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Mitogenomics clarifes the position of the Nearctic magpies (Pica hudsonia and Pica nuttalli) within the Holarctic magpie radiation

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Current Zoology 2024年第5期70卷 618-630页

作者： alexey P.kryukov Kirill A.kryukov Kathleen Collier Bohao Fang Scott V.Edwards Laboratory of Evolutionary Zoology and Genetics Federal Scientifc Center of the East Asia Terrestrial BiodiversityRussian Academy of SciencesVladivostok 690022Russia Center for Genome Informatics Bioinformation and DDBJ CenterNational Institute of Genetics1111 YataMishima 411-8540Japan University of Alaska Museum of the North University of AlaskaFairbanksAK 99775USA Department of Organismic and Evolutionary Biology and Museum of Comparative Zoology Harvard UniversityCambridgeMA 02138USA

Partial separation of a peripheral population may lead to its divergence and,potentially,speciation due to genetic drift followed by selection and geographic *** process may cause taxonomic uncertainty because reproductive isolation in allopatry cannot be verifed *** two Nearctic allopatric species of magpies(Aves,Corvidae:Pica)serve as a good example of these *** Black-billed magpie Pica hudsonia is widely distributed in North America,whereas the Yellow-billed Magpie Pica nuttalli is endemic to a restricted range in *** relationships with Palearctic species have been little *** obtained complete mitochondrial genomes of both Nearctic magpie species,along with the Eurasian Magpie(Pica pica)and the Oriental Magpie(Pica serica),20 mitogenomes in *** analysis reveals a basal position of ***,and *** as a sister clade to the two Nearctic *** and *** form reciprocal monophyletic subclades,showing recent divergence between and within *** data show that the Nearctic magpie lineage diverged from the common ancestor with ***,with a single migration wave via the *** the Nearctic,we hypothesize a peripatric mode of speciation among Pica taxa due to the divergence and separation of the small marginal population in California below the Sierra-Nevada *** amino acid substitutions in ND4-ND5-ND6 genes along the branch leading to the New World clade may indicate selection for *** the clear phenotypic differences between *** and ***,our data,showing their reciprocal monophylies and genetic distinctness,is consistent with the two-species taxonomy.

关键词： Corvidae mitochondrial genome peripatric speciation reciprocal monophyly Sierra Nevada biogeographic barrier

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Theoretical and Engineering Approach to Human Power Ornithopter Design

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World Journal of Engineering and Technology 2016年第3期4卷 256-262页

作者： Ilya Zverkov alexey kryukov Georgiy Evtushok Khristianovich Institute of Theoretical and Applied Mechanics Novosibirsk Russia

The article considers the issues on preliminary calculation of human-powered ornithopter general performances. The model of “simple ornithopter” is introduced. Giving an example of simple ornithopter interaction with the environment, the formula of relation of ornithopter theoretically available propulsion to kinematic and physical parameters of its horizontal flight parameters is derived. The tasking is performed for the following stages of calculation and design of the human-powered ornithopter.

关键词： Human-Powered Ornithopter Simple Ornithopter Ornithopter Propulsion Wing Aerodynamics

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