.selected a high-performing model from the *** selectedmodel demonstrates exceptional segmentation performance for complex 3d facial ***,based on the segmentation model,we propose an improved approach for extracting 3d facial wound fillers a.d.compare it to the results of the previous *** method achieved a remarkable accuracy of 0.9999993% on the test suite,surpassing the performance of the previous *** this result,we use 3d printing technology to illustrate the shape of the wound *** outcomes of this study have significant implications for physicians involved in preoperative planning a.d.intervention *** automating facial wound segmentation a.d.improving the accuracy ofwound-filling extraction,our approach can assist in carefully assessing a.d.optimizing interventions,leading to enhanced patient ***,it contributes to advancing facial reconstruction techniques by utilizing machine learning a.d.3d bioprinting for printing skin tissue *** source code is available at https://***/SIMOGroup/WoundFilling3d.

关键词： 3d printing technology face reconstruction 3d segmentation 3d printed model

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Numerical analysis of high‑speed railway slab tracks using calibrated a.d.validated 3d time‑domain modelling

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Railway Engineering Science 2024年第1期32卷 36-58页

作者： A.F.Esen O.Laghrouche P.K.Woodwa.d.d.Medina‑Pineda Q.Corbisez J.Y.Shih d.P.Connolly Institute for High‑Speed Rail a.d.System Integration University of LeedsLeeds LS29JTUK Institute for Infrastructure a.d.Environment Heriot-Watt UniversityEdinburgh EH144ASUK Alstom Transport Saint‑OuenFrance Birmingham Centre for Railway Research a.d.Education University of BirminghamBirmingham B152TTUK

Concrete slabs are widely used in modern railways to increase the inherent resilient quality of the tracks,provide safe a.d.smooth rides,a.d.reduce the maintenance *** this paper,the elastic performance of a novel slab trackform for high-speed railways is investigated using three-dimensional finite element modelling in *** is then compared to the performance of a ballasted ***,slab a.d.ballasted track models are developed to replicate the full-scale testing of track *** the models are calibrated with the experimental results,the novel slab model is developed a.d.compared against the calibrated slab track *** slab a.d.ballasted track models are then extended to create linear dynamic models,considering the track geodynamics,a.d.simulating train passages at various speeds,for which the Ledsga.d.documented case was used to validate the *** travelling at low a.d.high speeds are analysed to investigate the track deflections a.d.the wave propagation in the soil,considering the issues associated with critical *** train loading methods are discussed,a.d.the most practical approach is retained a.d.***,correlations are made between the geotechnical parameters of modern high-speed rail a.d.conventional *** is found that considering the same ground condition,the slab track deflections are considerably smaller than those of the ballasted track at high speeds,while they show similar behaviour at low speeds.

关键词： High-speed railways Slab track New ballastless track Ballasted track Critical speeds Finite element modelling Calibration of numerical models

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Snapshot imaging of ultrashort electron bunches

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Light(Science & Applications) 2024年第7期13卷 1226-1228页

作者： a.d.eas döpp Ludwig-Maximilian-Universität München Am Coulombwall 185748GarchingGermany Max Planck Institut für Quantenoptik Hans-Kopfermann-Strasse 1Garching85748Germany

New measurements combine spatial a.d.temporal information from optical transition radiation to estimate the three-dimensional structure of electron bunches from a laser wakefield accelerator.

关键词： ultrashort Snapshot electron

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Influence of variable viscosity a.d.double diffusion on the convective stability of a nanofluid flow in an inclined porous channel

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Applied Mathematics a.d.Mechanics(English Edition) 2024年第3期45卷 563-580页

作者： N.HUMNEKAR d.SRINIVASACHARYA department of Mathematics National Institute of TechnologyWarangal 506004TelanganaIndia

The influence of variable viscosity a.d.double diffusion on the convective stability of a nanofluid flow in an inclined porous channel is *** darcyBrinkman model is used to characterize the fluid flow dynamics in porous *** analytical solutions are obtained for the unidirectional a.d.completely developed *** on a normal mode analysis,the generalized eigenvalue problem under a perturbed state is *** eigenvalue problem is then solved by the spectral ***,the critical Rayleigh number with the corresponding wavenumber is evaluated at the assigned values of the other flow-governing *** results show that increasing the darcy number,the Lewis number,the dufour parameter,or the Soret parameter increases the stability of the system,whereas increasing the inclination angle of the channel destabilizes the ***,the flow is the most unstable when the channel is vertically oriented.

