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Sleep Deprivation Selectively Down-Regulates Astrocytic 5-HT2B Receptors and Triggers Depressive-Like Behaviors via Stimulating P2X7 Receptors in Mice

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Neuroscience Bulletin 2020年第11期36卷 1259-1270页

作者： Maosheng Xia Zexiong Li Shuai Li Shanshan Liang Xiaowei Li Beina Chen Manman Zhang Chengyi Dong alexei Verkhratsky Dawei Guan Baoman Li Practical Teaching Centre School of Forensic MedicineChina Medical UniversityShenyang 110122China Department of Orthopaedics The First HospitalChina Medical UniversityShenyang 110001China Faculty of Biology Medicine and HealthThe University of ManchesterManchester M139PLUK Department of Forensic Pathology School of Forensic MedicineChina Medical UniversityShenyang 110122China Department of Poison Analysis School of Forensic MedicineChina Medical UniversityShenyang 110122China

Chronic loss of sleep damages health and disturbs the quality of ***-lasting sleep deprivation(SD)as well as sleep abnormalities are substantial risk factors for major depressive disorder,although the underlying mechanisms are not ***,we showed that chronic SD in mice promotes a gradual elevation of extracellular ATP,which activates astroglial P2X7 receptors(P2X7Rs).Activated P2X7Rs,in turn,selectively down-regulated the expression of 5-HT2B receptors(5-HT2BRs)in *** of P2X7Rs induced by SD selectively suppressed the phosphorylation of AKT and FoxO3 a in astrocytes,but not in *** overexpression of FoxO3a in astrocytes inhibited the expression of ***-regulation of 5-HT2BsRs instigated by SD suppressed the activation of STAT3 and relieved the inhibition of Ca2+-dependent phospholipase *** latter cascade promoted the release of arachidonic acid and prostaglandin *** depression-like behaviors induced by SD were alleviated in P2X7R-KO *** study reveals the mechanism underlying chronic SD-induced depression-like behaviors and suggests 5-HT2BRs as a key target for exploring therapeutic strategies aimed at the depression evoked by sleep disorders.

关键词： Astrocyte Sleep deprivation P2X7 receptor 5-HT2B receptor FoxO3a

Spliceosomal genes in the *** genome:a comparison with those in ***,***,*** and ***

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Protein & Cell 2011年第5期2卷 395-409页

作者： Bing Yu Petra Fey Karen E.Kestin-Pilcher alexei Fedorov Ashwin Prakash Rex L.Chisholm Jane Y.Wu Department of Molecular and Clinical Genetics Royal Prince Alfred Hospital and Sydney Medical School(Central)the University of SydneyNSW 2006Australia dictyBase Center for Genetic MedicineNorthwestern UniversityChicagoIL 60611USA Department of Neurology and Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center Center for Genetic MedicineNorthwestern University Feinberg Medical SchoolChicagoIL 60611USA Department of Medicine and Program in Bioinformatics and Proteomics/Genomics The University of ToledoToledoOH 43614USA

Little is known about pre-mRNA splicing in Dictyostelium discoideum although its genome has been completely *** analysis suggests that pre-mRNA splicing plays an important role in *** gene expression as two thirds of its genes contain at least one *** curation of the genome to date has revealed 40 genes in *** with clear evidence of alternative splicing,supporting the existence of alternative splicing in this unicellular *** identified 160 candidate U2-type spliceosomal proteins and related factors in *** based on 264 known human genes involved in *** small ribonucleoproteins(snRNPs),PRP19 complex proteins and late-acting proteins are highly conserved in *** and throughout the *** non-snRNP and hnRNP families,*** orthologs are closer to those in ***,*** and *** than to their counterparts in *** splicing regulators,including SR proteins and CUGbinding proteins,were found in ***,but not in *** comprehensive catalog of spliceosomal proteins provides useful information for future studies of splicing in *** where the efficient genetic and biochemical manipulation will also further our general understanding of pre-mRNA splicing.

