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Known drugs and small molecules in the battle for COVID-19 treatment

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Genes & Diseases 2020年第4期7卷 528-534页

作者： alexios A.Panoutsopoulos Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine University of CaliforniaDavisCAUSA Institute for Pediatric Regenerative Medicine Shriners Hospitals for ChildrenNorthern California2425 Stockton BoulevardSacramentoCA95817USA

COVID-19 has been declared a pandemic by the World Health Organization on March 11th and since then more than 3 million cases and a quarter million deaths have occurred due to *** urge to find a resultful treatment or cure is now pressing more than any other time since the outbreak of the *** all over the world from different fields of expertise are trying to find the most suitable drugs,that are already known to treat other diseases,and could tackle the process of SARS-CoV2 through which it invades and replicates in human ***,we discuss five of the most promising drugs that can potentially play a major role in the treatment of *** nicotine and ivermectin may be blocking transport abilities of the virus or its components,famotidine,remdesivir and chloroquine in combination with zinc ions can deactivate important enzymes needed for the replication of the *** clinical trials for some of these drugs have already started,it is common knowledge that lack of organization between countries,institutes and hospitals might slow down the whole process for an official treatment based in wide,randomized,placebo controlled trials.

关键词： Chloroquine Coronavirus COVID-19 Famotidine Ivermectin Nicotine Remdesivir SARS-Cov2

Grapevine Phenological Quantitative Trait SSR Genotyping Using High-Throughput HRM-PCR Analysis

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Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany 2020年第4期89卷 905-923页

作者： Murad Awad Photini V.Mylona alexios N.Polidoros Laboratory of Genetics and Plant Breeding Faculty of AgricultureForestry and Natural EnvironmentAristotle University of ThessalonikiThessaloniki54124Greece Institute of Plant Breeding&Genetic Resources HAO-DEMETERThermi57001Greece

Discrimination among grapevine varieties based on quantitative traits,such as flowering,veraison and ripening dates is crucial for variety selection in the context of climate change and in breeding *** traits are under complex genetic control for which 6 linked SSR loci(VVS2,VVIn16,VMC7G3,VrZAG29,VMC5G7,and VVIB23)have been *** these markers in HRM-PCR analysis,we assessed genetic diversity among a large collection of 192 grapevine *** grapevine germplasm used encompasses the majority of Greek vineyard with 181 varieties,3 prominent foreign varieties and 11 varieties of Palestinian *** SSR markers used were highly polymorphic,displaying unique melting curves for unusually higher number of samples than generally observed in SSR *** prompted us to examine sequence composition for selected samples and found that variation present as SNPs in the flanking sequences of SSR motifs was responsible for the observed ***,HRM-PCR proved to be a tool of higher analytical power to distinguish genotypes surpassing the discrimination power of conventional gel-based SSR *** study provides a better understanding of genetic variation of SSR marker loci associated to phenological traits in grapevine varieties,signifying an analytical methodology that may be of higher discrimination power in detection of polymorphism for utilization in breeding programs.

关键词： Vitis vinifera L phenological QTLs microsatellites genotyping High-resolution melting

Treatment of alopecia totalis/universalis/focalis with vitamin D and analogs:Three case reports and a literature review

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World Journal of Clinical Pediatrics 2021年第6期10卷 192-199页

作者： Dimitrios T Papadimitriou Christina Bothou Eleni Dermitzaki alexios Alexopoulos George Mastorakos Department of Pediatric-Adolescent Endocrinology and Diabetes Athens Medical CenterAthens 15125Greece Endocrine Unit Aretaieion University HospitalAthens 11528Greece Department of Endocrinology Diabetology and Clinical NutritionUniversity Hospital Zurich(USZ)University of Zurich(UZH)CH-8091 ZurichSwitzerland Special Unit of Dermatology First Department of PediatricsNational and Kapodistrian University of Athens Medical SchoolAgia Sofia Children's HospitalAthens 11527Greece

BACKGROUND Alopecia areata(AA)is an inflammatory disease with autoimmune,environmental,and inherited components directed at the hair follicle,either limited to patchy hair loss over the scalp(Focalis,AF),total loss of scalp hair(Totalis,AT),or total loss of both scalp and body hair(Universalis,AU).Despite multiple treatment modalities,no therapy *** D deficiency in patients with AA/AT/AF influences disease severity and duration,inversely correlating with inflammation *** SUMMARY Three girls presented with AT(P1),AU(P2),and AF(P3)at the ages of 1,5,and 5 years,*** P1-P2,all available treatments implemented for 2 years had *** started an initial 6-mo repletion with oral cholecalciferol 2000/4000 IU/d,with no apparent *** we attempted immunomodulation using oral calcitriol and its analog *** calcitriol,0.5 mcg/d P1 regrew hair within 6 *** 4 years,a relapse with loss of eyebrow hair was resolved after doubling the calcitriol dose to 0.5 mcg×2/d;the results have been maintained for 6 years to *** calcitriol,0.25 mcg×3/d P2 led to the development of asymptomatic hypercalcemia-hypercalciuria,which was immediately resolved by switching to paricalcitol 2 mcg×3/d;mild tolerable hypercalciuria was *** regrowth was observed at 6 mo,stabilizing only as fur at 12 *** in P3 was resolved completely within 3 mo on a daily high dose(8000 IU)of *** Vitamin D may have immunomodulating therapeutic impact on AT/AU/AF,which needs to be explored with further pilot clinical trials.

