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滑板公园进化正当时

商业周刊（中文版） 2024年第13期 34-38页

作者： alexandra Lange 程玺(译) 不详

在奥运会的推动下,这项街头朋克运动已经蔚为风潮,“滑板公园”这一配套设施也悄然兴起.滑板族的舞台,包括楼梯、栏杆、长凳、坡道、涵洞,乃至1970年代中期夏日旱季里那些干涸了的泳池。滑板公园往往隐匿于城市的角落:高架桥和立交桥下... 详细信息

在奥运会的推动下,这项街头朋克运动已经蔚为风潮,“滑板公园”这一配套设施也悄然兴起.滑板族的舞台,包括楼梯、栏杆、长凳、坡道、涵洞,乃至1970年代中期夏日旱季里那些干涸了的泳池。滑板公园往往隐匿于城市的角落:高架桥和立交桥下,通风管道和港口码头旁,抑或城市边陲的公园里。

关键词：港口码头通风管道高架桥和立交桥配套设施奥运会涵洞滑板

Utility of Preoperative Positron Emission Tomography (PET) in Localizing Perforator Vessels of Anterolateral Thigh Free Flap

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International Journal of Otolaryngology and Head & Neck Surgery 2024年第4期13卷 275-284页

作者： alexandra McMillan Sameer A. Alvi Zaid Al-Qurayshi Zachary Fleishacker Nitin A. Pagedar Marisa R. Buchakjian Department of Otolaryngology University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics Iowa City IA USA Division of Otolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery North Shore University Health System Evanston IL USA Pritzker School of Medicine The University of Chicago Chicago IL USA Holden Comprehensive Cancer Center University of Iowa Iowa City IA USA

Objectives: The anterolateral thigh (ALT) flap is often considered the workhorse in soft tissue reconstruction of head and neck defects secondary to trauma, infection, or tumor resection. Despite its many advantages, ALT flaps have been criticized due to variability in vasculature, which may result in inadequate or non-existent perforators. This retrospective study aims to investigate the utility and validity of positron emission tomography (PET) scan to identify the location and characteristics of perforators to the ALT flap. Methods: We performed a 10-year retrospective review of ALT flaps at our institution to identify patients with preoperative PET scans available for analysis. Three reviewers (attending physician, fellow, and resident) were asked to identify the number, location, and characteristics (myocutaneous versus septocutaneous) of ALT perforators on imaging, and reviewer agreement was assessed. Results were then compared to available operative data. Results: One hundred twenty-one patients were identified who underwent ALT free flap surgery. Thirty-eight preoperative PET scans were identified for review. At least one perforator was identified in 92.1% of scans. Agreement percentages regarding the number of perforators ranged from 53% - 61% whereas agreement regarding the location of a single perforator ranged from 79% - 90%. However, reviewers did not agree regarding the type of perforator, with agreement ranging from 34% - 53%. Poor agreement was observed when compared to intraoperative data, with the number of perforators ranging from 26% - 34% and the type of perforator 11% - 24%. These findings are likely due to insufficient data available in operative reports. Conclusion: Although initial studies suggest that PET scan shows promising evidence to support the capacity to preoperatively identify ALT perforators, future prospective studies are warranted to fully validate these findings.

关键词： Anterolateral Thigh Flaps Positron Emission Tomography Head and Neck Defects Perforator Mapping

Macroalgal deep genomics illuminate multiple paths to aquatic,photosynthetic multicellularity

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Molecular Plant 2024年第5期17卷 747-771页

作者： David R.Nelson alexandra Mystikou Ashish Jaiswal Cecilia Rad-Menendez Michael J.Preston Frederik De Boever Diana C.El Assal Sarah Daakour Michael W.Lomas Jean-Claude Twizere David H.Green William C.Ratcliff Kourosh Salehi-Ashtiani Division of Science and Math New York University Abu DhabiAbu DhabiUAE Center for Genomics and Systems Biology(CGSB) New York University Abu DhabiAbu DhabiUAE Biotechnology Research Center Technology Innovation InstitutePO Box 9639Masdar CityAbu DhabiUAE Culture Collection of Algae and Protozoa Scottish Association for Marine ScienceObanScotlandUK National Center for Marine Algae and Microbiota Bigelow Laboratory for Ocean SciencesEast BoothbayMEUSA Laboratory of Viral Interactomes GIGA InstituteUniversity of LiegeLiegeBelgium School of Biological Sciences Georgia Institute of TechnologyAtlantaGAUSA