关键词： pre-mRNA splicing spliceosomal genes Dictyostelium discoideum comparative genomics splicing regulators

Diffuse discharges in SF_(6)and mixtures of SF_(6)with H_(2),formed by nanosecond voltage pulses in non-uniform electric field

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High Voltage 2018年第4期3卷 316-322页

作者： alexei N.Panchenko Victor F.Tarasenko Dmitry V.Beloplotov Nikolay A.Panchenko Mikhail I.Lomaev Institute of High Current Electronics Siberian Branch(SB)Russian Academy of Sciences(RAS)Tomsk 634055Russia Faculty of Innovative Technologies National Research Tomsk State UniversityTomsk 634050Russia Department of Photonics and Quantum Electronics National Research Tomsk Polytechnic UniversityTomsk 634050Russia Department of Physics Tomsk State University of Control Systems and RadioelectronicsTomsk 634050Russia

Results of experimental study of nanosecond diffuse discharge in SF_(6)and gas mixtures of SF_(6)with H_(2),D_(2)and C_(2)H_(6)are *** aim of this work is to study parameters of discharge between two extended electrodes with a small radius of curvature in SF_(6)and SF_(6)with *** was shown that diffuse discharge can be formed in SF_(6)at elevated pressure between blade electrodes with length of 30 *** was also confirmed that in a sharply non-uniform electric field a beam of runaway electrons is generated and that the gap breakdown occurs due to ionisation waves which begin on electrodes with small radius of *** action in the infrared spectral region was obtained in SF_(6)-H_(2)(D_(2),C_(2)H_(6))*** laser output up to 110 mJ was easily achieved which corresponds to ultimate intrinsic efficiency(with respect to deposited energy)of 10%.

关键词： breakdown uniform radius

Mid-infrared Ⅲ-Ⅴ semiconductor lasers epitaxially grown on Si substrates

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Light(Science & Applications) 2022年第7期11卷 1366-1378页

作者： Eric Tournié Laura Monge Bartolome Marta Rio Calvo Zeineb Loghmari Daniel A.Díaz-Thomas Roland Teissier alexei N.Baranov Laurent Cerutti Jean-Baptiste Rodriguez IES University of MontpellierCNRS34000 MontpellierFrance

There is currently much activity toward the integration of mid-infrared semiconductor lasers on Si substrates for developing a variety of smart,compact,sensors based on Si-photonics integrated *** review this rapidly-evolving research field,focusing on the epitaxial integration of antimonide lasers,the only technology covering the whole mid-to-far-infrared spectral *** explain how a dedicated molecular-beam epitaxy strategy allows for achieving high-performance GaSb-based diode lasers,InAs/AlSb quantum cascade lasers,and InAs/GaInSb interband cascade lasers by direct growth on on-axis(001)Si substrates,whereas GaAs-on-Si or GaSb-on-Si layers grown by metal-organic vapor phase epitaxy in large capability epitaxy tools are suitable templates for antimonide laser *** also show that etching the facets of antimonide lasers grown on Si is a viable approach in view of photonic integrated ***,this review shows that while diode lasers are sensitive to residual crystal defects,the quantum cascade and interband cascade lasers grown on Si exhibit performances comparable to those of similar devices grown on their native substrates,due to their particular band structures and radiative recombination *** device lifetimes have been extrapolated for interband cascade ***,routes to be further explored are also presented.

关键词： epitaxial quantum template

Comparison of diode laser continuous wave and in soft tissue surgery using pulsed modes in vitro

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Frontiers of Optoelectronics 2015年第2期8卷 212-219页

作者： Andrey V. BELIKOV alexei V. SKRYPNIK Ksenia V. SHATILOVA Saint-Petersburg National Research University of Information Technologies Mechanics and Optics (ITMO University) Saint-Petersburg 197101 Russia

In this study, the interaction between diode laser radiation and chicken soft tissue was studied in vitro by a high-speed digital video camera. We used a diode laser with a wavelength of （980 ±10）nm and average power of 10 W. The diode laser was operated in continuous wave （CW） and pulsed modes. In CW mode, the average laser radiation power was 10 W; in pulsed mode, the average laser radiation power was I0 W and the peak power was 20 W. Diode laser radiation was delivered to soft tissue （chicken meat） using a quartz optical fiber with either a clear distal end （clear tip） or a distal end containing an optothermal converter （hot tip）. Application of the diode laser in pulsed mode resulted in crater depths and areas of collateral damage in soft tissue about 1.6 times greater than those observed in CW mode at treatment with the clear tip. Significant differences in the crater depth and collateral damage width of chicken meat were not found after hot-tip treatment with the diode laser in CW and pulsed modes. Soft tissue treated with the hot tip showed crater depths about 3.4 times greater than those observed after treatment with the clear tip. Hot tip treatment further resulted in collateral damage widths about 2.7 times lower than those obtained after treatment with the clear tip.