关键词： Alopecia totalis Alopecia universalis Alopecia focalis Calcitriol Paricalcitol Vitamin D Case report

Spatially resolved transcriptomics: a comprehensive review of their technological advances, applications, and challenges

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Journal of Genetics and Genomics 2023年第9期50卷 625-640页

作者： Mengnan Cheng Yujia Jiang Jiangshan Xu alexios-Fotios AMentis Shuai Wang Huiwen Zheng Sunil Kumar Sahu Longqi Liu Xun Xu BGI-Hangzhou HangzhouZhejiang 310012China BGI-Shenzhen ShenzhenGuangdong 518103China College of Life Sciences University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Genomics BGI-ShenzhenShenzhenGuangdong 518083China Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Genome Read and Write ShenzhenGuangdong 518120China

The ability to explore life kingdoms is largely driven by innovations and breakthroughs in technology,from the invention of the microscope 350 years ago to the recent emergence of single-cell sequencing,by which the scientific community has been able to visualize life at an unprecedented *** recently,the Spatially Resolved Transcriptomics(SRT)technologies have filled the gap in probing the spatial or even three-dimensional organization of the molecular foundation behind the molecular mysteries of life,including the origin of different cellular populations developed from totipotent cells and human *** this review,we introduce recent progresses and challenges on SRT from the perspectives of technologies and bioinformatic tools,as well as the representative SRT *** the currently fast-moving progress of the SRT technologies and promising results from early adopted research projects,we can foresee the bright future of such new tools in understanding life at the most profound analytical level.

关键词： Spatially resolved transcriptomics Bioinformatic tools Spatial single-cell Cell communications Tissue dissection Three-dimensional organ

Detection of Angioectasias and Haemorrhages Incorporated into a Multi-Class Classification Tool for the GI Tract Anomalies by Using Binary CNNs

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Journal of Biomedical Science and Engineering 2021年第12期14卷 402-414页

作者： Christos Barbagiannis alexios Polydorou Michail Zervakis Andreas Polydorou Eleftheria Sergaki School of Electrical and Computer Engineering (ECE) School Technical University of Crete Chania Greece Department of Surgery School of Medicine National and Kapodistrian University of Athens Athens Greece

The proposed deep learning algorithm will be integrated as a binary classifier under the umbrella of a multi-class classification tool to facilitate the automated detection of non-healthy deformities, anatomical landmarks, pathological findings, other anomalies and normal cases, by examining medical endoscopic images of GI tract. Each binary classifier is trained to detect one specific non-healthy condition. The algorithm analyzed in the present work expands the ability of detection of this tool by classifying GI tract image snapshots into two classes, depicting haemorrhage and non-haemorrhage state. The proposed algorithm is the result of the collaboration between interdisciplinary specialists on AI and Data Analysis, Computer Vision, Gastroenterologists of four University Gastroenterology Departments of Greek Medical Schools. The data used are 195 videos (177 from non-healthy cases and 18 from healthy cases) videos captured from the PillCam(R) Medronics device, originated from 195 patients, all diagnosed with different forms of angioectasia, haemorrhages and other diseases from different sites of the gastrointestinal (GI), mainly including difficult cases of diagnosis. Our AI algorithm is based on convolutional neural network (CNN) trained on annotated images at image level, using a semantic tag indicating whether the image contains angioectasia and haemorrhage traces or not. At least 22 CNN architectures were created and evaluated some of which pre-trained applying transfer learning on ImageNet data. All the CNN variations were introduced, trained to a prevalence dataset of 50%, and evaluated of unseen data. On test data, the best results were obtained from our CNN architectures which do not utilize backbone of transfer learning. Across a balanced dataset from no-healthy images and healthy images from 39 videos from different patients, identified correct diagnosis with sensitivity 90%, specificity 92%, precision 91.8%, FPR 8%, FNR 10%. Besides, we comp

