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Circle of life:the common hamster(Cricetus cricetus)adaptations to the urban environment

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Integrative Zoology 2019年第4期14卷 383-395页

作者： alexey v.SUROv Elena A.ZAYTSEvA Alexandr v.KUPTSOv Elena A.KATZMAN Pavel L.BOGOMOLOv Alexandra S.SAYAN Ekaterina v.POTASHNIKOvA Nikolay N.TOvPINETZ Ekaterina v.KUZNETSOvA alexey Y.TSELLARIUS Natalia Y.FEOKTISTOvA Severtsov Institute of Ecology and Evolution Russian Academy of SciencesMoscowRussia Centre of Hygiene and Epidemiology in Crimea and in the Municipal City Sevastopol SimferopolRussia

Traditionally,urbanization has been seen as a negative phenomenon for ***,changes in the environmental parameters induced by urbanization might be favorable for some *** the past half-century,the common hamster has actively populated cities,establishing populations in some European,Russian and Kazakhstan *** on integrative methods,we investigated free-range common hamsters inhabiting Simferopol from 2015 to 2018 to reveal possible adaptations to the urbanized environment across several parameters,including lifespan,hibernation period,reproductive activity and body *** show that in urban areas,the common hamster demonstrates an extremely short hibernation period compared to other localities,possibly due to enhanced food resources from urban forestry(walnuts,locus and hazelnut),allowing the species to start breeding very early(February)and finish as late as *** present the first evidence of polyandry for this species:mating of receptive females with several males and subsequent confirmation of multiple *** high reproductive potential,the lifespan of the common hamster in urban conditions is generally very short(less than 1 year).We speculate that in the process of synurbization,the common hamster’s innate plasticity across many life history traits permits it to successfully colonize throughout a wide range of habitats,with the ability to form novel adaptations to urban environments.

关键词： body mass hibernation lifespan multiple paternity synurbization

Experimental and ab initio study of Ba_(2)Na_(3)(B_(3)O_(6))_(2)F stability in the pressure range of 0–10 GPa

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International Journal of Minerals,Metallurgy and Materials 2023年第9期30卷 1846-1854页

作者： Nursultan E.Sagatov Tatyana B.Bekker Yulia G.vinogradova alexey v.Davydov Ivan v.Podborodnikov Konstantin D.Litasov Sobolev Institute of Geology and Mineralogy Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of SciencesNovosibirsk 630090Russia Department of Geology and Geophysics Novosibirsk State UniversityNovosibirsk 630090Russia Research and Development Department Novosibirsk State University of ArchitectureDesign and Arts(NSUADA)Novosibirsk 630099Russia vereshchagin Institute for High Pressure Physics Russian Academy of SciencesTroitsk 108840Russia Fersman Mineralogical Museum Russian Academy of SciencesMoscow 119071Russia

Both numerical and experimental studies of the stability and electronic properties of barium–sodium metaborate Ba_(2)Na_(3)(B_(3)O_(6))_(2)F(P63/m) at pressures up to 10 GPa have been carried out. Electronic-structure calculations with HSE06 hybrid functional showed that Ba_(2)Na_(3)(B_(3)O_(6))_(2)F has an indirect band gap of 6.289 ev. A numerical study revealed the decomposition of Ba_(2)Na_(3)(B_(3)O_(6))_(2)F into the BaB_(2)O_(4),Na BO_(2), and NaF phases above 3.4 GPa at 300 K. Subsequent high-pressure high-temperature experiments performed using ‘Discoverer-1500’DIA-type apparatus at pressures of 3 and 6 GPa and temperature of 1173 K confirmed the stability of Ba_(2)Na_(3)(B_(3)O_(6))_(2)F at 3 GPa and its decomposition into BaB_(2)O_(4), NaBO_(2), and NaF at 6 GPa, which was verified by energy-dispersive X-ray analysis and Raman spectroscopy. The observed Raman bands of the Ba_(2)Na_(3)(B_(3)O_(6))_(2)F phase were assigned by comparing the experimental and calculated spectra. The experimental Raman spectra of decomposition reaction products obtained at 6 GPa suggest the origin of a new high-pressure modification of barium metaborate BaB_(2)O_(4).

