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Beyond wrecking a wall:revisiting the concept of blood–brain barrier breakdown in ischemic stroke

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Neural regeneration research 2025年第7期20卷 1944-1956页

作者： Julia Castillo-gonzález Elena gonzález-rey Institute of Parasitology and Biomedicine Lopez-Neyra(IPBLN) CSICPT SaludGranadaSpain

The blood–brain barrier constitutes a dynamic and interactive boundary separating the central nervous system and the peripheral *** tightly modulates the ion transport and nutrient influx,while restricting the entry of harmful factors,and selectively limiting the migration of immune cells,thereby maintaining brain *** the well-established association between blood–brain barrier disruption and most neurodegenerative/neuroinflammatory diseases,much remains unknown about the factors influencing its physiology and the mechanisms underlying its ***,the role of blood–brain barrier breakdown in the translational failure underlying therapies for brain disorders is just starting to be *** review aims to revisit this concept of“blood–brain barrier breakdown,”delving into the most controversial aspects,prevalent challenges,and knowledge gaps concerning the lack of blood–brain barrier *** moving beyond the oversimplistic dichotomy of an“open”/“bad”or a“closed”/“good”barrier,our objective is to provide a more comprehensive insight into blood–brain barrier dynamics,to identify novel targets and/or therapeutic approaches aimed at mitigating blood–brain barrier ***,in this review,we advocate for considering the diverse time-and location-dependent alterations in the blood–brain barrier,which go beyond tight-junction disruption or brain endothelial cell breakdown,illustrated through the dynamics of ischemic stroke as a case *** this exploration,we seek to underscore the complexity of blood–brain barrier dysfunction and its implications for the pathogenesis and therapy of brain diseases.

关键词： blood–brain barrier disruption drug delivery ischemic stroke neuroinflammation tight-junctions

Impacts of PI3K/protein kinase B pathway activation in reactive astrocytes: from detrimental effects to protective functions

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Neural regeneration research 2025年第4期20卷 1031-1041页

作者： ramón Pérez-Núñez María Fernanda gonzález Ana María Avalos Lisette Leyton Cellular Communication Laboratory Programa de Biología Celular y MolecularCenter for Studies on ExerciseMetabolism and Cancer(CEMC)Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas(ICBM)Facultad de MedicinaUniversidad de ChileSantiagoChile Advanced Center for Chronic Diseases(ACCDiS) Faculty of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences&Faculty of MedicineUniversidad de ChileSantiagoChile Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas Facultad de Ciencias de la SaludUniversidad Autónoma de ChileSantiagoChile

Astrocytes are the most abundant type of glial cell in the central nervous *** injury and inflammation,astrocytes become reactive and undergo morphological and functional *** on their phenotypic classification as A1 or A2,reactive astrocytes contribute to both neurotoxic and neuroprotective responses,***,this binary classification does not fully capture the diversity of astrocyte responses observed across different diseases and *** analysis has revealed that reactive astrocytes have a complex landscape of gene expression profiles,which emphasizes the heterogeneous nature of their *** actively participate in regulating central nervous system inflammation by interacting with microglia and other cell types,releasing cytokines,and influencing the immune *** phosphoinositide 3-kinase(PI3K)/protein kinase B(AKT)signaling pathway is a central player in astrocyte reactivity and impacts various aspects of astrocyte behavior,as evidenced by in silico,in vitro,and in vivo *** astrocytes,inflammatory cues trigger a cascade of molecular events,where nuclear factor-κB serves as a central mediator of the pro-inflammatory ***,we review the heterogeneity of reactive astrocytes and the molecular mechanisms underlying their *** highlight the involvement of various signaling pathways that regulate astrocyte reactivity,including the PI3K/AKT/mammalian target of rapamycin(mTOr),αvβ3 integrin/PI3K/AKT/connexin 43,and Notch/PI3K/AKT *** targeting the inactivation of the PI3K/AKT cellular signaling pathway to control reactive astrocytes and prevent central nervous system damage,evidence suggests that activating this pathway could also yield beneficial *** dual function of the PI3K/AKT pathway underscores its complexity in astrocyte reactivity and brain function *** review emphasizes the importance of employing astrocyte-exclusive models to underst

关键词： inflammation integrins neuroprotective neurotoxic phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase reactive astrocytes signal transduction Thy-1(CD90)

Enhancement of the CO_(2)adsorption and hydrogenation to CH_(4)capacity of ru–Na–Ca/γ–Al_(2)O_(3)dual function material by controlling the ru calcination atmosphere

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2024年第6期140卷 292-305页

作者： Alejandro Bermejo-López Beñat Pereda-Ayo Jon A.Onrubia-Calvo JoséA.gonzález-Marcos Juan r.gonzález-Velasco Department of Chemical Engineering Faculty of Science and TechnologyUniversidad del País Vasco UPV/EHUBarrio Sarrienas/n48940 LeioaBizkaiaSpain

