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A prospective analysis of factors that influence weight loss in patients undergoing radiotherapy

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Chinese Journal of Cancer 2014年第4期33卷 204-210页

作者： Jon Cacicedo Francisco Casquero Lorea Martinez-Indart Olga del Hoyo alfonso Gomez de Iturriaga Arturo Navarro Pedro Bilbao Department of Radiation Oncology Cruces University Hospital Department of Statistics and Epidemiology Cruces University Hospital Department of Radiation Oncology Catalan Institute of OncologyL'Hospitalet de Llobregat

Malnutrition occurs frequently in patients with ***,a variety of nutritional and tumorrelated factors must be taken into account in these *** this relationship,we aimed to prospectively evaluate the risk factors that influence weight loss in patients undergoing radiotherapy with oral nutritional supplementation and dietetic *** loss of 74 patients during radiotherapy and 1 month after treatment was *** such as age,gender,tumor location,tumor stage,Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance status(ECOG PS)score,and the use of chemotherapy were analyzed to evaluate their influence on weight *** patients underwent oral nutritional supplementation and dietetic ***-six(65.7%)patients lost weight,with a mean weight loss of(4.73±3.91)kg,during *** 1 month after treatment,45(66.2%)patients lost weight,presenting a mean weight loss of(4.96±4.04)kg,corresponding to a(6.84±5.24)%net reduction from their baseline *** and neck cancer patients had a mean weight loss of(3.25±5.30)kg,whereas the remaining patients had a mean weight loss of(0.64±2.39)kg(P=0.028)during *** the multivariate analysis,the head and neck tumor location(P=0.005),use of chemotherapy(P=0.011),and ECOG PS score of 2-3(P=0.026)were considered independent risk *** status and parameters,such as tumor location(especially the head and neck),the use of chemotherapy,and the ECOG PS score,should be evaluated before radiotherapy because these factors can influence weight loss during radiotherapy and 1 month after treatment.

关键词：癌症患者放疗减肥头颈部肿瘤平均体重营养不良危险因素营养补充

Genetic Rat Models of Schizophrenia-Relevant Symptoms

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World Journal of Neuroscience 2014年第3期4卷 261-278页

作者： Cristobal del rio Ignasi Oliveras Toni Canete Gloria Blázquez Adolf Tobena Alberto Fernández-Teruel Medical Psychology Unit Department of Psychiatry and Forensic MedicineInstitute of NeurosciencesSchool of MedicineAutonomous University of BarcelonaBarcelonaSpain

It is recognized that developing valid animal models is essential for the research on the neurobiological mechanisms of (and treatments for) psychiatric disorders, even when these are as complex as schizophrenia. To be considered a valid analogue of the disorder, a given model should present good face validity (i.e. similarity of symptoms), good predictive validity (i.e. similarity of treatment effects and potential for discovering novel treatments) and enough construct validity (i.e. the model should help discover neurobiological mechanisms underlying the disorder or some relevant symptoms). The complexity of symptoms (positive, negative and cognitive) of schizophrenia makes it a very difficult task for a model to mimic all the main features of the disorder, but some rodent (mouse and rat) models have behavioural and even neurobiological phenotype characteristics resembling positive-like symptoms, cognitive symptoms and some neurochemical features of schizophrenia. As several recent works have already reviewed the main behavioural and developmental models, as well as the most used drug-induced, lesion-induced and genetic mouse models, the present review focuses on describing the most relevant genetically-based rat models of schizophrenia-relevant symptoms. Thus, we discuss several selective breeding programs leading to rat lines/strains which present impaired prepulse inhibition (PPI) of the acoustic startle response and (in some cases) latent inhibition deficits (both of which may be considered as endophenotypes of schizophrenia related with pre-attentive processes and attention, respectively), as well as other schizophrenia-relevant symptoms (e.g. learning deficits). Evidence is presented for the effects of genetic background on PPI (and other symptoms/phenotypes), as well as for environmental influences on genetic predisposition to enhanced apomorphine (mixed dopamine receptor agonist) effects. Some of the described rat models appear to present face validity and

关键词： Schizophrenia Genetic Rat Models Selective Breeding Prepulse Inhibition Dopamine Serotonin Glutamate

Cholesterol esters in oligodendrocytes and the implications for neurodegenerative diseases

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Cholesterol esters in oligodendrocytes and the implications ...

