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Premature losses of leaf area in response to drought and insect herbivory through a leaf lifespan gradient

Journal of Forestry Research 2022年第1期33卷 39-50页

作者： Sonia Mediavilla Montserrat Martínez-Ortega Santiago Andrés Javier Bobo alfonso escudero Departamento de Ecología Facultad de BiologíaUniversidad de Salamanca37071 SalamancaSpain Departamento de Botánica y Fisiología Vegetal Facultad de BiologíaUniversidad de Salamanca37071 SalamancaSpain

Implications of the differences in leaf life span are still subject to debate in the field of *** leaf traits associated with these differences may be decisive for determining the distribution of tree species,this topic is particularly relevant in the context of climate *** study analyzes the effects of the differences in leaf life span on premature losses of leaf area owing to insect herbivory and to abiotic *** of leaf area may be an important determinant of total leaf carbon *** Mediterranean tree species,distributed on four sites with different climates were *** species exhibited strong differences in leaf life span and in leaf traits,especially leaf mass per unit *** leaf area losses were estimated in response to insect herbivory and summer drought over two *** results revealed that,despite having older leaf cohorts with more damage,species with longer leaf duration had lower area lost to herbivores and less damage due to accelerated senescence during the summer *** respect to the predicted increase in water stress,deciduous species are at a disadvantage due to their high premature loss of leaf area and thus loss of photosynthetic capacity.

关键词： Accelerated senescence Insect herbivory Leaf life span Leaf structural reinforcement Summer drought

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Ontogenetic transition in leaf traits: a new cost associated with the increase in leaf longevity

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Journal of Plant Ecology 2014年第6期7卷 567-575页

作者： Sonia Mediavilla Maria Herranz Patricia González-Zurdo alfonso escudero Departamento de Ecología Facultad de BiologíaUniversidad de SalamancaSalamanca 37071Spain

Aims Recent work has identified a worldwide‘economics’spectrum of correlated leaf traits that mainly reflects the compromises between maximizing leaf longevity and short-term ***,during the early stages of tree growth different species tend to exhibit a common strategy,because competition for soil water and nutrients forces the maximization of short-term productivity owing to the need for rapid growth during the most vulnerable part of the tree’s life ***,our aim here was to compare the variations that occur during ontogeny in the different leaf traits(morphology and leaf chemical composition)of several coexisting Mediterranean woody species differing in their leaf life spans and to test our hypothesis that tree species with a long leaf life span should exhibit larger shifts in leaf characteristics along *** Six Mediterranean tree species differing in leaf life span,selected from three plots located in central-western Spain,were studied during three growth stages:seedlings,juveniles and mature *** life span,leaf morphology(leaf area,dry weight,thickness and mass per unit area)and chemical composition(N and fibre con-centrations)were measured in all six *** magnitude of the ontogenetic changes in the different traits was estimated and related to the mean leaf longevity of the different *** Findings Along ontogeny,strong changes were observed in all variables *** early growth stages showed lower leaf thickness,leaf thickness and mass per unit area and N,cellulose and hemi-cellulose concentrations than mature trees,but a higher lignin ***,these changes were especially marked in species with a longer leaf life span at *** dif-ferences in leaf life span,leaf morphology and chemical com-position were stronger at the mature stage than at the seedling *** conclude that greater plasticity and more intense strat-egy shifts along ontogeny are necessarily associ

关键词： leaf morphology leaf N concentration fibre content Pinus Quercus tree age class

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Plant ontogenetic changes in vein and stomatal traits and their relationship with economic traits in leaves of three Mediterranean oaks

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Journal of Plant Ecology 2021年第6期14卷 1090-1104页

作者： Sonia Mediavilla Ignacio Martin alfonso escudero Area de Ecologia Facultad de BiologiaUniversidad de SalamancaCampus Miguel de UnamunoSalamanca 37007Spain Dpto.de Botanica y Fisiologia Vegetal Facultad de BiologiaUniversidad de SalamancaCampus Miguel de UnamunoSalamanca 37007Spain

Aims We compared vein and stomatal traits of seedlings and adults of three Mediterranean Quercus *** work suggests that gas-exchange rates tend to be higher at the seedling stage than in *** objective was to determine whether vein and stomatal traits vary throughout whole-plant ontogeny in parallel with the changes in gas-exchange *** addressed the following alternative hypotheses:hypothesis 1—seedlings show higher vein and stomatal densities than adults;and hypothesis 2—seedlings have lower investments in vascular tissues to reduce construction *** Ten specimens from each growth stage were randomly sampled for each species in a location in central-western *** measured mean stomatal and vein traits(size and number of stomata per unit of leaf area,vein density,vein volume,vein to epidermis distance),leaf mass per area and lamina *** Findings Minor vein density and vein volume per area increased with tree age,which seems inconsistent with the ontogenetic trends in gas-exchange *** discrepancy is in support of our hypothesis 2,and it suggests that,at the seedling stage,reducing investments in vascular tissues in benefit of maximizing growth rates is a *** interveinal distances in seedlings were compensated by smaller vein to epidermis *** thin leaves of the seedlings may thus constitute as a necessary trait for achieving shorter path length distances for the transport of water to evaporation sites without the need for a strong investment in costly vascular tissues.

关键词： leaf venation leaf life span plant ontogenetic changes Quercus species stomatal traits

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