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Application of light detection and ranging and ultrasonic sensors to high-throughput phenotyping and precision horticulture: current status and challenges

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Horticulture Research 2018年第1期5卷 480-490页

作者： Andréf.Colaço JoséP.Molin Joan R.Rosell-Polo alexandre Escolà Biosystems Engineering Department “Luiz de Queiroz”College of AgricultureUniversity of São PauloAv.Pádua Dias11Piracicaba-SP13418-900Brazil Research Group on AgroICT and Precision Agriculture Department of Agricultural and Forest EngineeringSchool of Agrifood and Forestry Science and EngineeringUniversity of Lleida–Agrotecnio CenterAv.Rovira Roure19125198LleidaCataloniaSpain CSIRO Waite CampusLocked Bag 2Glen OsmondSA5064Australia

Ultrasonic and light detection and ranging(LiDAR)sensors have been some of the most deeply investigated sensing technologies within the scope of digital *** can accurately estimate geometrical and structural parameters of the tree canopies providing input information for high-throughput phenotyping and precision horticulture.A review was conducted in order to describe how these technologies evolved and identify the main investigated topics,applications,and key points for future investigations in horticulture *** research efforts have been focused on the development of data acquisition systems,data processing,and high-resolution 3D modeling to derive structural tree parameters such as canopy volume and leaf *** applications of such sensors for precision horticulture were restricted to real-time variable-rate solutions where ultrasonic or LiDAR sensors were tested to adjust plant protection product or fertilizer dose rates according to the tree volume *** studies exploring other applications in site-specific management are encouraged;some that integrates canopy sensing data with other sources of information collected at the within-grove scale(e.g.,digital elevation models,soil type maps,historical yield maps,etc.).Highly accurate 3D tree models derived from LiDAR scanning demonstrate their great potential for tree ***,the technology has not been widely adopted by researchers to evaluate the performance of new plant varieties or the outcomes from different management *** solutions for tree scanning of whole groves,orchards,and nurseries would promote such adoption and facilitate more applied research in plant phenotyping and precision horticulture.

关键词： culture LiDAR maps

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睡眠不足导致警觉性降低而增强小鼠痛觉过敏

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中国疼痛医学杂志 2018年第3期24卷 166-168页

作者： alexandre C Latremoliere A ferreira A 张奉明王兵徐州医科大学

当代生活中,人们昼夜活动的不断增多导致睡眠缺乏的人群日益扩大,所以睡眠障碍像失眠症一样发病率较高。但是长期睡眠不足是怎样影响人们健康的,目前仍不是很明确。睡眠剥夺实验研究发现:如果睡眠质量和睡眠时间受到影响,第二天就可能... 详细信息

当代生活中,人们昼夜活动的不断增多导致睡眠缺乏的人群日益扩大,所以睡眠障碍像失眠症一样发病率较高。但是长期睡眠不足是怎样影响人们健康的,目前仍不是很明确。睡眠剥夺实验研究发现:如果睡眠质量和睡眠时间受到影响,第二天就可能出现疼痛症状,表明仅仅是睡眠障碍就有可能加剧疼痛。本文的研究发现,健康小鼠的睡眠不足(而不是睡眠片断化)可增加对伤害性刺激(即疼痛)的敏感性,而不是导致总体感觉的高反应性。中等程度的重复性睡眠不足,会导致睡眠不足的进行性累积和疼痛症状的进一步恶化,二者在恢复正常睡眠后都可以恢复到正常状态。两种促醒剂咖啡因(Caffeine)和莫达非尼(Modafinil),对睡眠充足的小鼠没有镇痛效果,却可快速恢复睡眠剥夺鼠的痛敏到正常痛阈水平,而不影响其睡眠不足的状态。促醒剂可减轻轻度睡眠不足诱发的疼痛,表明警觉性对痛觉过敏(痛敏)有一定的影响;本研究进一步表明,临床上睡眠不足或睡眠质量差可能会增加疼痛,这种痛敏可能对镇痛剂不敏感,但可通过提高警觉性或者改善睡眠得以缓解。

关键词：睡眠不足痛觉过敏小鼠警觉疼痛症状睡眠障碍睡眠质量睡眠剥夺

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The geography of introgression in a patchy environment and the thorn in the side of ecological speciation

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Current Zoology 2013年第1期59卷 72-86页

作者： Nicolas BIERNE Pierre-alexandre GAGNAIRE Patrice DAVID Universit6 Montpellier 2 Place Eugene Bataillon 34095 Montpellier Cedex 5 France ISEM - CNRS UMR 5554 SMEL 2 rue des Chantiers 34200 S6te France CEfE - CNRS UMR 5175 34293 MontpeUier Cedex 5 France