Integrated CO_(2)capture and utilization(ICCU)technology requires dual functional materials(DFMs)to carry out the process in a single reaction *** influence of the calcination atmosphere on efficiency of 4%ru-8%Na_(2)CO_(3)-8%CaO/γ-Al_(2)O_(3)DFM is *** adsorbent precursors are first co-impregnated onto alumina and calcined in ***,ru precursor is impregnated and four aliquotes are subjected to different calcination protocols:static air in muffle or under different mixtures(10%H_(2)/N_(2),50%H_(2)/N_(2)and N_(2))*** are characterized by XrD,N_(2)adsorption-desorption,H_(2)chemisorption,TEM,XPS,H_(2)-TPD,H_(2)-TPr,CO_(2)-TPD and *** catalytic behavior is evaluated,in cycles of CO_(2)adsorption and hydrogenation to CH_(4),and temporal evolution of reactants and products concentrations is *** calcination atmosphere influences the physicochemical properties and,ultimately,activity of *** data and catalytic performance discover the acccomodation of ru nanoparticles disposition and basic sites is mostly influencing the catalytic *** calcined under N_(2)flow(ruNaCa-N_(2))shows the highest CH_(4)production(449μmol/g at 370℃),because a well-controlled decomposition of precursors which favors the better accomodation of adsorbent and ru phases,maximizing the specific surface area,the ru-basic sites interface and the participation of different basic sites in the CO_(2)methanation ***,the calcination in a N_(2)flow is revealed as the optimal calcination protocol to achieve highly efficient DFM for integrated CO_(2)adsorption and hydrogenation applications.

关键词： CO_(2)methanation Integrated CO_(2)capture and utilization(ICCU) Dual functional material(DFM) ru calcination atmosphere

Mushroom Production as an Alternative for rural Development in a Forested Mountainous Area

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Journal of Mountain Science 2014年第2期11卷 535-543页

作者： José *** José r.gonzález-OLABArrIA Juan MArTíNEZ DE ArAGóN Departament de Producció Vegetal i Ciència Forestal Universitat de Lleida-Agrotecnio Center (UdL-Agrotecnio).Av. Rovira Roure 191 E-25198 Lleida Spain Centre Tecnològic Forestal de Catalunya (CTFC-CEMFOr). Ctra. de St. Lloren? de Morunys km 2 E-25280 Solsona Spain

Wild mushrooms are recognized as important non-wood forest products in mountainous ecosystems, but their real potential for generating rural economies has not been fully evaluated due to the difficulties in obtaining reliable productivity data, minimizing their true potential as contributor to rural economies. Mushroom yield models based on large data series from Pinus forest ecosystems in the region of Catalonia(Spain), combined with data from the Spanish National Forest Inventory allow us to estimate the potential mushroom productivity by forest ecosystems. The results of 24,500 tons/yr of mushrooms of which 16,300 tons are classified as edible and 7,900 tons are commonly marketed demonstrate the importance of mushroom productions in Catalonian pine forests, mostly located in mountainous areas where the development of agricultural activities is limited. Economic mushroom value is estimated at 48 million € for the edible mushroom and 32 million € for those corresponding to marketable yields, confirming the potential of this non-wood forest product. These production results and corresponding economic values provide a basis for the incorporation of wild mushrooms as significant non-wood forest products in the development of forest policies in mountainous areas.

关键词： Non-wood forest products Mushroom models National Forest Inventory Economic value Mushroom potential estimation

Maschke Type Theorems for Weak Hopf Quasigroups

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Algebra Colloquium 2020年第2期27卷 213-230页

作者： J.N.Alonso Alvarez J.M.Fernández Vilaboa r.gonzález rodríguez Departamento de Matematicas Vniversidade de Vigo Campus Universitario Lagoas-MarcosendeE-36280 VigoSpain Departamento de Matematicas Universidade de Santiago de Compostela E-15771 Santiago de CompostelaSpain Departamento de Matematica Aplicada II Universidade de Vigo Campus Universitario Lagoas-MarcosendeE-36310 VigoSpain

In this paper we give necessary and sufficient conditions for a comodule magma over a weak Hopf quasigroup to have a total integral,thus extending the theories developed in the Hopf algebra,weak Hopf algebra and non-associative Hopf algebra *** this result we also deduce a version of Maschke’s theorems for right(H,B)-Hopf triples associated to a weak Hopf quasigroup H and a right H-comodule magma B.

关键词： (weak)Hopf algebra (weak)Hopf quasigroup integral Maschke theorem

Quantum Instability of Magnetized Stellar Objects

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Chinese Journal of Astronomy and Astrophysics 2005年第4期5卷 399-411页

作者： r.gonzález Felipe H.J.Mosquera Cuesta A.Pérez Martínez H.Pérez rojas Departamento de Física and Centro de Física Teórica de Partículas Instituto Superior TécnicoAv.Rovisco Pais1049-001 LisboaPortugal Instituto de Cosmologia Relatividade e Astrofísica(ICRA-BR)Centre Brasileiro de Pesquisas FísicasRua Dr.Xavier Sigaud 150CEP 22290-180UreaRio de JaneiroRJBrazil Centro Latino-Americano de Física Avenida Wenceslau Braz 71CEP 22290-140 fundosBotafogoRio de JaneiroBrazil Instituto de Cibernética Matemática y FísicaCalle E No.30910400 La HabanaCuba

The equations of state for degenerate electron and neutron gases are studied in the presence of magnetic *** including quantum effects in the investigation of the structural properties of these systems,it is found that some hypermagnetized stars can be unstable according to the criterion of stability of *** magnetized white dwarfs should collapse producing a supernova type Ia,while superstrong magnetized neutron stars cannot stand their own magnetic field and must implode,too.A comparison of our results with a set of the available observational data of some compact stars is also presented,and the agreement between this theory and observations is verified.