Macroalgae are multicellular,aquatic autotrophs that play vital roles in global climate maintenance and have diverse applications in biotechnology and eco-engineering,which are directly linked to their multicellularity ***,their genomic diversity and the evolutionary mechanisms underlying multicellularity in these organisms remain *** this study,we sequenced 110 macroalgal genomes from diverse climates and phyla,and identified key genomic features that distinguish them from their microalgal *** for cell adhesion,extracellular matrix formation,cell polarity,transport,and cell differentiation distinguish macroalgae from microalgae across all three major phyla,constituting conserved and unique gene sets supporting multicellular *** genes show phylum-and climate-specific expansions that may facilitate niche ***,our study reveals genetic determinants of convergent and divergent evolutionary trajectories that have shaped morphological diversity in macroalgae and provides genome-wide frameworks to understand photosynthetic multicellular evolution in aquatic environments.

关键词： macroalgae multicellularity comparative genomics evolution adhesome endogenous viral elements

Imaging and endoscopic tools in pediatric inflammatory bowel disease: What’s new?

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World Journal of Clinical Pediatrics 2024年第1期13卷 7-13页

作者： alexandra S Hudson Ghassan T Wahbeh Hengqi Betty Zheng Department of Pediatrics University of WashingtonSeattleWA 98109United States

Pediatric inflammatory bowel disease(IBD)is a chronic inflammatory disorder,with increasing incidence and prevalence *** have been recent advances in imaging and endoscopic technology for disease diagnosis,treatment,and *** ultrasound,including transabdominal,transperineal,and endoscopic,has been emerging for the assessment of transmural bowel inflammation and disease complications(e.g.,fistula,abscess).Aside from surgery,IBD-related intestinal strictures now have endoscopic treatment options including through-the-scope balloon dilatation,injection,and needle knife stricturotomy and new evaluation tools such as endoscopic functional lumen imaging *** transnasal endoscopy may have a role in patients with upper gastrointestinal Crohn’s disease or those with IBD with new upper gastrointestinal *** to dysplasia screening in pediatric patients with longstanding colonic disease or primary sclerosing cholangitis hold promise with the addition of virtual chromoendoscopy and ongoing research in the field of artificial intelligence-assisted endoscopic *** intelligence and machine learning is a rapidly evolving field,with goals of further personalizing IBD diagnosis and treatment selection as well as *** review summarized these advancements,focusing on pediatric patients with IBD.

关键词： Intestinal ultrasound Endoscopy Inflammatory bowel disease Pediatrics Imaging

科技型中小企业专业培训对研发人员离职倾向的影响研究——以工作嵌入为中介变量

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西华大学学报（哲学社会科学版） 2024年第2期43卷 64-87页

作者：谷昊 alexandra Fernandes 丁奕文电子科技大学经济与管理学院四川成都611731 University Institute of Lisbon Lisbon 1649-026 成都信息工程大学管理学院四川成都610103

为寻求降低科技型中小企业研发人员离职倾向的路径,文章构建“专业培训—工作嵌入—离职倾向”的研究框架,并考虑员工性别、教育程度和职位层级的调节作用,采用大规模调查问卷的实证方法,通过数据分析发现:专业培训显著降低了研发人员... 详细信息

为寻求降低科技型中小企业研发人员离职倾向的路径,文章构建“专业培训—工作嵌入—离职倾向”的研究框架,并考虑员工性别、教育程度和职位层级的调节作用,采用大规模调查问卷的实证方法,通过数据分析发现:专业培训显著降低了研发人员离职倾向,工作嵌入发挥了中介作用,不同特征的员工接受专业培训的效果不同。文章的研究成果丰富了专业培训、工作嵌入等理论内涵并拓展其应用情境,系统地剖析了专业培训针对不同特征研发人员离职倾向的作用机制,具有深刻的理论与实践价值。

关键词：专业培训离职倾向工作嵌入员工特征科技型中小企业

Peacebuilding Is Social Work:From Political Science to Social Psychology

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Journal of Sociology Study 2024年第2期14卷 91-97页

作者： alexandra Gray Basilio Monteiro St.John’s University New YorkU.S.

For the longest time,peacemaking and peacekeeping were the only post-factum interventions to resolve armed conflicts usually related to a nation-state’s borders or *** has its origins in sociology(Galtung,1969;1975)and is used today as a preferred concept in matters of ***,this paper explores why peacebuilding,as the Secretary General of the United Nations advocates in A New Agenda for Peace,must become a nonlinear and contextual process that promotes the prevention of conflict and invites a transformative approach to addressing the linkages between peace,security,and ***,this paper advocates that peacebuilding grounded in social psychology and social anthropology will bring about transformative outcomes as it will build relationships at the community level and become a preventive tool to address incipient tensions within the *** as social work will benefit the community and lay the necessary foundations for a sustainable *** workers are equipped to assess,analyze,and solve *** capacity to do ongoing social diagnosis is a critical tool to prevent skirmishes degenerating into *** work could be the much-needed resource to further develop theory and practice that contributes to active peacebuilding.

