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New patterns of the tree beta diversity and its determinants in the largest savanna and wetland biomes of South America

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Plant Diversity 2023年第4期45卷 369-384页

作者： Karla J.P.Silva-Souza Maíra g.Pivato Vinícius C.Silva Ricardo F.Haidar alexandre F.Souza Departamento de Ecologia Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do NorteRNBrazil Curso de Engenharia Ambiental Universidade Federal do TocantinsTOBrazil

Clear and data-driven bioregionalizations can provide a framework to test hypotheses and base biodiversity conservation.Here we used occurrence and abundance data in combination with objective analytical methods to propose two bioregionalization schemes for tree species of the Cerrado and the Pantanal in South America.We also evaluated the contribution of three sets of determinants of the occurrence-and abundance-based subregions.We compiled data on tree species composition from 894 local assemblages based on species occurrences,and from 658 local assemblages based on species abundances.We used an unconstrained community-level modelling approach and clustering techniques to identify and map tree subregions for the occurrence and the abundance data sets,separately.Hierarchical clustering analyses were conducted to investigate floristic affinities between the subregions and to map broader floristic regions.We used multinomial logistic regression models,deviance partitioning,and rank-sum tests to assess the main subregion correlates.We identified 18 occurrence-and four abundance-based subregions in the Cerrado-Pantanal.The hierarchical classifications grouped the occurrence-based subregions into nine floristic zones and abundance-based subregions into two broad floristic zones.Variation in subregions were explained mainly by environmental factors and spatial structure in both occurrence and abundance data sets.The occurrence-and abundance-based subregions are complementary approaches to disentangle macroecological patterns and to plan conservation efforts in the Cerrado and the Pantanal.Our findings based on occurrence data revealed more complex and interdigitated boundaries between subregions of tree species than previously reported.The environment,historical stability,and human effects act in a synergetic way on the distribution of the subregions.Finally,the relevance of contemporary environmental factors to the subregion patterns we found alert us to the profound impact global warming may have on the spatial orga

关键词： Cerrado Pantanal Savanna Biogeographical regionalization Biodiversity hotspot South America

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Differences between delusional disorder and schizophrenia:A mini narrative review

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World Journal of Psychiatry 2022年第5期12卷 683-692页

作者： alexandre gonzález-Rodríguez Mary V Seeman Department of Mental Health Mutua Terrassa University HospitalUniversity of BarcelonaBarcelona 08280Spain Department of Psychiatry University of TorontoToronto M5P 3L6OntarioCanada

Psychotic syndromes are divided into affective and non-affective forms.Even among the non-affective forms,substantial differences exist.The aim of this relatively brief review is to synthesize what is known about the differences between two non-affective psychoses,schizophrenia and delusional disorder(DD),with respect to clinical,epidemiological,sociodemographic,and treatment response characteristics.A PubMed literature search revealed the following:in schizophrenia,hallucinations,negative symptoms and cognitive symptoms are prominent.They are rare in DD.Compared to schizophrenia patients,individuals with DD maintain relatively good function,and their delusions are believable;many are beliefs that are widely held in the general population.Treatments are generally similar in these two forms of psychosis,with the exception that antidepressants are used more frequently in DD and,for acute treatment,effective antipsychotic doses are lower in DD than in schizophrenia.It is with the hope that the contrasts between these two conditions will aid in the provision of safe and effective treatment for both that this review has been conducted.

关键词： Non-affective psychosis Delusional disorder Schizophrenia Epidemiology Symptoms Treatment response

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Coming of age for the rhizosphere microbiome transplantation

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Soil Ecology Letters 2023年第1期5卷 4-5页

作者： alexandre Jousset Seon-Woo Lee Key Laboratory of Plant Immunity Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Organic Solid Waste UtilizationNational Engineering Research Center for Organic-based FertilizersNanjing Agricultural UniversityNanjing 210095China Department of Applied Bioscience Dong-A UniversityBusan 49315Korea

Microbiome transplants have the potential to disrupt agriculture and medicine by transferring the microbial genetic pool(and hence capabilities)from one host to another.Yet,for this technology to become reality,we need to understand the drivers shaping the success of microbiome transplant.We highlight here recent findings by Dr.gaofei Jiang and colleagues.Using disease suppression as a model function,they highlight the microbiome characteristics making a successful transplant possible.We see this study is a seminal work making microbiome transplant an informed process that will replace the current error-prone trial procedures.We anticipate that the insights may catalyse a paradigm shift in microbiome management in agriculture and medicine.

