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Dietary supplementation of zinc oxide modulates intestinal functionality during the post-weaning period in clinically healthy piglets

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2024年第1期15卷 313-328页

作者： Dirkjan Schokker Soumya K.Kar Els Willems Alex Bossers Ruud A.Dekker alfons J.M.Jansman Wageningen Bioveterinary Research LelystadThe Netherlands Wageningen Livestock Research Wageningen University&ResearchWageningenThe Netherlands Royal Agrifirm Group ApeldoornThe Netherlands Institute for Risk Assessment Sciences Utrecht UniversityUtrechtThe Netherlands

Background To improve our understanding of host and intestinal microbiome interaction,this research investigated the effects of a high-level zinc oxide in the diet as model intervention on the intestinal microbiome and small intestinal functionality in clinically healthy post-weaning *** study 1,piglets received either a high concentration of zinc(Zn)as zinc oxide(Zn O,Zn,2,690 mg/kg)or a low Zn concentration(100 mg/kg)in the diet during the post weaning period(d 14–23).The effects on the piglet's small intestinal microbiome and functionality of intestinal tissue were *** study 2,the impact of timing of the dietary zinc intervention was investigated,i.e.,between d 0–14 and/or d 14–23 post weaning,and the consecutive effects on the piglet's intestinal functionality,here referring to microbiota composition and diversity and gene expression *** Differences in the small intestinal functionality were observed during the post weaning period between piglets receiving a diet with a low or high concentration Zn O content.A shift in the microbiota composition in the small intestine was observed that could be characterized as a non-pathological change,where mainly the commensals *** the immediate post weaning period,i.e.,d 0–14,the highest number of differentially expressed genes(DEGs)in intestinal tissue were observed between animals receiving a diet with a low or high concentration Zn O content,i.e.,23 DEGs in jejunal tissue and 11 DEGs in ileal *** genes are involved in biological processes related to immunity and inflammatory *** example,genes CD59 and REG3G were downregulated in the animals receiving a diet with a high concentration Zn O content compared to low Zn O content in both jejunum and ileum *** the second study,a similar result was obtained regarding the expression of genes in intestinal tissue related to immune pathways when comparing piglets receiving a diet with a high concentration Zn O con

关键词： Immune system Intestinal functionality Microbiota Piglets Zinc oxide

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POD GENERATOR,Development of Numerical Modeling Tools for Quantitative Assessment of the Performance of Non-destructive Inspection Techniques

POD GENERATOR,Development of Numerical Modeling Tools for Qu...

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17th World Conference on Non-Destructive Testing

作者： Arian MAST Arno VOLKER Joost BLOOM Uilke STELWAGEN alfons krom Ali MOHAMOUD Gerard VAN GILS TNO Science and Industry Stieitjesweg 1 2628 CK DelftThe Netherlands

Risk based inspection strategies rely on detailed knowledge of the performance of inspection *** is well known that every inspection technique has limitations in terms of reliability and ***, these are influenced by many factors,e.g.,it depends on operator skills, inspection procedure,defect and object geometry,inspection *** objective of the"POD generator"project is to develop a numerical modeling approach to assess inspection effectiveness for a specific technique and situation. This approach enables a flexible and reliable quantitative assessment at acceptable costs. Besides the models to simulate various degradation mechanisms,numerical models have been developed and validated for accurately simulating the physics of inspection *** the human factor is taken into *** numerical models are then used to generate probability of detection (POD) *** this paper this approach will be illustrated for ultrasonic TOFD inspection. The POD generator will help asset owners to rationalize their inspection and maintenance strategy,*** inspection and maintenance costs whilst preserving safety and reliability of operation at the desired levels.

关键词： Nondestructive inspection Probability of detection POD Time-of flight-diffraction TOFD Pulse-echo PE Guided waves GW Magnetic flux leakage MFL Human factor

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Morphology effects in MnCeO_(x)solid solution-catalyzed NO reduction with CO:Active sites,water tolerance,reaction pathway

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Nano Research 2023年第5期16卷 6951-6959页

作者： Quanquan Shi Yifei Zhang Zhiwen Li Zhongkang Han Liangliang Xu alfons Baiker Gao Li College of Science&College of Material Science and Art Design Inner Mongolia Agricultural UniversityHohhot 010018China College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Shenyang Normal UniversityShenyang 110034China State Key Laboratory of Catalysis Dalian Institute of Chemical PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesDalian 116023China School of Materials Science and Engineering Zhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310027China Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering Korea Advanced Institute of Science and TechnologyDaejeon 34141Republic of Korea Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences Institute for Chemical and BioengineeringETH ZurichHönggerbergHClCH-8093 ZurichSwitzerland