Natural compounds and extracts from Mexican medicinal plants with anti-leishmaniasis activity: An update

中国神经科学学会第十二届全国学术会议

作者： Cheng Yang Yumeng Zhang Alex Fudge Alejandra Quiroga del rio Huiliang Li The Wolfson Institute for Biomedical Research Division of Medicine University College London

Myelin is supplied by oligodendrocytes（OLs） in the central nervous system. Despite the fact that OLs produce more than 70% of brain cholesterol, how OL cholesterol homeostasis figures in brain development, ageing and ageing-related neurodegenerative diseases has not been well documented. In the brain, cholesterol can be converted into esterified cholesterol by acyl Co A: cholesterol acyltransferase 1（ACAT1）. Our lipidomics analysis of mouse corpus callosum（mainly made up by myelin sheaths） tissues revealed changes in the levels of several molecular species of cholesterol esters at different ages as well as in a mouse model of neurodegeneration. We further knocked out ACAT1 specifically in OLs to assess the effects on brain/OL cholesterol ester production, OL development and myelin maintenance. Our data suggest that increased OL cholesterol ester levels may contribute to ageing-related neural degeneration.

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine 2017年第12期10卷 1105-1110页

作者： Gabriel alfonso Gutiérrez-Rebolledo Susan Drier-Jonas María Adelina Jiménez-Arellanes Unidad de Investigación Médica en Farmacología Hospital de EspecialidadesCentro Médico Nacional Siglo XXIInstituto Mexicano del Seguro SocialAv. Cuauhtémoc 330Col. DoctoresDelg. Cuauhtémoc06720 Ciudad de MéxicoMexico

Leishmaniasis is considered as an emerging, uncontrolled disease and is endemic in 98 countries. Annually, about 2 million cases of cutaneous and 500000 cases of visceraltype leishmaniasis are recorded and 60000 persons died from the disease. In Mexico,cutaneous leishmaniasis is known as chiclero's ulcer and is reported in 22 states, it is considered as a health problem. For its treatment, pentavalent antimonial drugs are administered. These drugs cause severe side effects, are costly. Drug-resistant cases have been reported and have been developing for over 70 years. One alternative to the drugs that are currently available is to find active molecules in medicinal plants. Dihydrocorynantheine, corynantheine and corynantheidine are active against Leishmania major,while harmane, pleiocarpin, buchtienin, luteolin and quercetin are active against Leishmania donovani. In Mexico, about 20 medicinal plants have been evaluated against Leishmania mexicana, among which the most active are Tridax procumbens, Lonchocarpus xuul and Pentalinon andrieuxii. From these plants, active compounds with IC_(50)≤30 mg/mL or m M have been isolated, such as 3(S)-16,17-didehydrofalcarinol or Oxylipin, cholestra-4,20,24-trien-3-one or pentalinosterol, 24-methylcholest-4-24(28)-dien-3-one, cholest-4-en-3-one, 6,7-dihydroneridie-none, neridienone, cholest-5,20,24-trien-3β-ol, and isocordoin. Today, only pentalinonsterol has been synthesized and assayed in the visceral leishmaniasis experimental model using BALB/c mice infected with Leishmania donovani. Liposome formulation of this compound administered by intravenous route at 2.5 mg/kg showed a significant reduction of parasite load in mouse liver and spleen.