关键词： Capsule Endoscopy (CE) Small Bowel Bleeding (SBB) Angioectasia Haemorrhage Gatrointestinal (GI) Small Bowel Capsule Endoscopy (SBCE) Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) Computer Aided Diagnosis (CAD) Image Level Annotation Pixel Level Annotation Binary Classification

Vlammals and habitat disturbance： the case 3f brown hare and wildfire

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Current Zoology 2016年第5期62卷 421-430页

作者： Christos Sokos Periklis BIRTSAS Konstantinos G. PAPASPYROPOULOS Efstathios TSACHALIDIS alexios GIANNAKOPOULOS Chrysostomos MILLS Vassiliki SPYROU Katerina MANOLAKOU George VALIAKOS Christos IAKOVAKIS Labrini V. ATHANASIOU Athanasios SFOUGARIS Charalambos BILLINIS Laboratory of Microbiology and Parasitology Faculty of Veterinary Medicine University of Thessaly 43100 Karditsa Hellas Greece Institute for Research and Technology Thessaly Larissa Hellas Greece Research Division Hunting Federation of Macedonia and Thrace Ethnikis Antistasis 173-175 55134 Thessaloniki Hellas Greece Laboratory of Wildlife Department of Forestry and Management of Natural Environment Technological Institute of Thessaly Karditsa Hellas Greece Laboratory of Hunting Management Department of Forestry and Environmental Management Democritus University of Thrace Orestiada Hellas Greece Ministry of Rural Development and Foods Feed Stuff Control Laboratory of Thessaloniki Thermi Thessaloniki Hellas Greece Department of Animal Husbandry and Nutrition Faculty of Veterinary Medicine University of Thessaly Karditsa Hellas Greece Department of Animal Production Technological Institute of Thessaly Larissa Hellas Greece Department of Medicine Faculty of Veterinary Medicine University of Thessaly Karditsa Hellas Greece Laboratory of Ecosystem and Biodiversity Management Faculty of Agriculture Crop Production and Rural Environment University of Thessaly Volos Hellas Greece

Ecosystem disturbances, such as wildfires, are driving forces that determine ecology and conservation measures. Species respond differentially to wildfires, having diverse post-fire population evolution. This study reports, for first time, the responses of brown hare （Lepus europaeus Pallas, 1778） to wildfires. Hare relative abundance, age ratio, diet quality, body condition, and diseases were studied. Fire influence on vegetation was calculated at a micro-scale level. Hare abundance was lower the first year after wildfires in burned relative to unburned areas. The reverse was found in the second year when hare abundance was higher in burned areas. Hare abundance in burned areas was also higher in the third and fourth years. In the fifth and sixth years after wildfire no significant difference was found in abundance. At a micro-scale level, higher numbers of hare feces were counted in places with greater wildfire influence on vegetation. Age ratio analysis revealed more juveniles in burned areas, but the same number of neonates in burned and unburned areas, indicating lower mortality of juveniles in burned areas. Reduced predation in burned areas pro- vides the most plausible explanation for our findings.

关键词： diet forest fire lagomorphs predation vegetation.

Improving CAD Hemorrhage Detection in Capsule Endoscopy

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Journal of Biomedical Science and Engineering 2021年第3期14卷 103-118页

作者： Polydorou alexios Sergaki Eleftheria Polydorou Andreas Barbagiannis Christos Vardiambasis Ioannis George Giakos Zervakis Michail School of Electrical and Computer Engineering Technical University of Crete Chania Greece Department of Surgery School of Medicine National and Kapodistrian University of Athens Athens Greece Department of Electronic Engineering Faculty of Engineering Hellenic Mediterranean University Chania Crete Greece School of ECE Manhattan College New York USA

This study explores an automated framework to assist the recognition of hemorrhage traces and bleeding lesions in video streams of small bowel capsule endoscopy (SBCE). The proposed methodology aims to achieve fast image control (<10 minutes), save valuable time of the physicians, and enable high performance diagnosis. A specialized elimination algorithm excludes all identical consecutive frames by utilizing the difference of gray levels in pixel luminance. An image filtering algorithm is proposed based on an experimentally calculated bleeding index and blood-color chart, which inspects all remaining frames of the footage and identifies pixels that reflect active or potential hemorrhage in color. The bleeding index and blood-color chart are estimated of the chromatic thresholds in RGB and HSV color spaces, and have been extracted after experimenting with more than 3200 training images, derived from 99 videos of a pool of 138 patients. The dataset has been provided by a team of expert gastroenterologist surgeons, who have also evaluated the results. The proposed algorithms are tested on a set of more than 1000 selected frame samples from the entire 39 testing videos, to a prevalence of 50% pathologic frames (balanced dataset). The frame elimination of identical and consecutive frames achieved a reduction of 36% of total frames. The best statistical performance for diagnosis of positive pathological frames from a video stream is achieved by utilizing masks in the HSV color model, with sensitivity up to 99%, precision 94.41% to a prevalence of 50%, accuracy up to 96.1%, FNR 1%, FPR 6.8%. The estimated blood-color chart will be clinically validated and used in feature extraction schemes supporting machine learning ML algorithms to improve the localization potential.