Morphological effects of nanoparticles are crucial in many solid-catalyzed chemical *** herein prepared two manganese-ceria solid solutions,well-defined MnCeO_(x)nanorods and MnCeO_(x)-nanocubes,exposing preferentially(111)and(100)facets of ceria,*** incorporation of Mn dopant into ceria lattice strongly enhanced the catalytic performance in the NO reduction with ***_(x)(111)catalyst outperformed MnCeO_(x)(100)counterpart due to its higher population density of oxygen vacancy ***-situ infrared spectroscopy investigations indicated that the reaction pathway over MnCeO_(x)and pristine CeO_(2)is similar and that besides the direct pathway,an indirect pathway via adsorbed hyponitrite as an intermediate cannot be ruled out.X-ray photoelectron and Raman spectroscopies as well as first-principles density functional theory(DFT)calculations indicate that the enhanced catalytic performance of MnCeO_(x)can be traced back to its“Mn–OL(VÖ)–Mn–OL(VÖ)–Ce”*** Mn dopant strongly facilitates the formation of surface oxygen vacancies(VÖ)by liberating surface lattice oxygen(OL)via CO*+OL→CO_(2)*+VÖand promotes the reduction of NO,according to NO*+VÖ→N*+OL and 2N*→N_(2).The Mn dopant impact on both the adsorption of CO and activation of OL reveals that a balance between these two effects is critical for facilitating all reaction steps.

关键词： NO reduction with CO manganese-ceria solid solution morphology effects reaction mechanism active sites

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Nanostructured Ni-MoCx:An efficient non-noble metal catalyst for the chemoselective hydrogenation of nitroaromatics

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Nano Research 2023年第7期16卷 8919-8928页

作者： Yifei Zhang Zhiwen Li Jingjing Zhang Liangliang Xu Zhong-Kang Han alfons Baiker Gao Li Institute of Catalysis for Energy and Environment College of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringShenyang Normal UniversityShenyang 110034China State Key Laboratory of Catalysis Dalian Institute of Chemical PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesDalian 116023China Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology(KAIST)Daejeon 34141Republic of Korea School of Materials Science and Engineering Zhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310027China Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences Institute for Chemical and BioengineeringETH ZurichHönggerbergHClZurich CH-8093Switzerland University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China

Catalysts for chemoselective hydrogenation are of vital importance for the synthesis of various important chemicals and *** we developed a simple method for preparing a highly efficient Ni-MoC_(x)nanocomposite catalyst via temperature-programmed carburization of a polyoxometalate precursor.X-ray diffraction(XRD),scanning transmission electron microscopy(STEM),X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy(XPS),and X-ray absorption spectroscopy(XAS)analyses indicate that the resulting mesoporous nanocomposite catalyst is made up of well-dispersed metallic nickel particles embedded in a MoC_(x)*** catalyst exhibits high activity and selectivity(>99%)in the hydrogenation of various substituted nitroaromatics to corresponding *** high efficiency is attributed to the intimate contact of the constituents favoring electron transfer and hydrogen *** is physisorbed on the carbide support and dissociates on the nickel particles,as evidenced by Mo K-edge X-ray absorption near-edge structure(XANES)spectra,density functional theory(DFT),and hydrogen-deuterium *** remarkable catalytic performance of the catalyst could be traced back to the synergistic interaction between the Ni particles and the carbide ***-situ infrared spectroscopy and DFT simulations indicated that the adsorption/activation of the nitro group is favored compared to that of other substituents at the aromatic *** recyclability tests,the Ni-MoC_(x)nanocomposite showed no significant loss of catalytic performance in seven consecutive runs,indicating its robust nature.