关键词： dense matter-equation of state-instabilities-stars:magnetic fields-stars:neutron white dwarfs

Assessing Post-Storm Forest Dynamics in the Pyrenees Using High-resolution LIDAr Data and Aerial Photographs

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Journal of Mountain Science 2015年第4期12卷 841-853页

作者： ángela BLáZQUEZ-CASADO José r.gonzález-OLABArrIA Santiago MArTíN-ALCóN Ariadna JUST Mariló CABré Lluís COLL Forest Sciences Center of Catalonia (CTFC) Institut Cartogràfic i Geològic de Catalunya (ICGC)

We evaluated how historical storm events have shaped the current forest landscape in three Pyrenean subalpine forests(NE Spain).For this purpose we related forest damage estimations obtained from multi-temporal aerial photographic comparisons to the current forest typology generated from airborne Li DAr data, and we examined the role of past natural disturbance on the current spatial distribution of forest structural *** found six forest structural types in the landscape: early regeneration(T1 and T2), young even-aged stands(T3), uneven-aged stands(T4) and adult stands(T5and T6).All of the types were related to the timing and severity of past storms, with early-regeneration structures being found in areas markedly affected in recent times, and adult stands predominating in those areas that had suffered lowest damage levels within the study *** general, landscapes where high or medium levels of damage were recurrent also presented higher levels of spatial heterogeneity,whereas the opposite pattern was found in the less markedly affected landscape, characterized by thepresence of large regular *** results show the critical role that storm regimes in terms of timing and severity of past storms can play in shaping current forest structure and future dynamics in subalpine *** knowledge gained could be used to help define alternative forest management strategies oriented toward the enhancement of landscape heterogeneity as a measure to face future environmental uncertainty.

关键词： Storm regime Forest succession Forest structure Airborne Li DAr Spatial patterns Pyrenean Subalpine forests

Differences between delusional disorder and schizophrenia:A mini narrative review

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World Journal of Psychiatry 2022年第5期12卷 683-692页

作者： alexandre gonzález-rodríguez Mary V Seeman Department of Mental Health Mutua Terrassa University HospitalUniversity of BarcelonaBarcelona 08280Spain Department of Psychiatry University of TorontoToronto M5P 3L6OntarioCanada

Psychotic syndromes are divided into affective and non-affective *** among the non-affective forms,substantial differences *** aim of this relatively brief review is to synthesize what is known about the differences between two non-affective psychoses,schizophrenia and delusional disorder(DD),with respect to clinical,epidemiological,sociodemographic,and treatment response characteristics.A PubMed literature search revealed the following:in schizophrenia,hallucinations,negative symptoms and cognitive symptoms are *** are rare in *** to schizophrenia patients,individuals with DD maintain relatively good function,and their delusions are believable;many are beliefs that are widely held in the general *** are generally similar in these two forms of psychosis,with the exception that antidepressants are used more frequently in DD and,for acute treatment,effective antipsychotic doses are lower in DD than in *** is with the hope that the contrasts between these two conditions will aid in the provision of safe and effective treatment for both that this review has been conducted.

关键词： Non-affective psychosis Delusional disorder Schizophrenia Epidemiology Symptoms Treatment response

Impact of Shaft Stiffness on Inertial response of Fixed Speed Wind Turbines

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电力系统自动化 2012年第8期36卷 191-197页

作者： Francisco gonzlez-LONGATT Faculty of Engineering and Computing Coventry UniversityCoventry CV1 5FBUnited Kingdom

Future power system faces several challenges,one of them is the high penetration level of intermittent wind power generation,providing small or even no inertial response and being not contributing to the frequency *** effect of shaft stiffness on inertial response of fixed speed wind turbines is *** different drive-train models based on the multi-body system are *** small-signal analysis demonstrates no significant differences between models in terms of electro-mechanical eigen-values for increasing shaft *** natural resonance frequency of drive-train torsion modes shows slightly different values between damped and undamped models,but no significant differences are found in the number-mass ***-domain simulations show the changes in the active power contribution of a wind farm based on a fixed speed wind turbine during the system frequency *** changes in the kinetic energy during the dynamic process are calculated and their contribution to the inertia constant is small and *** largest contribution of the kinetic energy is provided at the beginning of the system frequency disturbance to reduce the rate of the frequency change,it is positive for the frequency stability.

关键词：风力发电机刚度模型惯性风力涡轮机频率稳定性轴定速传动系统