关键词： density functional theory phase stability borate high pressure Raman spectroscopy

Atmospheric and Coupled Model Intercomparison in Terms of Amplitude—Phase Characteristics of Surface Air Temperature Annual Cycle

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Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 2004年第6期21卷 837-847页

作者： alexey v. ELISEEv Igor I. MOKHOv Konstantin G. RUBINSTEIN Maria S. GUSEvA A. M. Obukhov Institute of Atmospheric Physics RAS 3 Pyzhevsky 119017 Moscow RussiaA. M. Obukhov Institute of Atmospheric Physics RAS 3 Pyzhevsky 119017 Moscow RussiaRussian Hydrometcentre 9 Bol. Predtechensky 123242 Moscow RussiaRussian Hydrometcentre 9 Bol. Predtechensky 123242 Moscow Russia

A model intercomparison in terms of surface air temperature annual cycle amplitude-phase characteristics (SAT AC APC) is performed. The models included in the intercomparison belong to two groups: five atmospheric models with prescribed sea surface temperature and sea ice cover and four coupled models forced by the atmospheric abundances of anthropogenic constituents (in total six coupled model simulations). Over land, the models, simulating higher than observed time averaged SAT, also tend to simulate smaller than observed amplitude of its annual and semiannual harmonics and (outside the Tropics) later-than-observed spring and autumn moments. The models with larger (smaller) time averaged amplitudes of annual and semiannual harmonics also tend to simulate larger (smaller) interannual standard deviations. Over the oceans, the coupled models with larger interannual standard deviations of annual mean SAT tend to simulate larger interannual standard deviations of both annual and semiannual SAT harmonics amplitudes. Most model errors are located in the belts 60°–70°N and 60°–70°S and over Antarctica. These errors are larger for those coupled models which do not employ dynamical modules for sea ice. No systematic differences are found in the simulated time averaged fields of the surface air temperature annual cycle characteristics for atmospheric models on one hand and for the coupled models on the other. But the coupled models generally simulate interannual variability of SAT AC APC better than the atmospheric models (which tend to underestimate it). For the coupled models, the results are not very sensitive to the choice of the particular scenario of anthropogenic forcing. There is a strong linear positive relationship between the model simulated time averaged semiannual SAT harmonics amplitude and interannual standard deviation of annual mean SAT. It is stronger over the tropical oceans and is weaker in the extratropics. In the tropical oceanic areas, it is stronger f

关键词： annual cycle reanalysis data climate model intercomparison

The evolution of eccentricity in the eclipsing binary system AS Camelopardalis

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Research in Astronomy and Astrophysics 2018年第1期18卷 113-118页

作者： valentina Kozyreva Anatoly Kusakin alexey Bogomazov M.v.Lomonosov Moscow State University P.K.Sternberg Astronomical Institute National Space Agency Fesenkov Astrophysical Institute

In 2002,2004 and 2017 we conducted high precision CCD photometry observations of the eclipsing binary system AS *** analysis of the light curves from 1967 to 2017（our data ＋ data from the literature） we obtained photometric elements of the system and found a change in the system＇s orbital eccentricity of ？e = 0.03 ± *** change can indicate that there is a third companion in the system in a highly inclined orbit with respect to the orbital plane of the central binary,and its gravitational influence may cause the discrepancy between observed and theoretical apsidal motion rates of AS Cam.

关键词： binaries:close binaries:eclipsing stars:individual(AS Cam)

Astrocytes in human central nervous system diseases: a frontier for new therapies

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Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy 2023年第11期8卷 5233-5269页

作者： Alexei verkhratsky Arthur Butt Baoman Li Peter Illes Robert Zorec alexey Semyanov Yong Tang Michael v.Sofroniew International Joint Research Centre on Purinergic Signalling/School of Health and Rehabilitation Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese MedicineChengduChina Department of Forensic Analytical Toxicology School of Forensic MedicineChina Medical UniversityShenyangChina Faculty of Biology Medicine and HealthThe University of ManchesterManchesterUK Achucarro Centre for Neuroscience IKERBASQUEBasque Foundation for ScienceBilbaoSpain Department of Stem Cell Biology State Research Institute Centre for Innovative MedicineLT-01102VilniusLithuania Institute of Biomedical and Biomolecular Sciences School of Pharmacy and Biomedical SciencesUniversity of PortsmouthPortsmouthUK Rudolf Boehm Institute for Pharmacology and Toxicology University of Leipzig04109LeipzigGermany Celica Biomedical Lab Cell EngineeringTechnology Park1000LjubljanaSlovenia Laboratory of Neuroendocrinology—Molecular Cell Physiology Institute of PathophysiologyUniversity of LjubljanaFaculty of MedicineLjubljanaSlovenia Department of Physiology Jiaxing University College of Medicine314033JiaxingChina Key Laboratory of Acupuncture for Senile Disease(Chengdu University of TCM) Ministry of Education/Acupuncture and Chronobiology Key Laboratory of Sichuan ProvinceChengduChina Department of Neurobiology David Geffen School of MedicineUniversity of CaliforniaLos AngelesCAUSA