关键词： Ni-MoC_(x)nanocomposite carburization of polyoxometalate hydrogenation nitroaromatics synergistic effect

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Corrosion behavior of Fe–Cr–Ni based alloys exposed to molten MgCl_(2)–KCl–NaCl salt with over-added Mg corrosion inhibitor

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Frontiers of Chemical Science and Engineering 2023年第10期17卷 1608-1619页

作者： Rui Yu Qing Gong Hao Shi Yan Chai Alexander Bonk alfons Weisenburger Dihua Wang Georg Müller Thomas Bauer Wenjin Ding Institute for Pulsed Power and Microwave Technology Karlsruhe Institute of Technology(KIT)76344 Eggenstein-LeopoldshafenGermany School of Resources and Environmental Science Wuhan University(WHU)Wuhan 430072China Institute of Engineering Thermodynamics German Aerospace Center(DLR)70569 StuttgartGermany Institute of Engineering Thermodynamics German Aerospace Center(DLR)70569 CologneGermany

MgCl_(2)–NaCl–KCl salts mixture shows great potential as a high-temperature(>700°C)thermal energy storage material in next-generation concentrated solar power *** Mg into molten MgCl_(2)–NaCl–KCl salt as a corrosion inhibitor is one of the most effective and cost-effective methods to mitigate the molten salt corrosion of commercial Fe–Cr–Ni ***,it is found in this work that both stainless steel 310 and Incoloy 800H samples were severely corroded after 500 h immersion test at 700°C when the alloy samples directly contacted with the over-added Mg in the liquid *** corrosion attack is different from the classical impurity-driven corrosion in molten chloride salts found in previous *** analysis indicates that Ni preferentially leaches out of alloy matrix due to the tendency to form MgNi_(2)/Mg_(2)Ni *** Ni-depletion leads to the formation of a porous corrosion layer on both alloys,with the thickness around 204μm(stainless steel 310)and 1300μm(Incoloy 800H),*** results suggest that direct contact of liquid Mg with Ni-containing alloys should be avoided during using Mg as a corrosion inhibitor for MgCl_(2)–NaCl–KCl or other chlorides for high temperature heat storage and transfer.

关键词： concentrated solar power(CSP) Mg corrosion inhibitor Mg-Ni intermetallic salt purification thermal energy storage(TES)

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Continuous dimethyl carbonate synthesis from CO_(2) and methanol over Bi_(x)Ce_(1-x)O_(δ) monoliths:Effect of bismuth doping on population of oxygen vacancies,activity,and reaction pathway

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Nano Research 2022年第2期15卷 1366-1374页

作者： Yongdong Chen Yue Li Wei Chen Wen Wu Xu Zhong-kang Han Ammara Waheed Zhongbin Ye Gao Li alfons Baiker College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Southwest Petroleum UniversityChengdu 610500China School of Physical Science and Technology Ningbo UniversityNingbo 315211China Center for Energy Science and Technology Skolkovo Institute of Science and TechnologySkolkovo Innovation CenterMoscow 143026Russia State Key Laboratory of Catalysis Dalian Institute of Chemical PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesDalian 116023China ETH Zurich Department of Chemistry and Applied BiosciencesInstitute for Chemical and BioengineeringHonggerbergHClCH-8093 ZurichSwitzerland

We evaluated bismuth doped cerium oxide catalysts for the continuous synthesis of dimethyl carbonate(DMC)from methanol and carbon dioxide in the absence of a dehydrating ***_(x)Ce_(1-x)O_(δ)nanocomposites of various compositions(x=0.06-0.24)were coated on a ceramic honeycomb and their structural and catalytic properties were *** incorporation of Bi species into the CeO_(2) lattice facilitated controlling of the surface population of oxygen vacancies,which is shown to play a crucial role in the mechanism of this reaction and is an important parameter for the design of ceria-based *** DMC production rate of the Bi_(x)Ce_(1-x)O_(δ) catalysts was found to be strongly enhanced with increasing Ov *** concentration of oxygen vacancies exhibited a maximum for Bi_(0.12)Ce_(0.88)O_(δ),which afforded the highest DMC production ***-term tests showed stable activity and selectivity of this catalyst over 45 h on-stream at 140°C and a gas-hourly space velocity of 2,880 mL·g_(cat)^(-1)·h^(-1).In-situ modulation excitation diffuse reflection Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and first-principle calculations indicate that the DMC synthesis occurs through reaction of a bidentate carbonate intermediate with the activated methoxy(-OCH_(3))*** activation of C0_(2) to form the bidentate carbonate intermediate on the oxygen vacancy sites is identified as highest energy barrier in the reaction pathway and thus is likely the rate-determining step.

