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Delayed Antarctic melt season reduces albedo feedback

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National Science Review 2023年第9期10卷 236-246页

作者： Lei Liang Huadong Guo Shuang Liang Xichen Li John C.Moore Xinwu Li Xiao cheng Wenjin Wu Yan Liu Annette Rinke Gensuo Jia Feifei Pan Chen Gong Key Laboratory of Digital Earth Science Aerospace Information Research Institute Chinese Academy of Sciences 2. International Research Center of Big Data for Sustainable Development Goals Institute of Atmospheric Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences College of Global Change and Earth System Science Beijing Normal University Arctic Centre University of Lapland CAS Center for Excellence in Tibetan Plateau Earth Sciences School of Geospatial Engineering and Science Sun Yat-sen University alfred Wegener Institute Helmholtz Centre for Polar and Marine Research Department of Geography University of North Texas

Antarctica’ s response to climate change varies greatly both spatially and *** melting impacts mass balance and also lowers surface *** use a 43-year record(from 1978 to 2020) of Antarctic snow melt seasons from space-borne microwave radiometers with a machine-learning algorithm to show that both the onset and the end of the melt season are being ***-causality analysis shows that melt end is delayed due to increased heat flux from the ocean to the atmosphere at minimum sea-ice extent from warming *** onset is Granger-caused primarily by the turbulent heat flux from ocean to atmosphere that is in turn driven by sea-ice *** snowmelt season leads to a net decrease in the absorption of solar irradiance,as a delayed summer means that higher albedo occurs after the period of maximum solar radiation,which changes Antarctica’s radiation balance more than sea-ice cover.

关键词： Antarctic ice sheet snowmelt season delay sea ice solar irradiance

Albedo of Coastal Landfast Sea Ice in Prydz Bay,Antarctica:Observations and Parameterization

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Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 2016年第5期33卷 535-543页

作者： Qinghua YANG Jiping LIU Matti LEPPRANTA Qizhen SUN Rongbin LI Lin ZHANG Thomas JUNG Ruibo LEI Zhanhai ZHANG Ming LI Jiechen ZHAO Jingjing cheng Key Laboratory of Research on Marine Hazards Forecasting National Marine Environmental Forecasting CenterBeijing 100081 alfred Wegener Institute Helmholtz Centre for Polar and Marine ResearchBremerhaven 27570Germany State Key Laboratory of Numerical Modeling for Atmospheric Sciences and Geophysical Fluid Dynamics Institute of Atmospheric PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100029 University of Helsinki Helsinki 00014Finland University of Bremen 28334Germany Key Laboratory for Polar Science of the State Oceanic Administration Polar Research Institute of ChinaShanghai 200136 National Center of Ocean Standards and Metrology Tianjin 300112

The snow/sea-ice albedo was measured over coastal landfast sea ice in Prydz Bay, East Antarctica（off Zhongshan Station）during the austral spring and summer of 2010 and 2011. The variation of the observed albedo was a combination of a gradual seasonal transition from spring to summer and abrupt changes resulting from synoptic events, including snowfall, blowing snow, and overcast skies. The measured albedo ranged from 0.94 over thick fresh snow to 0.36 over melting sea ice. It was found that snow thickness was the most important factor influencing the albedo variation, while synoptic events and overcast skies could increase the albedo by about 0.18 and 0.06, respectively. The in-situ measured albedo and related physical parameters（e.g., snow thickness, ice thickness, surface temperature, and air temperature） were then used to evaluate four different snow/ice albedo parameterizations used in a variety of climate models. The parameterized albedos showed substantial discrepancies compared to the observed albedo, particularly during the summer melt period, even though more complex parameterizations yielded more realistic variations than simple ones. A modified parameterization was developed,which further considered synoptic events, cloud cover, and the local landfast sea-ice surface characteristics. The resulting parameterized albedo showed very good agreement with the observed albedo.

关键词： Antarctic sea ice albedo observation parameterization

Towards reliable Arctic sea ice prediction using multivariate data assimilation

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Science Bulletin 2019年第1期64卷 63-72页

作者： Jiping Liu Zhiqiang Chen Yongyun Hu Yuanyuan Zhang Yifan Ding Xiao cheng Qinghua Yang Lars Nerger Gunnar Spreen Radley Horton Jun Inoue Chaoyuan Yang Ming Li Mirong Song Department of Atmospheric and Environmental Sciences University at Albany State University of New York College of Ocean and Meteorology Guangdong Ocean University Department of Atmospheric and Oceanic Sciences School of Physics Peking University College of Global Change and Earth System Science Beijing Normal University Guangdong Province Key Laboratory for Climate Change and Natural Disaster Studies and School of Atmospheric Sciences Sun Yat-sen University alfred-Wegener-Institut Helmholtz Zentrum für Polar-und Meeresforschung University of Bremen Institute of Environmental Physics Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory Columbia University Earth Institute National Institute of Polar Research Polar Research and Forecasting Division National Marine Environmental Forecasting Center State Key Laboratory of Numerical Modeling for Atmospheric Sciences and Geophysical Fluid Dynamics Institute of Atmospheric Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences

Rapid declines in Arctic sea ice have captured attention and pose significant challenges to a variety of stakeholders. There is a rising demand for Arctic sea ice prediction at daily to seasonal time scales, which is partly a sea ice initial condition problem. Thus, a multivariate data assimilation that integrates sea ice observations to generate realistic and skillful model initialization is needed to improve predictive skill of Arctic sea ice. Sea ice data assimilation is a relatively new research area. In this review paper, we focus on two challenges for implementing multivariate data assimilation systems for sea ice forecast. First, to address the challenge of limited spatiotemporal coverage and large uncertainties of observations, we discuss sea ice parameters derived from satellite remote sensing that(1) have been utilized for improved model initialization, including concentration, thickness and drift, and(2) are currently under development with the potential for enhancing the predictability of Arctic sea ice, including melt ponds and sea ice leads. Second, to strive to generate the ‘‘best" estimate of sea ice initial conditions by combining model simulations/forecasts and observations, we review capabilities and limitations of different data assimilation techniques that have been developed and used to assimilate observed sea ice parameters in dynamical models.

关键词： Arctic sea ice prediction Remote sensing Data assimilation

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艺术作为行动——盖尔《艺术与能动性》导读

民族艺术 2020年第1期 117-125,142页

作者：程莹北京大学外国语学院亚非系

英国人类学家阿尔弗雷德·盖尔在其出版于1998年的《艺术与能动性》一书中首次提出了艺术的能动性理论,建立了一种新的"以行动为中心"的艺术研究框架。他的这部著作一直被看作是艺术人类学领域的奠基之作。要理解盖尔能动性理论体系的... 详细信息

英国人类学家阿尔弗雷德·盖尔在其出版于1998年的《艺术与能动性》一书中首次提出了艺术的能动性理论,建立了一种新的"以行动为中心"的艺术研究框架。他的这部著作一直被看作是艺术人类学领域的奠基之作。要理解盖尔能动性理论体系的核心概念及方法论意义,就需要在艺术史与人类学研究的脉络中回溯盖尔的基本观点和论证方法。能动性理论改变了过去艺术学界对纯粹审美和符号意义的关注,强调不再把艺术单纯看作一种有待阐释的文本或对艺术品进行某种特定评估,转而重点研究艺术生产、传播和接受的语境,讨论艺术在社会进程中所起到的作用。盖尔的研究提供了一种重新认识艺术的社会功用及其与人类关系的视角,确立了一种具有更加宽阔的人类学视阈的艺术理论。

关键词：阿尔弗雷德·盖尔艺术人类学艺术的能动性艺术关系网络艺术的魅惑性

丙二醛、视黄醇与多囊卵巢综合征发病机制关系的探索

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首都医科大学学报 2018年第4期39卷 512-516页

作者：王虎生阮祥燕李扬璐程姣姣谷牧青杜娟金凤羽 alfred O.Mueck 首都医科大学附属北京妇产医院妇科内分泌科北京100026 德国图宾根大学妇产医院妇女健康部与妇女健康研究中心

目的研究氧化应激指标丙二醛(malondialdehyde,MDA)、视黄醇(retinol,RET)与多囊卵巢综合征(polycystic ovary syndrome,PCOS)发病机制的关系。方法选取2017年7月至10月就诊于首都医科大学附属北京妇产医院内分泌科的PCOS患者65例作为... 详细信息

目的研究氧化应激指标丙二醛(malondialdehyde,MDA)、视黄醇(retinol,RET)与多囊卵巢综合征(polycystic ovary syndrome,PCOS)发病机制的关系。方法选取2017年7月至10月就诊于首都医科大学附属北京妇产医院内分泌科的PCOS患者65例作为研究组,同时选取因女方输卵管因素或男方因素而不孕或正常体检的健康育龄女性24例作为对照组。测量所有参与者的人体测量学指标、内分泌代谢指标及各氧化应激指标,比较PCOS患者与对照组各氧化应激指标特点。结果 PCOS组MDA、超氧化物歧化酶(superoxide dismutase,SOD)均显著高于对照组(P0.05)。MDA与抗苗勒管激素(anti-Müllerian hormone,AMH)呈明显正相关(r=0.208,P=0.05),与睾酮(testosterone,TT)、空腹胰岛素(fasting insulin,FINS)、稳态胰岛素指数(homeostasis model assessment insulin resistance,HOMA-IR)无明显相关性(P>0.05);RET与AMH呈明显负相关(r=-0.232,P0.05)。结论多个氧化应激指标显示PCOS患者体内MDA代表的氧化应激水平增高,RET代表的抗氧化水平降低,深入研究氧化应激与PCOS的关系可能有助于阐明PCOS的发病机制。