When incompletely isolated taxa coexist in a patchy environment （e.g. mosaic hybrid zones, host-race complexes）, patterns of variation may differ between selected traits/genes and neutral markers. While the genetic structure of selected traits/loci tends to coincide with habitat variables （producing Genetic-Environment Association or GEA）, genetic differentiation at neutral loci unlinked to any selected locus rather depends on geographic connectivity at a large scale （e.g. Isolation- By-Distance or IBD）, although these loci often display GEA at a small scale. This discrepancy has been repeatedly taken as evi- dence for parallel primary divergence driven by local adaptation. We argue that this interpretation needs to be addressed more thoroughly by considering the alternative hypothesis that speciation was initiated in allopatry and secondary introgression has subsequently erased the signal of past differentiation at neutral loci. We present a model of neutral introgression after secondary contact in a mosaic hybrid zone, which describes how GEAs dissipate with time and how neutral variation self-organizes accord- ing to the environmental and geographic structures. We show that although neutral loci can be affected by environmental selection they are often more affected by history and connectivity： the neutral structure retains the initial geographic separation more than it correlates with the environment during the colonization and introgression phases, and then converges to a migration-drift balance, the most frequent outcome of which is GEA at a local scale but IBD at a large scale. This is the exact pattern usually attributed to parallel ecological speciation. Introgression is heterogeneous in space and depends on the landscape structure （e.g. it is faster in small patches, which are more impacted by immigration）. furthermore, there is no directionality in the association and it is possi- ble to observe reversed GEAs between distant regions. We argue that the his

关键词： Ecological speciation Local adaptation Mosaic hybrid zone Reproductive isolation Genetic-environment association

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Generalized Hardy Spaces

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Acta Mathematica Sinica,English Series 2010年第9期26卷 1673-1692页

作者： alexandre ALMEIDA António M.CAETANO Departamento de Matemática Universidade de Aveiro

Hardy spaces with generalized parameter are introduced following the maximal characterization approach. As particular cases, they include the classical Hp spaces and the Hardy-Lorentz spaces H^p,q. Real interpolation results with function parameter are obtained, Based on them, the behavior of some classical operators is studied in this generalized setting.

关键词： Generalized Hardy spaces maximal functions Poisson kernel interpolation with function parameter Riesz potentials singular integrals

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Load forecasting for Control of the Use of Transmission System for Electric Distribution Utilities

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Journal of Energy and Power Engineering 2013年第1期7卷 139-147页

作者： Vitor Hugo ferreira alexandre Rasi Aoki Silvio Michel de Rocco Electrical Engineering Department Fluminense Federal University (UFF) Niter6i 24210-240 Brazil Electric and Electronic Department Institute of Technology for Development (LACTEC) Curitiba 80215-090 Brazil Companhia Paranaense de Energia (COPEL) Curitiba 80420-170 Brazil

The Brazilian electric sector reform established that the remuneration of distribution utilities must be through the management of their systems. This fact increased the necessity of control and management of load flows through the connection points between the distribution systems and the basic grid as a function of the contracted amounts. The objective of this control is to avoid that these flows exceed some thresholds along the contracted values, avoiding monetary penalties to the utility or unnecessary amounts of contracted flows that overrates the costumers. This question highlights the necessity of forecast the flows in these connection points in sufficient time to permit the operator to take decisions to avoid flows beyond the contracted ones. In this context, this work presents the development of a neural network based load flow forecaster, being tested two time-series neural models： support vector machines and Bayesian inference applied to multilayered perceptron. The models are applied to real data from a Brazilian distribution utility.

关键词： Load forecasting artificial neural networks complexity control input selection Bayesian methods support vector machines.

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Detecting polygenic selection in marine populations by combining population genomics and quantitative genetics approaches

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Current Zoology 2016年第6期62卷 603-616页

作者： Pierre-alexandre GAGNAIRE Oscar E. GAGGIOTTI Universite Montpellier 2 Place Eugene Bataillon 34095 Montpellier Cedex 5 France ISEM - CNRS UMR 5554 SMEL 2 rue des Chantiers Sete 34200 France Scottish Oceans Institute University of St Andrews East Sands St Andrews KY16 9LB UK

Highly fecund marine species with dispersive life-history stages often display large population sizes and wide geographic distribution ranges. Consequently, they are expected to experience reduced genetic drift, efficient selection fueled by frequent adaptive mutations, and high migration loads. This has important consequences for understanding how local adaptation proceeds in the sea. A key issue in this regard, relates to the genetic architecture underlying fitness traits. Theory predicts that adaptation may involve many genes but with a high variance in effect size. Therefore, the effect of selection on allele frequencies may be substantial for the largest effect size loci, but insignificant for small effect genes. In such a context, the performance of population genomic methods to unravel the genetic basis of adaptation depends on the fraction of adaptive genetic variance explained by the cumulative effect of outlier loci. Here, we address some methodological challenges associated with the detection of local adaptation using molecular approaches. We provide an overview of genome scan methods to detect selection, including those assuming complex demographic models that better describe spatial population structure. We then focus on quantitative genetics approaches that search for genotype-phenotype associations at different genomic scales, including genome-wide methods evaluating the cumulative effect of variants. We argue that the limited power of single locus tests can be alleviated by the use of polygenic scores to estimate the joint contribution of candidate variants to phenotypic variation.