关键词： dimethyl carbonate synthesis bismuth-cerium oxides monolithic catalyst oxygen vacancies reaction mechanism

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My China Story

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China Today 2022年第10期71卷 60-62页

作者： alfons LABISCH the Institute for Medical History at Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf the German National Academy of Sciences Leopoldina and honorary professor at Beijing Foreign Studies University

MY China story,about the profound influence China has had on my life from childhood through to the present,is a long one that I hope will continue far into the future.I spent a great deal of my boyhood,more than 65 years ago,leafing through all kinds of books,admittedly drawn more to their vivid illustrations than *** included travel literature encompassing works by German zoologist Ernst Haeckel on Insulinde,the Latin name for what we call today *** at their exotic images,especially of volcanoes,I vowed to see these distant outposts for *** dream was to venture beyond Southeast Asia to East Asia as a whole-to Japan and,of course,to China.

关键词： travel dream admitted

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Mon histoire avec la Chine

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今日中国（法文版） 2022年第7期60卷 59-61页

作者： alfons LABISCH Académie nationale allemande des sciences Université Heinrich-Heine de Dusseldorf Université des langues étrangères de Beijing

Mon histoire avec la Chine est une longue *** je n’étais encore qu’un petit garçon-et c’était il y a plus de 65 ans-je lisais beaucoup,du moins je regardais les photos qui accompagnaient le texte.

关键词： his les ais

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Analysis of tumor-draining vein secretome: A direct access to tumor-derived extracellular vesicles in surgical lung cancer patients

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BIOCELL 2023年第5期47卷 951-957页

作者： YANGYI HE DAVID SANCHEZ-LORENTE MELISSA ACOSTA-PLASENCIA MARC BOADA ANGELA GUIRAO RAMON MMARRADES LAUREANO MOLINS alfons NAVARRO Molecular Oncology and Embryology Laboratory Department of Surgery and Surgical SpecializationsHuman Anatomy UnitFaculty of Medicine and Health SciencesUniversitat de Barcelona(UB)Barcelona08036Spain School of Basic Medical Sciences Chengdu UniversityChengdu610106China Department of Thoracic Surgery Hospital Clínic de BarcelonaUniversitat de Barcelona(UB)Barcelona08036Spain Thoracic Oncology Unit Hospital ClinicBarcelona08036Spain Institut d’Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer(IDIBAPS) Barcelona08036Spain Department of Pneumology Institut Clínic Respiratori(ICR)Hospital Clínic de BarcelonaUniversitat de Barcelona(UB)Barcelona08036Spain Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Respiratorias(CIBERES) Instituto de Salud Carlos IIIMadrid28029Spain

Tumor-secreted extracellular vesicles(EVs)participate in the metastasis process through different mechanisms,including the preparation of the pre-metastatic niche to grant circulating tumor cells(CTCs)implantation and *** study of the metastasis process through the analysis of CTCs and tumor-derived EVs is difficult because of the dilution grade of these elements in peripheral *** early-stage lung cancer patients,the tumor-secreted products are even more *** attractive strategy in surgical lung cancer patients is to purify them from a pulmonary tumor-draining vein where they are *** information obtained from the analysis of EVs and CTCs purified from this source could give more accurate information about tumor biology and could be an important source of biomarkers to identify patients at high risk of relapse after curative surgery.

关键词： Lung cancer Liquid biopsy Tumor-draining vein Extracellular vesicles Exosomes

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Effect of welding parameters on the heat-affected zone of AISI409 ferritic stainless steel

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International Journal of Minerals,Metallurgy and Materials 2012年第10期19卷 923-929页

作者： Eslam Ranjbarnodeh Stefanie Hanke Sabine Weiss alfons Fischer Young Researchers Club(East Tehran Branch) Islamic Azad UniversityTehran 33955-163Iran Materials Science and Engineering University of Duisburg-EssenDuisburg 47057Germany

One of the main problems during the welding of ferritic stainless steels is severe grain growth within the heat-affected zone （HAZ） In the present study, the microstmctural characteristics of tungsten inert gas （TIG） welded AISI409 ferritic stainless steel were investigated by electron backscattered diffraction （EBSD）, and the effects of welding parameters on the grain size, local misorientation, and low-angle grain boundaries were studied. A 3-D finite element model （FEM） was developed to predict the effects of welding parameters on the holding time of the HAZ above the critical temperature of grain growth. It is found that the base metal is not fully recrystallized. During the welding, complete recrystallization is followed by severe grain growth. A decrease in the number of low-angle grain boundaries is observed within the HAZ. FEM results show that the final state of residual sWains is caused by competition between welding plastic strains and their release by recrystallization. Still, the decisive factor for grain growth is heat input.

关键词： ferritic stainless steel welding heat affected zone recrystallization grain growth finite element method

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