关键词：多囊卵巢综合征氧化应激丙二醛视黄醇发病机制

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生育力保护保存与早发性卵巢功能不全的防治

临床药物治疗杂志 2018年第3期16卷 1-5页

作者：程姣姣阮祥燕冯欣 alfred O.Mueck 首都医科大学附属北京妇产医院内分泌科北京100026 德国图宾根大学妇产医院内分泌与绝经中心德国图宾根d72076 首都医科大学附属北京妇产医院药事部北京100026

绝经是女性在45~55岁之间出现的生理现象,平均绝经年龄为49岁。40岁之前出现的绝经被称为早绝经或早发性卵巢功能不全(premature ovarian insufficiency,POI),其发病率缺乏全球及全国流行病学数据,估计约1%~7%,在中国可能更高。POI的最... 详细信息

绝经是女性在45~55岁之间出现的生理现象,平均绝经年龄为49岁。40岁之前出现的绝经被称为早绝经或早发性卵巢功能不全(premature ovarian insufficiency,POI),其发病率缺乏全球及全国流行病学数据,估计约1%~7%,在中国可能更高。POI的最大危害就是对生育力的严重影响和早绝经给女性带来的近期及远期不良后果包括潮热、出汗、失眠、性欲降低及痴呆、心、脑血管疾病、骨质疏松等慢性病发病风险明显增高,以及早死风险增高等。这些严重影响女性的生育、生活质量及预期寿命。导致POI的病因复杂,尤其是医源性因素,如接受放疗和化疗的年轻患者70%~100%会导致POI。随着科学的发展,对医源性POI的防治有了突破性进展,本文主要就医源性POI的防治进行综述。

关键词：早发性卵巢功能不全激素替代治疗生育力保护雌激素卵巢组织冻存移植不孕症

Aberrant cholesterol metabolic signaling impairs antitumor immunosurveillance through natural killer T cell dysfunction in obese liver

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Cellular & Molecular Immunology 2022年第7期19卷 834-847页

作者： Wenshu Tang Jingying Zhou Weiqin Yang Yu Feng Haoran Wu Myth T.S.Mok Lingyun Zhang Zhixian Liang Xiaoyu Liu Zhewen Xiong Xuezhen Zeng Jing Wang Jiahuan Lu Jingqing Li Hanyong Sun Xiaoyu Tian Philip Chun Yeung Yong Hou Heung Man Lee Candice C.H.Lam Howard H.W.Leung Anthony W.H.Chan Ka Fai To John Wong Paul B.S.Lai Kelvin K.C.Ng Simon K.H.Wong Vincent W.S.Wong Alice P.S.Kong Joseph J.Y.Sung alfred S.L.cheng school of Biomedical Sciences The Chinese University of Hong KongHong Kong SAR 999077China Department of Anatomical and Cellular Pathology The Chinese University of Hong KongHong Kong SAR 999077China Department of Liver Surgery Ren Ji HospitalSchool of MedicineShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200127China Department of Surgery The Chinese University of Hong KongHong Kong SAR 999077China Department of Medicine and Therapeutics The Chinese University of Hong Kong.Hong Kong SAR 999077China State Key Laboratory of Digestive Disease The Chinese University of Hong KongHong Kong SAR 999077China Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine Nanyang Technological UniversitySingapore 639798Singapore Institute of Precision Medicine The First Affliated HospitalSun Yat-sen UniversityGuangzhou 510080China

Obesity is a major risk factor for cancers including hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)that develops from a background of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD).Hypercholesterolemia is a common comorbidity of *** cholesterol biosynthesis mainly occurs in the liver,its role in HCC development of obese people remains *** high-fat high-carbohydrate diet-associated orthotopic and spontaneous NAFLD-HCC mouse models,we found that hepatic cholesterol accumulation in obesity selectively suppressed natural killer T(NKT)cell-mediated antitumor *** analysis of human liver revealed aberrant cholesterol metabolism and NKT cell dysfunction in NAFLD ***,cholesterol-lowering rosuvastatin restored NKT expansion and cytotoxicity to prevent obesogenic diet-promoted HCC ***,suppression of hepatic cholesterol biosynthesis by a mammalian target of rapamycin(mTOR)inhibitor vistusertib preceded tumor regression,which was abolished by NKT inactivation but not CD8^(+)T cell ***,sterol regulatory element-binding protein 2(SREBP2)-driven excessive cholesterol production from hepatocytes induced lipid peroxide accumulation and deficient cytotoxicity in NKT cells,which were supported by findings in people with obesity,NAFLD and *** study highlights mTORC1/SREBP2/cholesterol-mediated NKT dysfunction in the tumor-promoting NAFLD liver microenvironment,providing intervention strategies that invigorating NKT cells to control HCC in the obesity epidemic.