Astroglia are a broad class of neural parenchymal cells primarily dedicated to homoeostasis and defence of the central nervous system(CNS).Astroglia contribute to the pathophysiology of all neurological and neuropsychiatric disorders in ways that can be either beneficial or detrimental to disorder *** changes in astroglia can be primary or secondary and can result in gain or loss of *** respond to external,non-cell autonomous signals associated with any form of CNS pathology by undergoing complex and variable changes in their structure,molecular expression,and *** addition,internally driven,cell autonomous changes of astroglial innate properties can lead to CNS *** pathophysiology is complex,with different pathophysiological cell states and cell phenotypes that are context-specific and vary with disorder,disorder-stage,comorbidities,age,and ***,we classify astroglial pathophysiology into(i)reactive astrogliosis,(ii)astroglial atrophy with loss of function,(iii)astroglial degeneration and death,and(iv)astrocytopathies characterised by aberrant forms that drive *** review astroglial pathophysiology across the spectrum of human CNS diseases and disorders,including neurotrauma,stroke,neuroinfection,autoimmune attack and epilepsy,as well as neurodevelopmental,neurodegenerative,metabolic and neuropsychiatric *** cellular and molecular mechanisms of astroglial pathophysiology represents a new frontier to identify novel therapeutic strategies.

关键词： diseases epilepsy degeneration

High-temperature dynamic behavior in bulk liquid water： A molecular dynamics simulation study using the OPC and TIP4P-Ew potentials

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Frontiers of physics 2018年第1期13卷 25-39页

作者： Andrea Gabrieli Marco Sant Saeed Izadi Parviz Seifpanahi Shabane alexey v. Onufriev Giuseppe B. Suffritti Dipartimento di Chimica e Farmacia Universita degli Studi di Sassari Via Vienna 2 07100 Sassari Italy Department of Biomedical Engineering and Mechanics Virginia Tech Blacksburgl VA 24060 USA Department of Physics Virginia Tech Blacksburg VA 24060 USA Departments of Computer Science and Physics Virginia Tech Blacksburg VA 24060 USA Consorzio Interuniversitario Nazionale per la Scienza e Tecnologia dei Materiali (INSTM) Unita di ricerca di Sassari Via Vienna 2 07100 Sassari Italy

Classical molecular dynamics simulations were performed to study the high-temperature （above 300 K） dynamic behavior of bulk water, specifically the behavior of the diffusion coefficient, hydrogen bond, and nearest-neighbor lifetimes. Two water potentials were compared： the recently proposed ＂globally optimal＂ point charge （OPC） model and the well-known TIP4P-Ew model. By considering the Arrhenius plots of the computed inverse diffusion coefficient and rotational relaxation constants, a crossover from vogel-Fulcher-Tammann behavior to a linear trend with increasing temperature was detected at T＊ ≈ 309 and T＊ ≈ 285 K for the OPC and TIP4P-Ew models, respectively. Experimen- tally, the crossover point was previously observed at T＊ ≈ 315 ±5 K. We also verified that for the coefficient of thermal expansion αp（T, P）, the isobaric αp（T） curves cross at about the same T＊ as in the experiment. The lifetimes of water hydrogen bonds and of the nearest neighbors were evaluated and were found to cross near T＊, where the lifetimes are about 1 ps. For T 〈 T＊, hydrogen bonds persist longer than nearest neighbors, suggesting that the hydrogen bonding network dominates the water structure at T 〈 T＊, whereas for T 〉 T＊, water behaves more like a simple liquid. The fact that T＊ falls within the biologically relevant temperature range is a strong motivation for further analysis of the phenomenon and its possible consequences for biomolecular systems.

关键词： dynamic crossover molecular dynamics bulk liquid water water models

Targeting of the AKT/m-TOR Pathway: Biomarkers of Resistance to Cancer Therapy——AKT/m-TOR Pathway and Resistance to Cancer Therapy

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中国肺癌杂志 2018年第1期21卷 63-66页

作者： Liudmila v SPIRINA Irina v KONDAKOvA Natalia v TARASENKO Elena M SLONIMSKAYA Evgeny A USYNIN alexey K GORBUNOv Zahar A YURMAZOv Svetlana Yu CHIGEvSKAYA Research Institute Tomsk National Research Medical Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences Russia

Resistance to cancer therapy continues to be a major limitation for the successful treatment of cancer. There are many published studies on therapy resistance in breast and prostate cancers; however, there are currently no data on molecular markers associated with resistance. The conflicting data were reported regarding the AKT/m-TOR signaling pathway components as markers predicting resistance. The AKT/m-TOR signaling pathway is involved in the development of many human cancers; its activation is related to cell proliferation, angiogenesis, apoptosis, as well as to therapy resistance. Molecular alterations in the AKT/m-TOR signaling pathway provide a platform to identify universal markers associated with the development of resistance to cancer therapy.