关键词： Active extracts Leishmaniasis Antileishmanicidal activity Natural compounds Mexican medicinal plants

Protirelin(thyrotropin-releasing hormone)in thyroid gland:possible involvement in regulation of thyroid status

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中国药理学报 1999年第4期20卷 289-291页

作者： Derek G SMYTH Jesus del rio-GARCIA Herwig WALLNÖFER Harald GOGL Wolfgang SIMMA Ariana HUBER Robert EMBACHER Hamish FRASER Günther KREIL Institute of Molecular Biology.BillrothstnasseⅡ A-5020SalzburgAustria Unit of Phammacology Universiry of MurciaMurcia 301000.Spain MRC Reproductive Biology Unit Chalmers StreetEdinburgh EH89JZScotlanul.UK

AIM:To establish the presence of the hypothalamic hormone protirelin(thyrotropin-releasing hormone,TRH)in human thyroid and to investigate whether the concentration of this peptide in the thyroid gland is sensitive to thyroid ***:A procedure has been developed for the determination of TRH in the thyroid gland,distinct from TRH-like peptides which also react with ***:Human thyroid was shown to contain both authentic TRH and TRH-like peptides,a similar pattern was seen in a range of animal *** concentrations of TRH in non-active goiter thyroids were substantial(41.6-248 pmol·g-1);in contrast the thyroids from hyperthyroid patients contained very little TRH(0.01-2.52 pmol·g-1).CONCLUSION:The physiologic role of TRH in the thyroid is not known but the large difference between the concentrations of this hormone in non-active and hyperactive thyroids suggests that thyroidal TRH may be involved in the regulation of thyroid status.

关键词： protirelin thyroid gland thyrotropin thyroid hormones hyperthyroidism goiter

Investigation of compensatory postures with videofluoromanometry in dysphagia patients

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2012年第23期18卷 2973-2978页

作者： Antonio Solazzo Luigi Monaco Lucia del Vecchio Stefania Tamburrini Francesca Iacobellis Daniela Berritto Nunzia Luisa Pizza alfonso Reginelli Natale Di Martino Roberto Grassi Department of Radiology Magrassi-Lanzara Second University of Naples 80138 Napoli Italy Department of Gerontology Geriatrics and Metabolic Diseases Second University of Naples 80138 Napoli Italy Department of Pathology of the Head and Neck Oral Cavity and Audio-verbal Communication Second University of Naples 80138 Napoli Italy UOC Diagnostic Imaging PO Pellegrini 80134 Napoli Italy

AIM: To investigate the effectiveness of head compensatory postures to ensure safe oropharyngeal transit. METHODS: A total of 321 dysphagia patients were enrolled and assessed with videofluoromanometry (VFM). The dysphagia patients were classified as follows: safe transit; penetration without aspiration; aspiration before, during or after swallowing; multiple aspirations and no transit. The patients with aspiration or no transit were tested with VFM to determine whether compensatory postures could correct their swallowing disorder. RESULTS: VFM revealed penetration without aspiration in 71 patients (22.1%); aspiration before swallowing in 17 patients (5.3%); aspiration during swallowing in 32 patients (10%); aspiration after swallowing in 21 patients (6.5%); multiple aspirations in six patients (1.9%); no transit in five patients (1.6%); and safe transit in 169 patients (52.6%). Compensatory postures guaranteed a safe transit in 66/75 (88%) patients with aspiration or no transit. A chin-down posture achieved a safe swallow in 42/75 (56%) patients, a head-turned posture in 19/75 (25.3%) and a hyperextended head posture in 5/75 (6.7%). The compensatory postures were not effective in 9/75 (12%) cases. CONCLUSION: VFM allows the speech-language therapist to choose the most effective compensatory posture without a trial-and-error process and check the effectiveness of the posture.

关键词： Aspiration Compensatory postures Oro-pharyngeal dysphagia Videofluoromanometry Chin-down posture Head-turned Hyperextended head

Can morphological and behavioral traits predict the foraging and feeding dynamics of social arachnids?