关键词： Cancer microenvironment Cancer models Tumour immunology

奥利司他综合干预对超重或肥胖型PCOS患者雄激素及糖脂代谢的影响

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首都医科大学学报 2019年第4期40卷 572-577页

作者：闵敏阮祥燕赵越王虎生程姣姣罗穗豫许仲婷李萌张露平王月姣 alfred O.Mueck 首都医科大学附属北京妇产医院内分泌科北京100026 德国图宾根大学妇产医院妇女健康部与妇女健康研究中心图宾根D-72076德国

目的探讨奥利司他综合干预对超重或肥胖型多囊卵巢综合征(polycystic ovary syndrome,PCOS)患者人体测量学、雄激素、糖脂代谢的影响。方法选取2018年5月至9月于首都医科大学附属北京妇产医院内分泌科就诊的超重或肥胖型PCOS患者75例[... 详细信息

目的探讨奥利司他综合干预对超重或肥胖型多囊卵巢综合征(polycystic ovary syndrome,PCOS)患者人体测量学、雄激素、糖脂代谢的影响。方法选取2018年5月至9月于首都医科大学附属北京妇产医院内分泌科就诊的超重或肥胖型PCOS患者75例[体质量指数(body mass index,BMI)≥24kg/m^2],按照就诊顺序抽取号码,随机分为两组,组1:患者50例,用奥利司他加屈螺酮炔雌醇片(Ⅱ)(优思悦)综合干预;组2:患者25例,单用优思悦,观察并比较两组患者治疗前和治疗3个月后人体测量学、雄激素、糖脂代谢、肝肾功能指标的变化。结果治疗3个月后,奥利司他加优思悦综合干预组及单用优思悦组的体质量、腰围、臀围、BMI均明显下降,但奥利司他加优思悦综合干预组降幅均明显大于单用优思悦组(P0.05);糖脂代谢及肝肾功能指标均有所变化,变化幅度组间比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论奥利司他联合优思悦在改善超重或肥胖型PCOS患者的体质量及腰围方面优于单用优思悦,为临床合理用药选择提供了依据。

关键词：超重或肥胖多囊卵巢综合征奥利司他屈螺酮炔雌醇片(Ⅱ)(优思悦)

围绝经期与绝经后女性雄激素浓度对情绪障碍及性功能障碍的影响

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首都医科大学学报 2023年第4期44卷 517-523页

作者：王志坤阮祥燕鞠蕊杨瑜蒋玲玲程姣姣李妍秋谷牧青刘莉莉王泽铖 alfred O.Mueck 首都医科大学附属北京妇产医院/北京妇幼保健院内分泌科北京100026 德国图宾根大学妇产医院妇女健康部与妇女健康研究中心图宾根D-72076德国

目的探讨围绝经期与绝经后女性雄激素浓度对情绪障碍及性功能障碍的影响。方法募集2022年1月至2022年12月于首都医科大学附属北京妇产医院内分泌科就诊的280例40~65岁女性,包括绝经前76例、围绝经期84例和绝经后120例,测量身高、体质量... 详细信息

目的探讨围绝经期与绝经后女性雄激素浓度对情绪障碍及性功能障碍的影响。方法募集2022年1月至2022年12月于首都医科大学附属北京妇产医院内分泌科就诊的280例40~65岁女性,包括绝经前76例、围绝经期84例和绝经后120例,测量身高、体质量、血压、腰围、臀围等指标,进行包括情绪障碍和性功能障碍等绝经相关症状的问卷调查。将围绝经期及绝经后女性分为情绪障碍组及对照组,性功能障碍组及对照组,采用化学发光免疫法检测血清卵泡刺激素、黄体生成素、雌二醇、孕酮、催乳素浓度,采用液相色谱串联质谱法检测血清性激素结合球蛋白、总睾酮、游离睾酮、生物活性睾酮、脱氢表雄酮、硫酸脱氢表雄酮、雄烯二酮、双氢睾酮浓度。结果与绝经前相比,围绝经期与绝经后女性的血清游离睾酮、生物活性睾酮、雄烯二酮、脱氢表雄酮、硫酸脱氢表雄酮浓度显著降低(P0.05);与绝经前相比,围绝经期与绝经后女性血清总睾酮浓度稍降低,但差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);围绝经期与绝经后女性情绪障碍与血清总睾酮浓度降低有关(P<0.05),性功能障碍与血清硫酸脱氢表雄酮浓度降低有关(P<0.05)。结论围绝经期与绝经后女性多种雄激素浓度下降,情绪障碍与血清总睾酮浓度降低有关,性功能障碍与血清硫酸脱氢表雄酮浓度降低有关。

关键词：围绝经期绝经情绪障碍女性性功能障碍雄激素