关键词： of

Geomorphological processes and landforms of glacier forelands in the upper Aktru River basin(Gornyi Altai), Russia: evidence for rapid recent retreat and paraglacial adjustment

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Journal of Mountain Science 2020年第4期17卷 824-837页

作者： David W.HEDDING Aleksander A.EROFEEv Christel D.HANSEN alexey v.KHON Zamir R.ABBASOv Department of Geography University of South AfricaJohannesburg 1710South Africa Department of Geography Tomsk State UniversityTomsk 637028Russia Department of Geography Geoinformatics and MeteorologyUniversity of PretoriaPretoria 0002South Africa Institute of Monitoring of Climatic and Ecological Systems(IMCES) Tomsk State UniversityTomsk 637028Russia

The glaciers in the Aktru River basin of Gornyi Altai, Russia currently represent some of the fastest receding glaciers in the world. Formation of the morainic complexes closest to the contemporary glaciers in the Aktru River basin took place during the 17^th-18^th centuries with recession commencing at the end of the 18 th century. Coupled with this glacial retreat, earth surface processes and vegetation succession are responding to shape the glacier forelands. This article presents the first geomorphological maps for the upper reaches of the Aktru River basin and focuses on the geomorphological landforms that occur in the rapidly changing glacier forelands. Geomorphological mapping is difficult in steep mountainous regions and, thus, mapping was completed using satellite imagery, field mapping and observations coupled with highresolution aerial photography obtained from Unmanned Aerial vehicles(UAvs). Critical steps of the procedure used to process UAv imagery and difficulties encountered in this mountainous terrain are noted. The acquired spatial data enable the mapping and classification of small-scale transient geomorphological features such as talus, glacial and glaciofluvial landforms. Their dynamics provide insights into supraglacial and subglacial processes of the glaciers of the Aktru River basin and subsequent paraglacial adjustment. The presented highresolution spatial data, which can also be obtained at high temporal resolutions in the future, can act as a reference frame for geomorphologists and ecologists studying the temporal evolution of glacier forelands of the Aktru River basin during paraglacial adjustment and subsequent colonisation and stabilisation by biota.

关键词： Geomorphology Glacier Forelands Unmanned Aerial vehicle Aktru Altai Russia

Forces of RBC interaction with single endothelial cells in stationary conditions:Measurements with laser tweezers

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Journal of Innovative Optical Health Sciences 2021年第5期4卷 53-63页

作者： Arseniy A.Kapkov alexey N.Semenov Petr B.Ermolinskiy Andrei E.Lugovtsov Alexander v.Priezzhev Faculty of Physics Lomonosov Moscow State UniversityLeninskie GoryMoscow 119991Russia Faculty of Biology Lomonosov Moscow State UniversityLeninskie GoryMoscow 119991Russia

Red blood cells(RBCs)are able to interact and communicate with endothelial cells(ECs).Under some pathological or even normal conditions,the adhesion of RBCs to the endothelium can be ***,the mechanisms and many aspects of the interaction between RBCs and ECs are not fully *** this work,we considered the interaction of single RBCs with single ECs in vitro aiming to quantitatively determine the force of this interaction using laser *** were performed under different concentrations of proaggregant macromolecules and in the presence or absence of tumor necrosis factor(TNF-α)activating the *** have shown that the strength of interaction depends on the concentration of fibrinogen or dextran proaggregant macromolecules in the environment.A nonlinear increase in the force of cells interaction(from 0.4 pN to 21 pN)was observed along with an increase in the fibrinogen con-centration(from 3 mg/mL to 9 mg/mL)in blood plasma,as well as with the addition of dextran macromolecules(from 10 mg/mL to 60 mg/mL).Dextran with a higher molecular mass(500 kDa)enhances the adhesion of RBCs to ECs greater compared to the dextran with a lower molecular mass(70 kDa).With the preliminary activation of ECs with TNF-α,the force of interaction ***,the adhesion of echinocytes to EC compared to discocytes is significantly *** results may help to better understand the process of interaction between RBCs and ECs.

关键词： Endothelial cells red blood cells laser tweezers adhesion