关键词： local adaptation genome scans quantitative genetics genotype-phenotype association polygenic scores.

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On the Numerical Solution of Some Eikonal Equations:An Elliptic Solver Approach

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Chinese Annals of Mathematics,Series B 2015年第5期36卷 689-702页

作者： alexandre CABOUSSAT Roland GLOWINSKI Tsorng-Whay PAN Haute Ecole de Gestion de Genève University of Applied Sciences Department of Mathematics University of Houston

The steady Eikonal equation is a prototypical first-order fully nonlinear equation. A numerical method based on elliptic solvers is presented here to solve two different kinds of steady Eikonal equations and compute solutions, which are maximal and minimal in the variational sense. The approach in this paper relies on a variational argument involving penalty, a biharmonic regularization, and an operator-splitting-based time-discretization scheme for the solution of an associated initial-value problem. This approach allows the decoupling of the nonlinearities and differential *** experiments are performed to validate this approach and investigate its convergence properties from a numerical viewpoint.

关键词： Eikonal equations Maximal solutions Regularization methods Operator slalitting finite element methods

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Characteristics of lightning‐induced voltages based on experimental data

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High Voltage 2021年第3期6卷 555-561页

作者： Michele N.N.Santos alexandre Piantini Technological and Exact Sciences Department Federal University of AmapáMacapá‐APBrazil Institute of Energy and Environment University of São PauloSão Paulo‐SPBrazil

This paper presents an analysis of 64 lightning‐induced voltage waveforms recorded in an experimental system implemented in the campus of the University of São Paulo,*** voltages were measured on a 10 m high,2.7 km long un‐energized overhead line consisting of two conductors installed on 6 m *** of the conductors had surge arresters,while the other one was left *** speaking,all the recorded voltages on the unprotected conductor were bipolar,but in many cases only one semi‐cycle could be considered important for practical *** criteria are discussed for the determination of the waveshape parameters,which may differ signifi-cantly from those of the standard lightning impulse voltage(1.2/50μs).Based on the proposed criterion for classifying the induced voltages,unipolar waveforms accounted for 67%of the total and,except for one case,all of them had positive *** median values of the front time and time‐to‐half‐value were,respectively,5.2μs and 15.8μ*** waveforms were 33%of the total and in approximately 62%of the cases the first semi‐cycle was of positive *** 91%of the cases the voltage peak occurred either in the first or the second semi‐cycle.

关键词： lightning bipolar protected

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Saliency-based framework for facial expression recognition

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frontiers of Computer Science 2019年第1期13卷 183-198页

作者： Rizwan Ahmed KHAN alexandre MEYER Hubert KONIK Saida BOUAKAZ Universite de Lyon CNRSLIRISUMR5205Universite Lyon 1Lyon F-69622France faculty of Information Technology Barrett Hodgson UniversityKarachi 74900Pakistan Laboratoire Hubert Curien UMR5516Universite Jean MonnetSaint-Etienne 42000France

This article proposes a novel framework for the recognition of six universal facial *** framework is based on three sets of features extracted from a face image:entropy,brightness,and local binary ***, saliency maps are obtained using the state-of-the-art saliency detection algorithm "frequency-tuned salient region detection".The idea is to use saliency maps to determine appropriate weights or values for the extracted features (i.e.,brightness and entropy).We have performed a visual experiment to validate the performance of the saliency detection algorithm against the human visual *** movements of 15 subjects were recorded using an eye-tracker in free-viewing conditions while they watched a collection of 54 videos selected from the Cohn-Kanade facial expression *** results of the visual experiment demonstrated that the obtained saliency maps are consistent with the data on human ***,the performance of the proposed framework is demonstrated via satisfactory classification results achieved with the Cohn-Kanade database,fG-NET fEED database, and Dartmouth database of children's faces.

关键词： facial expression recognition classification salient regions entropy brightness local binary pattern

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Attempted altruistic infanticide in a context of psychotic decompensation induced by stress linked to the COVID-19 pandemic:a case report

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forensic Sciences Research 2021年第2期6卷 148-151页

作者： Camille Jantzi alexandre perrin University centre of Legal Medicine(cUrML) University of GenevaGenevaswitzerland

the mediatization of the CoVID-19 pandemic has created a lot of stress leading sometimes to mental health *** present a case of a thirty-year-old woman with no history of psychotic disease but some vulnerabilities and no criminal record,who attempted to kill her seven-year-old son during a brief delusional episode in the context of fear of the *** was successfully treated by pharmacotherapy and *** was examined by forensic psychiatrists leading to the conclusion that her responsibility was highly diminished,and her reoffending risk was *** add to the literature that the CoVID-19 pandemic has been such a stressor for mentally vulnerable people that it could lead to severe psychiatric decompensation and even criminal acts.

关键词： forensic sciences forensic psychiatry CoVID-19 infanticide psychosis criminal responsibility forensic evaluation

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