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Current Zoology 2021年第2期67卷 183-190页

作者： Renan F.MOURA Everton TIZO-PEDROSO Kleber del-CLARO Laboratório de Ecologia Comportamental e de Interaçōes Instituto de BiologiaUniversidade Federal de UberlândiaUberlândiaMG38402-020Brazil Centro de Ensino e Aprendizado em Rede Universidade Estadual de GoiásAnápolisGO75123-315Brazil

Complex social insect species exhibit task specialization mediated by morphological and behavior-al ***,evidence of such traits is scarce for other social *** investigated whether the social pseudoscorpion Paratemnoides nidificator exhibits morphologically and behav-iorally specialized individuals in prey *** measured body and chela sizes of adult pseudo-scorpions and analyzed predation *** individuals spent more time moving through the colony and foraging than smaller *** that captured prey had increased body and absolute chelae *** larger individuals had relatively small chelae size,they showed a higher probability of prey *** individuals manipulated prey often,although they fed less than smaller *** that initiated captures fed more frequently and for more time than the *** selection might be favoring individuals speci-alized in foraging and colony protection,allowing smaller and less efficient adults to avoid contact with dangerous *** our knowledge,there is incipient information regarding specialized indi-viduals in arachnids,and our results might indicate the emergence of a morphologically special-ized group in this species.

关键词： altruistic species behavioral ecology cooperative species morphological specialization Pseudoscorpiones social arachnids

Analysis of the Supply Chain in Industrial Companies in Guayaquil,Ecuador-A Secondary Publication

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Proceedings of Business and Economic Studies 2024年第1期7卷 242-255页

作者： Génesis Belén Linzán Soledispa Betty Janeth Soledispa Canarte Víctor alfonso ChávezSoledispa Oscar Rolando Fiallos González Universidad Politécnica Salesiana GuayaquilEcuador Universidad Estatal del Sur de Manabí ManabíEcuador Universidad Católica de Santiago de Guayaquil GuayaquilEcuador

This research clearly outlines the supply chain in a process of evolution and digital transformation,where the collaboration of its members is concentrated,having technological tools to help chain *** analyze the advantages that this transformation produces in the supply chain,as well as its different processes,this study has a systemic perspective that involves precise elements for organizational development,such as the different phases of each process,operations,logistics,and *** must be borne in mind that any strategy in industrial companies grants the automation of procedures in the supply chain and determines a product in any phase of production,making the organization more sensitive to any variation in *** methodology included a bibliographic and non-experimental review that allows a descriptive and analytical study,which details the various characteristics of the fact that is being investigated,collecting information through interviews with different people who are involved with industrial *** the results obtained,it was identified that digital transformation helps reduce costs and generates greater *** conclusion,it was obtained that the digital supply chain helps in each of the phases of the processes,these are supervised by devices that help to have fast and effective information.

关键词： Digital transformation Supply chain Industries 4.0 Sustainability

Genetic variants involved in gallstone formation and capsaicin metabolism,and the risk of gallbladder cancer in Chilean women

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2010年第3期16卷 372-378页

作者： Sergio Báez Yasuo Tsuchiya alfonso Calvo Martha Pruyas Kazutoshi Nakamura Chikako Kiyohara Mari Oyama Masaharu Yamamoto Department of Surgery Sótero del Río Hospital Department of Community Preventive Medicine Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences Department of Anatomic Pathology Sótero del Río Hospital Department of Preventive Medicine Graduate School of Medical SciencesKyushu University Faculty of Health Sciences Niigata University of Health and Welfare

AIM:To determine the effects of genetic variants associated with gallstone formation and capsaicin (a pungent component of chili pepper) metabolism on the risk of gallbladder cancer (GBC).METHODS: A total of 57 patients with GBC, 119 patients with gallstones, and 70 controls were enrolled in this study. DNA was extracted from their blood or paraffi n block sample using standard commercial kits. The statuses of the genetic variants were assayed using Taqman SNP Genotyping Assays or Custom Taqman SNP Genotyping ***:The non-ancestral T/T genotype of apolipoprotein B rs693 polymorphism was associated with a decreased risk of GBC (OR:0.14,95% CI:0.03-0.63). The T/T genotype of cholesteryl ester transfer protein (CETP) rs708272 polymorphism was associated with an increased risk of GBC (OR:5.04,95% CI:1.43-17.8).CONCLUSION: Genetic variants involved in gallstone formation such as the apolipoprotein B rs693 and CETP rs 708272 polymorphisms may be related to the risk of developing GBC in Chilean women.

关键词： Genetic risk factor Gallbladder cancer Gallstone Genetic polymorphism Apolipoprotein B Cholesteryl ester transfer protein