关键词： Microbiome transplant Coalescence Ralstonia Biodiversity Crop health

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Directional H^(2) Compression Algorithm: Optimisations and Application to a Discontinuous galerkin BEM for the Helmholtz Equation

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Communications in Computational Physics 2022年第5期31卷 1585-1635页

作者： Nadir-alexandre Messaï Sebastien Pernet Abdesselam Bouguerra ONERA/DTIS Universitéfédérale de Toulouse F-31000 Toulouse France Laboratoire de Physique de la Matière et du Rayonnement(LPMR) Département de Sciences de la MatièreUniversitéde Souk-AhrasBP 155341000 Souk-AhrasAlgeria

This study aimed to specialise a directional H^(2)(DH^(2))compression to matrices arising from the discontinuous galerkin(Dg)discretisation of the hypersingular equation in acoustics.The significantfinding is an algorithm that takes a Dg stiffness matrix andfinds a near-optimal DH^(2) approximation for low and high-frequency problems.We introduced the necessary special optimisations to make this algorithm more efficient in the case of a Dg stiffness matrix.Moreover,an automatic parameter tuning strategy makes it easy to use and versatile.Numerical comparisons with a classical Boundary Element Method(BEM)show that a Dg scheme combined with a DH^(2) gives better computational efficiency than a classical BEM in the case of high-order finite elements and hp heterogeneous meshes.The results indicate that Dg is suitable for an auto-adaptive context in integral equations.

关键词： Integral equation boundary element method Helmholtz equation discontinuous galerkin directional H^(2)-matrix low-rank approximation all frequency compression algorithm

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Predictive power of tertiary lymphoid structure signature for neoadjuvant chemotherapy response and immunotherapy benefit in HER2-negative breast cancer

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Cancer Communications 2023年第8期43卷 943-946页

作者： François Bertucci alexandre De Nonneville Pascal Finetti Emilie Mamessier11Laboratory of Predictive Oncology Label Team“Ligue contre le cancer”Cancer Research Center of MarseillePaoli-Calmettes InstituteAix-Marseille UniversityInserm UMR1068CNRS UMR725MarseilleFrance Department of Medical Oncology Paoli-Calmettes InstituteMarseilleFrance

Dear Editor,Pembrolizumab,an immune checkpoint inhibitor(ICI),was recently approved for early-stage triple-negative breast cancer(eTNBC),and promising results have been reported in advanced hormone receptor-positive/human epidermal growth factor receptor 2-negative(HR+/HER2-)and HER2+BCs[1].given the costs and potential toxicity,markers predictive of ICI benefits are needed.Currently,neither programmed death-ligand 1(PD-L1)expression nor other tested markers(i.e.,tumor mutational burden,microsatellite instability)effectively predict ICI benefit[2].Tertiary lymphoid structures(TLS)are secondary lymphoid organ-like aggregates that reside in the tumor microenvironment and are associated with clinical response to ICIs in metastatic melanoma,renal cell carcinoma.

关键词： lymphoid breast cancer

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Epidemiology of inflammatory bowel diseases in the state of Rio grande do Sul,Brazil

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World Journal of gastroenterology 2022年第30期28卷 4174-4181页

作者： Ornella Sari Cassol gilmara Pandolfo Zabot Rogerio Saad-Hossne alexandre Padoin Department of Coloproctology IMED Medical SchoolPasso Fundo 99010260RSBrazil graduate Program in Medicine and Health Sciences Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul(PUCRS)Porto Alegre 90610001RSBrazil Department of Coloproctology Coloprocto Canoas ClinicCanoas 92310205RSBrazil Department of Coloproctology Hospital Moinhos de Vento(HMV)Porto Alegre 90035000RSBrazil Department of Surgery and Orthopaedics Universidade Estadual Paulista(UNESP)Botucatu 18618687SPBrazil