关键词： diode laser thermo-optically powered sur-gery hot tip surgery laser surgery soft tissue

Pre-recorded instructional audio vs. dispatchers' conversational assistance in telephone cardiopulmonary resuscitation: A randomized controlled simulation study

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World Journal of Emergency Medicine 2018年第3期9卷 165-171页

作者： alexei Birkun Maksim Glotov Herman Franklin Ndjamen Esther Alaiyex Esther Alaiye Temidara Adeleke Sergey Samarin Department of Anaesthesiology Resuscitation and Emergency MedicineMedical Academy named after S.I.Georgievsky of V.I.Vernadsky Crimean Federal University

BACKGROUND:To assess the effectiveness of the telephone chest-compression-only cardiopulmonary resuscitation(CPR)guided by a pre-recorded instructional audio when compared with dispatcher-assisted ***:It was a prospective,blind,randomised controlled study involving 109 medical students without previous CPR *** a standardized mannequin scenario,after the step of dispatcher-assisted cardiac arrest recognition,the participants performed compression-only resuscitation guided over the telephone by either:(1)the pre-recorded instructional audio(n=57);or(2)verbal dispatcher assistance(n=52).The simulation video records were reviewed to assess the CPR performance using a 13-item *** interval from call reception to the first compression,total number and rate of compressions,total number and duration of pauses after the first compression were also ***:There were no significant differences between the recording-assisted and dispatcher-assisted groups based on the overall performance score(5.6±2.2 vs.5.1±1.9,P>0.05)or individual criteria of the CPR performance *** recording-assisted group demonstrated provided(170.2±48.0 vs.156.2±60.7).CONCLUSION:When provided by untrained persons in the simulated settings,the compression-only resuscitation guided by the pre-recorded instructional audio is no less efficient than dispatcher-assisted *** studies are warranted to further assess feasibility of using instructional audio aid as a potential alternative to dispatcher assistance.

关键词： Cardiopulmonary resuscitation Cardiac arrest Dispatcher Telephone CPR Audio instructions Instructional aid

From purines to purinergic signalling:molecular functions and human diseases

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Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy 2021年第5期6卷 1463-1482页

作者： Zhao Huang Na Xie Peter Illes Francesco Di Virgilio Henning Ulrich Alexey Semyanov alexei Verkhratsky Beata Sperlagh Shu-Guang Yu Canhua Huang Yong Tang State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center West China Hospitaland West China School of Basic Medical Sciences&Forensic MedicineSichuan Universityand Collaborative Innovation Center for BiotherapyChengduChina International Collaborative Centre on Big Science Plan for Purinergic Signalling Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese MedicineChengduChina Rudolf-Boehm-Institut für Pharmakologie und Toxikologie Universitaet LeipzigLeipzigGermany Department of Medical Sciences University of FerraraFerraraItaly Department of Biochemistry Institute of ChemistryUniversity of São PauloSão PauloBrazil Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry Russian Academy of SciencesMoscowRussia Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University MoscowRussia Faculty of Biology Medicine and HealthThe University of ManchesterManchesterUK Department of Pharmacology Institute of Experimental MedicineHungarian Academy of SciencesBudapestHungary Acupuncture and Chronobiology Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province ChengduChina School of Basic Medical Sciences Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese MedicineChengduChina

Purines and their derivatives,most notably adenosine and ATP,are the key molecules controlling intracellular energy homoeostasis and nucleotide ***,these purines support,as chemical messengers,purinergic transmission throughout tissues and *** act as endogenous ligands that bind to and activate plasmalemmal purinoceptors,which mediate extracellular communication referred to as“purinergic signalling”.Purinergic signalling is cross-linked with other transmitter networks to coordinate numerous aspects of cell behaviour such as proliferation,differentiation,migration,apoptosis and other physiological processes critical for the proper function of *** deregulation of purinergic signalling contributes to various diseases including neurodegeneration,rheumatic immune diseases,inflammation,and ***,gout is one of the most prevalent purine-related disease caused by purine metabolism disorder and consequent *** evidence indicates that purinoceptors are potential therapeutic targets,with specific purinergic agonists and antagonists demonstrating prominent therapeutic ***,dietary and herbal interventions help to restore and balance purine metabolism,thus addressing the importance of a healthy lifestyle in the prevention and relief of human *** understanding of molecular mechanisms of purinergic signalling provides new and exciting insights into the treatment of human diseases.