关键词： peacebuilding peacekeeping social work conflict prevention reconciliation

Pandemic prevention and personality psychology: Gender differences in preventive health behaviors during COVID-19 and the roles of agreeableness and conscientiousness

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Journal of Safety Science and Resilience 2022年第1期3卷 87-91页

作者： Tobias Otterbring alexandra Festila Department of Management University of AgderKristiansandNorway Freelancer CopenhagenDenmark

One of the greatest public health crises in recent times,the COVID-19 pandemic,has come with a myriad of challenges in terms of health communication and public cooperation to prevent the spread of the ***-derstanding which are the key determinants that make certain individuals more cooperative is key in effectively tackling pandemics and similar future *** the present study(N=800),we investigated whether gen-der differences in compliance with preventive health behaviors(PHB)at the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic could be established,and,if so,whether the personality traits of agreeableness and conscientiousness could help explain this presumed *** with our theorizing,we found women to score higher than men on agreeableness and conscientiousness,and to be more willing to comply with a set of ***,both per-sonality traits were found to mediate the gender-compliance *** means that women’s greater compliance levels with PHB could,at least in part,be attributed to their higher agreeableness and conscientiousness scores.A greater understanding of the determinants of PHB in terms of gender and associated personality traits may help identify options for developing more effective communication campaigns,both in terms of communication channel selection and message content.

关键词： Covid-19 Pandemics Gender,personality Psychology Agreeableness Conscientiousness Preventive health behaviors

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缓解住房抵押贷款市场风险的宏观审慎政策

中国金融 2024年第2期 21-24页

作者：亚历山德拉·瓦拉迪詹姆斯·瓦德尔张林(译) 英格兰银行宏观金融风险局《中国金融》编辑部

英格兰银行金融政策委员会推出两项管控抵押贷款的政策工具,防止放贷机构降低审贷标准以及高负债家庭数量上升所引发的住房市场风险在英国,负责制定住房金融政策工具的宏观审慎监管机构是英格兰银行金融政策委员会(Financial Policy Com... 详细信息

英格兰银行金融政策委员会推出两项管控抵押贷款的政策工具,防止放贷机构降低审贷标准以及高负债家庭数量上升所引发的住房市场风险在英国,负责制定住房金融政策工具的宏观审慎监管机构是英格兰银行金融政策委员会(Financial Policy Committee,FPC)。FPC的主要职责是确保英国金融体系具备抵御各种风险的韧性,其中包括抵御来自英国抵押贷款市场的风险(注:本文的“抵押贷款”均指住房抵押贷款)。英格兰银行应对这些风险的政策工具十分丰富,既有针对购房自住抵押贷款的工具,也有针对购房出租抵押贷款的工具。

关键词：英格兰银行抵押贷款宏观审慎政策放贷机构住房市场高负债宏观审慎监管金融体系

Imposing temporal consistency on deep monocular body shape and pose estimation

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Computational Visual Media 2023年第1期9卷 123-139页

作者： alexandra Zimmer Anna Hilsmann Wieland Morgenstern Peter Eisert Fraunhofer Heinrich-Hertz-Institut 10587 BerlinGermany Technische Universit¨at Berlin 10623 BerlinGermany Humboldt Universit¨at zu Berlin 10117 BerlinGermany

Accurate and temporally consistent modeling of human bodies is essential for a wide range of applications,including character animation,understanding human social behavior,and AR/VR *** human motion accurately from a monocular image sequence remains challenging;modeling quality is strongly influenced by temporal consistency of the captured body *** work presents an elegant solution to integrating temporal constraints during *** increases both temporal consistency and robustness during *** detail,we derive parameters of a sequence of body models,representing shape and motion of a *** optimize these parameters over the complete image sequence,fitting a single consistent body shape while imposing temporal consistency on the body motion,assuming body joint trajectories to be linear over short *** approach enables the derivation of realistic 3D body models from image sequences,including jaw pose,facial expression,and articulated *** experiments show that our approach accurately estimates body shape and motion,even for challenging movements and ***,we apply it to the particular application of sign language analysis,where accurate and temporally consistent motion modelling is essential,and show that the approach is well-suited to this kind of application.

关键词： motion capture surface reconstruction face modeling body model estimation