BACKgROUND This is the first study on the epidemiology of inflammatory bowel diseases(IBDs)in Rio grande do Sul(RS),the southernmost state of Brazil with the country’s fifth largest population.Crohn’s disease(CD)and ulcerative colitis(UC)are collectively termed IBDs.They have high incidence and prevalence rates in highincome countries,although in recent years there has been a change in the classic geographical distribution of IBDs,with growing rates in traditionally lowincidence regions.AIM To estimate the incidence and prevalence of IBDs in the RS state,Brazil,between 2014 and 2019.METHODS This is a cross-sectional descriptive observational study.Patients with IBD who had initiated treatment and met the inclusion criteria of the RS state free drug distribution program were included.Data were obtained from registration or renewal records of the RS state specialty pharmacy.The male,female,and total populations were estimated according to mid-year data from the Brazilian Institute of geography and Statistics,which served as a reference for calculating the incidence and prevalence rates of IBDs during the study period.Results were described using mean,standard deviation,and range.RESULTS We included 1082 patients with IBD,of whom 57.5%were female and 42.5% were male.Patients with CD accounted for 72.45% of the sample,and those with UC accounted for 27.54%.IBD prevalence during the study period was 9.51 per 100000 population,of which 6.89 corresponded to people with CD and 2.62,to people with UC.Incidence rates per 100000 population/year were 2.54 in 2014,2.61 in 2015,1.91 in 2016,0.80 in 2017,0.83 in 2018,and 0.96 in 2019.The mean IBD incidence rate per 100000 population was 1.61,of which 1.17 corresponded to CD and 0.44,to UC.The mean age was 41 years,and patients were mostly aged 30-40 years.Prevalence by region was higher in the state capital metropolitan area:12.69 per 100000 population.CONCLUSION Our results demonstrated an IBD prevalence of 9.51% and incidence of 1.61 per 100000 population.The patients were pr

关键词： Inflammatory bowel diseases Crohn’s disease Ulcerative colitis Epidemiology Incidence Prevalence

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Structural and optical properties of pillared Eu^(3+)-containing layered double hydroxides intercalated by 2-to 12-carbon aliphatic dicarboxylates

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Journal of Rare Earths 2022年第2期40卷 260-267,I0003页

作者： alexandre Candido Teixeira Ivan guide Nunes Silva Alysson Ferreira Morais Danilo Mustafa Physics Institute.University of Sao Paulo 05508-090Sao PauloSPBrazil

While the versatile composition of layered double hydroxides(LDHs)allows the introduction of almost any polyvalent cation in their structure,the exchangeable negatively charged ions intercalated between the plates increase their vast range of functionalities.Here we report on the preparation and optical properties of pillared Eu^(3+)-substituted ZnAl LDHs intercalated by aliphatic dicarboxylates:-OOC-(CH_(2))_(n-2)-COO-.The basal distance in these materials is dependent on the size and packing of the intercalated anions.By varying the number(n)of carbon atoms in the aliphatic chain from 2 to 12,the interlayer gallery of these ZnAlEu LDHs is considerably expanded from 0.9 to 2.1 nm.In the interlayer gallery,the aliphatic dicarboxylates form a monolayer,with the aliphatic chain inclined by an angleα≈63°with the hydroxide layers.The carbon atom in the COO-group is 0.43 nm far from the metal plane,showing that these carboxylates are not grafted in the brucite-like layers.These LDHs are thermally stable up to around 150℃,after which dehydroxylation of the hydroxide layers is observed.The Judd-Ofelt intensity parameters were obtained and compared to the Eu^(3+)-containing complexes with the same ligand series indicating a more symmetrical and less polarizable chemical environment around the rare earth ion.