关键词： metabolism diseases urine

Surface brightens up Si quantum dots: direct bandgap-like size-tunable emission

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Light(Science & Applications) 2013年第1期2卷 242-247页

作者： Katerina Dohnalova Alexander N Poddubny alexei A Prokofiev Wieteke DAM de Boer Chinnaswamy P Umesh Jos MJ Paulusse Han Zuilhof Tom Gregorkiewicz Van der Waals-Zeeman Institute University of AmsterdamNL-1098 XH AmsterdamThe Netherlands Laboratory of Organic Chemistry Wageningen University6703 HB WageningenThe Netherlands Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering King Abdulaziz UniversityJeddahSaudi Arabia Ioffe Physical-Technical Institute RAS 26 Polytechnicheskaya194021 Saint-PetersburgRussia Current address:MIRA Institute Department of Biomedical ChemistryUniversity of TwenteBuilding Zuidhorst EnschedeThe Netherlands

Colloidal semiconductor quantum dots(QDs)constitute a perfect material for ink-jet printable large area displays,photovoltaics,light-emitting diode,bio-imaging luminescent markers and many other *** this purpose,efficient light emission/absorption and spectral tunability are necessary *** are currently fulfilled by the direct bandgap ***-QDs could offer the solution to major hurdles posed by these materials,namely,toxicity(e.g.,Cd-,Pb-or As-based QDs),scarcity(e.g.,QD with In,Se,Te)and/or *** we show that by combining quantum confinement with dedicated surface engineering,the biggest drawback of Si—the indirect bandgap nature—can be overcome,and a‘direct bandgap’variety of Si-QDs is *** demonstrate this transformation on chemically synthesized Si-QDs using state-of-the-art optical spectroscopy and theoretical *** carbon surface termination gives rise to drastic modification in electron and hole wavefunctions and radiative transitions between the lowest excited states of electron and hole attain‘direct bandgap-like’(phonon-less)*** results in efficient fast emission,tunable within the visible spectral range by QD *** findings are fully justified within a tight-binding theoretical *** the C surface termination is replaced by oxygen,the emission is converted into the well-known red luminescence,with microsecond decay and limited spectral *** that way,the‘direct bandgap’Si-QDs convert into the‘traditional’indirect bandgap form,thoroughly investigated in the past.

关键词： direct bandgap optical spectroscopy optoelectronics organic capping silicon quantum dots tight binding model

DIELECTRIC RELAXATION IN RELAXOR FERROELECTRICS

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Journal of Advanced Dielectrics 2012年第2期2卷 10-33页

作者： alexei A.BOKOV ZUO-GUANG YE Department of Chemistry and 4D LABS Simon Fraser University 8888 University Drive BurnabyBritish ColumbiaV5A 1S6Canada Electronic Materials Research Lab.Key Lab.of the Ministry of Education and International Center for Dielectric Research Xi'an Jiaotong University Xi'an 710049P.R.China

In this review the dielectric properties of relaxor ferroelectrics are discussed and compared withthe properties of normal dielectrics and ferroelectrics. We try to draw a general picture ofdielectric relaxation starting from a textbook review of the underlying concepts and pay attentionto common behavior of relaxors rather than to the features observed in specific materials. We hopethat this general approach is beneficial to those physicists, chemists, material scientists and deviceengineers who deal with relaxors. Based on the analysis of dielectric properties, a comprehensivedefinition of relaxors is proposed: relaxors are defined as ferroelectrics in which the maximum inthe temperature dependence of static susceptibility occurs within the temperature range ofdielectric relaxation, but does not coincide with the temperature of singularity of relaxation timeor soft mode frequency.

关键词： Relaxor ferroelectrics dielectric spectroscopy stretched exponential relaxation Vogel-Fulcher law