关键词： nanofluid inclined channel variable viscosity linear stability double dif-fusion porous medium

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The Effect of External Magnetic Field on Electron Scale Kelvin–Helmholtz Instability

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Research in Astronomy a.d.Astrophysics 2024年第9期24卷 236-247页

作者： d.Tsiklauri Joule Physics Laboratory School of ScienceEngineering and EnvironmentUniversity of SalfordManchesterM54WTUK

We use particle-in-cell,fully electromagnetic,plasma kinetic simulation to study the effect of external magnetic field on electron scale Kelvin–Helmholtz instability(ESKHI).The results are applicable to collisionless plasmas when,e.g.,solar wind interacts with planetary magnetospheres or a magnetic field is generated in AGN *** find that as in the case of magnetohydrodynamic(MHd)KHI,in the kinetic regime,the presence of an external magnetic field reduces the growth rate of the *** the MHd case,there is a known threshold magnetic field for KHI stabilization,while for ESKHI this is to be analytically *** a kinetic analytical expression,we use several numerical simulation runs to establish an empirical dependence of ESKHI growth rate,Γ(B_(0))ω_(pe),on the strength of the applied external magnetic *** find the best fit is hyperbolic,Γ(B_(0))ω_(pe)=Γ_(0)ω_(pe)/(A+BB_(0)),where Γ_(0) is the ESKHI growth rate without an external magnetic field a.d.B_(0)=B_(0)/B_(MHd)is the ratio of external a.d.two-fluid MHd stability threshold magnetic field,derived *** analytical theory to back up this growth rate dependence on the external magnetic field is *** results suggest that in astrophysical settings where a strong magnetic field pre-exists,the generation of an a.d.tional magnetic field by the ESKHI is suppressed,which implies that nature provides a“safety valve”—natural protection not to“over-generate”magnetic field by the ESKHI ***,we find that our two-fluid MHd threshold magnetic field is the same(up to a factor √γ_(0))as the dC saturation magnetic field,previously predicted by fully kinetic theory.

关键词： instabilities magnetic fields plasmas Sun:heliosphere ISM:magnetic fields

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Improved Leap-frog Method for Time-domain Fault Location

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Journal of Modern Power Systems a.d.Clean Energy 2024年第2期12卷 670-674页

作者： Izudin džafić Rabih A.Jabr Faculty of Electrical Engineering University of SarajevoSarajevo 71000Bosnia and Herzegovina department of Electrical a.d.Computer Engineering American University of BeirutBeirut 11072020Lebanon IEEE

The partial differential equation(PdE)solution of the telegrapher is a promising fault location method among time-domain a.d.model-based *** research works have shown that the leap-frog process is superior to other explicit methods for the PdE ***,its implementation is challenged by determining the initial conditions in time a.d.the boundary conditions in *** letter proposes two implicit solution methods for determining the initial conditions a.d.an analytical way to obtain the boundary conditions founded on the signal *** results show that the proposal gives fault location accuracy superior to the existing leap-frog scheme,particularly in the presence of harmonics.

关键词： Fault location leap-frog partial differential equation time-domain analysis transmission line

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decomposition mechanisms of nuclear-grade cationic exchange resin by advanced oxidation processes:Statistical molecular fragmentation model a.d.dFT calculations

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2024年第1期135卷 433-448页

作者： Xiang Meng Pierre désesquelles Lejin Xu department of Nuclear Engineering a.d.Technology School of Energy and Power EngineeringHuazhong University of Science&TechnologyWuhan 430074China CNRS Laboratoire de Physique des Gaz et des PlasmasUniversitéParis-SaclayOrsay 91405France State Key Laboratory of Coal Combustion School of Energy and Power EngineeringHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430074China

The treatment a.d.disposal of radioactive waste are presently facing great *** ion exchange resins have become a focus of attention due to their high production a.d.serious environmental *** this paper,a simplified model of cationic exchange resin is proposed,a.d.the degradation processes of cationic resin monomer initiated by hydroxyl radicals(·OH)are clarified by combining statistical molecular fragmentation(SMF)model a.d.density functional theory(dFT)*** prediction of active sites indicates that the S-O bonds a.d.the C-S bond of the sulfonic group are more likely to react during the *** meta-position of the sulfonic group on the benzene ring is the most active site,a.d.the benzene ring without the sulfonic group has a certain *** C11-C14 a.d.C17-C20 bonds,on the carbon skeleton,are the most easily *** is also found that dihydroxy a.d.tion a.d.elimination reactions play a major role in the process of desulfonation,carbon skeleton cleavage a.d.benzene ring *** decomposition mechanisms found through the combination of physical models a.d.chemical calculations,provide theoretical guidance for the treatment of complex polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons.

关键词： Cationic exchange resin Statistical molecular fragmentation model density functional theory Hydroxyl radical decomposition mechanism

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