关键词： Europium Layered double hydroxides Carboxylate ligands Luminescence Rare earths

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Root osmotic sensing from local perception to systemic responses

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Stress Biology 2022年第1期2卷 249-269页

作者： Lucille gorgues Xuelian Li Christophe Maurel alexandre Martiniere Philippe Nacry IPSiM CNRSINRAEInstitut AgroUniv Montpellier34060 MontpellierFrance

Plants face a constantly changing environment,requiring fine tuning of their growth and development.Plants have therefore developed numerous mechanisms to cope with environmental stress conditions.One striking exam-ple is root response to water deficit.Upon drought(which causes osmotic stress to cells),plants can among other responses alter locally their root system architecture(hydropatterning)or orientate their root growth to optimize water uptake(hydrotropism).They can also modify their hydraulic properties,metabolism and development coordi-nately at the whole root and plant levels.Upstream of these developmental and physiological changes,plant roots must perceive and transduce signals for water availability.Here,we review current knowledge on plant osmotic per-ception and discuss how long distance signaling can play a role in signal integration,leading to the great phenotypic plasticity of roots and plant development.

关键词： Drought Water deficit perception Local signaling Long distance signaling Local water deficit Adaptive development

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A combinatorial indexing strategy for low-cost epigenomic profiling of plant single cells

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Plant Communications 2022年第4期3卷 72-82页

作者： Xiaoyu Tu alexandre P.Marand Robert J.Schmitz Silin Zhong Joint Center for Single Cell Biology School of Agriculture and BiologyShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200240China Shanghai Collaborative Innovation Center of Agri-Seeds School of Agriculture and BiologyShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200240China Department of genetics University of GeorgiaAthensGA 30602USA State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology School of Life SciencesThe Chinese University of Hong KongHong KongChina

Understanding how cis-regulatory elements facilitate gene expression is a key question in biology.Recent advances in single-cell genomics have led to the discovery of cell-specific chromatin landscapes that underlie transcription programs in animal models.However,the high equipment and reagent costs of commercial systems limit their applications for many laboratories.In this study,we developed a combinatorial index and dual PCR barcode strategy to profile the Arabidopsis thaliana root single-cell epigenome without any specialized equipment.We generated chromatin accessibility profiles for 13576 root nuclei with an average of 12784 unique Tn5 integrations per cell.Integration of the single-cell assay for transposaseaccessible chromatin sequencing and RNA sequencing data sets enabled the identification of 24 cell clusters with unique transcription,chromatin,and cis-regulatory signatures.Comparison with single-cell data generated using the commercial microfluidic platform from 10X genomics revealed that this low-cost combinatorial index method is capable of unbiased identification of cell-type-specific chromatin accessibility.We anticipate that,by removing cost,instrumentation,and other technical obstacles,this method will be a valuable tool for routine investigation of single-cell epigenomes and provide new insights into plant growth and development and plant interactions with the environment.

关键词： combinatorial indexing single-cell ATAC-seq epigenome

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Comparative Study of Two Materials Combining a Standard Building Material with a PCM

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Fluid Dynamics & Materials Processing 2023年第5期19卷 1283-1290页

作者： Marwa El Yassi Ikram El Abbassi alexandre Pierre Yannick Melinge Research Laboratory in Industrial Eco-innovation and Energetics(LR2E) ECAM-EPMICergy-Pontoise95000France Laboratory of Mechanic and Materials of Civil Engineering(L2MgC) University of Cergy-PontoiseCergy-Pontoise95000France Historical Monuments Research Laboratory(LRMH) Champs-sur-Marne77420France

Phase change materials(PCMs)have the ability to store thermal energy and make it available at a later stage to keep indoor temperature within a specific range and achieve better thermal comfort in buildings.This study focuses on the performances of materials obtained by combining a standard building material with a PCM.In particular,two different materials mixed with the same PCM are considered under the same climatic conditions.The related thermal behavior is assessed in the framework of numerical simulations conducted with ANSYS Fluent assuming parameters representative of a city located in Europe.The results show that the addition of PCM to concrete and bricks can improve the thermal inertia of the resulting material.

关键词： Phase change materials building material thermal comfort passive cooling

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