关键词： Capsule Endoscopy Small Bowel Bleeding Detection Computer Aided Diagnosis (CAD) Color Models Color Feature

Comparison of cosmetic outcomes between remote-access and conventional thyroidectomy:A review of the current literature

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World Journal of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery 2023年第1期9卷 1-8页

作者： Anna Kasouli Eleftherios Spartalis alexios Giannakodimos Gerasimos Tsourouflis Dimitrios Dimitroulis Nikolaos I.Nikiteas Hellenic Minimally Invasive and Robotic Surgery(MIRS)Study Group Medical School AthensNational and Kapodistrian University of AthensAthensGreece 2nd Department of Propaedeutic Surgery Medical SchoolNational and Kapodistrian University of AthensAthensGreece

Objective:The pursuit of an esthetically pleasing scar following open thyroid surgery has led to the development of endoscopic thyroidectomy through remote incisions placed in several locations outside the *** objective of this study is to review the recent literature and compare the incision site appearance and patient satisfaction with the cosmetic outcome after extracervical and conventional ***:The English literature published since 2010 was searched through the PubMed/Medline database for studies comparing the cosmetic outcomes between remote-access endoscopic and conventional thyroidectomy using a form of scar assessment ***:A total of 9 relevant papers fulfilled the eligibility criteria including 1486 *** them,595 patients underwent endoscopic thyroidectomy through several remote-access approaches and 891 patients were assigned to the conventional *** one randomized-controlled trial was identified,whereas among the rest,four were prospective and four were retrospective nonrandomized *** the extracervical modifications performed in the endoscopic groups,the axillary approach was performed in three studies and the breast approach in four studies,while the retroauricular facelift technique and the transoral vestibular method were applied in one study,***:Evaluation of the wound appearance and patient satisfaction with the cosmetic outcome at various time points during the follow-up highlighted the superiority of the extracervical approaches over the conventional *** these findings,remote-access techniques could possibly be the ideal surgical method for patients with high esthetic requirements,providing an excellent appearance of the thoroughly exposed neck.

关键词： esthetic cosmesis cosmetic cosmetic results incision scar thyroidectomy

Network meta-analyses: Methodological prerequisites and clinical usefulness

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World Journal of Methodology 2022年第3期12卷 92-98页

作者： Savvas Ilias Christofilos Konstantinos Tsikopoulos alexios Tsikopoulos Dimitrios Kitridis Konstantinos Sidiropoulos Panagiotis Nikolaos Stoikos Venu Kavarthapu Department of Genetics Evolutionand EnvironmentUniversity College LondonLondon WC1E 6BTUnited Kingdom Department of Pharmacology School of MedicineFaculty of Health Sciences Aristotle University of ThessalonikiThessaloniki 54124Greece Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery AHEPA University General HospitalAristotle University of ThessalonikiThessaloniki 57010Greece Department of Orthopaedics Aristotle University of ThessalonikiSchool of MedicineGeorge Papanikolaou Hospital ThessalonikiThessaloniki 57010Greece Department of Orthopedics General Hospital of SerresSerres 62100Greece Department of Medicine University of ThessalyLarissa 41500Greece Department of Trauma and Orthopaedics King’s College Hospital NHS Foundation TrustLondon SE59RSUnited Kingdom

It is an undeniable fact that systematic reviews play a crucial role in informing clinical practice;however,conventional head-to-head meta-analyses do have *** particular,studies can only be compared in a pair-wise fashion,and conclusions can only be drawn in the light of direct *** contrast,network meta-analyses can not only compare multiple interventions but also utilize indirect evidence which increases their *** top of that,they can also rank competing *** this mini-review,we have aimed to elaborate on the principles and techniques governing network meta-analyses to achieve a methodologically sound synthesis,thus enabling safe conclusions to be drawn in clinical *** have emphasized the prerequisites of a well-conducted Network Meta-Analysis(NMA),the value of selecting appropriate outcomes according to guidelines for transparent reporting,and the clarity achieved via sophisticated graphical *** is more,we have addressed the importance of incorporating the level of evidence into the results and interpreting the findings according to validated appraisal systems(i.e.,the Grade of Recommendations,Assessment,Development,and Evaluation system-GRADE).Lastly,we have addressed the possibility of planning future research via ***,we can conclude that NMAs could be of great value to clinical practice.

关键词： Network meta-analysis Quality of evidence Evidence-based medicine Systematic reviews